| 1. |
- Axelsson, Per, 1933
(författare)
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Commentary: periodontitis is preventable
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - Chicago : Wiley. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 85:10, s. 1303-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Buranawat, B, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Beta-Calcium Metaphosphate Bone Graft Containing Bone Morphogenetic Protein- 7 (OP-1) in Rabbit Maxillary Defects.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1943-3670 .- 0022-3492. ; 85:2, s. 298-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Calcium phosphate based materials have been widely used as bone substitutes and more recently are being exploited together with growth factors as bone tissue engineering scaffolds regulating cell behavior. The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo response to a newly developed calcium metaphosphate bone graft, with and without bone stimulating growth factor. Materials and methods: Porous scaffolds of β calcium metaphosphate (CMP) were developed and extensively tested in vitro. Subsequently, CMP grafts with osteogenic protein 1 (OP-1) (test) and, without (control) were implanted into experimental rabbit maxillary bone defects. Animals were sacrificed 2, 4, and 8 weeks and samples examined with micro-computed tomography (µCT) and processed for histomorphometric analysis. Results: At 8 weeks the scaffolds containing OP-1 induced greater bone formation (P=0.018) than CMP alone, based on histomorphometric evaluation, % Bone area [Test 57.1±5.6 and Control 49.4±7.7] and micro-CT analysis, % Bone volume density (BV/TV) [Test 63.46±5.61 and Control 51.20±6.71]. Thus, this data indicated that both test and control CMP grafts showed a good degree of bone formation. Furthermore, the CMP materials showed signs of resorption from 4 weeks and no graft materials were observed at 8 weeks. Conclusion: In vitro the OP-1 loaded graft demonstrated a release profile and bioactivity over a 28 day period. In vivo testing confirmed enhanced bone formation of the OP-1 loaded graft after 8 weeks of healing.
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| 3. |
- Chai, Wen Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a novel model for the investigation of implant-soft tissue interface.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1943-3670 .- 0022-3492. ; 81:8, s. 1187-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In dental implant treatment, the long-term prognosis is dependent on the biologic seal formed by the soft tissue around the implant. The in vitro investigation of the implant-soft tissue interface is usually carried out using a monolayer cell-culture model that lacks a polarized-cell phenotype. This study developed a tissue-engineered three-dimensional oral mucosal model (3D OMM) to investigate the implant-soft tissue interface. METHODS: A 3D OMM was constructed using primary human oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts cultured on a skin-derived scaffold at an air-liquid interface. A titanium implant was inserted into the engineered oral mucosa and further cultured to establish epithelial attachment. The 3D OMM was characterized using basic histology and immunostaining for cytokeratin (CK) 10 and CK13. Histomorphometric analyses of the implant-soft tissue interface were carried out using a light-microscopy (LM) examination of ground sections and semi-thin sections as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry analyses suggests that the engineered oral mucosa closely resembles the normal oral mucosa. The LM and SEM examinations reveal that the 3D OMM forms an epithelial attachment on the titanium surface. CONCLUSION: The 3D OMM provided mimicking peri-implant features as seen in an in vivo model and has the potential to be used as a relevant alternative model to assess implant-soft tissue interactions.
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| 4. |
- Dierens, Melissa, et al.
(författare)
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Long-Term Follow-Up of Turned Single Implants Placed in Periodontally Healthy Patients After 16 to 22 Years : Microbiologic Outcome
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : Amer Acad Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 84:7, s. 880-894
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Survival rates in implant dentistry today are high, although late failures do occur for many reasons, including peri-implant infections. The primary objective of this study is to investigate microbiota around single turned implants after 16 to 22 years. Secondary objectives are to compare teeth and implants and to correlate microbiologic, radiographic, and clinical parameters. Methods: A total of 46 patients with single implants were invited for a clinical examination. Clinical datawere collected from implants and contralateral natural teeth. Radiographic bone level was measured around implants. Microbiologic samples were taken from implants, contralateral teeth, and the deepest pocket per quadrant. Samples were analyzed with DNA-DNA hybridization including 40 species. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, McNemar tests, and Spearman correlation coefficients with a 0.05 significance level. Results: Mean follow-up was 18.5 years (range 16 to 22 years). Tannerella forsythia (1.5 x 10(5)) and Veillonella parvula (1.02 x 10(5)) showed the highest concentrations around implants and teeth, respectively. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and T. forsythia were significantly more present around implants than teeth. Mean counts were significantly higher around implants than teeth for Parvimonas micra, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia, and Treponema denticola. Total DNA count was correlated to interproximal bleeding index (r = 0.409) and interproximal probing depth (r = 0.307). No correlations were present with plaque index or radiographic bone level. Conclusions: In the present study, bacterial counts around single implants in periodontally healthy patients are rather low. Although pathogenic bacteria are present, some in higher numbers around implants than teeth (five of 40), the majority of implants present with healthy peri-implant tissues without progressive bone loss.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Fadel, Hani T, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Caries risk and periodontitis in patients with coronary artery disease.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1943-3670 .- 0022-3492. ; 82:9, s. 1295-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ACKGROUND: There is considerable variation in studies on the oral health of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The aims of this investigation are to study the caries risk profile using the Cariogram computer program and the periodontal disease severity in patients with CAD. METHODS: A total of 127 participants (54 test and 73 control) were included. Participants were asked about their general health and daily habits. Clinical examinations, radiographs, and salivary sampling were performed. Cariologic data were entered into the computer program for risk-profile illustration. The onset of CAD conditions was also documented. RESULTS: Compared with controls, participants with CAD consumed less sugar, used fluoride toothpaste less frequently, and had significantly less favorable periodontal parameters (P <0.005). Generally, differences in cariologic parameters between the two groups were not significant. Significantly more participants with CAD exhibited low salivary-secretion rates than controls. The actual chance (percentage) of avoiding new cavities according to the Cariogram was low in the test and control groups (31% and 40%, respectively; P <0.05). Only gingival recession was correlated with the onset of CAD. CONCLUSIONS: Test and control groups had a relatively high caries risk. More severe periodontal disease was observed in participants with CAD.
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| 7. |
- Fadel, Hani T, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Profiles of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease in Individuals With or Without Psoriasis.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1943-3670 .- 0022-3492. ; 84:4, s. 477-485
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Studies of oral health in psoriasis patients are limited. The aim was to assess the experience and risk of caries and periodontal disease in psoriatics and non-psoriatics. Material and Methods: The material consisted of 89 individuals with mild to moderate chronic plaque psoriasis and 54 non-psoriatics, recruited at the University Hospital in Gothenburg. Psoriasis arthritis was diagnosed in 25 of the psoriatics. All participants answered questionnaires and were subjected to saliva sampling and oral radiological and clinical examinations. Two computer applications were used for illustration of oral disease risk profiles. Results: Psoriatics had lower salivary pH, fewer remaining teeth, fewer sites with probing pocket depth ≤4 mm and a lower radiographic alveolar bone level than non-psoriatics (p<0.05). Most of the differences remained significant after controlling for confounders. Differences in alveolar bone levels were no longer significant, particularly after introducing "gender" into the regression model. Similar numbers of decayed and filled teeth, sites with deep pockets, sites that bled on probing and risk profiles were observed. Individuals with psoriasis arthritis exhibited a lower stimulated salivary secretion rate than non-psoriatics (p<0.05). Conclusions: There were no differences in profiles of caries and periodontal disease experience and risk between individuals with and without psoriasis. Fewer remaining teeth were observed in psoriatics. However, the exact reason for tooth loss could not be identified. Meanwhile, the reduced salivary pH in psoriatics and salivary secretion in psoriasis arthritis individuals, may pose a risk for future caries.
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| 8. |
- Fardal, Øystein, et al.
(författare)
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Periodontal and general health in long-term periodontal maintenance patients treated in a Norwegian private practice : a descriptive report from a compliant and partially compliant survivor population
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 84:10, s. 1374-1381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background There is weak evidence to support the benefit of periodontal maintenance therapy in preventing tooth loss. In addition, the effects of long-term periodontal treatment on general health are unclear.Materials/Methods Compliant and partially compliant patients (15-25 years follow-up) in private practice were observed for oral and systemic health changes.Results 219 compliant patients (128 females, 91 males) were observed for 19.1 years (range 15-25, SD ± 2.8). Age at reassessment was 64.6 years (range 39-84 SD ±9.0). 145 patients were stable (0-3 teeth lost), 54 were downhill (4-6 teeth lost) and 21 patients extreme downhill (>6 teeth lost). 16 patients developed hypertension, 13 developed diabetes II, and 15 suffered myocardial infarcts (MI). A minority developed other systemic diseases. Risk factors for MI included overweight (OR 9.04,95% CI:2.9-27.8, p=0.000), family history with cardiovascular disease (OR 3.10, 95 % CI:1.07-8.94, p=0.029), diabetes I at baseline (p=0.02) and developing diabetes II (O.R. 7.9, 95 % CI: 2.09-29.65, p=0.000). 25 partially compliant patients (8 females, 17 males) were observed for 19 years. This group had a higher proportion of downhill and extreme downhill cases and MI.Conclusion Patients who left the maintenance program in a periodontal specialist practice in Norway had a higher rate of tooth loss than compliant patients. Compliant maintenance patients in specialist practice in Norway have a similar risk of developing diabetes type II as the general population. A rate of 0.0037 myocardial infarcts per patient per year was recorded for this group. Due to the lack of external data, it is difficult to assess how this compares with untreated periodontal patients.
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| 9. |
- Fardal, Øystein, et al.
(författare)
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Periodontal and general health in long-term periodontal maintenance patients treated in a Norwegian private practice : a descriptive report from a compliant and partially compliant survivor population
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons Inc.. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 84:10, s. 1374-1381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background There is weak evidence to support the benefit of periodontal maintenance therapy in preventing tooth loss. In addition, the effects of long-term periodontal treatment on general health are unclear. Materials/Methods Compliant and partially compliant patients (15-25 years follow-up) in private practice were observed for oral and systemic health changes. Results 219 compliant patients (128 females, 91 males) were observed for 19.1 years (range 15-25, SD ± 2.8). Age at reassessment was 64.6 years (range 39-84 SD ±9.0). 145 patients were stable (0-3 teeth lost), 54 were downhill (4-6 teeth lost) and 21 patients extreme downhill (>6 teeth lost). 16 patients developed hypertension, 13 developed diabetes II, and 15 suffered myocardial infarcts (MI). A minority developed other systemic diseases. Risk factors for MI included overweight (OR 9.04,95% CI:2.9-27.8, p=0.000), family history with cardiovascular disease (OR 3.10, 95 % CI:1.07-8.94, p=0.029), diabetes I at baseline (p=0.02) and developing diabetes II (O.R. 7.9, 95 % CI: 2.09-29.65, p=0.000). 25 partially compliant patients (8 females, 17 males) were observed for 19 years. This group had a higher proportion of downhill and extreme downhill cases and MI. Conclusion Patients who left the maintenance program in a periodontal specialist practice in Norway had a higher rate of tooth loss than compliant patients. Compliant maintenance patients in specialist practice in Norway have a similar risk of developing diabetes type II as the general population. A rate of 0.0037 myocardial infarcts per patient per year was recorded for this group. Due to the lack of external data, it is difficult to assess how this compares with untreated periodontal patients.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Figuero, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of Periodontal Pathogens in Vascular, Blood, and Subgingival Samples From Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease or Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : American Academy of Peridontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 85:9, s. 1182-1193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this investigation is to quantify periodontal pathogens (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Campylobacter rectus, and Tannerella forsythia) in vascular, blood, and subgingival samples. As a secondary objective, two molecular bacterial identification methods (nested polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and quantitative PCR [qPCR]) are compared. Methods: Seventy consecutive patients provided a vascular lesion, a blood sample, and 36 subgingival samples. Bacterial DNA was extracted, and qPCR was used to determine the prevalence and amounts of the target pathogens in each sample. Nested PCR was performed only in the samples from vascular lesions. Periodontal examination was performed in 42 patients. Mann-Whitney U or x(2) tests were used to compare microbiologic results according to periodontal diagnosis. Results: All targeted periodontal pathogens (A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, or C. rectus) were detected in subgingival samples, with a prevalence rate of 72.2%, 47.2%, 74.3%, and 82.9%, respectively. In 7.1% and 11.4% of vascular and blood samples, bacterial DNA was detected. One patient was positive for A. actinomycetemcomitans in the three types of samples. No differences were found in the levels of targeted bacteria when comparing patients with and without periodontitis. Prevalence rates obtained with nested PCR were significantly higher than those obtained with qPCR. Conclusions: The presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans was demonstrated in vascular, blood, and subgingival samples in one of 36 patients. These results, although with a very low frequency, may support the hypothesis of a translocation of periodontal pathogens from subgingival microbiota to the bloodstream and then to atheromatous plaques in carotid or other peripheral arteries. Nested PCR is not an adequate method for identifying DNA of periodontal pathogens in low quantities because of the high number of false-negative results.
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| 12. |
- Fredriksson, Margareta I.
(författare)
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Effect of Priming in Subpopulations of Peripheral Neutrophils From Patients With Chronic Periodontitis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 83:9, s. 1192-1199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with periodontal disease are reported to generate more reactive oxygen species (ROS) than matched controls, suggesting increased inflammatory defense activity. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there are subpopulations of peripheral neutrophils in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) that generate different levels of intracellular ROS when primed with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or the chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8, CXCL8) compared to controls. Methods: Venous blood was collected from 13 patients with CP despite careful maintenance over 2 to 8 years and from 13 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Neutrophils were separated from whole blood over a Percoll gradient and then activated via the Fc gamma receptor with opsonized Staphylococcus aureus after priming with TNF-alpha or IL-8. The samples were analyzed by flow cytometry using the fluorescent probe dihydrorhodamine 123. Generation of ROS was measured as the intensity of fluorescence (IFL). Results: Two subpopulations were found in both patients and controls: one with low and one with high generation of IFL. The subpopulation with high generation of IFL in patients with CP was more responsive to IL-8 (P<0.05) than the same subpopulation in healthy controls. No other differences in generation of ROS or priming effects were found between patients with CP and controls. Generation of ROS was dependent on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, and the intracellular ROS was primarily the oxygen anion. Conclusion: Patients with CP had a subpopulation of peripheral neutrophils that were more responsive to IL-8 priming than controls. J Periodontol 2012;83:1192-1199.
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| 13. |
- Haririan, Hady, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial analysis of subgingival plaque samples compared to that of whole saliva in patients with periodontitis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 85:6, s. 819-828
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The detection of special bacterial species in patients with periodontitis is considered to be useful for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The collection of subgingival plaque samples is the common way for the determination of periodontopathic bacteria. However, recently, salivary analysis has been discussed as an advantageous future diagnostic method for periodontitis because it offers simple quantitative sampling and the possibility to assess various bacteria. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate whether there is a correlation between the results of different bacterial species in saliva and subgingival plaque samples from individuals with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and chronic periodontitis (CP). METHODS: Whole saliva and subgingival plaque samples from the deepest pocket of each quadrant were collected from 43 patients with CP and 33 patients with AgP. Twenty different bacterial species from both samplings were determined by the 16S ribosomal RNA-based polymerase chain reaction with microarray technique. RESULTS: All bacterial species were detected in salivary and subgingival plaque samples. For Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia, as well as Actinomyces viscosus, Campylobacter rectus/showae, Prevotella intermedia, Parvimonas micra, Eubacterium nodatum, and Campylobacter gracilis, a significant positive correlation between salivary and subgingival plaque samples was detected in patients with both types of periodontitis. There were no significant differences in bacteria in salivary and subgingival plaque samples between AgP and CP. CONCLUSION: Salivary analysis might be discussed as a potential alternative to subgingival plaque sampling for microbiologic analysis in both AgP and CP.
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| 14. |
- Holmlund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Number of Teeth as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Mortality in a Cohort of 7,674 Subjects Followed for 12 Years
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 81:6, s. 870-876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: That oral health is related to the development of different cardiovascular disorders is reported in a number of studies. This study investigates if different parameters of oral health are associated with future mortality in different cardiovascular disorders in a dose-dependent manner. Methods: A total of 7,674 subjects (3,300 males and 4,374 females; age range 20 to 89 years) received a dental examination by specialists in periodontology between the years 1976 and 2002. Number of remaining teeth, severity of periodontal disease, number of deepened periodontal pockets, and bleeding on probing were evaluated in relation to cause of death. Results: During a median follow-up period of 12 years, 629 of the subjects died. For 299 subjects the cause of mortality was cardiovascular disease (CVD); 167 of these subjects died from coronary heart disease (CHD); 83 died from stroke; and 49 died from aortic aneurysm or congestive heart failure. The causes of death for the remaining 330 subjects were other than CVD. After adjustment for age, gender, and smoking, number of remaining teeth predicted in a dose-dependent manner all-cause mortality and mortality in CVD and in CHD (P <0.0001 for all), but not mortality from stroke (P = 0.15). Cox regression analysis revealed a seven-fold increased risk for mortality from CHD in subjects with <10 teeth compared to those with >25 teeth. Severity of periodontal disease, number of deepened periodontal pockets, and bleeding on probing were not related to mortality in a dose-dependent manner after adjustment for confounders. Conclusion: This fairly large, prospective study with a long follow-up period presents for the first time a dose-dependent relationship between number of teeth and both all-cause and CVD mortality, indicating a link between oral health and CVD, and that the number of teeth is a proper indicator for oral health in this respect.
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| 15. |
- Holmlund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Number of teeth is related to atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid arteries in an elderly population
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 83:3, s. 287-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Periodontal disease has been associated with cardiovascular disorders with an atherosclerotic background, and number of teeth (NT) has been suggested as a possible risk indicator for cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study is to investigate whether NT was related to the intima-media thickness (IMT) and to atherosclerotic plaque in carotid arteries in an elderly population.METHODS:In a population-based study including 1,016 participants aged 70 years, the NT was self-reported by 947 of the participants. Carotid artery IMT was evaluated by ultrasound. The occurrence of plaque was also measured. Logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between NT and the number of carotid arteries with plaque.RESULTS:A significant inverse relationship was found between the NT and the number of carotid arteries with plaque after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, blood glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, C-reactive protein, leukocyte count, blood pressure, and Framingham risk score, with odds ratio of 0.89, 95% confidence interval of 0.82 to 0.98, and P = 0.016. The relationship was fairly linear, suggesting a dose-response relationship. When NT was divided into quintiles using the first one as referent, the relationship persisted for all quintiles except for the second one. However, no relationship to IMT was seen.CONCLUSION:The present study further emphasizes that tooth loss could be an easily obtained risk indicator for atherosclerosis.
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| 16. |
- Höglund Åberg, Carola, et al.
(författare)
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Presence of JP2 and Non-JP2 genotypes of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and periodontal attachment loss in adolescents in Ghana
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 83:12, s. 1520-1528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Limited data are reported concerning the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and attachment loss (AL) in sub-Saharan countries. The authors investigate the carrier frequency of JP2 and non-JP2 genotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans and the presence of AL in Ghanaian adolescents and evaluate socioeconomic conditions and oral hygiene practices. Methods: Five hundred individuals (mean +/- SD age: 13.2 +/- 1.5 years) in public and private schools were interviewed about demographic characteristics and oral hygiene practices and were given a full-mouth periodontal examination. Subgingival plaque samples were obtained from periodontal sites around permanent first molars and incisors. The carrier status of A. actinomycetemcomitans at the individual level was determined based on results obtained by cultivation and polymerase chain reaction. Results: The findings of this study show a relatively high carrier rate of JP2 and non-JP2 genotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the Ghanaian adolescent population and the presence of this bacterium is associated with the occurrence of AL. The overall carrier rate of A. actinomycetemcomitans was 54.4%, and the highly leukotoxic JP2 genotype was detected in 8.8% of the study population. A total of 107 (21.4%) individuals had >= 1 tooth with AL >= 3 mm. The majority of the individuals carrying A. actinomycetemcomitans (80.1%) (P<0.001) and of the periodontally diseased individuals (91.6%) (P<0.001) were found in public schools. Conclusions: A. actinomycetemcomitans and AL were frequently found in Ghanaian adolescents. The school type was the strongest predictor of both presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and AL.
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| 17. |
- Jansson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of periodontal disease experience on oral health-related quality of life
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 85:3, s. 438-445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Periodontal research has traditionally focused on the site level, regarding etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment outcome. Recently, some studies have indicated that the presence of periodontal disease is associated with reduced quality of life. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of periodontal disease experience on the quality of life.Methods: This cross-sectional study includes 443 individuals. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed; in conjunction, the oral health-related quality of life of all participants was assessed using the Swedish short-form version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Based on marginal bone loss, measured on radiographs, three different groups were identified: participants with loss of supporting bone tissue of less than one third of the root length (BL-), loss of supporting bone tissue of one third or more of the root length in <30% of teeth (BL), or loss of supporting bone tissue of one third or more of the root length in 30% of teeth (BL+).Results: The effect of periodontal disease experience on quality of life was considerable. For the BL- group, the mean OHIP-14 score was 3.91 (SD: 5.39). The corresponding mean values were 3.81 (SD: 5.29) for the BL group and 8.47 (SD: 10.38) for the BL+ group. The difference among all groups was statistically significant (P 0.001). A comparison among the mean OHIP-14 scores in the different groups (BL-, BL, and BL+) revealed significant differences in six of seven conceptual domains.Conclusions: The BL+ individuals experienced reduced quality of life, expressed as the OHIP-14 score, compared with the BL and BL- participants.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Jimbo, Ryo, et al.
(författare)
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Simplified drilling technique does not decrease dental implant osseointegration : a preliminary report
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 84:11, s. 1599-1605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To date, some experimental studies have addressed the effect of bone drilling technique and sequence on dental implant osseointegration. In the present study, the authors hypothesize that there would be no differences in osseointegration when reducing the number of drills for osteotomy compared to the conventional drilling protocols. Methods: Seventy-two implants (diameters 3.75 mm and 4.2 mm; n = 36 for each diameter) were bilaterally placed in the tibia of 18 beagles for 1, 3, and 5 weeks. Half of the implants of each diameter were placed using a simplified drilling procedure (pilot and final drill), and the other half were placed using a conventional drilling procedure (all drills in sequence). The retrieved samples were subjected to histologic and histomorphometric evaluation. Results: Histology showed that new bone formed around the implant, and inflammation or bone resorption was not evident for both groups. Histomorphometrically, the simplified group presented significantly higher bone-to-implant contact and bone area fraction occupancy compared to the conventional group after 1 week; however, no differences were detected at 3 and 5 weeks. Conclusion: Bone responses to the implant with the simplified protocol can be comparable to the conventional protocol.
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| 20. |
- Jönsson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Beneficial effects of hormone replacement therapy on periodontitis are vitamin D associated
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 8:84, s. 1048-1057
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Possible synergism between female sex hormones and vitamin D on periodontitis pathology has not been assessed. Here, the authors investigate effects of estrogen, progesterone, and vitamin D on periodontitis in a population-based sample and use cell studies to explore mechanistic explanations of the population-based findings. Methods: The epidemiologic analysis uses cross-sectional data from the continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001 to 2004. The cross sections include 1,230 women aged 40 to 85 years who received a periodontal examination, responded to questions regarding hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and provided a blood sample for serum vitamin D assessments. For mechanistic cell culture studies, human monocytes were cultured with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS), estradiol, progesterone, and/or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; and transcriptional activity of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, B lymphocyte chemoattractant (BLC), and regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) was assessed. Results: HRT use (versus none) was associated with higher attachment levels and more teeth only among participants who were vitamin D sufficient (>20 ng/mL). The odds ratio for having moderate/severe periodontitis among users of HRT versus participants who did not use HRT was 0.69 among participants who were vitamin D sufficient and 1.19 in participants who were vitamin D deficient. LPS-induced IL-6, IL-1β, and BLC expression was attenuated in human monocytes treated with estrogen and progesterone. Downregulation of IL-6 expression by estrogen and progesterone was potentiated when vitamin D was included. LPS-induced IL-6 and RANTES expression was decreased, and BLC expression was totally reversed, by vitamin D treatment. Conclusions: The association between HRT and clinical periodontal measures was strongest among women with high vitamin D levels. This association is plausibly mediated via an anti-inflammatory transcriptional mechanism.
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| 21. |
- Jönsson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Periodontitis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 85:12, s. 1739-1747
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Several biologically plausible mechanisms have been proposed to mediate the association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD), including adverse effects on vascular endothelial function. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) are known to contribute to vascular repair, but limited data are available regarding the relationship between cEPC levels and periodontitis. The aims of this cross-sectional study are to investigate the levels of hemangioblastic and monocytic cEPCs in patients with periodontitis and periodontally healthy controls and to associate cEPC levels with the extent and severity of periodontitis. Methods: A total of 112 individuals (56 patients with periodontitis and 56 periodontally healthy controls, aged 26 to 65 years; mean age: 43 years) were enrolled. All participants underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination and provided a blood sample. Hemangioblastic cEPCs were assessed using flow cytometry, and monocytic cEPCs were identified using immunohistochemistry in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells. cEPC levels were analyzed in the entire sample, as well as in a subset of 50 pairs of patients with periodontitis/periodontally healthy controls, matched with respect to age, sex, and menstrual cycle. Results: Levels of hemangioblastic cEPCs were approximately 2.3-fold higher in patients with periodontitis than periodontally healthy controls, after adjustments for age, sex, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, and body mass index (P = 0.001). A non-significant trend for higher levels of monocytic cEPCs in periodontitis was also observed. The levels of hemangioblastic cEPCs were positively associated with the extent of bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment loss. Hemangioblastic and monocytic cEPC levels were not correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.03, P = 0.77), suggesting that they represent independent populations of progenitor cells. Conclusion: These findings further support the notion that oral infections have extraoral effects and document that periodontitis is associated with a mobilization of EPCs from the bone marrow, apparently in response to systemic inflammation and endothelial injury.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Larsson, Lena, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Interleukin-10 genotypes of the -1087 single nucleotide polymorphism influence Sp1 expression in periodontitis lesions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1943-3670 .- 0022-3492. ; 82:9, s. 1376-1382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an important cytokine in immune regulation, and the -1087 IL-10 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with chronic periodontitis. The binding of the transcription factor Sp1 to the -1087 position in the IL-10 promoter up-regulates IL-10 gene expression, especially in patients with the GG genotype. A correlation between the -1087 GG genotype and high IL-10 and Sp1 gene expressions was found. Methods: Twenty-five individuals with severe, generalized chronic periodontitis were genotyped for the -1087 IL-10 gene polymorphism. SV40 promoter factor 1/specificity protein 1 (Sp1) and IL-10 mRNA were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The amount of Sp1-positive cells and Sp1-positive B cells, as well as the amount of Sp1 protein, in periodontitis lesions were assessed using immunohistochemistry and in situ proximity ligation assay. Results: The mRNA expression of Sp1 and IL-10 in patients with the GG genotype was four times higher than that in patients with the AA genotype. The proportions of Sp1-positive cells overall and Sp1-positive B cells were larger in patients with the GG genotype than in patients with the AA genotype. Conclusions: The transcription factor Sp1 was present in large amounts in periodontitis lesions and the local expression of Sp1 was related to the -1087 IL-10 SNP.
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| 25. |
- Lindskog, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of an Algorithm for Chronic Periodontitis Risk Assessment and Prognostication : Analysis of an Inflammatory Reactivity Test and Selected Risk Predictors
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 81:6, s. 837-847
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with severe forms of chronic periodontitis present with varying degrees of decreased inflammatory reactivity. A previously reported algorithm for chronic periodontitis risk assessment and prognostication is based on the analysis of some 20 risk predictors. One of these predictors is a skin provocation test that assesses the individual patient's reactivity to a lipid A challenge. The aim of this report was to analyze results from validation data for the algorithm with respect to the contribution of results of the skin provocation test as a risk predictor for the progression of chronic periodontitis and to compare these results with the contribution from other predictors, namely smoking, angular bony destruction, furcation involvement, abutment teeth, and endodontic pathology. Methods: Data from a previously reported clinical validation sample were used for the analysis, including the calculation of quality measures and explanatory values using different types of regression analysis and non-parametric testing. Results: Smoking, endodontic pathology, abutment teeth, angular bony destruction, and furcation involvement presented with individual explanatory values for periodontitis progression between 4% and 13% and highly significant parameter estimates. Explanatory values for the results of the skin provocation test ranged between 2.6% and 5.1% depending on the disease severity group, with a positive predictive value of 82% for the identification of high-risk patients. Conclusion: The skin provocation test provided a clinically significant contribution to the quality of analysis with the periodontitis risk and prognostication algorithm, in particular in the selection of high-risk patients for in-depth individual tooth analysis.
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| 26. |
- Lindskog, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of an Algorithm for Chronic Periodontitis Risk Assessment and Prognostication: Risk Predictors, Explanatory Values, Measures of Quality, and Clinical Use
- 2010
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY. - : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 81:4, s. 584-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The American Academy of Periodontology has recently stated that, "[risk assessment will become] increasingly important in periodontal treatment planning and should be part of every comprehensive dental and periodontal evaluation." (J Periodontol 2006;77:1608). Unaided risk assessment and prognostication show significant variability because chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial disease. This report summarizes the clinical validation of an algorithm for chronic periodontitis risk assessment and prognostication. The algorithm is a Web-based analytic tool that integrates some 20 risk predictors and calculates scores indicating levels of risk for chronic periodontitis for the dentition (Level I) and, if an elevated risk is found, prognosticates disease progression tooth by tooth (Level II). Methods: An independent clinical validation sample was generated in an open, prospective clinical trial and analyzed in a predetermined validation plan. Results: The analyses identified two threshold scores above which significant progression of periodontitis was found. Based on these scores, sufficiently high explanatory values with significant and increasing parameter estimates for increasing risk were established in Level I, justifying detailed analysis tooth by tooth in Level II. Subsequent prognostication of chronic periodontitis in Level II was found to be accompanied by clinically relevant measures of quality in relation to rates of disease progression. Three score intervals representing increasing levels of periodontitis progression were identified corresponding to increasing levels of significant annual marginal bone loss. Conclusions: The predictors included in the algorithm reflect a relevant selection for periodontitis risk assessment. Risk assessment and prognostication with the algorithm provides the clinician with a validated, reliable, consistent, and objective tool supporting treatment planning.
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| 27. |
- Lönn, Johanna, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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High Concentration but Low Activity of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Periodontitis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - Chicago, USA : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 85:1, s. 113-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: High levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a healing factor with regenerative and cytoprotective effects, are associated with inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis. HGF biological activity requires binding to its receptors, the proto-oncogene c-Met (c-Met) and heparan sulphate proteoglycan (HSPG). Here we investigated HGF expression and its relationship to subgingival microbiota in medically healthy individuals with and without periodontitis.Methods: Saliva, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and blood samples from 30 patients with severe periodontitis and 30 healthy controls were analyzed for HGF concentration using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and binding affinity for HSPG and c-Met using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The regenerative effects of saliva from three patients and controls were analyzed in an in vitro model of cell injury. Subgingival plaques were analyzed for the presence of 18 bacterial species.Results: Patients with periodontitis showed higher HGF concentrations in saliva, GCF, and serum (P < 0.001); however, the binding affinities for HSPG and c-Met were reduced in GCF and saliva (P < 0.002). In contrast to the controls, saliva from patients showed no significant regenerative effect over time on gingival epithelial cells. Compared to controls, patients had a higher prevalence of periodontal-related bacteria.Conclusion: Higher circulatory HGF levels indicate a systemic effect of periodontitis. However, the HGF biological activity at local inflammation sites was reduced, and this effect was associated with the amount of periodontal bacteria. Loss of function of healing factors may be an important mechanism in degenerative processes in periodontally susceptible individuals.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Persson, G. Rutger, et al.
(författare)
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Microbiologic results after non-surgical erbium-doped yttrium, aluminum, and garnet laser or air-abrasive treatment of peri-implantitis
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 82:9, s. 1267-1278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The purpose of this study is to assess clinical and microbiologic effects of the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis lesions using either an erbium-doped: yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser or an air-abrasive subgingival polishing method. Methods: In a 6-month clinical trial, 42 patients with peri-implantitis were treated at one time with an Er: YAG laser or an air-abrasive device. Routine clinical methods were used to monitor clinical conditions. Baseline and 6-month intraoral radiographs were assessed with a software program. The checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method was used to assess 74 bacterial species from the site with the deepest probing depth (PD) at the implant. Non-parametric tests were applied to microbiology data. Results: PD reductions (mean +/- SD) were 0.9 +/- 0.8 mm and 0.8 +/- 0.5 mm in the laser and air-abrasive groups, respectively (not significant). No baseline differences in bacterial counts between groups were found. In the air-abrasive group, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus anaerobius were found at lower counts at 1 month after therapy (P<0.001) and with lower counts in the laser group for Fusobacterium nucleatum naviforme (P=0.002), and Fusobacterium nucleatum nucleatum (P=0.002). Both treatments failed to reduce bacterial counts at 6 months. Porphyromonas gingivalis counts were higher in cases with progressive peri-implantitis (P<0.001). Conclusions: At 1 month, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and S. anaerobius were reduced in the air-abrasive group, and Fusobacterium spp. were reduced in the laser group. Six-month data demonstrated that both methods failed to reduce bacterial counts. Clinical improvements were limited.
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| 30. |
- Persson, Rutger, et al.
(författare)
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Microbiologic results after Non-surgical Erbium-doped:Yttrium, aluminum, and garnet laser or Air-abrasive treatment of Peri-implantitis : A randomized clinical trial
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 82:9, s. 1267-1278
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The purpose of this study is to assess clinical and microbiologic effects of the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis lesions using either an erbium-doped:yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser or an air-abrasive subgingival polishing method. Methods: In a 6-month clinical trial, 42 patients with periimplantitis were treated at one time with an Er:YAG laser or an air-abrasive device. Routine clinical methods were used to monitor clinical conditions. Baseline and 6-month intraoral radiographs were assessed with a software program. The checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method was used to assess 74 bacterial species from the site with the deepest probing depth (PD) at the implant. Non-parametric tests were applied to microbiology data. Results: PD reductions (mean - SD) were 0.9 - 0.8 mm and 0.8 - 0.5 mm in the laser and air-abrasive groups, respectively (not significant). No baseline differences in bacterial counts between groupswere found. In the air-abrasive group, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, andStaphylococcus anaerobius were found at lower counts at 1 month after therapy (P <0.001) and with lower counts in the laser group for Fusobacteriumnucleatumnaviforme( P = 0.002), and Fusobacterium nucleatum nucleatum (P = 0.002). Both treatments failed to reduce bacterial counts at 6 months. Porphyromonas gingivalis counts were higher in cases with progressive peri-implantitis (P <0.001). Conclusions: At 1 month, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and S. anaerobius were reduced in the air-abrasive group, and Fusobacterium spp. were reduced in the laser group. Six-month data demonstrated that both methods failed to reduce bacterial counts. Clinical improvements were limited.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Renvert, Stefan, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Periodontitis : a future risk of acute coronary syndrome?: A follow-up study over 3 years
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 81:7, s. 992-1000
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Periodontitis has been associated with cardiovascular disease. We assess if the recurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) could be predicted by preceding medical and periodontal conditions. Methods: A total of 165 consecutive subjects with ACS and 159 medically healthy, matched control subjects were examined and followed for 3 years. Periodontitis was defined by alveolar bone loss. Subgingival microbial samples were studied by the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. Results: The recurrence of ACS was found in 66 of 165 (40.0%) subjects, and a first ACS event was found in seven of 159 (4.4%) subjects among baseline control subjects. Subjects who later had a second ACS event were older (P<0.001). Significantly higher serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (P <0.05), creatinine (P <0.01), and white blood cell (WBC) counts (P <0.001) were found in subjects with future ACS. Periodontitis was associated with a first event of ACS (crude odds ratio [OR]: 10.3:1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.1 to 17.4; P <0.001) and the recurrence of ACS (crude OR: 3.6:1; 95% CI: 2.0 to 6.6; P <0.001). General linear modeling multivariate analysis, controlling for age and the prediction of a future ACS event, identified that WBC counts (F = 20.6; P <0.001), periodontitis (F = 17.6; P <0.001), and serum creatinine counts (F = 4.5; P<0.05) were explanatory of a future ACS event. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that recurrent ACS events are predicted by serum WBC counts, serum creatinine levels, and a diagnosis of periodontitis. Significantly higher counts of putative pathogens are found in subjects with ACS, but these counts do not predict future ACS events.
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| 34. |
- Renvert, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Periodontitis : a future risk of acute coronary syndrome?: A follow-up study over 3 years
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons Inc.. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 81:7, s. 992-1000
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Periodontitis has been associated with cardiovascular disease. We assess if the recurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) could be predicted by preceding medical and periodontal conditions. Methods: A total of 165 consecutive subjects with ACS and 159 medically healthy, matched control subjects were examined and followed for 3 years. Periodontitis was defined by alveolar bone loss. Subgingival microbial samples were studied by the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. Results: The recurrence of ACS was found in 66 of 165 (40.0%) subjects, and a first ACS event was found in seven of 159 (4.4%) subjects among baseline control subjects. Subjects who later had a second ACS event were older (P<0.001). Significantly higher serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (P <0.05), creatinine (P <0.01), and white blood cell (WBC) counts (P <0.001) were found in subjects with future ACS. Periodontitis was associated with a first event of ACS (crude odds ratio [OR]: 10.3:1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.1 to 17.4; P <0.001) and the recurrence of ACS (crude OR: 3.6:1; 95% CI: 2.0 to 6.6; P <0.001). General linear modeling multivariate analysis, controlling for age and the prediction of a future ACS event, identified that WBC counts (F = 20.6; P <0.001), periodontitis (F = 17.6; P <0.001), and serum creatinine counts (F = 4.5; P<0.05) were explanatory of a future ACS event. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that recurrent ACS events are predicted by serum WBC counts, serum creatinine levels, and a diagnosis of periodontitis. Significantly higher counts of putative pathogens are found in subjects with ACS, but these counts do not predict future ACS events.
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| 35. |
- Renvert, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Tooth loss and periodontitis in older individuals : results from the Swedish national study on aging and care.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 84:8, s. 1134-1144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Due to the increasing number of older people, there is a need for studies focused on this population. The aims of the present study are to assess oral and systemic conditions in individuals aged 60 to 95 years with access to dental insurance. Methods: Probing depths (PDs), tooth loss, alveolar bone levels, and systemic health were studied among a representative cohort of older individuals. Results: A total of 1,147 individuals in young-old (aged 60 or 67 years), old (aged 72 or 78 years), and old-old (aged ≥81 years) age groups were enrolled, including 200 individuals who were edentulous, in this study. Annual dental care was received by 82% of dentate individuals. Systemic diseases were common (diabetes: 5.8%; cardiovascular diseases: 20.7%; obesity: 71.2%; elevated C-reactive protein [CRP]: 98.4%). Serum CRP values were unrelated to periodontal conditions. Rates of periodontitis, defined as ≥30% of sites with a distance from cemento-enamel junction to bone of ≥5 mm, were 11.2% in women in the young-old age group and 44.9% in men in the old-old age group. Individuals in older age groups had a higher likelihood of periodontitis defined by bone loss and cutoff levels of PD ≥5 mm (odds ratio: 1.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.2 to 2.5; P <0.01). A total of 7% of individuals in the old-old age group had ≥20 teeth and no periodontitis. Systemic diseases, dental use, or smoking were not explanatory, whereas age and sex were explanatory for periodontitis. Conclusions: The prevalence of periodontitis increased with age. Sex seems to be the dominant explanatory factor for periodontitis in older individuals. Despite frequent dental visits, overall oral health in the oldest age cohort was poor.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Sayardoust, Shariel, et al.
(författare)
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Implant survival and marginal bone loss at turned and oxidized implants in periodontitis-susceptible smokers and never-smokers : A retrospective, clinical, radiographic case-control study
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 84:12, s. 1775-1782
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Little is known about the long-term outcome of oxidized surface oral implants, especially in periodontitis-susceptible smokers. The aim of this study is to determine implant survival and marginal bone loss at turned and oxidized implants in smokers and never-smokers with periodontitis.Methods: Forty smokers and 40 never-smokers with experience of advanced periodontal disease, treated with implants 5 years previously, are included in this study. Groups were matched for sex, oral hygiene, and implant distribution, and patients were subgrouped by implant surface type (turned or oxidized).Results: The overall implant survival rate was 96.9% in never-smokers and 89.6% in smokers. Compared with oxidized implants, turned implants failed more frequently in smokers. In smokers, mean (standard error of the mean) marginal bone loss at 5 years was 1.54 (0.21) mm at turned and 1.16 (0.24) mm at oxidized implants. In never-smokers, significantly greater bone loss was found at oxidized implants, 1.26 (0.15) mm, than at turned implants, 0.84 (0.14) mm. Oxidized implants demonstrated similar bone loss for both groups. Turned implants lost significantly more bone in smokers. Compared with never-smokers, the smokers' likelihood ratio for implant failure was 4.68, 6.40 for turned and 0.00 for oxidized implants.Conclusions: The results of the study underscore the need for prevention and cessation of smoking. Turned implants failed more frequently and lost more marginal bone in smokers. In contrast, oxidized implants showed similar failure rates and bone loss in smokers and never-smokers. Turned implants displayed less bone loss than oxidized implants in never-smokers. Oxidized surface implants are more suitable for patients susceptible to periodontitis who smoke.
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| 40. |
- Slotte, Christer, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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A randomized study of open-flap surgery of 32 intrabony defects with and without adjunct bovine bone mineral treatment
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 83:8, s. 999-1007
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Bovine bone mineral (BBM) is extensively used as a filler material in periodontal reconstructive surgery of intrabony defects. Data are mostly available on the combined use of BBM with other biomaterials. The aim of this study is to evaluate healing after open-flap debridement (OF) of intrabony periodontal defects alone or with adjunct treatment with BBM.Methods: After initial treatment, 32 patients with 32 intrabony periodontal defects participated in the study. Full-thickness flaps were raised and root surfaces and defects were debrided. Patients were then randomly assigned to treatment groups, either OF alone or combined with defect fill with BBM, and followed in a strict postoperative maintenance care program for 12 months.Results: At 12 months, a mean ± SE gingival recession of 1.1 ± 0.3 mm in OF and 0.9 ± 0.4 mm in BBM occurred. Probing depth reduction was 4.0 ± 0.5 mm in OF and 3.2 ± 0.7 mm in BBM. Gain in clinical attachment level was 2.8 ± 0.6 mm in OF and 2.3 ± 0.8 mm in BBM. Probing bone level was reduced by 2.7 ± 0.7 mm in OF and 1.8 ± 1.1 mm in BBM. None of the above parameters showed significant intergroup differences. In contrast, radiographic defect depth change was significantly greater in BBM (3.4 ± 2.3 mm) than in OF (1.9 ± 1.7 mm).Conclusions: Both treatments resulted in improved periodontal conditions. The adjunctive use of BBM in this study did not enhance the clinical result compared to OF alone.
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| 41. |
- Starkhammar Johansson, Carin, et al.
(författare)
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Periodontitis in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: An 8-Year Follow-Up
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 85:3, s. 417-425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study examines whether preceding assessment of periodontal status in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) can predict future CAD endpoints (myocardial infarction, new revascularization procedure, or CAD-related death) during 8-year follow-up and whether the changes in periodontal status over time differ in patients with CAD compared with healthy controls. Methods: In 2003, periodontal status was examined in 161 patients with CAD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft due to significant stenosis in the coronary arteries and 162 controls without CAD. Eight years later, 126 patients with CAD (102 males and 24 females, mean age: 68 -8.9 years) and 121 controls (101 males and 20 females, mean age: 69 -9.0 years) were reexamined periodontally. A standard classification of periodontal disease in three groups (mild, moderate, and severe) was used. CAD endpoints during follow-up were obtained by review of medical records. CAD as cause of death was confirmed from the Swedish Cause of Death Register. Results: No significant differences were found among patients with CAD, with or without CAD-related endpoints at 8-year follow-up, and severity of periodontitis at baseline (P = 0.7). CAD did not influence the incidence or severity of periodontitis. Significant differences were found at the final examination in periodontitis prevalence and severity (P = 0.001), number of teeth (P = 0.006), probing depth 4 to 6 mm (P = 0.016), bleeding on probing (P = 0.001), and radiographic bone level (P = 0.042) between CAD patients and controls, all in favor of controls. Conclusions: The study results did not show a significant association during 8 years among CAD endpoints and periodontal status at baseline. The progression of periodontitis was low in both groups, although the higher proportion of individuals with severe periodontitis among patients with CAD compared with controls remained unchanged over the 8-year follow-up. Further long-term prospective studies are needed to show whether periodontitis can be considered a risk or prognostic factor for CAD, in terms of endpoints including myocardial infarction, new revascularization procedure, and CAD-related death.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Tonetti, Maurizio S, et al.
(författare)
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Periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease : consensus report of the Joint EFP/AAP Workshop on Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons Inc.. - 1943-3670 .- 0022-3492. ; 84:4 Suppl, s. S24-S29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: This consensus report is concerned with the association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease caused by microorganisms and characterized by progressive destruction of the tooth supporting apparatus leading to tooth loss; as such, it is a major public health issue. AIMS: This report examined biological plausibility, epidemiology and early results from intervention trials. PLAUSIBILITY: Periodontitis leads to entry of bacteria in the blood stream. The bacteria activate the host inflammatory response by multiple mechanisms. The host immune response favors atheroma formation, maturation and exacerbation. Epidemiology: In longitudinal studies assessing incident cardiovascular events, statistically significant excess risk for ACVD was reported in individuals with periodontitis. This was independent of established cardiovascular risk factors. The amount of the adjusted excess risk varies by type of cardiovascular outcome and across populations by age and gender. Given the high prevalence of periodontitis, even low to moderate excess risk is important from a public health perspective. Intervention: There is moderate evidence that periodontal treatment: (i) reduces systemic inflammation as evidenced by reduction in C-reactive protein (CRP) and improvement of both clinical and surrogate measures of endothelial function; but (ii) there is no effect on lipid profiles--supporting specificity. Limited evidence shows improvements in coagulation, biomarkers of endothelial cell activation, arterial blood pressure and subclinical atherosclerosis after periodontal therapy. The available evidence is consistent and speaks for a contributory role of periodontitis to ACVD. There are no periodontal intervention studies on primary ACVD prevention and there is only one feasibility study on secondary ACVD prevention. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that: (i) there is consistent and strong epidemiologic evidence that periodontitis imparts increased risk for future cardiovascular disease; and (ii) while in vitro, animal and clinical studies do support the interaction and biological mechanism, intervention trials to date are not adequate to draw further conclusions. Well-designed intervention trials on the impact of periodontal treatment on prevention of ACVD hard clinical outcomes are needed.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Wohlfahrt, Johan C., et al.
(författare)
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Microcomputed tomographic and histologic analysis of animal experimental degree II furcation defects treated with porous titanium granules or deproteinized bovine bone
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 83, s. 211-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Titaniumis an interesting material for osseous reconstruction given its thrombogenic properties. The aim of this study is to compare the potential of porous titaniumgranules (PTGs) with sham and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) in the reconstructive treatment of surgically created buccal, degree II furcation defects in mini-pigs. Methods: Buccal degree II furcation defects were surgically created in maxillary premolar teeth in adult, female, mini-pigs and filled with PTG or DBBM or were left empty (sham). After 6 weeks of healing, pigs were euthanized. Teeth with defects were excised en bloc and analyzed by microcomputed tomography (microCT) and histology. Results: The histologic analysis showed significantly more vertical bone formation in both PTG and sham groups compared to DBBM-treated defects (P <0.01). The microCT analysis showed significantly more bucco-palatal bone formation in furcations treated with PTG compared to the DBBM and sham (P <0.05). Bucco-palatal cylindrical microCT cores demonstrated a median defect fill of 96.8% for PTG-implanted defects, which was significantly greater than sham (72.2%) and DBBM (62.0%) (P <0.001) treatments. Significantly more regenerated periodontal ligament was seen for sham than DBBM-treated defects (P <0.05). Root resorption lacunae were small and infrequent and did not differ among groups. Conclusions: The results of this study in mini-pigs suggest that PTG may integrate well in alveolar bone and supports osseous regrowth in degree II furcation defects. Moreover, PTG seems safe to use in close proximity to root surfaces. Clinical studies will be necessary to further explore these experimental animal findings.
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| 47. |
- Wohlfahrt, Johan Caspar, et al.
(författare)
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Porous titanium granules in the treatment of mandibular class ii furcation defects: A consecutive case series
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 83:1, s. 61-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The osteoconductive potential of titanium is interesting from the perspective of periodontal surgery and reconstitution of osseous defects. The aim of the present consecutive case series is to evaluate a surgical strategy based on the use of porous titanium granules (PTG) in the treatment of Class II buccal furcation defects in mandibular molars in humans. Methods: Surgical intervention with PTG used as a bone graft substitute was performed in 10 patients with 10 mandibular Class II buccal furcation defects. Clinical parameters (probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and horizontal and vertical bone sounding) and radiographicmeasurements of vertical furcation height were compared among baseline (presurgery), 6, and 12 months (post-surgery). The significance level (a) was set at 0.05. Results: With respect to vertical and horizontal bone sounding measurements, CAL, and GR, no significant improvements between baseline and the 12-month examination were seen. Both PD and radiographic vertical furcation height were significantly reduced between baseline and 12 months. When comparing the baseline to 12-month data, a significantly lower GI score was seen but the BOP score was unchanged. None of the treated teeth showed radiographic signs of root resorption. Conclusion: This study suggests that PTG is safe to use in close proximity to root surfaces, but no significant improvements in clinical endpoints of defect resolution were observed. J Periodontol 2012;83:61-69.
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- Zetterqvist, L., et al.
(författare)
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A prospective, multicenter, randomized-controlled 5-year study of hybrid and fully etched implants for the incidence of peri-implantitis.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1943-3670 .- 0022-3492. ; 81:4, s. 493-501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dual acid-etched (DAE) implant was commercially introduced in 1996 with a hybrid design incorporating a machined surface in the coronal region from approximately the third thread to the seating surface. This design was intended to reduce the risks of peri-implantitis and other related soft tissue complications that were reported for implants with surface roughness in the coronal region. The objective of this prospective, randomized-controlled clinical trial was to determine the incidence of peri-implantitis for a fully etched implant with the DAE surface extending to the implant platform.
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