SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Utökad sökning

Träfflista för sökning "L773:0091 6749 OR L773:1097 6825 srt2:(1995-1999)"

Sökning: L773:0091 6749 OR L773:1097 6825 > (1995-1999)

  • Resultat 1-50 av 65
Sortera/gruppera träfflistan
   
NumreringReferensOmslagsbildHitta
1.
  • Almqvist, C, et al. (författare)
  • School as a risk environment for children allergic to cats and a site for transfer of cat allergen to homes
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 103:6, s. 1012-1017
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Many children are allergic to furred pets and avoid direct pet contact. The school may be a site of indirect exposure to pet allergens, which may induce or maintain symptoms of allergic diseases.OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate airborne levels of cat allergen (Fel d 1) at schools and in homes with or without cats and to study clothes as a route for dissemination of allergens between homes and school.METHODS: Airborne cat allergen was collected with personal samplers from (1) children attending classes with many (>25%) or few (<10%) cat owners and (2) homes with or without cats. A recently developed amplified ELISA assay, which detects low levels of airborne cat allergen in pet-free environments, was used. Dust samples were collected from clothes and mattresses.RESULTS: There was a 5-fold difference in the median levels of airborne cat allergen between classes with many and few cat owners (2.94 vs 0.59 ng/m3; P <.001). The median airborne cat allergen concentration in classes with many cat owners was significantly higher than that found in the homes of non-cat owners (P <.001) but lower than that found in homes with cats (P <.001). Allergen levels in non-cat owners' clothes increased after a school day (P <.001). Non-cat owners in classes with many cat owners had higher levels of mattress-bound cat allergen (P =.01).CONCLUSION: The results indicate significant exposure to cat allergen at school. Allergen is spread through clothing from homes with cats to classrooms. There the allergen is dispersed in air and contaminates the clothes of children without cats. The allergen levels in non-cat owners' homes correlate with exposure to cat allergen at school.
  •  
2.
  • Håkansson, Lena, et al. (författare)
  • Priming of eosinophil adhesion in patients with birch pollen allergy during pollen season : effect of immunotherapy
  • 1997
  • Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 99:4, s. 551-562
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The adhesion of eosinophil granulocytes to E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was investigated before and during birch pollen season in 24 patients allergic to birch pollen who had rhinoconjunctivitis and, in half of the cases, asthma during season. Half of the patients were undergoing specific immunotherapy for birch pollen allergy. Increased adhesion to VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 (p < 0.05) during season as compared with before season was demonstrated by eosinophils of patients in the control group and by eosinophils of the patients without asthma treated with immunotherapy, but not by eosinophils from the immunotherapy-treated patients with asthma. Eosinophils from the control group of patients demonstrated increased cell surface expression of CD18 and CD49d (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) during season as compared with before season, and eosinophils from the immunotherapy-treated patients showed increased cell surface expression of CD49d (p < 0.01) during season. Simultaneous measurement of neutrophil adhesion revealed increased adhesion to E-selectin and ICAM-1 (p < 0.01) during season compared with before season in the immunotherapy-treated group of patients. Neutrophils from the control subjects without asthma showed increased adhesion to E-selectin (p < 0.05) during season. In conclusion, eosinophils from patients allergic to birch pollen demonstrated priming of the adhesion to VCAM-1 to ICAM-1 during birch pollen season. Immunotherapy treatment prevented the priming of eosinophil adhesion during pollen season in the patients allergic to birch pollen who had asthma, but not in those without asthma. In contrast, neutrophils from the immunotherapy-treated patients, both with and without asthma, demonstrated priming of the adhesion to E-selectin and ICAM-1 during season. The latter results indicate that immunotherapy, in case of the patients allergic to birch pollen with asthma induced a shift from the production of primarily eosinophil priming agents to primarily neutrophil priming agents, which may be caused by a shift from Th2 to Th1 lymphocytes.
  •  
3.
  • Laitinen, Lauri A., et al. (författare)
  • Bronchial biopsy findings in intermittent or "early" asthma
  • 1996
  • Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 98:5 Pt 2, s. S3-6, discussion S33-40
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Bronchial biopsy specimens from subjects with intermittent or "early" asthma were compared with specimens taken from healthy subjects. Patients with early asthma included those with seasonal asthma and occupational asthma. There was a small but statistically significant increase in the thickness of the subepithelial extracellular matrix protein tenascin in subjects with seasonal and occupational asthma compared with control subjects. Collagen types IV and VII were increased only in patients with occupational asthma. Eosinophils were the only inflammatory cells that were significantly increased in subjects with seasonal asthma compared with control subjects. These data show that inflammation is present in the airways of patients with early asthma, and the increase in tenascin expression in the basement membrane zone suggests that structural changes are also initiated at an early stage of the disease.
  •  
4.
  • Björkstén, Bengt (författare)
  • The intrauterine and postnatal environments
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 104:6, s. 1119-1127
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Pregnancy is associated with a strong skewing toward T(H)2 cytokine pattern, which enables the survival of the fetus, including fetal allergen-specific immune responses, The postnatal maturation of the immune system which is characterized by the development of a balanced T(H)1/T(H)2 immunity is genetically determined and modified by the environment. The process seems to proceed at a slower rate in atopic than in nonatopic infants. There is a close immunologic interaction between the mother and her offspring through the breast milk. Individual variations in the composition of human milk may el,plain the controversy with regard to the possible allergy-preventive effects of breast-feeding. Recurrent respiratory infections have been suggested to enhance immune deviation. The microbial flora are a more likely source, however, because they are a major driving force in the maturation of the immune system. Changes in its composition, as a consequence of an altered lifestyle and diet, may play a role in the higher prevalence of allergy. So far, primary prevention of allergy has failed. Future studies should therefore focus on factors enhancing immune deviation (ie, "success" factors) rather than on "risk" factors. The intestinal microflora is one of these factors that deserves closer analysis.
  •  
5.
  •  
6.
  • Jenmalm, Maria, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Exposure to cow's milk during the first 3 months of life is associated with increased levels of IgG subclass antibodies to beta-lactoglobulin to 8 years
  • 1998
  • Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 102, s. 671-678
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Exposure to allergens early in life influences the development of allergen-specific immune responses. In animal models, the development of tolerance to proteins delivered to the gastrointestinal and the respiratory mucosa is influenced by age and genetic background. Late introduction of cow's milk in infants is associated with slower increase and lower peak IgG antibody responses to milk during early childhood, but the long-term effects have not been investigated, nor is the relation to atopic disease later in life clear. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of IgG subclass antibodies to beta-lactoglobulin in relation to early exposure to cow's milk, atopic heredity, and the development of atopic disease. METHODS: IgG subclass antibodies to beta-lactoglobulin were analyzed by ELISA at birth, at 6 and 18 months, and at 8 years in 96 children followed prospectively. RESULTS: The levels of IgG subclass antibodies to beta-lactoglobulin peaked in early childhood and then declined up to 8 years of age. Exposure to cow's milk during the first 3 months of life was associated with high IgG subclass antibody levels to beta-lactoglobulin up to 8 years, particularly in children with maternal atopy. Children with atopic symptoms and sensitivity to allergens often had high levels of IgG4 antibodies to beta-lactoglobulin at 8 years of age, even if they were not exposed to cow's milk during the first 3 months of life. Furthermore, atopic dermatitis was associated with high levels of IgG subclass antibodies to beta-lactoglobulin in early childhood. CONCLUSIONS: IgG subclass antibody levels to milk peak during early infancy, with particularly high levels in children with atopic dermatitis, and decline thereafter. Exposure to cow's milk during early infancy has long-lasting effects on the humoral antigen-specific responses, indicating less effective tolerance-inducing mechanisms in the intestinal mucosa during the first months of life.
  •  
7.
  •  
8.
  •  
9.
  •  
10.
  •  
11.
  •  
12.
  •  
13.
  •  
14.
  •  
15.
  •  
16.
  •  
17.
  •  
18.
  •  
19.
  •  
20.
  •  
21.
  •  
22.
  •  
23.
  •  
24.
  •  
25.
  •  
26.
  •  
27.
  •  
28.
  •  
29.
  •  
30.
  •  
31.
  •  
32.
  •  
33.
  •  
34.
  •  
35.
  •  
36.
  •  
37.
  •  
38.
  •  
39.
  •  
40.
  •  
41.
  •  
42.
  •  
43.
  •  
44.
  • Emenius, G, et al. (författare)
  • Dispersion of horse allergen (Equ c 1).
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. - 0091-6749. ; 103:1, s. S180-S180
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
  •  
45.
  •  
46.
  •  
47.
  • Erjefält, Jonas, et al. (författare)
  • Cytolysis and piecemeal degranulation as distinct modes of activation of airway mucosal eosinophils
  • 1998
  • Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - 1097-6825. ; 102:2, s. 286-294
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Cytotoxic eosinophil granule proteins are considered important in the pathogenesis of inflammatory airway diseases, including asthma, rhinitis, and polyposis. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in the deposition of these tissue-damaging granular products in vivo. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the occurrence of degranulating eosinophils, those with morphologic evidence of cytolysis with associated clusters of free eosinophil granules (Cfegs), and to identify the frequency of apoptotic eosinophils in inflamed upper airway tissue. METHODS: Eosinophil-rich nasal polyps were processed for transmission electron microscopy and for light microscopic evaluation of whole-mount preparations subjected to deep tissue staining for eosinophil peroxidase. RESULTS: The mean proportion of eosinophil subtypes were intact and resting (6.8%), intact but degranulating (83%), cytolytic or Cfegs (9.9%), and apoptotic (0.0%). All degranulating eosinophils exhibited piecemeal degranulation. The occurrence of Cfegs was confirmed in nonsectioned whole-mount preparations. Depending on the appearance of their core and matrix, the specific granules were divided into four subtypes, and a degranulation index (altered per total granules) was calculated for each eosinophil. Cytolytic eosinophils had a much lower degranulation index than intact eosinophils present in the same tissue (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that eosinophil cytolysis is present in human airway mucosa, that its occurrence is not an artifact of the means of tissue handling, and that cytolysis of eosinophils may occur without prior extensive degranulation. We suggest that eosinophil cytolysis is a major activation mechanism, which occurs along with, but is distinct from, other types of degranulation.
  •  
48.
  •  
49.
  •  
50.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Resultat 1-50 av 65

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy