| 1. |
- Anuradha, Chandrasekar, et al.
(författare)
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Losses and Efficiency Calculation for Multi-Port Converter
- 2022
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : AIP Publishing. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 2516
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, a multi-port non-isolated SEPIC converter is analysed for integrating with the renewable energy source and also losses and efficiency are calculated. The proposed converter utilizes a single stage power conversion, thereby providing higher energy efficiency. The proposed structure comprises of a combination of Pulsating Voltage Cells (PVC) and Pulsating Voltage Source Cell (PVSC) on the input side and a Pulsating Voltage Load Cell (PVLC) on the output side. The two topologies involved are Multi Input Single Output (MISO) and Multi Input Multiple Output (MIMO) which are bidirectional. The efficiency of the proposed multi-port converter has been calculated by determining the switching stress of the power electronic switches used. The proposed multi-port SEPIC converter considers the entire system to be a single-stage converter, and promises higher energy efficiency.
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| 2. |
- Ashyraliyev, Maksat, et al.
(författare)
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A note on the hyperbolic-parabolic identification problem with nonlocal conditions
- 2021
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : AIP Publishing. - 0094-243X .- 1551-7616. ; 2334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present paper, we study a source identification problem for hyperbolic-parabolic equation with nonlocal conditions. The stability estimates for the solution of this source identification problem are established. Furthermore, we construct the second order of accuracy difference scheme for the approximate solution of the problem under consideration. The stability estimates for the solution of this difference scheme are presented.
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| 3. |
- Ashyraliyev, Maksat, et al.
(författare)
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On the source identification problem for hyperbolic-parabolic equation with nonlocal conditions
- 2021
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : AIP Publishing. - 0094-243X .- 1551-7616. ; 2325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present paper, we establish the well-posedness of an identification problem for determining the unknown space-dependent source term in the hyperbolic-parabolic equation with nonlocal conditions. The difference scheme is constructed for the approximate solution of this source identification problem. The stability estimates for the solution of the difference scheme are presented.
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| 4. |
- Chaudhary, Shilpi, et al.
(författare)
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Adsorption of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propionitrile on a rutile TiO2(110) surface : An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study
- 2020
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Ingår i: DAE Solid State Physics Symposium 2019. - : AIP Publishing. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. - 9780735420250 ; 2265
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorption of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propionitrile (TESP) on a reduced rutile TiO2(110) surface has been investigated using synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). We have studied TESP adsorption on two surface preparation of rutile TiO2 (110) to explore the role of surface defects. In the first preparation, the adsorption of TESP was studied on reduced TiO2 (110) surface at room temperature. In the second experiment TESP was adsorbed on the oxygen-treated TiO2 surface to quench the oxygen vacancies generated by UHVannealing of the TiO2 crystal. The molecular footprints of the TESP molecules confirms the adsorption on both types of TiO2(110) surfaces. In the case of the reduced surface, temperature-dependent XPS measurements show the thermal stability of TESP molecules up to 600 °C. The comparison of the nitrogen and carbon lineshapes for both preparations suggests different adsorption geometries on the reduced and oxygen-dosed surfaces. To the best of our knowledge, the UHV preparations and measurements of TESP adsorption on rutile TiO2 (110) in the present study are reported for the first time.
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| 5. |
- Ewaid, Salam H., et al.
(författare)
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Acute toxicity of the water chlorinationbyproduct (chloroform) in male mice
- 2020
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - USA : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0094-243X .- 1551-7616. ; 2290:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drinking water disinfection has been one of the biggest advances in public health. However, animal studies have suggested that when tested at high concentrations, certain disinfection byproducts disinfection (DBPs) in drinking water can cause an increased incidence of cancer and reproductive effects. In this study, sixty male white mice were kept under the laboratory conditions, divided into six exposure groups and administrated with single oral dose 0, 50, 300, 700, 1000 or 1500 mg/kg BW chloroform dissolves in corn oil as a vehicle. Clinical observations and gross pathologic examination made after dosing on surviving died, and animals that were killed on the 7th day. At end of 14 days, animal weights were recorded, liver and kidneys removed, weigh and examined with the naked eye then it was fixed in 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin (NBF), transfer to 70% ethanol and included in paraffin. Tissue parts were cut 4-5 μm soiled with hematoxylin and eosin. Clinical signs observed at high doses consisted of behavioral effects, reduced body weight, livers and kidneys were congested, enlarged and their weights increased. Liver damage was characterized mainly through centrilobular necrosis and massive necrosis at higher doses. The kidney damage containing raised kidney weight, inflammation, renal cell proliferation and proximal tubular necrosis. Lethal dose causes death in 50% of exposed animals (LD 50) value calculated by the probit analysis was 550 mg/kg Body Weight (BW).
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| 6. |
- Hamid, Akram Abdul, et al.
(författare)
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Choice of Indoor Standard in Hygrothermal Simulations of External Walls – Three Swedish Case Studies
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 0094-243X. ; 2918
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- When assessing the moisture damage risks of different external wall designs using hygrothermal simulation software, the user of said software can choose between different inputs for the determination of the indoor climate. This paper aims to compare results from field measurements in three Swedish buildings using different standards available in a widely used commercial hygrothermal simulation software, WUFI Pro. In this project, field measurements on external walls were conducted before the implementation of interior insulation. Measurements were conducted indoors, outdoors, and on the exterior and interior surfaces of the external walls. Comparing measurement and simulation results shows that on-site measurements give more accurate modelling of an existing external wall. However, the results also show that, when needed, any of the current standards can be used as replacements for actual measurements regarding indoor air temperature. The comparisons show that the most accurate results regarding the relative humidity are generated when ASHRAE Standard 160 is applied with an intermediate approach and a higher air change rate than in the nominal case. However, several parameters must be known for such an approach, such as the actual air change rate and the number of bedrooms. If such parameters are not known, the standard that gives the best fit between measured and simulated relative humidity is EN15026.
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| 7. |
- Hamid, Akram Abdul, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Added Thermal Insulation on Cold Attics in Apartment Buildings in Temperate Climate – A Review
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 0094-243X. ; 2918
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Added insulation in cold attics can be an efficient and profitable energy efficiency measure. Simultaneously, added insulation increases the risk of a decreased temperature in the attic, thereby increasing the risk of high relative humidity and moisture damage. This paper collocates and reviews previous publications that deal with the impact of added insulation on attics as a renovation measure. This is done by systematically searching for publications relevant to tempered climate, specifically Swedish climate. Furthermore, the review aims to categorize and review existing literature in order to synthesize the examined impact of additional insulation of cold attics regarding the potential for energy reduction, the impact on risks for moisture damage, and the impact on indoor environmental quality. Results from the literature review show that the measure reduces the energy use of buildings and emissions. Furthermore, the measure is shown to be a profitable measure, especially in combination with other measures. However, previous publications also show that with increased insulation, the risk for moisture damage also increases, but that supplemental measures can be taken in order to reduce such a risk.
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| 8. |
- Hamid, Akram Abdul, et al.
(författare)
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Strategies and Combinations of Measures for Renovations of Swedish Heritage Buildings – A Review
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 0094-243X. ; 2918
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to achieve environmental goals, the impact of the European building stock on the environment needs to be reduced through renovation measures. However, regarding heritage buildings, the choice of measure(s) must simultaneously consider the preservation of cultural and historical values. Besides the impact on such values, energy-efficiency measures can result in increased risks for moisture damage and the diminishment of indoor environmental quality. Furthermore, a measure's impact on a building's environmental print is not self-evident, adding further to the difficulty of choice. This paper synthesizes and reviews existing literature on choosing renovation measures for heritage buildings and literature dealing with choosing the combination of renovation measures. The paper shows that several publications present strategies/ methodologies for the choice of renovation measures for heritage buildings. However, none are holistic, and none detail the choice from a holistic perspective. Furthermore, several publications have investigated the impact of different combinations of measures on older buildings. However, few consider cultural values. Through this literature review, this paper states the need for a holistic approach to choosing renovation measures for heritage buildings.
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| 9. |
- Iarkov, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Economic Feasibility of PV Installations for Multifamily Houses in Moscow
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 0094-243X .- 1551-7616. - 9780735445420 ; 2791:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While it is evident that photovoltaic installations are becoming more and more widespread globally, demand for them in the Russian market remains low. Considering recent changes in the legal framework, which are beneficial for households with renewable energy, it is crucial to evaluate photovoltaic installation's economic feasibility for the Russian context, which is evaluated in this article. First, the authors created an hourly electricity consumption profile for a typical Russian multifamily house. Then a PV installation was designed and scaled to reach annual net-zero balance and net-zero balance in July for different ways of installing PV modules. After that, a monthly energy balance, considering underproduction and overproduction of electrical energy, was calculated. Finally the costs of PV electricity were calculated including purchased equipment, costs for installation as well as cost for buying electricity not covered by the PV modules and sold electricity during hours of overproduction. The economical evaluation was performed assuming a 30 year lifetime for the PV installation. It is concluded in this paper that PV installations can be profitable in the Russian market.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Adopting Real Measurements to a Simulation Model for Indoor Temperature Increase at Reduced Cooling Power to Lower Power Peaks
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 0094-243X. ; 2918
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lately there has been an increasing focus on saving peak power in heating systems as a way to lower the environmental load past just saving energy. At the same time, active cooling is becoming increasingly interesting. Sweden has more and more cooling systems with an increase in cooling also in residential buildings. The cooling power is much more expensive than the heating power. Therefore, there is a relative advantage of reducing the cooling instead of heating power, and at the same time the traditional users are accepting over temperatures indoors more than if the temperature becomes too low. Buildings facing renovation as well as new construction will reduce the use of heating, while more cooling power will be needed to cover the lack and future climate scenarios with warmer outdoor temperatures. In this study a simplified simulation model is proposed to simulate the increase in indoor temperature that will occur if cooling power is reduced or switched off to save peak power in the grid and supply system. Considered parameters include the thermal mass of the building and its interior, the heat transmittance, the windows, internal heat gains, ventilations losses and outdoor climate. The simplified model makes it possible to make parametric and Monte Carlo studies to show how the resulting temperature incline varies for different parameters and potential buildings as a foundation for energy companies to create new power control and business models. Results from the simulation model are presented for Swedish outdoor climate together with measurements in 9 buildings. An important conclusion of this study is that the cooling power of a building can be reduced or switched off for a surprisingly long time of up to hours without the indoor temperature rising more than 1 °C, but there is a large variation.
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| 11. |
- Kádár, Roland, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges in nano-structured fluid flows for assembly into hierarchical biomaterials
- 2023
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 0094-243X .- 1551-7616. - 9780735445475 ; 2997
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hierarchical biomaterials have their place in the context of developing novel material systems particularly in the framework of sustainability. The key to their development is in controlling their assembly into hierarchical orders at various lengthscales. Thus, flow can be an asset in e.g. controlling orientation, however, resolving the hierarchical orientation dynamics of such systems remains a challenge. We focus here mainly on cellulose nanocrystals water-based suspensions, however, the outline is representative of numerous nanostructured fluids.
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| 12. |
- Klauson, Artur, et al.
(författare)
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A case study of printed circuit boards recycling by disintegrator technology
- 2024
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 2989:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The constant accumulation of Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) at an accelerating pace pose a threat to the environment and people. On the other hand, the WEEE and specifically their component Waste Printed Circuit Boards (WPCBs) are rich in Precious Metals (PMs) and Base Metals (BMs), more than ten times their content in natural ores. Such an opportunity has already attracted the minerals processing industry (e.g., metallurgical companies) to the WEEE recycling problem solving. However, analogically to virgin mining, the presently more or less worthless parts of WPCBs also pose a health threat since they contain toxic pollutants. The key to efficient metal recovery from WPCBs is selective processes for fragmentation and separation which are accurate for both metals and non-metals. Fragmentation is a prerequisite for accurate separation. The closed-circuit grinding (size reduction) method is preferred in the case of WPCB processing, and a prospective technology for carrying it out is High Intensity Impact Milling (HIIM). In this paper, the HIIM (disintegrator) technology is compared with commonly known technologies for selective WPCB size reduction. The HIIM demonstrated possibility to adjust the size reduction process to different materials and replication of the initial results obtained under laboratory conditions.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Lolur, Phalgun, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking the variational quantum eigensolver through simulation of the ground state energy of prebiotic molecules on high-performance computers
- 2021
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : AIP Publishing. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 2362
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) as implemented in the Qiskit software package to compute the ground state energy of small molecules derived from water, H2O, and hydrogen cyanide, HCN. The work aims to benchmark algorithms for calculating the electronic structure and energy surfaces of molecules of relevance to prebiotic chemistry, beginning with water and hydrogen cyanide, and to run them on the available simulated and physical quantum hardware. The numerical calculations of the algorithms for small quantum processors allow us to design more efficient protocols to be run in real hardware, as well as to analyze their performance. Future implementations on accessible quantum processing prototypes will benchmark quantum computers and provide tests of quantum advantage with heuristic quantum algorithms.
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| 15. |
- Name, Ihsan Abbas Jasim, et al.
(författare)
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Spatial analyses model for the public transportation and the urban form relationship
- 2023
-
Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0094-243X .- 1551-7616. ; 2655:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lack of analys is tools that respond to spatial heterogeneity and the failure to adopt them as tools to assess problems, and the low life quality of Iraqi c ities represent this study's problem. Hence, this study aims to analyze the relationship b etween public transportation and urban form patterns using spatial analys is and shed light on the contribution of spatial analysis as practical planning tools to increase the public transport contribution. The importance of the study can be summarised in the following two reasons; the first is the adoption of a new model for spatial analyzes, which is weighted geographical regression. The second reason is the attempt to activate public transport. Therefore, it should be known that makes public transportation more attractive to the user, both for new areas and future development. The study hypothesis includes that spatial analyzes are more appropriate tools for studying spatial phenomena and are compatible with postmodernity. Finally, the current study introduced a demographic and good urban design that fac ilitates the residents' access to public transport services.
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| 16. |
- Pashazadehgaznagh, Sajjad, 1994, et al.
(författare)
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Surface instability detection in highly-filled biocomposites from inline imaging during extrusion
- 2023
-
Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 2997
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The processing of wood fiber biocomposites, and in particular, the extrusion, is accompanied by multiple challenges, among which agglomeration, entanglement, slip, or surface instabilities being the most common ones. In the current work, we focus on the dynamics of surface instabilities during the single screw extrusion of highly filled wood fiber biocomposites. The biocomposites are polypropylene based with up to 40 wt% wood fiber content of custom compositions based on the commercial-grade by Stora Enso. To detect and quantify the dynamics of surface instabilities, inline image analysis was applied using an optical visualization system positioned at the die exit. Therefrom, space-time diagrams were constructed, and after that, via 2D-Fourier transform analysis, the spatio-tempoal spectral dynamics of the surface instabilities were determined as a function of the die (apparent) shear rate. The spectral dynamics show that melt instabilities of 40 wt% for example, detected via their characteristic (temporal) frequency and (spatial) wavenumber, dissipate with increasing the shear rate, such that at shear rates above ca. 90 1/s, no characteristic frequency and wavenumber can be distinguished i.e. instabilities can no longer be observed on the surface of the extrudates.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Rubino, Antonio, et al.
(författare)
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TiO2nanotubes in lithium-ion batteries
- 2020
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : AIP Publishing. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 2257
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this contribution we report on electrochemical approaches in TiO2 based electrodes synthesis. TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) were synthesized following a facile anodization of titanium sheets. Optimizing the experimental conditions two electrodes with NTs lengths of ∼10 μm (Long) and ∼2 μm (Short), were obtained. At the end of the anodization the amorphous TiO2 (a-TiO2) was thermally treated to promote the conversion in the anatase crystal phase (c-TiO2). Both the Long and Short NTs electrodes were tested for their applications as anodes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). A preliminary comparison was performed to evaluate the role of a-TiO2 and c-TiO2 phases. Here, Short a-TiO2 NTs exhibited a fast storage rate respect to Short c-TiO2. Comparing the NTs length, Long a-TiO2 electrodes exhibited the highest specific capacity, close to the theoretical value. Furthermore, all the electrodes tested showed an excellent capacity retention proceeding with Discharge/Charge cycles.
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| 19. |
- Sakuma, Fuminori, et al.
(författare)
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K - Pp bound system at J-PARC
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Meson-Nucleon Physics and the Structure of the Nucleon. - : AIP Publishing. - 0094-243X. - 9780735420083 ; 2249:1
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The K̄NN bound system, symbolically denoted as "K-pp", is the simplest K̄-nuclear bound system which has been widely discussed as a consequence of the strongly attractive K̄N interaction in I = 0 channels. Many theoretical works have pointed out the existence of the "K-pp" bound system, but the calculated properties such as the binding energy and the width spread out due to the uncertainty of the K̄N interaction below the K̄+N mass threshold. Experimentally, there are several reports on observation of a "K-pp" candidate with the binding energy of around 100 MeV, however, no definitive evidence was available so far. At J-PARC, we conducted a experimental search for the "K-pp" bound system using K- + 3He reaction at 1.0 GeV/c where the "K-pp" is expected to be directly produced via the (K-, n) reaction. We finally observed a bound state below the K- +p+p mass threshold in the Λpn final state, which can be interpreted as the "K- pp" bound state. The possible existence of the "K- pp" state is discussed from both aspects of production and decay. © 2020 Author(s).
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| 20. |
- Saremi, Amin, et al.
(författare)
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The timing of the cochlear wave propagation : a comparative study of computational models
- 2024
-
Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0094-243X .- 1551-7616. ; 3062:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is believed that the phase of the cochlear wave propagation might play a crucial role in binaural perceptionand sound localization by generating cochlear disparities. Experimental data demonstrate that, while a tone is being played,an excitation pattern is formed extending from the base to the apex of the cochlea. The phase of the excitation patterndecays along the cochlear length until the slope of the phase curve (i.e. group delay) reaches its maximum at a locationwith the characteristic frequency (CF) that matches the frequency of the input tone. Thereafter, the phase stays almostconstant (group delay equals zero) until the apex. Computational models have been devised to simulate the cochlearresponses and thereby illuminate the underlying electromechanics of the human inner ear. These computational models canbe divided, according to their topology, into two groups: Parallel filterbanks that model the cochlea as several independentdecoupled filters versus cascade filterbanks (including transmission lines) which assume that the filters are coupled inseries. Due to their modeling principles, cascade filterbanks intrinsically include the longitudinal traveling wavepropagation whereas the parallel filterbank models lack this intrinsic feature since there is no longitudinal relation betweenthe filter stages in these models. The objective of this study is to verify if cascade filterbanks are actually more successfulin simulating the phase responses than parallel filterbanks. The excitation patterns generated by seven cochlear models(four parallel filterbanks, two cascade filterbanks and a transmission-line model) in response to 4 and 9 kHz tones wereestimated using an impulse, and the results were compared with corresponding experimental data recorded at comparablelengths in living mammalian cochleae. The accuracy of the model predictions was reported in mean absolute error (MAE)relative to the experimental data. The results show that cascade filterbank models are remarkably more successful withCARFAC and VERHULST models reproducing the experimental data most closely. However, DRNL model (a parallelfilterbank) also produces outcomes that are comparable in accuracy with those generated by cascade filterbank models.Further investigations showed that this specific parallel filterbank model externally incorporated correct phase delays inthe impulse responses of its filter stages. The results indicate that, if parallel filterbanks incorporate the phase delays intheir impulse responses according to the proposed method, they could successfully simulate the timing of the longitudinalwave propagation along the cochlea within the same accuracy range as cascade filterbank models do.
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| 21. |
- Zaar, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Iterative method for including parallel dispersion for RF waves in two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element models
- 2023
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - New York : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0094-243X .- 1551-7616. ; 2984:1, s. 130003-1-130003-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modelling the propagation and dissipation of RF waves in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies is challenging due to the presence of spatial dispersion. In this work, we are presenting an iterative scheme that includes dispersive effects in all tensor elements in 2D axisymmetry. The proposed method is implemented in the existing full wave solver FEMIC and applied to two fast wave heating scenarios, one with an ITER-like plasma and the other with an AUG-like plasma, in order to evaluate the importance of parallel dispersion in the two different cases. It was found that parallel dispersion is of marginal importance in ITER when using dipole phasing, but has larger impact on the power deposition profiles in AUG, due to up-down asymmetric heating. Furthermore, it is shown that the described iterative method can account for mode conversion to the ion cyclotron wave.
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