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| 2. |
- Antonsson, Ann-Christin, et al.
(författare)
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Reflektion : kärnan i omvårdnadshandledning
- 2000
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - Oslo : Sykepleiernes Samarbeid i Norden (SSN). - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 20:4, s. 38-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nursingprofession is demanding and variable; nurses must have knowledge and proficiency practically, technically and be able to teamwork in the relation with all kinds of patients. At the same time they should perform nursing according to science and tried practice. One way to develop the engagement in patients and bring new knowledge into nursing is to participate in clinical supervision. The aim of the present study was to find out how nurses in somatic care describes what they learn and how knowledge integrates and develops in clinical supervision. Eight nurses were interviewed and their responses were taped, written down word for word and analysed according to a qualitative approach. The results shows that practically all knowledge were integrated by reflection. With the help of reflection the nurses could be taught by each others experiences, develop nursing and become skilful nurses.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Axelsson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Pain among persons living at a nursing home
- 2000
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - : SAGE Publications. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 20:2, s. 20-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pain is common among elderly. Very sick elderly persons living in nursing homes often have communication problems because of dementia or stroke, which causes problem to judge pain and evaluate effects of pain treatment. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence, localisation and expressions of pain and to evaluate the usefulness of some pain assessment methods for nursing home residents. The study included 66 elderly living in a nursing home of which 49% had dementia as main medical diagnosis. A specially trained registered nurse (RN) performed pain assessment by * presenting a set of pain assessment tools * interpreting the nursing home residents' reactions during activity and * interviewing the resident about perceived pain. Two physiotherapists (PTs) performed physical examination including assessment of joint motion and palpation of joints and muscles. Contractures and ambulating status were noted. Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS) assessed cognitive capacity. When assisted by the RN 61% of the residents used independent or by assistance a verbal rating scale. The RN made an estimation of pain in all the nursing home residents and the PTs examined 92% of the residents. Pain was identified in 88% of the residents, 42% of the residents were treated with analgesics and pain it-as documented in the nurses' daily notes in 27% of the patient records. All residents with contractures had pain in the engaged joint. This study indicates that it is possible to assess pain by combining interview and interpretation of the residents' reactions during activity. Detection of pain by physical examination is a valuable complement especially for persons with decreased ability to communicate.
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| 5. |
- Bergius, Anki, et al.
(författare)
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Stödverksamhet för barn som förlorat en förälder : En litteraturstudie
- 2004
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - : SAGE Publications. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 24:4, s. 41-44
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim with this literature review was to describe content, objectives, design, and outcomes of support groups for parentally bereaved children three to twelve years of age. In a support group with children in similar situation the children's thoughts, experiences and feelings will be normalised through different activities. Pedagogical methods include creative activities of different kinds, e.g. painting, writing letters and poems, reading stories, play and games. The purposes of the methods are to accept and understand the reality of the loss, to understand and work through the grieving, to enhance family communication, and to keep the memory of the death and go on living. Organisation and structure are described in relation to development levels and ages of children and youths. Outcomes of groups are characterized by clinical observations and a dearth of evaluative studies. All bereaved children should have the opportunity to participate in a support group when a parent, sibling or other relative dies. Well developed services for bereaved children should be a matter of health care policy and quality.
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| 6. |
- Bergqvist, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Utveckling av ett instrument för vårdtyngdsmätning inom anestesi
- 2003
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 23:3, s. 10-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patient classification in anaesthetic care is an undeveloped field and it is therefore urgent to construct an instrument for this purpose. The aim of the study was to develop an instrument to measure anaesthetic nursing care with focus on the unique care needed by every single patient. The Delphi technique was used. The method involved five series of inquiries to a panel of experts, consisting of ten nurses. The instrument developed, included 13 nursing care areas, with predefined alternatives graded from1 to 4, where 4 indicated high workload, and 1 indicated low workload. The instrument was tested in a pilot study and showed agreement with the clinical picture of the patients needs. An initial inter-rater reliability test showed very good agreement for all the nursing care areas. The instrument, however, needs to be tested for validity and reliability in a larger sample.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Fridlund, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiac rehabilitation and psychosocial gender differences
- 2002
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - København : Sjuksköterskornas samarbete i Norden (SSN). - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 22:3, s. 48-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tertiary prevention comprising treatment, care and rehabilitation of patients with heart disease is an important task for nurses and other health care professionals. This is achieved through a combination of medico-physical and psychosocial interventions, related to the male or female patient's personal, expressed problems and the personnel's know ledge. Therefore, the aim of this literature study was to highlight the comprehensiveness of the cardiac rehabilitation concept from a Nordic perspective and with focus on psychosocial gender differences. The Nordic examples of cardiac rehabilitation programmes, involving a multidisciplinary team and comprising health education, physical exercise and stress management, include no specific efforts for women. However, the efficacy of out-patient programmes is still poorly documented and there is a need to increase the attendance of eligible patients, particularly women, in these programmes. There are differences between the genders concerning the need for support from personnel and laymen in order to better reach patient's compliance. Taking the psychosocial characteristics specific to women into account, could be the first step towards increased attendance rates for women as well as reaching the proximal and distal targets with regards to cardiac rehabilitation.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Kiessling, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Patients´ experiences of participation in care
- 2004
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 24, s. 31-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients have a legal right to participate in their care and in the decision-making affecting their care in most Western countries. However, this is not only a matter of legal right. According to previous research, treatment outcome may be improved if patients experience greater participation. The aim of this Swedish study was to describe how patients experience their participation in the care, and factors that have an influence on their participation. A phenomenological approach was used and data was collected by interviews with eight inpatients at a surgical ward. The interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Through analysis, meaning units were organized into themes and the essence was formulated. The experience of participation was expressed in following themes: a need of dialogue, continuity in contact with the staff and control. The essence of participation was the desire of a continuous dialogue with the caregiver, with the aim of exchanging information. Lack of time, as the patient experienced it, among the caregivers reduced the possibility to keep the dialogue. The need of control could force the patient to participate in the care situation.
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| 19. |
- Lindqvist, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Informal home caregiving in a gender perspective : A selected literature review
- 2004
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 24:4, s. 26-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An informal home caregiver is a person (family member or friends) who takes care of or participates to some degree in the care of a person in the home. This study provides a selected review of literature published 1982-2003 of the informal home caregiving from a gender perspective. A computer-aided search using MEDLINE and CINAHL was carried out. The final number of articles was 45. The main findings were that there are differences in informal caregiving due to gender. Gender differences were found in categories such as affected lifeworld, health problems, managing ability and caregivers experience from caring for a care receiver with different diseases. It is of importance that the informal caregiver is involved in the planning and that a planning act takes place. If society involves the informal home caregiver we can avoid the caregiver being the hidden victim of illness and disability. It is known that burdensome caregiving can result in encroachment due to exhaustion.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Nyström, Maria
(författare)
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Att arbeta med psykiskt funktionshindrade personer : Professionella vårdgivares uppfattningar
- 2002
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 22:3, s. 32-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Different ideological standpoints shape the understanding of severe mental illness and the actions taken in psychiatric care and social services. Decentralised and community-based care is today, after the psychiatric reform in Sweden 1995, replacing the mental hospitals. Deinstitutionalisation has thus caused a larger interest in the issue of knowledge and competence when caring for people with severe mental illness. This study focuses on similarities and differences of opinions and attitudes among professional caregivers. A questionnaire was distributed to 162 professional caregivers, 65 from psychiatric care and 97 from social welfare services. The results indicated that professionals within social welfare service did neither consider their knowledge of severe mental illness adequate, nor did they find their options to get further education and supervision satisfactory. Furthermore they felt they did not receive enough information when taking over responsibility from psychiatric care. When the participants were asked what personal characteristic they find most important in their work with people with severe mental illness, none of the questioned, either within psychiatric care or within social welfare service, made a priority to ”believe what a person with severe mental illness says”. Hence, booth organizations appear to put their confidence in professional knowledge, in favor of experiences expressed by people with severe mental illness.Different ideological standpoints shape the understanding of severe mental illness and the actions taken in psychiatric care and social services. Decentralised and community-based care is today, after the psychiatric reform in Sweden 1995, replacing the mental hospitals. Deinstitutionalisation has thus caused a larger interest in the issue of knowledge and competence when caring for people with severe mental illness. This study focuses on similarities and differences of opinions and attitudes among professional caregivers. A questionnaire was distributed to 162 professional caregivers, 65 from psychiatric care and 97 from social welfare services. The results indicated that professionals within social welfare service did neither consider their knowledge of severe mental illness adequate, nor did they find their options to get further education and supervision satisfactory. Furthermore they felt they did not receive enough information when taking over responsibility from psychiatric care. When the participants were asked what personal characteristic they find most important in their work with people with severe mental illness, none of the questioned, either within psychiatric care or within social welfare service, made a priority to ”believe what a person with severe mental illness says”. Hence, booth organizations appear to put their confidence in professional knowledge, in favor of experiences expressed by people with severe mental illness.
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| 23. |
- Nyström, Maria
(författare)
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Daily experiences of the long-term mentally ill after de-institutionalization
- 2002
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - : Sjuksköterskornas samarbete i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 22:63, s. 31-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first aim of this study was to investigate how long-term mentally ill persons adjusted to life after de-institutionalisation. The second aim was to estimate the relevance of interpretations made previously in a qualitative study, concerning long term mentally ill person’s incapability to benefit from new experiences. A survey was conducted in 1996 and a follow- up was made in 1998. A randomly chosen sample of longterm mentally ill persons replied to questions about their living conditions as well as interpersonal relations, personal experiences and self-esteem. Most of the participants in the study were living alone and their everyday lives seemed lonely and inactive. In spite of decreased psychiatric consultations after the psychiatric de-institutionalisation, they changed neither their external nor their internal world during the two years covered by this study.
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| 24. |
- Nyström, Maria
(författare)
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Vilka önskemål har psykiskt funktionshindrade människor? Professionella vårdgivares skattningar av patienters, vårdtagares och klienters önskemål gällande boende sysselsättning samt vård och omsorg : en jämförande studie
- 2003
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - : Sjuksköterskornas samarbete i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 23:67, s. 10-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study eleven items concerning wants and needs of severely mentally ill persons were compared with estimations of the same items made by professional caregivers in psychiatric care and social welfare services. A questionnaire with ten-point Likert scales was distributed to 205 participants, 65 professionals within psychiatric care, 97 professionals within social welfare services and 43 severely mentally ill persons. The Likert scales dealt with living conditions, daily activities, nursing interventions and social welfare services. The severely mentally ill persons scored their wants and needs and professional caregivers estimated the importance of every item concerning the same issues. Professional caregivers made quite similar estimations irrespective of their professional or organizational belonging. They did, however, differ quite a lot from the wants and needs made by the severe mentally ill persons themselves.
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| 25. |
- Perseius, Kent-Inge, et al.
(författare)
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Does dialectical behavioural therapy reduce treatment cost for patients with borderline personality disorder : A pilot study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - : Sykepleiernes Samarbeid i Norden,Northern Nurses Federation. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 24:2, s. 27-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: In order to assess costs - consequences of dialectal behavioural therapy (DBT) in suicidal women with borderline personality disorder (BPD), the present study takes advantage of pilot data collected during a training phase, in relation to a large scale randomised controlled trail (RCT). Method: Under a 18 month period, 22 suicidal women with BPD were treated with outpatient DBT, with focus on reducing parasuicidal behaviour. Outcome data collected retrospectively 12 months before therapy start, were compared to prospective data collected up to 18 months in therapy. The cost - analysis included direct health care costs only. Results & Conclusions: The results suggest that DBT may have a positive impact on treatment costs, which decreased significantly during the last 12 months in a 18 month therapy period. The reduction of costs is due to decrease in the number of psychiatric inpatient days. The conclusions that can be drawn from the results are, however, limited as the study was not made in RCT conditions and indirect costs to society were not assessed.
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| 26. |
- Sandén, Inger
(författare)
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The Swenoteca Medical Care Program as a Resource for Patients and Physicians
- 2002
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 22:2, s. 33-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The overall aim is to investigate, from a communicative and interactive perspective, how physicians use the medical care program in dialogues with patients, and how patients use the program when they talk about their treatment and the disease, testicular cancer. Data consist of 23 patient-physician consultations and 23 interviews. The analysis was performed in stages. The results show that the physicians use the medical care program as an instrument in the dialogues and a structure for information when a patient is about to embark on a round of continued treatment after his operation. When the physician presents the course of treatment to the patient, he gives SWENOTECA as the reason for the choice. During the follow-up consultations, SWENOTECA is used as a basic framework for what should be checked from a medical point of view and as a structure to ensure that the checkups are performed. The medical care program seems to exert a strong influence on the men’s accounts during the interviews in terms of the medical terminology they use and as a structure for the course of the disease and for giving them a perspective of the future as well as hope.
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| 27. |
- Strandberg, Thomas, 1965-
(författare)
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Traumatisk hjärnskada hos kvinnor: perspektiv på kön, sexualitet och funktionshinder : en litteraturstudie med feministisk ansats
- 2004
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 24:1, s. 47-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The article is built upon tree topics: feminism, sexuality and disability. The purpose is to illuminate traumatic brain injury (TBI) among women in perspectives of gender, role and sexuality. On the basis of literature studies the article summarize (i) gender specific onsequences for women (ii) sexual consequences for women (iii) women role changes.The article brings up sexual consequences with TBI as increased and decreased sexual lust and problem with orgasms. Role changes are illuminated as working role, hobbyist and role as a family member. Even gender specific differences between cognition and emotion are mentioned.The article set focus on TBI as a hidden less recognised consequence for battered women. Gender perspectives are problemized and discussed in connection to TBI. Thinking in processes is described in purpose to give a more holistic perspective on mankind and its sexuality. Violence against women having TBI and frequents of injuries seen in a gender perspective is mentioned.
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| 28. |
- Söderlund, Maud
(författare)
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Tre kvalitativa forskningsansatser med relevans för vårdvetenskap
- 2003
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 23:2, s. 9-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Söderlund, Maud (2002). The purpose of this article is to show the distinctive features of three different qualitative approaches to research. To be able to reach a deeper understanding of the three scientific approaches chosen, I will start a methodological discussion by presenting three different approaches: the phenomenological, the hermeneutical and the phenomenographical approach and then examine them in order to clarify what kind of scientific knowledge they can generate with regard to caring science. The author’s opinion is that the patients’ perceptions of care depend on the unique educational process which is present in every culture and which influences people in each and every aspect of life. It makes caring a cultural matter and it calls attention to the processes of socialization and learning which traditionally would remain hidden or invisible. A case-study will be demonstrated. Than, I shall compare the approaches with one another in order to point out their similarity and difference. Lastly, I will argue for a way to describe what it can mean to a patient to be a patient in care giving settings.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Bengtson, A, et al.
(författare)
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Evidensbaserad omvårdnad, sjukvård och kunskap
- 2002
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083. ; 22:2, s. 48-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research within nursing and medicine is moving at an increasing pace. This makes it difficult for the staff - involved with medical care to find the right path through all the new research and development. Working according to evidencebased procedures within both medicine and nursing means using in one’s work the recommendations which have been based on literature studies that have compiled, reviewed, assessed and interpreted the published research. The aim of a systematic literature review is to find the best scientific base for nursing and community care. The literature review according to SBU originates from Goodman’s definitions, which results in an order of precedence for the reviewed studies. Implementation at the work place is made easier by literature studies and discussions at meetings with the nurses. A literature review requires a structured way of working where the question is clearly defined, the project plan prepared and the literature search published. The relevant material is clearly defined, while the quality of the studies, precision and generalization taken from the results produces a combination and conclusion. To make the most of evidencebased methods in the daily work education of existing staff, courses integrated in the education of all nursing staff and an awareness when planning nationally, regionally and locally is essential.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Bergqvist, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Utveckling av ett instrument för vårdtyngdsmätning inom anestesi
- 2003
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - : Sykepleiernes Samarbeid i Norden. - 0107-4083. ; 23:3, s. 10-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patient classification in anaesthetic care is an undeveloped field and it is therefore urgent to construct an instrument for this purpose. The aim of the study was to develop an instrument to measure anaesthetic nursing care with focus on the unique care needed by every single patient. The Delphi technique was used. The method involved five series of inquiries to a panel of experts, consisting of ten nurses. The instrument developed, included 13 nursing care areas, with predefined alternatives graded from1 to 4, where 4 indicated high workload, and 1 indicated low workload. The instrument was tested in a pilot study and showed agreement with the clinical picture of the patients needs. An initial inter-rater reliability test showed very good agreement for all the nursing care areas. The instrument, however, needs to be tested for validity and reliability in a larger sample.
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| 33. |
- Ewander, I, et al.
(författare)
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Erfarenheter av föräldraskap hos kvinnor och män med Cystisk Fibros
- 2002
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083. ; 22:3, s. 27-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today most patients with CF reach adulthood and consequently marry and have children. Health care systems are lacking in knowledge of how these adults cope with the strain of having children. Eight patients were interviewed about their experiences of having children. The study was a qualitative descriptive study and the patients were interviewed with open questions regarding their experiences of parenthood. The analysis showed that most of them found it natural to become a parent. Despite their chronic disease they had, on the whole, a healthy self-concept. Many of them experienced a strengthening of their relationship with their partner notwithstanding the strain many of them experience when becoming pregnant and then adapting to life with a new baby and its needs. Partners took greater responsibility upon themselves in caring for the children.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Halvarsson, Maud, 1941, et al.
(författare)
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Att ge och ta mot bekräftelse. En studie av bekräftelse i processorienterad handledning i vårdarbete
- 2000
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083. ; 20:1, s. 9-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a preliminary study, summarised here, the theoretical implications of the concept of confirmation were studied, through concept investigation. The present empirical study was then conducted, to study the implications of the concept, describe how confirmation may be experienced, both generally and specifically within nursing supervision, and describe how confirmation may provide a working tool. Fourteen students and eight teachers (supervisors) from a supervision programme at the healthcare college were interviewed. The findings from the previous study were used in the introductory letter sent to study participants. Results showed that confirmation is an important concept in nursing supervision. The supervisor strives for a confirmatory style through body language, and their attention to students. In this study, the supervisors methods of clarifying, summarising and documenting the supervision showed some variation. Three methods were noted: two guided by students responses, as individuals or groups, and one guided by the supervisor. The same supervisory measure could be experienced by students as both confirmatory and not, the most prominent measures being continuity, structure and the supervisors management of problem formulation. A connection was evident between the concept investigation of the preliminary study and the results of empirical study. If students are exposed to process-oriented supervision, and thereby experience confirmation, this enhances their potential to understand and confirm patients once they become nurses.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Kjellin, A, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av utökat föräldradeltagande inom barnkirurgisk vård
- 2002
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083. ; 22:2, s. 38-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The benefits of increased parental participation in the care of the hospitalised child is well documented, and care given by parents is found to be effective. To facilitate the child’s recovery by providing the parents with information and education about care, and to minimise disruption to the child’s and the family’s normal life the care after hypospadiasis repair was changed. Outcomes were evaluated in two different ways: a cost-effectiveness analysis for calculating the relative value of the alternative medical interventions, and qualitative interviews with parents to gain an understanding of parents’ experiences. The sample consisted of consecutive series of children (n= 17) and accompanying parents (n=19). This article describes the parents’ views. The results showed that feelings of participation, support and uncertainty were predominant for parents during their child’s care and treatment. The results highlighted the importance of evaluating new processes and routines.
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| 38. |
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