| 1. |
- Agardh, Carl-David, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of treatment with estrogens and estramustine phosphate on platelet aggregation and plasma lipoproteins in non-disseminated prostatic carcinoma
- 1984
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Ingår i: Journal of Urology. - 1527-3792. ; 132:5, s. 1021-1024
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The treatment of prostatic carcinoma with estrogens is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular as well as thromboembolic complications. In the present study, patients harboring highly or moderately differentiated prostatic carcinoma without signs of metastases were treated with either polyestradiolphosphate + etinylestradiol, estramustine phosphate or given no treatment. Subsequently, these patients were investigated regarding factors (platelet aggregation, plasma and platelet phospholipid composition and lipoprotein patterns) that might contribute to increased thrombogenesis and cardiovascular risk. The results indicate the presence of increased in vitro platelet aggregation in patients treated with polyestradiolphosphate + etinylestradiol compared to those treated with estramustine phosphate or given no treatment. A possible relationship between the availability of arachidonic acid in platelet membrane phospholipids and in vitro platelet aggregation is suggested. On the other hand the alterations in plasma lipoproteins observed during treatment are generally considered positive from an atherogenic point of view and do not seem relevant to the elevated incidence of cardiovascular disease in these patients.
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| 2. |
- Fernström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Achievement of recommended treatment targets for bone and mineral metabolism in haemodialysis patients using paricalcitol : An observational study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 45:3, s. 196-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common problem among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on haemodialysis. This study was conducted to assess the use, effectiveness and safety of intravenous paricalcitol in haemodialysis patients with various degrees of SHPT. Material and methods. This observational, multicentre, prospective study was conducted in 14 Swedish dialysis centres from May 2007 to June 2008 and included 92 haemodialysis patients with a diagnosis of SHPT associated with CKD. The decision to initiate treatment with intravenous paricalcitol was made by the treating physician. No treatment algorithms were provided. Results. Mean patient age was 64 years. Of the 92 patients included, 74 had an intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level of > 300 pg/ml at baseline. Median iPTH was 584 pg/ml in patients with a baseline PTH of > 300 pg/ml. During follow-up there was a decrease in iPTH to 323 pg/ml at 6 months (--45%, p < 0.0001). In parallel, there was a small increase in serum calcium, but serum phosphorus and the calcium xx phosphorus product remained unchanged. Conclusions. This study showed that intravenous paricalcitol substantially and safely decreased iPTH in haemodialysis patients with a baseline iPTH above the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative recommended target range (150--300 pg/ml) and had minimal impact on serum minerals.
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| 3. |
- Fiedler, Heidelore, Dr. 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Persistent organic pollutants in human milk from primiparae : correlations, global, regional, and national time-trends
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Pergamon Press. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human breast milk reflects body burden of chemicals and has been used for exposure assessment to estimate risks of humans from pollutants. Harmonized protocols for sampling and analysis of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have become widely available after the entry-into-force of the Stockholm Convention on POPs and activities coordinated by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). These protocols promote the generation of national pools consisting of breast milk from first mothers directed to assess at national level but have not been assessed comprehensively. Early surveys date back to the mid-1980s, but the majority of the pools and high numbers of POPs analytes were available after the year 2000. Our assessment of pools from 90 countries for 29 POPs showed declining time trends for almost all POPs and significant differences between all 5-year time periods. However, in general, the most recent data from samples collected between 2015 and 2019, were no longer different from the period immediately prior. The strongest declines were seen for POPs that have already been measured for more than 30 years, i.e., dioxin-like POPs and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB)). For certain initial and newly listed POPs, such as aldrin, endrin, mirex, toxaphene, α-HCH, chlordecone, endosulfan, pentachlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, decabromo diphenyl ether, hexabromobiphenyl 153, and perfluorohexane sulfonate, the median values in pools were always zero, and some of them were never quantified in these human milk pools. Since these POPs may be present at national level, we recommend including all listed POPs into surveys related to the Stockholm Convention.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Samuelsson, Stefan
(författare)
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Beteendegenetisk läs- och skrivforskning
- 2009. - 1
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Ingår i: Dyslexi och andra svårigheter med skriftspråket. - Stockholm : Natur & Kultur. - 9789127419346 - 9127419347 ; , s. 71-88
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dyslexi och andra svårigheter med skriftspråketEtt stort antal elever lämnar skolan utan tillräcklig läs- och skrivförmåga. I denna bok får läsaren en god uppfattning om den världsomspännande och aktuella forskning som finns och ges även goda möjligheter att tillämpa den i sitt arbete.I boken 18 kapitel uppmärksammas pedagogisk, psykologisk och biologisk forskning om läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Författarna är lärare och forskare som ingår i ett nationellt nätverk för forskning om dyslexi och andra läs- och skrivsvårigheter.
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| 6. |
- Tallberg, Jonas, 1971-
(författare)
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EU:s politiska system
- 2013. - 5
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Per-Olof
(författare)
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Den kalejdoskopiska offentligheten : Lokal press, värdemönster och det offentliga samtalets villkor 1880-1910
- 2001
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim with this dissertation is to contribute to a deeper knowledge of three interwoven problem complexes. First, the aim is to analyse the functions of the press in society, in this context with a particular focus on the provincial press. Second, special attention is given to the significance of regional patterns of values for the potential of the newspapers to function. Third, the dissertation deals with the difficult and complex questions of the conditions for the public discourse. The primary aim is to analyse in detail what can be expressed in a particular environment at a particular time. The area investigated is the county of Kronoberg in the period 1880-1910. The empirical basis for the dissertation consists of in-depth studies of some attempts to establish newspapers in the county, along with a number of thematic studies.On the basis of previous research a number of functions of the press has been identified: information, politics, economy, education, entertainment and identity. The thematic studies of this dissertation reveals the context-bound relationship between the various functions. All the studies conducted here shows clearly that the occurrence of specific regional patterns of values was of great significance for the actions of the newspapers. All the newspapers studied recognize the existence of a shared foundation of values in the region. Some of the newspapers supported the ideals, others tried to combat them. None of them tried to deny that they existed or that they were significant. With Jürgen Habermas' model of public discourse as a starting-point and with the aid of four key terms - public sphere, accessibility, critique and discursive tone - I have systematically tried to capture the significance of the press for the conditions in which the public discourse is carried on.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Hantelius, Victor, et al.
(författare)
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Headache in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma before and after transsphenoidal surgery - a prospective study.
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Pituitary. - 1573-7403.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study the long-term effect of transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) on headache in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) and identify factors predicting headache relief following TSS.We evaluated headache in 101 consecutive patients with NFPA who underwent TSS from September 2015 to December 2021, preoperatively and 12-months post-surgery, by using the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire. Health-related quality of life (QoL) was assessed using the EQ-5D visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS).Of 101 patients, 27 (27%) experienced disabling preoperative headache. Among these, the median total MIDAS score improved from 60 (interquartile range (IQR): 19-140) to 10 (IQR: 0-49) (P=0.004). Additionally, headache frequency over a 90-day period decreased from 45 (IQR: 25-83) to 6 (IQR: 3-36) days (P=0.002), and headache intensity decreased from 5 (IQR: 4-7) to 4 (IQR: 2-7) (P=0.016) at 12-months post-surgery. At 12 months post-surgery, 18 (67%) of 27 patients with preoperatively disabling headache showed clinically relevant improvement of their headache, 4 (15%) showed deterioration, and 5 (19%) remained unchanged. In patients with clinically relevant improvement of their headache, the EQ-VAS score improved from 50 (IQR: 30-7) to 80 (IQR: 65-86) (P<0.001). Of the 74 patients with no preoperative headache, 11 (15%) developed postoperative headache. We identified no clinical factors predicting postoperative headache relief.The study supports that clinically significant and long-lasting improvements of disabling headache and QoL can be achieved with TSS in a substantial number of patients with NFPA.
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| 10. |
- Hedborg Bengtsson, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of construction project actors' motivation on externally initiated systemic innovation
- 2017
-
Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9TH NORDIC CONFERENCE ON CONSTRUCTION ECONOMICS AND ORGANIZATION. - Lyngby : POLYTEKNISK FORLAG. - 9788750211259 ; , s. 208-219
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urbanization and climate change are central challenges for urban development today, why a need for substantial innovation, e.g. systemic innovation, can be identified. The large amount of interdependent actors and their fragmented processes are among the key factors that hamper innovation in the construction industry. Two key actors in the industry, property developers and contractors, can be identified as important when developing innovation, due to their central roles in the construction project process. Therefore, it should be important to make them dedicated towards innovation, i.e. create motivation. This is in line with research on successful innovation development highlighting the importance of commitment and collaboration. A need seems to be present to create motivation towards innovation for key actors in the industry. Based on this, the purpose of this paper is to explore how motivation of key actors can influence development for systemic innovation in the construction industry. To explore this, a case study of the urban development project Stockholm Royal Seaport and its developed building logistic center was analyzed, adopting a model for receptive change context. Tentative findings suggest that actors' motivation for innovation is important for the development. Developers' possibility to influence through procurement strategies, to increase awareness and collaboration, can be used to create motivation for contractors.
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| 11. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Constellation optimization for coherent optical transmission systems
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proc. IEEE Photonics Society Annual Meeting, Denver, CO [Invited]. - 9781424453689 ; , s. 152-153
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present and discuss optimized four-dimensional modulation formats that have better sensitivities than established formats such as, e.g., binary or quarternary phase-shift keying. © 2010 Optical Society of America.
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| 12. |
- Karlsson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Farligt när vetenskapen förnekas
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Svenska dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; :6 september
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 13. |
- Sadowska-Woda, Izabela, et al.
(författare)
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A preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the genus Fulvius Stal (Hemiptera:Miridae Cylapinae) based on molecular data
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Insect Systematics & Evolution. - : Brill. - 1399-560X .- 1876-312X. ; 39:4, s. 407-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The systematics and phylogeny of the genus Fulvius STAL remains unclear. We present herein the first analysis of the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Fulvius based Oil DNA sequences. The phylogenetic interrelationships in the genus Fulvius are investigated using partial DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes, the 16S ribosomal large subunit and the cytochrome oxidase I (COI). DNA sequences for Fulvius species representing three different subgroups distinguished previously on the base of morphological characters alone are compared to sequences from the closely related genera Rhinocylapidius and Cylapus. The data are analyzed using parsimony and Bayesian inference. The results confirm that on the basis of molecular data we can distinguish the same congruent groups of Fulvius species as using morphological characters, however with inclusion of the specimens of the genus Rhinocylapidius in the bifenestratus-group. Additional Studies are needed to clarify the phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Fulviini, as well as within the genus Fulvius and its relation to Rhinocylapidius. However, the results of this study Suggest that 16S and COI sequences Will be very useful as molecular markets for such Studies among, these species-groups.
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| 14. |
- Stenström, Thure
(författare)
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Mogens Brøndsted
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet. ; :7 juli
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Recension (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Minnesord över professorn i nordisk litteratur och rektorn för Odense universitet Mogens Brøndsted, död den 11 maj 2006.
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| 15. |
- Tan, Biyue, 1986-
(författare)
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Genomic selection and genome-wide association studies to dissect quantitative traits in forest trees
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The convergence of quantitative genetics of complex traits with genomic technologies is quickly becoming an innovative approach to explore fundamental genetic questions and also have practical consequences for implementations in tree breeding. In this thesis, I used genomic selection and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to dissect the genetic basis of quantitative traits, i.e. growth, phenology and wood property traits. I also assessed the importance of dominance and epistatic effects in hybrid Eucalyptus. Both dominance and epistasis are important in hybrids, as they are the likely contributing to the genetic basis of heterosis. To successfully implement genomic selection models, several important factors have to be considered. I found that for a good model establishment, both the size and composition of the training population, as well as the number of SNPs to be important considered. Based on the optimal models, additive, dominance and epistasis genetic effects of growth and wood traits have been estimated to evaluate genetic parameters and how these influence the prediction accuracy, which can be used in selecting elite breeding individuals or clones. I also addressed the advantage of genotyping-based analyses by showing that we could accurately correct pedigree information errors. More importantly, genotyping-based analyses capture both Mendelian segregation variation within full-sib families and cryptic genetic links through unknown common ancestors, which are not available from traditional pedigree data. GWAS were used to analyse growth and phenology related traits. Using a single-trait GWAS method, we identified a region strongly associated with the timing of bud set in Populus tremula, a trait with high heritability. For the growth related traits, we found that a multi-traits GWAS approach was more powerful than single-trait analyses as it identified more associated SNPs in hybrid Eucalyptus. Moreover, many more novel associated SNPs were identified from considering over-dominance effects in the GWAS analyses. After annotating the associated SNPs I show that these functional candidate genes were related to growth and responding to abiotic and biotic stress. In summary, the results of genomic selection and GWAS provided a deeper understanding of the genetic backgrounds of quantitative traits in forest trees.
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| 16. |
- Abdelgadir, Moawia, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of glucose self-monitoring on glycaemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus in Sudan
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 74:1, s. 90-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the influence of self-monitoring of glucose on the glycaemic control in Sudanese diabetic subjects. Subjects and methods: A group of 193 consecutive type 2 and type I diabetic subjects (95 men, 98 women) were studied. In 104 subjects with type 2 diabetes fasting blood glucose was measured using a glucose meter and blood was obtained for serum glucose measurement in the laboratory. In the remaining 89 diabetic subjects random blood glucose was measured using the same glucose meter and a whole blood sample was drawn for laboratory assessment of HbA1c. Data on self-monitoring and other clinical and personal characteristics were recorded. Results: More than 75% of either type I and type 2 diabetic patients never self-monitored blood or urine glucose. In type 2 diabetic subjects self-monitoring of blood or urine glucose was not related to glycaemic control. In type I diabetic subjects, however, self-monitoring of blood glucose was significantly associated with better glycaemic control, as assessed by HbA1c (P = 0.02) and blood glucose at clinic visits (P < 0.0001), and similar associations were found for urine glucose self-monitoring (P = 0.04 and 0.02) respectively. Neither glycaemic control nor glucose self-monitoring was associated with education level. Conclusions: Self-monitoring of blood glucose was not found to be associated to better glycaemic control in Sudanese subjects with type 2 diabetes. In contrast, self-monitoring of both blood and urine glucose was significantly associated with glycaemic control in subjects with type I diabetes. Self-monitoring of urine glucose could be useful where measurement of blood glucose is not available or affordable.
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| 17. |
- Afghahi, Henri, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for the development of albuminuria and renal impairment in type 2 diabetes—the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR)
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0931-0509 .- 1460-2385. ; 26:4, s. 1236-1243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The aim of this study was to identify clinical risk factors associated with the development of albuminuria and renal impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In addition, we evaluated if different equations to estimate renal function had an impact on interpretation of data. This was done in a nationwide population-based study using data from the Swedish National Diabetes Register. Methods. Three thousand and six hundred sixty-seven patients with T2D aged 30-74 years with no signs of renal dysfunction at baseline (no albuminuria and eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) according to MDRD) were followed up for 5 years (2002-2007). Renal outcomes, development of albuminuria and/or renal impairment [eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) by MDRD or eCrCl > 60 mL/min by Cockgroft-Gault (C-G)] were assessed at follow-up. Univariate regression analyses and stepwise regression models were used to identify significant clinical risk factors for renal outcomes. Results. Twenty percent of patients developed albuminuria, and 11% renal impairment; thus, ~6-7% of all patients developed non-albuminuric renal impairment. Development of albuminuria or renal impairment was independently associated with high age (all P < 0.001), high systolic BP (all P < 0.02) and elevated triglycerides (all P < 0.02). Additional independent risk factors for albuminuria were high BMI (P < 0.01), high HbA1c (P < 0.001), smoking (P < 0.001), HDL (P < 0.05) and male sex (P < 0.001), and for renal impairment elevated plasma creatinine at baseline and female sex (both P < 0.001). High BMI was an independent risk factor for renal impairment when defined by MDRD (P < 0.01), but low BMI was when defined by C-G (P < 0.001). Adverse effects of BMI on HbA1c, blood pressure and lipids accounted for ~50% of the increase risk for albuminuria, and for 41% of the increased risk for renal impairment (MDRD). Conclusions. Distinct sets of risk factors were associated with the development of albuminuria and renal impairment consistent with the concept that they are not entirely linked in patients with type 2 diabetes. Obesity and serum triglycerides are semi-novel risk factors for development of renal dysfunction and BMI accounted for a substantial proportion of the increased risk. The equations used to estimate renal function (MDRD vs. C-G) had an impact on interpretation of data, especially with regard to body composition and gender.
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| 18. |
- Alkan Olsson, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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The Critical Load graph : A rhetorical trope
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is often said that pictures and graphical visualisations have a greatpower to unify and simplify ideas: "a picture says a thousand words" as thesaying goes. The ability of graphs to explore and summarise large sets ofnumbers is also well known (Tufte, 1983: introduction). Although scientistsfrequently have recourse to graphical illustrations when explaining complexproblems, the role of pictures and graphs in forwarding scientific findingshas received relatively little attention in studies of science compared to the attention given to texts. Ronald Giere and Michael Ruse have suggested thatthis lack of interest may be explained by the strong influence of logical empiricism in scientific culture (Giere, 1996; Ruse, 1996). Logical empiricism emerged in the eighteenth century in the transition between an oral-visualculture and a text-based culture, nurturing a suspicion towards pictures andarguing that human thinking relies on words. In this textual culture pictures are reduced to persuasive aids, if considered at all, being thought of as pedagogical tools or simple 'illustrations' used to facilitate the presentation and sharing of scientific findings (Stafford, 1994). Another reason why visual displays in science have been underestimated and neglected compared to scientific texts, may simply be, as suggested by David Lynch, that methods for analysing verbal materials are more advanced than thosefor analysing pictures (Lynch, 1990:151). (...)
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| 19. |
- Amsallem, David, et al.
(författare)
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High-order accurate difference schemes for the Hodgkin-Huxley equations
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Computational Physics. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9991 .- 1090-2716. ; 252, s. 573-590
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel approach for simulating potential propagation in neuronal branches with high accuracy is developed. The method relies on high-order accurate difference schemes using the Summation-By-Parts operators with weak boundary and interface conditions applied to the Hodgkin–Huxley equations. This work is the first demonstrating high accuracy for that equation. Several boundary conditions are considered including the non-standard one accounting for the soma presence, which is characterized by its own partial differential equation. Well-posedness for the continuous problem as well as stability of the discrete approximation is proved for all the boundary conditions. Gains in terms of CPU times are observed when high-order operators are used, demonstrating the advantage of the high-order schemes for simulating potential propagation in large neuronal trees.
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| 20. |
- Andersen, Grethe Neumann, et al.
(författare)
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Correlation between increased nitric oxide production and markers of endothelial activation in systemic sclerosis : findings with the soluble adhesion molecules E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular adhesion molecule 1
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 43:5, s. 1085-1093
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To determine the relationship between vascular function and the inflammatory response in systemic sclerosis (SSc), and to investigate whether production of endothelial-derived nitric oxide (NO) is disturbed in this disease. Methods We measured plasma nitrate, urinary excretion of both nitrate and cGMP, and soluble adhesion molecules of endothelial origin in patients with SSc and in age- and sex-matched controls and compared these levels between groups. Additionally, we performed correlation analysis to determine how these variables were related to one another. Plasma nitrate and 24-hour-urinary excretion of nitrate in patients and controls were measured after a 72-hour nitrate-free-diet, using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometric method. Soluble adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), and E-selectin and cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of E-selectin was further investigated in skin biopsy specimens by immunoperoxidase staining, and the presence of inducible NO synthase by immunoblotting. Results Plasma nitrate and 24-hour-urinary-excretion of cGMP were significantly elevated in patients compared with controls, while 24-hour-urinary-excretion of nitrate tended to be elevated in SSc patients. Levels of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and sE-selectin were significantly elevated in the patients. Levels of plasma nitrate in the patients correlated significantly with levels of sVCAM-1 (P = 0.020) and sE-selectin (P = 0.018) and approached a significant correlation with sICAM-1 (P = 0.055), suggesting that activated endothelial cells may produce plasma nitrate. Conclusion NO synthesis is elevated in SSc patients, and the activated endothelial cell is a likely site of its production.
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| 21. |
- Andersson, Tommy
(författare)
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Moment-method calculations of scattering by a square plate using singular basis functions and multipole expansions
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications. - 1569-3937. ; 7:1, s. 93-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The method of moments is used to solve electromagenetic boundary value problems numerically. It is known that the choice of basis functions is crucial for the numerical efficiency. Fast convergence is achieved provided the basis functions efficiently approximate the unknown function. In this paper the far field (incl. RCS) of a thin square conducting plate is calculated. Basis functions with correct edge and corner singularities are shown to greatly enhance the convergence compared to ordinary "rooftop" functions. The calculations of the matrix elements as well as the right side of the matrix equation and the scattered field are simplified by the use of a multipole technique.
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| 22. |
- Anna, O'Sullivan, et al.
(författare)
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Bereaved Family Members’ Satisfaction with Care during the Last Three Months of Life for People with Advanced Illness
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 16th Word Congress of the European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC). Berlin, May 23-25, Abstract P01-191.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Studies evaluating the end-of-life care for longer periods of illness trajectories and in several care places are currently lacking in the Swedish context. Aims: This study explored bereaved family members’ satisfaction with care in several care places, during the last three months of life for people with advanced illness, and associations between satisfaction with care and characteristics of the deceased persons and their family members. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional survey design using the VOICES (SF) questionnaire, descriptive statistics and logistic regression was applied. The sample was 485 family members (age range 20-90 years, 70% women) of persons who died in hospitals in two Swedish health care regions. The deceased persons (age range 27-100) died mainly of circulatory or respiratory diseases, or malignant neoplasm. Results: Of the family members 77, 3% were satisfied with all care received during the last three months of life, when added together and rated as one. The results show variations in care satisfaction between different care places and care services; 87,2 % of the bereaved family members had a high satisfaction with care in hospices, followed by hos- pitals (85,9%), district nurses (68,9%), nursing homes (63,0%), special- ized home care (60,0%) and GPs (55,6%). Spouses were more likely to be satisfied with the care than children or other family members. Family members of deceased persons with cancer were more likely to have a higher satisfaction with the care. A lower satisfaction was more likely if the deceased person or the bereaved family member had a higher edu- cational attainment and a length of illness before death for one year or longer. Conclusions: The satisfaction with care is influenced by the care place/ type of care service, as well as by diagnoses, length of illness, educa- tional attainment and the relationship between the deceased person and the family member.
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| 23. |
- Bennet, Hedvig, et al.
(författare)
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Altered serotonin (5-HT) 1D and 2A receptor expression may contribute to defective insulin and glucagon secretion in human type 2 diabetes.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Peptides. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-5169 .- 0196-9781. ; 71, s. 113-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Islet produced 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT) is suggested to regulate islet hormone secretion in a paracrine and autocrine manner in rodents. Hitherto, no studies demonstrate a role for this amine in human islet function, nor is it known if 5-HT signaling is involved in the development of beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2D). To clarify this, we performed a complete transcriptional mapping of 5-HT receptors and processing enzymes in human islets and investigated differential expression of these genes in non-diabetic and T2D human islet donors. We show the expression of fourteen 5-HT receptors as well as processing enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of 5-HT at the mRNA level in human islets. Two 5-HT receptors (HTR1D and HTR2A) were over-expressed in T2D islet donors. Both receptors (5-HT1d and 5-HT2a) were localized to human alpha, beta and delta cells. 5-HT inhibited both insulin and glucagon secretion in non-diabetic islet donors. In islets isolated from T2D donors the amine significantly increased release of insulin in response to glucose. Our results suggest that 5-HT signaling participates in regulation of overall islet hormone secretion in non- diabetic individuals and over-expression of HTR1D and HTR2A may either contribute to islet dysfunction in T2D or arise as a consequence of an already dysfunctional islet.
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| 24. |
- Bennet, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular disease in relation to diabetes status in immigrants from the Middle East compared to native Swedes: a cross-sectional study.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: BMC public health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is highly prevalent in immigrants to Sweden from Iraq, but the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors are not known. In this survey we aimed to compare the prevalence of CVD and CVD-associated risk factors between a population born in Iraq and individuals born in Sweden. METHODS: This population-based, cross-sectional study comprised 1,365 Iraqi immigrants and 739 Swedes (age 30-75 years) residing in the same socioeconomic area in Malmö, Sweden. Blood tests were performed and socio-demography and lifestyles were characterized. To investigate potential differences in CVD, odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjustment for metabolic, lifestyle and psychosocial risk factors for CVD. Outcome measures were odds of CVD. RESULTS: There were no differences in self-reported prevalence of CVD between Iraqi- and Swedish-born individuals (4.0 vs. 5.5%, OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4-1.8). However, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes was higher in Iraqi compared to Swedish participants (8.4 vs. 3.3%, OR=4.2, 95% CI 2.6-6.7). Moreover, among individuals with type 2 diabetes, Iraqis had a higher prevalence of CVD (22.8 vs. 8.0%, OR=4.2, 95% CI 0.9-20.0), after adjustment for age and sex. By contrast, among those without diabetes, immigrants from Iraq had a lower prevalence of CVD than Swedes (2.2 vs. 5.5%, OR=0.6, 95% CI 0.3-0.9).Type 2 diabetes was an independent risk factor for CVD in Iraqis only (OR=6.8, 95% CI 2.8-16.2). This was confirmed by an interaction between country of birth and diabetes (p=0.010). In addition, in Iraqis, type 2 diabetes contributed to CVD risk to a higher extent than history of hypertension (standardized OR 1.5 vs. 1.4). CONCLUSIONS: This survey indicates that the odds of CVD in immigrants from Iraq are highly dependent on the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and that type 2 diabetes contributes with higher odds of CVD in Iraqi immigrants compared to native Swedes. Our study suggests that CVD prevention in immigrants from the Middle East would benefit from prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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| 25. |
- Bera, Samaresh, et al.
(författare)
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Software-Defined Networking for Internet of Things : a Survey
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Internet of Things Journal. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2327-4662. ; 4:6, s. 1994-2008
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet of things (IoT) facilitates billions of devices to be enabled with network connectivity to collect and exchange real-time information for providing intelligent services. Thus, IoT allows connected devices to be controlled and accessed remotely in the presence of adequate network infrastructure. Unfortunately, traditional network technologies such as enterprise networks and classic timeout-based transport protocols are not capable of handling such requirements of IoT in an efficient, scalable, seamless, and cost-effective manner. Besides, the advent of software-defined networking (SDN) introduces features that allow the network operators and users to control and access the network devices remotely, while leveraging the global view of the network. In this respect, we provide a comprehensive survey of different SDN-based technologies, which are useful to fulfill the requirements of IoT, from different networking aspects – edge, access, core, and data center networking. In these areas, the utility of SDN-based technologies is discussed, while presenting different challenges and requirements of the same in the context of IoT applications. We present a synthesized overview of the current state of IoT development. We also highlight some of the future research directions and open research issues based on the limitations of the existing SDN-based technologies.
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| 26. |
- Berglund, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Correction for regression dilution bias using replicates from subjects with extreme first measurements
- 2007
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Ingår i: Statistics in Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0277-6715 .- 1097-0258. ; 26:10, s. 2246-2257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The least squares estimator of the slope in a simple linear regression model will be biased towards zero when the predictor is measured with random error, i.e. intra-individual variation or technical measurement error. A correction factor can be estimated from a reliability study where one replicate is available on a subset of subjects from the main study. Previous work in this field has assumed that the reliability study constitutes a random subsample from the main study.We propose that a more efficient design is to collect replicates for subjects with extreme values on their first measurement. A variance formula for this estimator of the correction factor is presented. The variance for the corrected estimated regression coefficient for the extreme selection technique is also derived and compared with random subsampling. Results show that variances for corrected regression coefficients can be markedly reduced with extreme selection. The variance gain can be estimated from the main study data. The results are illustrated using Monte Carlo simulations and an application on the relation between insulin sensitivity and fasting insulin using data from the population-based ULSAM study.In conclusion, an investigator faced with the planning of a reliability study may wish to consider an extreme selection design in order to improve precision at a given number of subjects or alternatively decrease the number of subjects at a given precision.
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| 27. |
- Carlsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Askahögen och Elias Brenners guldmynt
- 2012
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Ingår i: Myntstudier. - 1652-2303. ; :2, s. 34-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Askahögen has been regarded as a grave mound, but is is obvious that it was the site of a high status manor in the late Iron Age. A Carolingian? imitation of an Islamic dinar struck in the 780s or 790s was found before 1686 in a mound near Vadstena. It is possible that this mound was Askahögen. Other finds in Sweden with Islamic dinars from the Viking Age are listed.
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| 28. |
- Carlsson, Axel C, et al.
(författare)
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10-Year Associations between Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors 1 and 2 and Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Stable Coronary Heart Disease : A CLARICOR (Effect of Clarithromycin on Mortality and Morbidity in Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease) Trial Substudy.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; 7:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess the associations and predictive powers between the soluble receptors for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (TNFR1 and TNFR2) and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable coronary heart disease.METHODS AND RESULTS: CLARICOR (Effect of Clarithromycin on Mortality and Morbidity in Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease) is a randomized clinical trial comparing clarithromycin with placebo in patients with stable coronary heart disease. The primary outcome was a composite of nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, cerebrovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. Patients were followed up for 10 years; discovery sample, those assigned placebo (1204 events in n=1998); and replication sample, those assigned clarithromycin (1220 events in n=1979). We used Cox regression adjusted for C-reactive protein level, established cardiovascular risk factors, kidney function, and cardiovascular drugs. After adjustments, higher serum levels of TNFR1 and TNFR2 were associated with the composite outcome in the discovery sample (hazard ratio per SD increase, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.22; P=0.001 for TNFR1; hazard ratio, 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.24; P<0.001 for TNFR2). The associations were similar in the replication sample. The associations with the composite outcome were mainly driven by acute myocardial infarction, cardiovascular mortality, and noncardiovascular mortality. The addition of TNFR1 and TNFR2 to established cardiovascular risk factors improved prediction only modestly (<1%).CONCLUSIONS: Increased concentrations of circulating TNFR1 and TNFR2 were associated with increased risks of cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with stable coronary heart disease. Yet, the utility of measuring TNFR1 and TNFR2 to improve risk prediction in these patients appears limited.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00121550.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Ceresino, Elaine, et al.
(författare)
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Polyphenols-Ensured Accessibility from Food to the Human Metabolism by Chemical and Biotechnological Treatments
- 2023
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Ingår i: Antioxidants. - 2076-3921. ; 12
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polyphenols are plant-based compounds famous for their positive impact on both human health and the quality of food products. The benefits of polyphenols are related to reducing cardiovascular diseases, cholesterol management, cancers, and neurological disorders in humans and increasing the shelf life, management of oxidation, and anti-microbial activity in food products. The bioavailability and bio-accessibility of polyphenols are of the highest importance to secure their impact on human and food health. This paper summarizes the current state-of-the-art approaches on how polyphenols can be made more accessible in food products to contribute to human health. For example, by using food processing methods including various technologies, such as chemical and biotechnological treatments. Food matrix design and simulation procedures, in combination with encapsulation of fractionated polyphenols utilizing enzymatic and fermentation methodology, may be the future technologies to tailor specific food products with the ability to ensure polyphenol release and availability in the most suitable parts of the human body (bowl, intestine, etc.). The development of such new procedures for utilizing polyphenols, combining novel methodologies with traditional food processing technologies, has the potential to contribute enormous benefits to the food industry and health sector, not only reducing food waste and food-borne illnesses but also to sustain human health.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Deleniv, Anatoli, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Resonance technique for accurate on-wafer characterization of ferroelectric varactors
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest. - 0149-645X. - 1424406889 ; 3, s. 2063-2066
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A resonance technique for on-wafer characterization of ferroelectric varactors at microwave frequencies is proposed and experimentally verified. The approach is targeted on accurate assessment of the varactors losses if traditional approaches using planar transmission lines can not be used. A number of varactors based on 0.55um thick BSTO film are measured using the proposed approach and results are compared to those obtained with the broadband reflection type measurement. It is demonstrated that the resonance technique is more accurate and reliable.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Eeckhaut, Mieke, et al.
(författare)
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Educational assortative mating and income differentiation across Europe
- 2019
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Demographic explanations for the rise in household income inequality include increased educational assortative mating (EAM) and changes in the division of paid labour within families. Building on this research, the current study focuses on the connected nature of these two inequality-producing mechanisms, while at the same time bridging the divide with the economic literature on the role of income differentiation. Using data from the 2004-2008 EU-SILC, we consider variation across Europe in the disequalising effect of EAM and relate these patterns to the general characteristics of welfare state regimes, focusing on the degree of gender equality and income differentiation. First, we document large educational differentials in men's and women's income in Eastern Europe, and smaller differentials in Anglo-Saxon, Continental and, especially, Northern Europe. Next, we find that this variation in gender equality and income differentiation parallels variation in the potential contribution of EAM to household income inequality. While all countries display larger educational differentials in household income under the scenario of absolute educational homogamy, the biggest differences are found in Eastern Europe, and the smallest differences in the Nordics. These results suggest that EAM is less disequalising in countries with more gender equality and support for equal opportunities.
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| 38. |
- Ekelund, Helena
(författare)
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The Establishment of FRONTEX: A New Institutionalist Approach
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of European Integration. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0703-6337 .- 1477-2280. ; 36:2, s. 99-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As border management continues to be a contentious and fast developing policy area in the EU, a better understanding of FRONTEX is needed. This article takes the new institutionalist approach that the functioning of institutions is dependent on the conditions under which they emerge. Drawing on documentary resources and semi-structured interviews with EU officials, the article traces the process leading to the establishment of FRONTEX. It argues that a proper understanding of agency creation and design requires us to look beyond rational choice institutionalist explanations and take into account social processes and historical contexts. Expectations derived from the three main strands of new institutionalism (rational choice institutionalism, sociological institutionalism and historical institutionalism) are not mutually exclusive and can function as conceptual lenses drawing attention to different aspects of agency creation.
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| 39. |
- Eltayeb, Ragaa Abdelkhalig
(författare)
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Immunopathology and signalling molecules involved during experimental African trypanosomiasis
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In humans, African trypanosomiasis occurs in two forms; the chronic West African form is caused by T.b. gambiense and the acute or subacute East African form is caused by T.b. rhodiense. Trypanosomes are transmitted by tsetse flies generating an extracellular infection eventually affecting the central nervous system. Mortality is due to massive parasitosis or secondary infection as a result of trypanosome induced immunosuppression. About 60 million people residing in Africa are at risk. Experimental African trypanosomiasis was established in mice and rats to study the immunopathological mechanisms during the disease. We studied the production of cytokines and investigated a mechanism for their regulation through generation of cytokine neutralising autoantibodies (Aabs). Trypanosomiasis resulted in increased serum levels of IFN-[gamma], TN17-a and IL-4 with decreased Aabs to these cytokines during early infection. In the late stage of the disease these responses were reversed; low serum cytokine levels were associated with high serum Aabs. The scenario was different for IL-10 and TGF-[beta] with initial low cytokine and high Aabs levels. However, at later time points high IL-10 and TGF-[beta] expression was linked to low Aabs serum levels. Trypanosome-derived lymphocyte-triggering factor released by T.b. brucei triggered CD8 T-cells and dorsal root gangli cells to produce interferon-[gamma]. This cytokine supported T.b. brucei growth through intracellular STAT-1 activation. The mice infected with T.b. brucei developed CNS involvement which was associated with significantly increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of MIP-2, RANTES and MIP-1[alpha] and to a lower extent MCP-1. MIP-2, RANTES and MIP-1[alpha] were produced early by astrocytes and microglia and later by macrophages and T-lymphocytes. The chemokine production was at its peak when the animals developed CNS symptoms and was associated with significant infiltration of lymphomononuclear cells in the brain. The outcome of functional interactions between antigen presenting cells and T- and B-cells are dependent on expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Here we used computerised in situ imaging to investigate the induction of CD40-L, CD86, CD80, MHC-class 11 expression and germinal center (GC) formation in the spleen during the initial course of experimental African trypanosomiasis. Peak expression of these molecules occurred four days after infection. Initial enhanced CD86 expression was accompanied by CD80 expression indicating DC type-II signalling. At later time points we found a significant increase in novel GC formation. In addition, a significant upregulation of IgE response was found in the spleen of infected mice. Thus, African trypanosomiasis is associated with humoral immune activation without eliminating the pathogen.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Eriksson, Anders, 1953-
(författare)
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Optimization for targeted movements
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proc. III Eur. Conf. Comp. Mech.: Solids, structures and coupled problems in engineering.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Ferrannini, E, et al.
(författare)
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Differential Proteomics of Cardiovascular Risk and Coronary Artery Disease in Humans
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2297-055X. ; 8, s. 790289-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proteomics of atypical phenotypes may help unravel cardiovascular disease mechanisms.AimWe aimed to prospectively screen the proteome of four types of individuals: with or without coronary artery disease (CAD), each with or without multiple risk factors. Associations with individual risk factors and circulating biomarkers were also tested to provide a functional context to the protein hits.Materials and MethodsThe CAPIRE study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02157662) is a cross-sectional study aimed at identifying possible new mechanisms promoting or protecting against atherothrombosis. Quantification (by aptamer technology), ranking (using partial least squares), and correlations (by multivariate regression) of ~5000 plasma proteins were performed in consecutive individuals aged 45–75 years, without previous cardiovascular disease, undergoing computed tomography angiography for suspected CAD, showing either >5/16 atherosclerotic segments (CAD+) or completely clean arteries (CAD−) and either ≤ 1 risk factor (RF+) or ≥3 risk factors (RF−) (based on history, blood pressure, glycemia, lipids, and smoking).ResultsOf 544 individuals, 39% were atypical (93 CAD+/RF−; 120 CAD−/RF+) and 61% typical (102 CAD+/RF+; 229 CAD−/RF−). In the comparison with CAD+/RF− adjusted for sex and age, CAD−/RF+ was associated with increased atrial myosin regulatory light chain 2 (MYO) and C-C motif chemokine-22 (C-C-22), and reduced protein shisa-3 homolog (PS-3) and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH). Extending the analysis to the entire cohort, an additional 8 proteins were independently associated with CAD or RF; by logistic regression, the 12-protein panel alone discriminated the four groups with AUCROC's of 0.72–0.81 (overall p = 1.0e−38). Among them, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 is positively associated with RF, lower BMI, and HDL-cholesterol, renin with CAD higher glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, and smoking.ConclusionsIn a CCTA-based cohort, four proteins, involved in opposing vascular processes (healing vs. adverse remodeling), are specifically associated with low CAD burden in high CV-risk individuals (high MYO and C-C-22) and high CAD burden in low-risk subjects (high PS-3 and PAF-AH), in interaction with BMI, smoking, diabetes, HDL-cholesterol, and HbA1c. These findings could contribute to a deeper understanding of the atherosclerotic process beyond traditional risk profile assessment and potentially constitute new treatment targets.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Gaudet, Mia M., et al.
(författare)
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Common Genetic Variants and Modification of Penetrance of BRCA2-Associated Breast Cancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: PLoS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 6:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The considerable uncertainty regarding cancer risks associated with inherited mutations of BRCA2 is due to unknown factors. To investigate whether common genetic variants modify penetrance for BRCA2 mutation carriers, we undertook a two-staged genome-wide association study in BRCA2 mutation carriers. In stage 1 using the Affymetrix 6.0 platform, 592,163 filtered SNPs genotyped were available on 899 young (, 40 years) affected and 804 unaffected carriers of European ancestry. Associations were evaluated using a survival-based score test adjusted for familial correlations and stratified by country of the study and BRCA2*6174delT mutation status. The genomic inflation factor (lambda) was 1.011. The stage 1 association analysis revealed multiple variants associated with breast cancer risk: 3 SNPs had p-values, 10 25 and 39 SNPs had p-values<10(-4). These variants included several previously associated with sporadic breast cancer risk and two novel loci on chromosome 20 (rs311499) and chromosome 10 (rs16917302). The chromosome 10 locus was in ZNF365, which contains another variant that has recently been associated with breast cancer in an independent study of unselected cases. In stage 2, the top 85 loci from stage 1 were genotyped in 1,264 cases and 1,222 controls. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for stage 1 and 2 were combined and estimated using a retrospective likelihood approach, stratified by country of residence and the most common mutation, BRCA2*6174delT. The combined per allele HR of the minor allele for the novel loci rs16917302 was 0.75 (95% CI 0.66-0.86, p = 3: 8 x 10(-5)) and for rs311499 was 0.72 (95% CI 0.61-0.85, p = 6: 6 x 10(-5)). FGFR2 rs2981575 had the strongest association with breast cancer risk (per allele HR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.18-1.39, p = 1: 2 x 10(-8)). These results indicate that SNPs that modify BRCA2 penetrance identified by an agnostic approach thus far are limited to variants that also modify risk of sporadic BRCA2 wild-type breast cancer.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Gladushyna, O., et al.
(författare)
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Disentangling general achievement levels and subject-specific strengths and weaknesses in mathematics, reading, and science
- 2021
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Ingår i: Educational Assessment Evaluation and Accountability. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1874-8597 .- 1874-8600. ; 33, s. 203-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper uses data from the combined TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) and PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study) assessment in 2011 to explore the subject-specific strengths and weaknesses among fourth grade students worldwide. Previous research came to the conclusion that students only differed in overall achievement levels and did not exhibit subject-specific strengths and weaknesses. This research did, however, not control for differences in overall performance levels when searching for profile differences. Therefore, the present study uses factor mixture analysis to study qualitatively different performance profiles in mathematics, reading, and science while controlling for differences in performance levels. Our findings suggest that the majority of students do not show pronounced strengths and weaknesses and differ mainly in performance levels across mathematics, reading, and science. At the same time, a smaller share of students does indeed show pronounced subject-specific strengths and weaknesses. This result does not represent an artefact, but we find clear and theory-conforming associations between the identified profiles and covariates. We find evidence for cross-country differences in the frequency of subject-specific strengths and weaknesses and gender differences, as well as differences between students who do not or only sometimes speak the language of test at home.
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