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| 4. |
- Chatzittofis, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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CSF and plasma oxytocin levels in suicide attempters, the role of childhood trauma and revictimization
- 2014
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - : Maghira and Maas Publications. - 0172-780X. ; 35:3, s. 213-217
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Some studies have reported an inverse relationship between childhood adversity and oxytocin levels. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between CSF and plasma oxytocin levels and lifetime trauma history in suicide attempters. We hypothesised lower CSF and plasma oxytocin levels in suicide attempters with high exposure to interpersonal violence and negative childhood emotional climate.METHODS: 28 medication free suicide attempters participated in the study. CSF and plasma morning basal levels of oxytocin were assessed with specific radio-immunoassays. The Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS) was used to elicit lifetime trauma history and revictimization status and the childhood emotional climate factor was derived from the socialization subscale of the Karolinska Scales of Personality.RESULTS: Correlations between exposure to interpersonal violence as a child and as an adult and CSF and plasma oxytocin levels were not significant. Revictimized suicide attempters had significantly lower plasma oxytocin levels and more negative childhood emotional climate compared to non-revictimized suicide attempters.CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a complex relationship between life time trauma and the oxytocin system.
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| 5. |
- Erikson, Catarina, et al.
(author)
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Non-visual effects of lighting
- 1983
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In: Neuroendocrinology Letters. - 0172-780X. ; 5:6, s. 412-412
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Flisberg, Anders, 1958, et al.
(author)
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EEG and spectral edge frequency : analysis in posthypoxic newborn piglets
- 2010
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - : Brain Research Promotion. - 0172-780X. ; 31:2, s. 181-186
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency content of the electroencephalogram (EEG) during recovery after a severe hypoxic insult in newborn piglets. METHODS: EEG was continuously monitored in nine newborn piglets exposed to a severe hypoxic period. Power spectra in five frequency bands were calculated using Fourier transformation. Spectral edge frequency 90 (SEF90) was defined as the frequency below which 90% of the power in the EEG was located. The piglets were divided into two groups; Group 1 represented piglets with some EEG recovery and Group 2 represented piglets without any EEG recovery. RESULTS: The recovery of the EEG in Group 1 had the same time course in all frequency bands. SEF90 indicates recovery earlier than the value of total power. But SEF90 also signals activity in the EEGs that were almost completely suppressed. When SEF90 was calculated during periods of periodic EEG activity during the very early phase of recovery, the values fell within the same range as during the control period. CONCLUSION: Spectral analysis of continuous EEG in newborn piglets exposed to very severe hypoxia showed that no specific frequency band of the EEG preceded the other ones during recovery. The results of the SEF90 measure, demonstrates the need for critical analysis of the raw EEG before any reliable estimation of cerebral function can be made.
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| 8. |
- Fotouhi, Omid, et al.
(author)
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Regional differences in somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) immunoreactivity is coupled to level of bowel invasion in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors
- 2018
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - Stockholm, Sweden : Maghira & Maas Publications. - 0172-780X. ; 39:4, s. 305-309
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) expression constitutes a pivotal cornerstone for accurate radiological detection and medical treatment of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs), and the development of somatostatin analogues for these purposes have revolutionized the clinical work-up. Previous assessments of SSTR isoform expression in SI-NETs have found correlations to overall prognosis and treatment response, however these analyses usually report overall tumoral immunoreactivity, and little is reported regarding histo-regional differences in expressional patterns.METHODS: Thirty-seven primary SI-NETs (WHO grade I, n=32 and WHO grade II, n=5) were collected and assessed for SSTR2 immunohistochemistry. Samples were stratified with regards to histological level of bowel infiltration and spread (mucosal region, muscularis propria region, subserosal region) and each of these tumoral regions was separately scored by SSTR2 staining localization (membrane, cytoplasmic), overall staining intensity and local staining differences within each region.RESULTS: SSTR2 immunoreactivity was progressively weaker as the tumor cells advanced through the small intestinal layers. This was exemplified by a reduction in the amount of tumor samples with strong SSTR2 expression in the deeper histological levels of the section; 56% of tumors displayed strong SSTR2 expression in the mucosal region, as compared to 29% and 30% of tumors within muscularis propria and subserosal layers, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: This observation indicates a down-regulation of SSTR2 expression as the tumors progress through the intestinal wall, which might signify underlying biological processes of importance for SI-NET invasion behavior.
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- Melkersson, Kristina, et al.
(author)
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Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in non-coding regions of the insulin (INS) gene and schizophrenia
- 2022
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - : MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS. - 0172-780X .- 2354-4716. ; 43:1, s. 1-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder with high heritability. There are also indications that impaired cellular signalling via the insulin receptor-A and the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor may play a role in its pathogenesis. Insulin, and possibly also C-peptide, are ligands to these receptors. The insulin gene, coding both insulin and C- peptide, has however not been genetically studied in schizophrenia. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the involvement of this gene in schizophrenia susceptibility.MATERIAL AND METHODS: For identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interest, the whole insulin gene and parts of its promoter region were first DNA sequenced in two subgroups of the study population (37 schizophrenia patients with heredity for schizophrenia or related psychosis, and 25 controls), and mapped to the reference sequence. Then, 7 identified SNPs of potential interest were typed by TaqMan (R) SNP Genotyping Assays in the whole study population, consisting of 94 patients with schizophrenia and 60 controls.RESULTS: Allele frequencies tended to differ between patients and controls for two of the 7 SNPs, rs5505 and rs3842749 (p=0.077 and p=0.078, respectively), whereas subgroup analyses of diabetes mellitus (type 1 or 2) and/ or heredity for diabetes mellitus (type 1 or 2) in patients and controls showed overall significant differences in genotype/ allele frequencies solely for rs5505 (p=0.021/ 0.023).CONCLUSION: These findings are of interest, as the two SNPs - rs5505 and rs3842749 - may have regulatory function on the coding of insulin and C-peptide, against which increased antibody reactivity has been previously reported in schizophrenia.
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| 14. |
- Melkersson, Kristina, et al.
(author)
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Associations between heredity, height, BMI, diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2 and gene variants in the insulin receptor (INSR) gene in patients with schizophrenia.
- 2023
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - 0172-780X .- 2354-4716. ; 44:1, s. 39-54
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder with high heritability. There are also indications that an autoimmune-mediated process in the brain underlies development of schizophrenia, and that the insulin receptor A may constitute a main antigen target. Therefore, as the insulin receptor gene hitherto has been little studied in schizophrenia, this study was undertaken to investigate this gene in schizophrenia susceptibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To identify gene variants of possible interest, the whole insulin receptor gene was first DNA-sequenced in all or subgroups of patients with schizophrenia and controls, using the Sanger method and the SOLiD technology. Then, association analyses of total 50 identified gene variants were carried out in the whole study population, consisting of 94 patients and 60 controls. RESULTS: No significant differences in genotype- and allele frequencies for the 50 gene variants were found between all patients and controls. However, in subgroup analyses, rs2229431 and rs747721248 tended to associate with heredity for schizophrenia, rs2229431 associated with height, rs41505247 with body mass index, rs59765738 and rs57476618 with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 and/ or heredity for DM type 1, and rs2962, rs2352954, rs2352955 and rs2252673 with DM type 2 and/ or heredity for DM type 2 in patients. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we show associations between heredity, height, body mass index, DM type 1, or DM type 2 and gene variants in the insulin receptor gene in patients with schizophrenia. Taken together, these findings clearly point to that the insulin receptor gene is involved in schizophrenia susceptibility.
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| 16. |
- Melkersson, Kristina, et al.
(author)
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Early-onset inguinal hernia as risk factor for schizophrenia or related psychosis : a nationwide register-based cohort study
- 2017
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - : MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS. - 0172-780X. ; 27, s. S900-S901
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: In an earlier interview study, we found that more men with familial schizophrenia had undergone inguinal hernia operation, than men with sporadic schizophrenia. However, there are no other studies published specifically on inguinal hernia and schizophrenia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to carry out a Swedish register-based cohort study on the association between inguinal hernia and schizophrenia or related psychosis. METHODS: Data from the Total Population-and Medical Birth-Registers were used to create a cohort of all individuals born in Sweden 1987-1999 (n=1 406 168). The cohort individuals were linked with the In-and Out-patient Registers and followed from birth to 2015 to identify onset of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and inguinal hernia. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association between inguinal hernia before age 13 and risk of developing schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder during a follow-up from age 13. RESULTS: Inguinal hernia before age 13 was identified in 21 095 individuals, and during the follow-up in total 1314 individuals developed schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. The risk of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder was higher among individuals with inguinal hernia before age 13, than among individuals without such a diagnosis, especially among the men [adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval); all: 1.44 (1.01-2.06), p=0.0452, men: 1.46 (1.01-2.12), p=0.0460, women: 0.56 (0.14-2.27), p=0.4173]. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that early-onset inguinal hernia is associated with increased risk of developing schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, especially in men. Such an association may point to a common biological basis for the development of inguinal hernia and schizophrenia or related psychosis.
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| 20. |
- Melkersson, Kristina, et al.
(author)
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Evidence for a negative association between schizophrenia and a polymorphism in the insulin receptor substrate-3 (IRS-3) gene
- 2012
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - : Brain Research Promotion. - 0172-780X. ; 33:3, s. 321-330
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Since there are clear indications that schizophrenia is a systemic disorder, we sought for a common molecular basis for schizophrenia abnormalities in brain and body. Our hypothesis was that an impaired insulin and insulin-like growth factor signalling in cells might underlie changes in both brain and body in schizophrenia. In this regard, the insulin receptor substrates 1-4, linking both the insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors with intracellular pathways, might be of interest to study genetically. In the present study, we chose to study the insulin receptor substrate-3 (IRS-3) gene as a candidate gene in schizophrenia. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMETHODS: The IRS-3 gene of 93 patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia according to DSM-IV criteria and 57 healthy control subjects was screened for DNA sequence variations, followed by case-control analyses of total 10 detected polymorphisms. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanRESULTS: The A/G genotype of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs117078492 in the IRS-3 gene occurred in 5.3% of the control subjects compared with in 0% of the patients (p=0.05). Similarly, the haplotypes 5 and 3X, constructed from polymorphisms in the IRS-3 gene and including the A allele of this A/G SNP, occurred only in the control subjects and not in the patients (5.3% vs 0%, p=0.05). less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanCONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that individuals carrying the A allele of this A/G SNP in the IRS-3 gene as well as the estimated haplotypes 5 or 3X including this A allele, have a protection against schizophrenia development.
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| 28. |
- Melkersson, Kristina, et al.
(author)
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus and the risk for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder : a Swedish nationwide register-based cohort study
- 2019
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - : MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS. - 0172-780X .- 2354-4716. ; 29, s. S75-S75
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), resulting from an immune-associated destruction of insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cells, has been reported in a few earlier studies to be inversely associated with schizophrenia, but not with schizophrenia-like psychoses. The aim of this study was to verify this finding by carrying out a Swedish register study.METHODS: Data from the Total Population- and Medical Birth-Registers were used to create a cohort of all individuals born in Sweden 1987-2004. The cohort individuals were linked with the Inpatient- and Outpatient-Registers and followed from birth to 2017 to identify onset of T1DM, schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess the association between T1DM and risk of developing schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder during a follow-up from age 13.RESULTS: The study population included 1 745 977 individuals and the length of follow-up was maximally 18.0 (median 9.7) years. During the follow-up, 1 280 individuals developed schizophrenia and 649 individuals schizoaffective disorder. The risk of developing schizophrenia was significantly lower among individuals with, than among individuals without, a diagnosis of T1DM, whereas the risk of developing schizoaffective disorder did not differ among individuals with or without a T1DM diagnosis [adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval); schizophrenia: 0.29 (0.09-0.91), p=0.0338, schizoaffective disorder: 1.50 (0.71-3.16), p=0.29091].CONCLUSIONS: This study, in line with previous studies, shows that a diagnosis of T1DM is associated with a decreased risk of schizophrenia. This finding of an inverse association between T1DM and schizophrenia may bring an interesting piece, related to autoimmunity, into the schizophrenia-aetiology puzzle.
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| 30. |
- Mraz, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Factors influencing fatty acid composition of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) muscle
- 2011
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In: Neuro Endocrinology Letters. - 0172-780X. ; 32, s. 3-8
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is evidence that n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are beneficial for human health, especially for the cardiovascular system. The sources of n-3 HUFA, including EPA and DHA, are scarce in diet consumed by the Czech population. Thus, it would be beneficial to generally increase fish consumption and also to increase the content of the beneficial fatty acids (FA) in locally produced fish and other products. Therefore the overall aim of this paper was to review factors influencing lipid content and composition in common carp, which is the major cultured fish in the Czech Republic, and to identify long term sustainable ways for increasing the beneficial fatty acids in the carp flesh. We conclude that there are several ways to improve the FA composition of common carp in the traditional pond production. High amount of natural food, good supplemental diet containing high level of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and suitable processing and cooking were identified as the most important ones.
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| 31. |
- Muss, Claus, et al.
(author)
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The effectiveness of choline citrate infusions monitored by lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) in multiple sclerosis. A new approach to the diagnosis and treatment of the disease
- 2009
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - 0172-780X. ; 30:3, s. 331-334
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The efficacy of intravenous choline citrate infusions was investigated in 34 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by clinical evaluation and by monitoring of lymphocyte proliferation in vitro against fragments of myelin basic protein (MOG-35-55, MBP15-31, PLP 39-15) over a period of 12 weeks. Patients have been diagnosed with MS at least one year before entering the study and suffered from mild relapsing/remitting course to long-term chronic progressive disease. Twenty one patients exhibited positive lymphocyte proliferation to myelin fragments prior to treatment and were therefore selected for further studies. Choline citrate was administered with a dosage of 1200mg/ 2x week for a period of 3 months. This treatment resulted in a significant decrease of lymphocyte proliferation to neural fragments (MOG- 35-55, MBP15-31) in lymphocyte transformation test (LTT). There was no significant SI change of PLP Peptide (PLP 39-15) LTT found after treatment with choline citrate. During the 3 mo observation period, patients remained stable and no side-effects of the treatment were observed. In addition, some patients reported long-lasting improvement (less paresthesia and increase of muscle strength in lower extremities) which was demonstrated up to 3 years later. In one spectacular case a commercial pilot was able to return to duty again after treatment. This pilot was allowed back in to his position as a commercial flying cockpit member and is on duty for more than 4 yrs now.
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| 34. |
- Schiller Vestergren, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Fatty acids and gene expression responses to bioactive compounds in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) hepatocytes
- 2011
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In: Neuro Endocrinology Letters. - 0172-780X. ; 32 (Suppl. 2), s. 41-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Effects of bioactive compounds on expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and fatty acid composition were investigated in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) primary hepatocytes. METHODS: Five treatments were investigated: I) genistein 0.005 mM, II) genistein 0.025 mM, III) lipoic acid 0.2 mM, IV) sesamin/episesamin 0.05 mM, V) sesamin 0.05 mM and compared to controls. The relative expression of genes involved in lipid homeostasis was analysed after 12h and 48h. RESULTS: Incubation with lipoic acid, sesamin and episesamin/sesamin for 48h had significant effect on all analysed genes involved in lipid uptake, β-oxidation, elongation and desaturation, some effects were detected on the expression of peroxisome prolifertor-activated receptor (PPARs). Also effects on the fatty acid composition were found. CONCLUSION: The strongest effect of bioactive copounds on hepatocyte gene expression was detected after 48 hours.
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| 35. |
- Seremak-Mrozikiewicz, Agnieszka, et al.
(author)
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TNF-alpha gene polymorphism and fetal Doppler velocimetry in intrauterine growth restriction
- 2008
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In: Neuroendocrinology Letters. - 0172-780X. ; 29:4, s. 493-499
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) frequently is a cause of fetal morbidity and mortality, and influences perinatal outcome. Several genes have been identified to explain aetiology of IUGR, beside others the gene coding for tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). DESIGN: To investigate frequency of AM polymorphism of TNF-alpha gene and its correlation with TNF-alpha level in maternal serum, Doppler velocimetry and perinatal outcome in pregnancies suspected for IUGR. SETTING: 42 pregnancies with IUGR and 50 matched healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Maternal venous blood samples were investigated in relationship to blood flow Doppler velocimetry in umbilical (UA) and middle cerebral (MCA) arteries. AlwI polymorphism was analysed using PCR/RFLP assays. TNF-alpha level was evaluated by immunoelectophoretic method. RESULTS: A higher frequency of mutated -238A alleles (13.1% vs. 7.0%) and genotypes containing at least one mutated -238A allele (23.8% vs. 14.0%) were found in the IUGR group. The tendency to the higher TNF-alpha level in IUGR subgroups with the presence of at least one mutated A allele (258.9 +/- 231.3 vs. 174.1 +/- 145.6 pg/ml) was detected. No statistical differences were detected for PI values in UA and MCA arteries considering particular genotypes (GG vs. GA + AA) separately in IUGR group. CONCLUSION: Increased UA vascular impedance and signs of brain sparing in MCA are related to IUGR and increased TNF-alpha level in maternal serum. AlwI polymorphism might play a role in IUGR aetiology and influence TNF-alpha expression in maternal serum, but was not related to Doppler velocimetry or with perinatal outcome.
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| 36. |
- Soukup, Ondrej, et al.
(author)
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The effect of HI-6 on cholinesterases and on the cholinergic system of the rat bladder.
- 2008
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In: Neuro endocrinology letters. - 0172-780X. ; 29:5, s. 759-62
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The current standard treatment of organophosphate poisoning consists of an administration of anticholinergic drugs and cholinesterase reactivators (oximes). Oximes can react - except their reactivating effect on cholinesterases - directly with cholinoreceptors. HI-6 is an oxime that may have an inhibitory effect on the muscarinic receptors, too. METHODS: In our work, we have investigated an influence of HI-6 on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and on the muscarinic receptors in vitro. The study was conducted using biosensor technique and on the rat bladder using in vitro test (tissue bath; methacholine as muscarinic agonist). IC50 for BChE from human serum was determined to be 1.01x10-6 M and for human erythrocytes AChE 3.31x10-6 M, respectively. CONCLUSION: We assume that the demonstrated contractile response can be attributed to the inhibition of the AChE at the lower concentration and to a predominant inhibition of muscarinic receptor at higher concentration of compound tested.
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| 37. |
- Stejskal, Vera, et al.
(author)
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Metal-induced inflammation triggers fibromyalgia in metal-allergic patients
- 2013
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - 0172-780X. ; 34:6, s. 559-565
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disease of unknown etiology. Inflammation could be one of the mechanisms behind this disease. OBJECTIVES: We studied the frequency and clinical relevance of metal allergy in FM patients. METHODS: Fifteen female FM patients were included in the study. Metal allergy was measured by a lymphocyte transformation test, MELISA (R). Ten healthy age-matched women were used as controls for in vitro studies. Reduction of metal exposure in the FM patients was achieved by replacement of dental metal restorations and by the avoidance of known sources of metal exposure. Objective health assessment was performed 5 years after treatment. Subjective health assessment was established by a questionnaire, completed 2, 5 and in some cases 10 years after the start of the study. Follow-up MELISA was also performed. RESULTS: All FM patients tested positive to at least one of the metals tested. The most frequent reactions were to nickel, followed by inorganic mercury, cadmium and lead. Some healthy controls responded to inorganic mercury in vitro but most of the tests were negative. Objective examination 5 years later showed that half of the patients no longer fulfilled the FM diagnosis, 20% had improved and the remaining 30% still had FM. All patients reported subjective health improvement. This correlated with the normalisation of metal-specific responses in vitro. CONCLUSION: Metal allergy is frequent in FM patients. The reduction of metal exposure resulted in improved health in the majority of metal-sensitized patients. This suggests that metal-induced inflammation might be an important risk factor in a subset of patients with FM.
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| 38. |
- Susoliakova, O., et al.
(author)
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Salivary cortisol in two professions: Daily cortisol profiles in school teachers and firefighters
- 2014
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In: Neuroendocrinology Letters. - 0172-780X. ; 35:4, s. 314-321
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND; It's indicated negative-perceived stress could induce worse health status and change of cortisol secretion. OBJECTIVES: To assess salivary cortisol levels in two occupations with a high psychosocial workload, but different features, teachers and firefighters. METHODS: The study population consisted of 142 school teachers and 136 firefighters. Four saliva samples were collected from pedagogical participants during their busiest workday. The cortisol measures used were: morning values, evening values, slope of decline, ratio (evening value divided by morning value), and area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: The salivary cortisol measurements in both genders were almost equal regarding morning values, slope, and AUC increase. Evening values were lower and the relative reactivity was higher (lower ratio) for female teachers, compared to male teachers. There was a tendency of a lower total daytime output of cortisol (AUC ground) among female teachers. Firefighters had lower levels of cortisol, lower total daytime output, and higher relative reactivity (lower ratio), but lower absolute reactivity, regarding both slope and AUC increase. CONCLUSION: Overall, male teachers might be the group most affected by stress in this study, even if some of their cortisol values were almost equal to the female teachers' values. Male teachers also seemed to be more affected by stress, according to salivary cortisol, compared to male firefighters, even if there were some inconsistencies. © 2014 Neuroendocrinology Letters.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Walser, Marion, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Effects of peripheral administration of GH and IGF-I on gene expression in the hippocampus of hypophysectomised rats
- 2018
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In: Neuroendocrinology Letters. - 0172-780X. ; 39:7, s. 525-531
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Growth hormone (GH) increases insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) production and both hormones affect hippocampal plasticity. We have previously shown that Hbb and Alas2 in the rat hippocampus were robustly regulated by GH-infusions for six days, whereas other transcripts were weakly affected. Here, weexplored the effects of prolonged GH administration on transcripts linked to neuroprotection and investigated whether serum IGF-I administration may exert similar effects. DESIGN: Hypophysectomised female rats were infused with GH or IGF-I for 19 days. Hbb, Alas2 and seven additional GH- and IGF-I-related transcripts were quantified by Q-RT-PCR in rat hippocampus. RESULTS: Three transcripts, Hbb, Alas2, and Aloxl5 were increased by both GH and IGF-I administration. The other transcripts were marginally affected. CONCLUSION: The 19-day GH-infusion induced similar effects as those reported after 6-day GH treatment, with the addition of the regulation of transcript Aloxl5. IGF-I induced altered gene expression in relation to its effect on weight gain. This study underlines that there is an entity of transcripts involved in neuroprotection and vascular tone that is regulated by both systemic GH and IGF-I. For other transcripts, the longer duration of this study did not significantly enhance the marginal effects of GH administration seen previously. © 2018 Neuroendocrinology Letters
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| 42. |
- Yaqob, Amer, et al.
(author)
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Metal-specific lymphocyte reactivity is downregulated after dental metal replacement
- 2006
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In: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - 0172-780X. ; 27:1-2, s. 189-197
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: This study was done to evaluate the results and clinical relevance of an optimized lymphocyte proliferation test, MELISA, for metal-induced inflammation in patients with CFS-like symptoms. The treatment of patients consisted of the replacement of incompatible dental materials (RID) together with supportive anti-oxidant therapy. DESIGN OF THE STUDY: 513 patients were tested by MELISA at the beginning of the study. Out of this group, 248 patients were available for follow-up MELISA after RID. METHODS: In MELISA, lymphocytes are isolated from the blood and cultivated with different metal salts in tissue culture medium containing 10% inactivated human AB+ serum or autologous serum. After 5 days, the presence of metal-reactive lymphocytes are measured by isotope labelling of newly formed DNA in growing lymphoblasts and evaluated by calculating the Stimulation Index. RESULTS: Nickel was the most common sensitizer, followed by inorganic mercury, thimerosal, lead, cadmium, palladium and gold. After RID treatment, a decrease of metal-specific lymphocyte responses in patients who reacted to metals at the beginning of the study could be observed. The cultivation of lymphocytes in autologous and homologous serum did not significantly affect the results. Simultaneous, the health status of patients improved as well. CONCLUSIONS: Replacement of incompatible dental materials resulted in down-regulation of metal-induced lymphocyte sensitivity in vitro, as well as in the improvement of health status of majority of patients with unspecific CFS-like symptoms.
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