| 1. |
- Björn, Lars Olof, et al.
(författare)
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How does light affect melatonin?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Medical Hypotheses. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-2777 .- 0306-9877. ; Jun 4, s. 458-458
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Chourbaji, Sabine, et al.
(författare)
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CREB-regulated diurnal activity patterns are not indicative for depression-like symptoms in mice and men.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Medical Hypotheses. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-9877 .- 1532-2777. ; 70:1, s. 117-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Activation of the transcription factor CREB by Ser142 phosphorylation is implicated in synchronizing circadian rhythmicity, which is disturbed in many depressive patients. Hence, one could assume that emotional behaviour and neuroendocrinological markers would be altered in CREB(S142A) mice, in which serine 142 is replaced by alanine, preventing phosphorylation at this residue. Moreover, associations of CREB Ser142 and seasonal affective disorder (SAD) might be detectable by the analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CREB gene close to the Ser142 residue in SAD patients. However, neither CREB(S142A) mice demonstrate features of depression, nor there is evidence for an association of SAD with the CREB genotypes. Nevertheless, in humans there is an association of a global seasonality score and circadian rhythmicity with the CREB genotypes in healthy control probands, but not SAD patients. This parallels the phenotype of CREB(S142A) mice, presenting alterations of circadian rhythm and light-induced entrainment. Thus it is reasonable to assume that CREB Ser142 represents a molecular switch in mice and men, which is responsible for the (dys)regulation of circadian rhythms.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Frisk, G, et al.
(författare)
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A unifying hypothesis on the development of type 1 diabetes and celiac disease : Gluten consumption may be a shared causative factor
- 2008
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Ingår i: Medical Hypotheses. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-9877 .- 1532-2777. ; 70:6, s. 1207-1209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a hypothesis of the aetiology of the increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D). This together with the global increased incidence of celiac disease (CID) and that these increases cannot be explained by genetic factors suggest a common environmental factor for these two diseases. Even though enterovirus (EV) infections are believed to trigger T1D and gluten is the trigger of CD, the increasing intake of gluten containing products all over the world could be the trigger for both diseases directly and indirectly. It has been shown that the duration of exposure to gluten is related to the prevalence of T1D. It has also been shown that T1D patients at onset have an inflammatory reaction in the gut. Hence, early diagnose of CD followed by elimination of dietary gluten will lead to a decreased incidence of T1D.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Husser, Daniela, et al.
(författare)
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Electroatriography - Time-frequency analysis of atrial, fibrillation from modified 12-lead ECG configurations for improved diagnosis and therapy
- 2007
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Ingår i: Medical Hypotheses. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-2777 .- 0306-9877. ; 68:3, s. 568-573
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current atrial fibrillation (AF) management guidelines suggest that initially a decision must be made to apply either a rate control or rhythm control strategy in the individual patient. However, patients' selection remains substantially empirical and the strategy initially chosen often proves unsuccessful and alternative therapies must be adopted. Thus, it seems desirable to develop and apply tests that quantify AF disease state and guide AF management. The overall hypothesis of this paper is that time-frequency analysis of AF from modified 12-lead ECG configurations will improve AF management beyond current diagnostic and therapeutic standards. In particular, we present a novel concept in which 12-lead ECG configurations are modified for time-frequency analysis of AF (electroatriography). While five electrodes (VR, VL, VF, V1, V2) are placed in the conventional position, the other four electrodes (V3, V4, V5, V6) are empirically repositioned anterior or posterior over the atria. By applying spatiotemporal QRST cancellation and time-frequency analysis to these recordings in 19 patients with persistent AF, fibrillatory rate dispersion among individual anterior (25 14 fibrillations per minute, fpm) and posterior leads (16 +/- 11 fpm) as well as individual anterior/posterior rate gradients ranging between -24 and +116 fpm could be identified. Consequently, the portrayed techniques may form the conceptual basis for individualized noninvasive characterization of AF. Initiation of further studies using the described techniques in different AF subsets, for comparisons with intracardiac recordings and outcome of different therapies, e.g. cardioversion, antiarrhythmic drug and ablation therapy may be stimulated. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 7. |
- Persson, Annette, et al.
(författare)
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The glioma cell edge - winning by engulfing the enemy?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Medical Hypotheses. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-2777 .- 0306-9877. ; 73, s. 336-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Malignant glioma and glioblastoma multiforme form the largest group of highly malignant brain tumours, for which there is yet no definitive cure. Different approaches to treatment have been tried, in vain or with minimal benefit for the patient. In addition to surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, immunotherapy aiming at evoking an inflammatory reaction against the tumour itself has been tried. Immunotherapy has shown good results in an experimental mouse model, but no convincing efficacy/success in patients. Why are the gliomas always winning, how do they take the lead? The following phenomena lead us to propose an hypothesis about the reason for the glioma lead: the reported findings of phagocytic activity in reactive and neoplastic astrocytes in animal models and humans; the frequently observed ingested "non-self material"/debris in glioma cells; the markedly high contents of tumour cells with phagocytic phenotype in gliomas and the signs of only limited and temporary inflammatory reactions in different immunotherapy attempts. Whether it being a true phagocytosis, an engulfing or comparable activity by the glioma cells, contributing to the tumour's self defense against e.g. antitumoural therapies, it should be beneficial to attempt hampering these self defense properties e.g. by blocking their engulfing capacity.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Behre, Carl Johan, 1968
(författare)
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Adiponectin: saving the starved and the overfed.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Medical hypotheses. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-9877. ; 69:6, s. 1290-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardio- and cerebrovascular disease is increasing in the Western world. The adipocyte derived protein adiponectin is thought to have a protective role against these conditions. But why is it so? Is it reasonable to believe that we have adiponectin to gain protection from welfare related diseases? Humans have had a far deadlier foe throughout history than obesity and sedentariness and that is starvation. During starvation, the body is catabolic in order to provide fuel. Catabolism is also seen in patients with advanced cardiac or renal failure, type 1 diabetes and anorexia. These subjects have higher adiponectin levels than controls. In this article, I will put forward the hypothesis that the adiponectin system evolved in order to help us to survive periods of malnourishment.
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