| 1. |
- Amcoff, Jan, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Back to the city : internal return migration to metropolitan regions in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 45:10, s. 2477-2494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Longitudinal microdata on the Swedish population, 1990-2006, are used to examine the numbers and characteristics of internal return migrants, emphasizing Sweden's three largest cities. Our study indicates that metropolitan regions are gaining population from net return migration, which thus carries people in the same direction as does most internal migration. Evidence also indicates that returnees to metropolitan regions are more likely to stay permanently than are migrants returning elsewhere. Furthermore, return migrants to metropolitan regions are distinguished from other return migrants in ways that emphasize the advantages of these regions, higher incomes and levels of education being among the pronounced attributes. However, metro-bound returnees do not have as many children as do other return migrants.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Eva, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Ethnic segregation and performance inequality in the Swedish school system : a regional perspective
- 2010
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 42:11, s. 2674-2686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden is today an immigrant country with more than 14% foreign born. An increasing share of the immigrants comes from non-European countries. This implies that Sweden has been transformed from an ethnically homogenous country into a country with a large visible minority. In this paper we survey the effect of this change on school segregation. Building on Schelling's model for residential segregation, we argue that establishment of a visible minority has triggered a process of school segregation that in some respects can be compared with the developments in the United States. In order to test the validity of a Schelling-type process in Swedish schools we compare segregation levels in regions with different shares of visible minority students.We use data from the PISA 2003 survey in combination with register data on the ethnic composition of student population in different parts of Sweden. We find that school segregation is higher in regions with a large visible-minority population.We also find that, controlling for student background, there are smaller differences in performance across schools in regions with low shares of minority students.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Import flows: extraregional linkages stimulating renewal of regional sectors?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment & Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 45:12, s. 2999-3017
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examine the role of regional import flows for renewal of regional industries. The hypothesis is that imports stimulate renewal of local industries by being vehicles for technology diffusion and means by which local firms can exploit advantages of global specialisation. We find robust and positive relationships between high-quality imports and renewal of regional exports, where the latter are measured by the introduction of novel export products of local firms. Connectedness to international markets via import networks appears to be a stimulus for the renewal of regional exports.
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| 4. |
- Ansell, Nicola, et al.
(författare)
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Spaces, times, and critical moments : a relational time-space analysis of the impacts of AIDS on rural youth in Malawi and Lesotho
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 43:3, s. 525-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Southern Africa's AIDS epidemic is profoundly spatially and temporally structured; so too are the lives of the young people whose families it blights. In this paper we draw on qualitative research with AIDS-affected young people in Malawi and Lesotho, and recent work theorising time space in human geography, to examine how time spaces of AIDS-related sickness and death intersect with the time spaces of young people and, importantly, those of their relations with others to produce differentiated outcomes for young people. We also explore the time spaces of those outcomes and of young people's responses to them. We conclude that a relational time space analysis of the impacts of AIDS on young people helps explain the diversity of those young people's experiences and allows AIDS to be contextualised more adequately in relation to everyday life and young people's wider lifecourses and their relationships with others. Moreover, the research points to the significance of the time space structuring of society in shaping the outcomes of familial sickness and death for young people.
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| 5. |
- Bull, Jacob
(författare)
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Encountering fish, flows, and waterscapes through angling
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 43:10, s. 2267-2284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the material intertwinings of fish and water. It discusses how thepresence of water and fish is simultaneously material and immaterial and examines how the processesand tensions between narratives of fish and water are caught up and inform human encounters withwaterscapes.In particular, the paper does three things: first, it highlights the tensions between theangling literature and the practices and performances of angling. Second, it examines how fishembody the material and imaginative aspects of waterscapes, highlighting how fish are shaped to fitin or adapt to `environmental quality' and human expectations. Third, it examines how water may bethought through as `fishy' as made animate by the creatures that dwell there.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Christophers, Brett
(författare)
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Geographical knowledges and neoliberal tensions : compulsory land purchase in the context of contemporary urban redevelopment
- 2010
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 42:4, s. 856-873
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The author examines the materialization of geographical knowledges in relation to the ongoing neoliberalization of urban space where the latter is based on processes of compulsory land purchase. The specific context for the study is two recently planned commercial redevelopments for the south London borough of Croydon in the United Kingdom, and the arguments mustered in support of these proposals. The author identifies and discusses three principal sets of geographical knowledges, which he examines under the headings symbolic, biopolitical, and scalar. In each case, he shows that the knowledges have strong modernist overtones. The paper seeks both to understand and contextualize these historical connections, and to consider the contemporary political work performed by the knowledges in question.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Eriksson, Rikard, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Industries, skills and human capital : how does regional size affect uneven development?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 45:3, s. 593-613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses how the composition of industry structures, skills and human capital is related to regional development in peripheral and central locations. We do this by means of OLS models to analyse the relationship between purchase power growth and employment growth between 2001 and 2008 as well as a selection of variables constructed via register data of the total population in Sweden. The analysis demonstrates an evident spatial division of post-industrial development that larger regions benefit relatively more from than smaller regions do. The empirical findings indicate that a transition towards more knowledge intensive sectors and a higher educated labour force has the strongest impact on development in the largest Swedish regions, while a transition from manual skills towards more creative skills shows only a positive relationship with development in medium size regions. Consequently, the paper argues that the recent appraisal of the knowledge based economy mainly benefits the largest urban regions, meaning that regional size is an important parameter when discussing trajectories of regional development and the adaption to contemporary economic development paths.
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| 12. |
- Florida, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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China’s Development Disconnect
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 44:3, s. 628-648
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- China is currently seeking to transform its economic structure from a traditional industrial to a more innovative, human-capital driven, and knowledge-based economy. Our research examines the effects of three key factors on Chinese regional development in an attempt to gauge to what degree China has transformed from an industrial to a knowledge-based economy, based on higher levels of (1) technology and innovation, (2) human capital and knowledge/professional/creative occupations, and (3) factors like tolerance, universities, and amenities which act on the flow of the first two. We employ structural equation models to gauge the effects of these factors on the economic performance of Chinese regions. Our research generates four key findings. First, the distribution of talent (measured both as human capital and as knowledge – professional and creative occupations) is considerably more concentrated than in the US or other advanced economies. Second, universities are the key factor in shaping the distribution both of talent and of technological innovation. Third, tolerance also plays a role in shaping the distribution of talent and technology across Chinese regions. Fourth, and perhaps most strikingly, we find that neither talent nor technology is associated with the economic performance of Chinese regions. This stands in sharp contrast to the pattern in advanced economies and suggests that the Chinese economic model, at least at the time of data collection, appears to be far less driven by the human capital or technology factors that propel more advanced economies. This, in turn, suggests that China is likely to face substantial obstacles in moving from its current industrial stage of development to a more knowledge-based economy.
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| 13. |
- Grange, Kristina, 1970
(författare)
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In Search of Radical Democracy: The Ideological Character of Current Political Advocacies for Culture Change in Planning
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environment and Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 1472-3409 .- 0308-518X. ; 46:11, s. 2670-2685
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper argues that current attempts to situate the crisis in planning in demoralised or old planning cultures are playing a key role in strengthening the ideological commitment of planning to an advanced liberal social order. In order to provide planners with the means to understand some of the ideological mechanisms at work in such processes, the 2007 Danish structural reform and the parallel advocacy for culture change in planning are analysed. Drawing on post-Marxist theories of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, the analysis draws attention to the need for reflection on whether the current ideological commitment of planning is that which best serves a democratic society.
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| 14. |
- Gössling, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Frequent flyer programmes and the reproduction of aeromobility
- 2010
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Ingår i: Environment & Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X. ; 42:1, s. 241-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is now increasingly recognized that aviation is an important driver of individual and global mobility. Growth in mobility is not evenly distributed, however: recent studies indicate that a relatively small, highly mobile part of society may account for a large share of the total distances travelled. In reviewing one of the processes that may lead to growth in individual aeromobility, the paper focuses on frequent flyer programmes (FFPs) as an institutionalized framework for high mobility, detailing how these programmes reward and thus increase interest in aeromobility. Results are linked to a number of observations regarding the interrelationship of high mobility and social status, and substantiated by a survey of FFP members and their perspectives on benefits provided by such programmes. It is argued that FFPs reward high mobility and discursively interlink frequent flying with social status, which is an important element in the development of mobility patterns which shape and create the social structures that 'necessitate' air travel.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Hedman, Lina, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Neighbourhood choice and neighbourhood reproduction
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : Pion. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 43:6, s. 1381-1399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although we know a lot about why households choose certain dwellings, we know relatively little about the mechanisms behind their choice of neighbourhood. Most studies of neighbourhood choice focus only on one or two dimensions of neighbourhoods: typically poverty and ethnicity. In this paper we argue that neighbourhoods have multiple dimensions and that models of neighbourhood choice should take these dimensions into account. We propose the use of a conditional logit model. From this approach we can gain insight into the interaction between individual and neighbourhood characteristics which lead to the choice of a particular neighbourhood over alternative destinations. We use Swedish register data to model neighbourhood choice for all households which moved in the city of Uppsala between 1997 and 2006. Our results show that neighbourhood sorting is a highly structured process where households are very likely to choose neighbourhoods where the neighbourhood population matches their own characteristics. We find that income is the most important driver of the sorting process, although ethnicity and other demographic and socioeconomic characteristics play important roles as well.
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| 17. |
- Hracs, Brian, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Standing out in the crowd : the rise of exclusivity-based strategies to compete in the contemporary marketplace for music and fashion
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 45:5, s. 1144-1161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Geographers have studied the complex relationships between cultural production, consumption, and space for some time, but the marketplace for cultural products is being reconfigured by digital technologies and broader societal trends. For producers of fashion and music the contemporary marketplace is a double-edged sword featuring lower entry barriers and fierce competition from an unprecedented number of producers and ubiquitous substitutes. Global firms and local entrepreneurs struggle to stand out in the crowd and command monopoly rents for their unique goods and services. This paper examines how independent cultural producers use ‘exclusivity’ to generate attention and distinction. Drawing on qualitative research with independent musicians and fashion designers in Toronto, Stockholm, Berlin, and New York it presents three mechanisms through which exclusivity can be created. These include exploiting consumer demand for uniqueness, enrolling consumers into the production and promotion process, and manipulating physical and virtual space.
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| 18. |
- Hultman, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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The European waste hierarchy: from the sociomateriality of waste to a politics of consumption
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environment and Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 1472-3409 .- 0308-518X. ; 44:10, s. 2413-2427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Municipal solid waste is a central concern for environmental policy, and the sociomateriality of waste—the ways in which waste is socially defined and dealt with—is an important issue for sustainability. We show how applying the European Union’s waste policy through the European Waste Hierarchy (EWH) affects the sociomateriality of waste. The EWH ranks the desirability of different waste-management approaches according to their environmental impact. We investigate how the EWH has been acknowledged and interpreted in five different organizational contexts with relevance for Swedish waste management: EU environmental policy, the Swedish EPA, two municipal waste-management companies, and the trade organization Swedish Waste Management which represents the interests of municipal bodies involved with waste. In addition to preventing the production of waste, the EWH aims to disassemble, circulate, and reintroduce as much material as possible into production processes. We show how these aims shape paradoxical relationships between economy and society on the one hand, and environment and nature on the other, and open the way for a discussion of a politics of consumption through material management.
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| 19. |
- Jansson, Johan, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Quality and regional competitiveness
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 43:9, s. 2237-2252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent literature on competitiveness has focused on innovation and industrial dynamics.In this paper it is argued that innovation is not enough when competing on global markets, at least incertain types of industries where performance, standards, and perceptions of the product are at theforefront. In addition to existing theory,we focus on the role of `quality' in creating and sustaining regionalcompetitive advantage. A theoretical framework for identifying and analyzing processes creating andrecreating understandings, perceptions, and experiences of quality, that is, a quality promise, is presented.In the framework, the quality process is divided into three dimensions, labelled performance, projection,and protection. Regional competitiveness is arguably achieved when: (a) a good or a service is wellrepresented in one or more of the quality dimensions; (b) quality perception and knowledge permeateall actors and their activities and are inherent throughout the value chain; and (c) space is an integralpart of these processes in that it facilitates (i) localized learning/localization economies, and(ii) place-based branding. It is argued that `quality' should be viewed as deeply embedded in spaceand that quality processes have both homogeneous and heterogeneous characteristics.
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| 20. |
- Karvonen, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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The civics of urban nature : enacting hybrid landscapes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 43:6, s. 1305-1322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban nature is typically managed through top-down, bureaucratic, and expert-driven approaches that tend to rationalize and simplify the interactions between humans and their surroundings. In the last few decades, there has been a significant push in cultural geography and the design disciplines to develop a relational ontology of urban nature, a perspective that emphasizes the hybrid connections between humans and nonhumans, built and unbuilt, social and natural. This perspective offers new and exciting ways of conceptualizing urban nature but it has not produced alternatives to conventional governance. In other words, thinking differently about urban nature has yet to produce different ways of interacting with it. In this paper we argue that civic environmentalism can enact a relational ontology by engaging urban residents in processes of democratic deliberation and action in the reworking of urban nature. We illustrate this approach with a case study of a community-led project to construct a pedestrian trail along an urban creek in Seattle, Washington. The example demonstrates how the concept of civic environmentalism embraces a relational perspective of urban nature, while also producing generative forms of political action.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Malmberg, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Links between ill health and regional economic performance : Evidence from Swedish longitudinal data
- 2010
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 42:5, s. 1210-1220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While poor health has been associated with economic outcomes at the national level, its effect on economic outcomes at the individual and local level remains less well known. Using nationally representative longitudinal data from Sweden, we examined the extent to which an individual’s poor health leads to poor economic outcomes for that individual. In order to understand the effects of poor health at a regional level, we also examined the spillover effects of the individual’s poor health on the economic outcomes of the people linked to the individual. We report an association between an individual’s poor health and both that individual’s subsequent adverse economic outcomes and adverse economic outcomes of the individual’s network. Our study highlights the importance of the association between health and economic well-being as well as potential adverse spillover effects of poor health on local economies.
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| 23. |
- Mellander, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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From Music Scenes to Music Clusters : The Economic Geography of Music in the U.S., 1970-2000
- 2010
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 42:4, s. 785-804
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Where do musicians locate, and why do creative industries such as music continue to cluster? This paper analyzes the economic geography of musicians and the recording industry in the US from 1970 to 2000, to shed light on the locational dynamics of music and creative industries more broadly. We examine the role of scale and scope economies in shaping the clustering and concentration of musicians and music industry firms. We argue that these two forces are bringing about a transformation in the geography of both musicians and music industry firms, evidenced in a shift away from regionally clustered, genre-specific music scenes, such as Memphis or Detroit, toward larger regional centers such as New York City and Los Angeles, which offer large markets for music employment and concentrations of other artistic and cultural endeavors that increase demand for musicians. We use population and income to probe for scale effects and look at concentrations of other creative and artistic industries to test for scope effects, while including a range of control variables in our analysis. We use lagged variables to determine whether certain places are consistently more successful at fostering concentrations of musicians and the music industry and to test for path dependency. We find some role for scale and scope effects and that both musicians and the music industry are concentrating in a relatively small number of large regional centers.
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| 24. |
- Metzger, Jonathan
(författare)
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Placing the stakes : the enactment of territorial stakeholders in planning processes
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 45:4, s. 781-796
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is an investigation into processes of becoming-stakeholder. It focuses specifically on strategic spatial planning where the stakeholder concept has become one of the linchpins of much contemporary theory and practice. Through drawing upon the sociology of attachments and scholarship on subjectification, it is argued that the enactment of stakeholders in strategic planning processes can be gainfully understood as the production of stakeholder subjectivities by way of practices of ontological choreography which can generate territorial attachments and rearticulate existing attachments into a specifically territorial format. From this perspective, stakeholderness is never an ontologically pregiven property to be uncovered by diligent analysis. Rather, we might come to see that stakeholder subjectification is a process through which actors learn to be affected, and where these affections further come to be articulated as territorial attachments engendering, or at least prompting, a 'caring for place'. Still, as relational effects, subjectivities are always potentially precarious achievements and it is important not to take for granted that the subjectivities enacted in a specific situation or setting will be easily transposable to other contexts.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Metzger, Jonathan, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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When soft spaces harden : the EU strategy for the Baltic Sea Region
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : Pion. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 44:2, s. 263-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the first ever so-called 'macroregional strategy' developed under the aegis of the European Commission: the European Union Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (EUSBSR). Through a drawing together of elements of actor-network theory and regionalization theory, it is argued that the adoption of the EUSBSR can be seen as a milestone within a wider process towards Baltic Sea regionalization, whereby the Baltic Sea region is increasingly 'solidified' through the positioning of the European Commission as a spokesperson for the interests of the region. It is further suggested that, if not seriously contested, the possible acceptance of the European Commission as a designated regional spokesperson might be a crucial step in a process whereby the soft space of the Baltic Sea Region may gradually become more formalized. Nonetheless, caution must be taken so as not to confuse degrees of formal institutional fixity with degrees of durability.
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| 27. |
- Mulder, Clara, et al.
(författare)
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Local Ties and Family Migration
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 46:9, s. 2195-2211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The migration of couples and families has thus far been approached mainly from human-capital and gender perspectives. In this article, we investigate how the male and female partner’s local ties influence the likelihood of family migration. Our hypotheses are that local ties to work and family strongly decrease the likelihood of migrating; that, given the dominating gender structures, ties to the man’s work are more influential than ties to the woman’s work; and that ties to the woman’s family are more influential than ties to the man’s family. We use data from the ASTRID micro database for Sweden, based on administrative information about the entire Swedish population. Logistic regression analysis was applied to moves that exceeded a distance of 50 kilometers for two-gender couples who did not separate in the period December 2004-December 2005. With regard to the likelihood of migrating, we find marked negative associations in the following: working close to home, the presence of parents and siblings nearby, and whether someone lives near the place of birth. The man’s ties to work seem to be more important to the likelihood of migrating than the woman’s, but we find hardly any gender differences in the impact of ties to family.
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| 28. |
- Mulder, Clara, et al.
(författare)
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Moving related to separation : who moves and to what distance
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : Pion. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 43:11, s. 2589-2607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We address the issue of moving from the joint home on the occasion of separation. Our research question is: To what extent can the occurrence of moves related to separation, and the distance moved, be explained by ties to the location, resources, and other factors influencing the likelihood of moving of persons who separate and their ex-partners? We use data from the unique ASTRID micro database for Sweden, based on administrative information about the entire Swedish population. The methods are logistic regression analysis of moving, and OLS regression of the log-distance moved, for people from two-gender couples who separated during the period 2004 ^ 05. We find marked negative effects of local ties to parents and siblings, work, and the location in general on moving and moving distance. The results concerning resources and other factors influencing moving were less pronounced. Particularly striking was the absence of an effect of education level.
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| 29. |
- Musterd, Sako, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal dimensions and the measurement of neighbourhood effects
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 44:3, s. 605-627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract. We conduct a panel analysis quantifying the degree to which the mixture of low-income, middle-income, and high-income males in the neighbourhood affects the subsequent labour income of individuals, and test the degree to which these effects vary by timing (lagging up to three years), duration (one to four years), and cumulative amount of exposure and to what extent these effects are persistent. We employ a fixed-effects model to reduce the potential bias arising from unmeasured individual characteristics leading to neighbourhood selection. The empirical study applies individual-level data for the working-age population of the three largest cities in Sweden covering the period 1991 – 2006. The analyses suggest that there are important temporal dimensions in the statistical effect of neighbourhood income mix: recent, continued, or cumulative exposure yields stronger associations than lagged, temporary ones, and there is a distinct time decay (though some persistence) in the potential effects after exposure ceases, though with some gender differences. Keywords:neighbourhood effects, social mixing, duration effects, lag effects, cumulative effects, fixed-effects modelsThis article has supplementary online material:Appendix
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| 30. |
- Niedomysl, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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What matters more for the decision to move: jobs versus amenities
- 2010
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Ingår i: Environment & Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X. ; 42:7, s. 1636-1649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Highly skilled workers are increasingly recognised as a key competitive asset for regional development, and claims have been made that emphasise the importance of certain amenities for the prospects of attracting this particular group of workers. We use a recent large-scale survey to investigate the relative importance of jobs versus amenities for the decision to migrate, as perceived by the migrants themselves. The paper thereby adds important insights to the existing literature that has hitherto mainly focused on analysing the extent to which aggregate migration flows correlate with employment-related or amenity-related factors. The results show that jobs are considerably more important for the decision to move among highly educated migrants compared with migrants with lower education.
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| 31. |
- Nightingale, Andrea J.
(författare)
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Fishing for Nature: the politics of subjectivity and emotion in Scottish in-shore fisheries management
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment and Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 45:10, s. 2363-2378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the relational emergence of subjects, emotions, and socionatures and their consequences for Scottish inshore fishery management. Using a conception of the embodied spatial production of individual and collective subjectivities, and the ‘ambivalence’ of the subject, I explore why some fishers are committed to sustaining the fishing ground and others are not. Many people who work the land or the sea have a deep respect for and attachment to those environments, but overexploit them to make a living. How is it that people whose livelihoods depend on ‘natural’ environments embody apparently contradictory relationships with those environments? I probe such contradictions by exploring how the boundaries between subjects and environments are formed, and the consequences for Scottish inshore fisheries management of such boundary un/making. Using work from socionature, subjectivity, and emotional geographies, I show how fishing subjectivities are highly political and produce emotional and practical responses that have real consequences for how fisheries management plays out. Attending to the way in which subjectivities position fishers differently in relation to their resources and fisheries policies is therefore vital for successful management.
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| 32. |
- Petrova, Saska, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of thermal comfort and housing quality : exploring the micro-geographies of energy poverty in Stakhanov, Ukraine
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - Thousand oaks : Sage Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 45:5, s. 1240-1257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growing recognition of the importance of indoor environments as 'active political-ecological spaces' has rarely been followed up by a systematic empirical engagement with the constituent dynamics and conceptual issues associated with infrastructural deprivation in this domain, particularly in non-Western contexts. Therefore, we investigate the relationship between self-reported perceptions of thermal comfort in the home, on the one hand, and a range of sociodemographic, housing, and health-related variables, on the other, via a quantitative analysis of a large-scale survey undertaken in the Eastern Ukrainian town of Stakhanov. Using the perceived level of thermal comfort as a starting point for its empirical explorations, we estimate the number and type of households who feel that they are receiving inadequate energy services in the home. Special attention is paid to the role of buildings in shaping the perceptions of thermal comfort.
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| 33. |
- Qviström, Mattias
(författare)
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Landscapes with a heartbeat: tracing a portable landscape for jogging in Sweden (1958–1971)
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment and Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X. ; 45, s. 312-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper traces the origins, marketing, and proliferation of a model facility for fitness running in Sweden (1958-71) in order to reveal the history of a mundane infrastructure of the modern Swedish town. In the process, it explores the possibility of following portable landscapes in order to provide richer stories on urbanisation. The paper first introduces an internationally renowned team in exercise physiology, together with how this team marketed fitness exercise in Sweden in the 1950s and 1960s. The study then follows the establishment of a heterogeneous network for the circulation of a portable landscape for jogging and outdoor exercise, with particular focus on the role of physicians and the Swedish Ski and Outdoor Association. The model was developed with the pulse at its centre as a reductive measurement of health. With the cycle ergometer and standardised fitness tests, the individual pulse was made manifest, combined with the marketing of the model facility for exercise which expressed a particular landscape ideal, with standardised centres for outdoor exercise established all over the country. With these new facilities, a bodily pulse, a societal rhythm, and a moral landscape of the modern welfare society proliferated.
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| 34. |
- Rekers, Josephine
(författare)
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We're number two! Beta cities and the cultural economy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environment & Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X. ; 44:8, s. 1912-1929
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Given that not every city can be an alpha city in today's global urban hierarchy, what options do beta cities such as Toronto or Chicago realistically have in the cultural economy? Put differently, if cultural capitals such as New York, London, Paris, and Tokyo play critically important roles in certifying and establishing new trends in theatre, fashion, and other cultural industries, how can beta cities compete? Recent research suggests that the spatial distribution of cultural industries strongly resembles one of urban hierarchy, where the institutions and infrastructure that support the production and diffusion of new products are largely concentrated in only a few world cities. The implication of this hierarchy is that there is a clearly defined top tier that lower ranked, beta, cities look to for inspiration as they seek to improve their standing. Comparative case studies of musical theatre scenes in Toronto and New York provide insights into an alternative functional perspective on urban hierarchies and the complementarities among cities. This approach makes a distinction between development and diffusion activities, thereby recognizing opportunities for beta cities as important sites for experimentation and innovation, supported by attributes that could be seen as unique (and localized) strengths in an increasingly global cultural economy.
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| 35. |
- Sandow, Erika, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Is your commute killing you? : On the mortality risks of long-distance commuting
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : Pion. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 46:6, s. 1496-1516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a general belief that expanding labour-market regions, triggered by increased commuting, have positive economic effects on individuals, firms, and society. Recently, however, scholars have reported possible negative outcomes related to health and well-being. Based on these findings, this study addresses the association between long-distance commuting, and mortality. Using longitudinal individual data from between 1985 and 2008, focusing on 55-year-olds in 1994, we model mortality through propensity score matching and Kaplan–Meyer estimates of survival among long-distance commuters and matched controls from the population travelling short distances to work. The results indicate that women who have experienced long-distance commuting face a significantly higher mortality risk compared with women with short commutes to work. This seems to be driven by variations in income and education: for example, for women with long-distance commuting experience, substantially lower survival rates are found among those with low education and low income. A very different picture emerges for men, for whom mortality risks do not seem to be associated with long-distance commuting. Our findings suggest that men and women are subject to different mechanisms regarding the nexus between commuting and mortality.
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| 36. |
- Tammaru, Tiit, et al.
(författare)
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Learning through contact? : The effects on earnings of immigrant exposure to the native population
- 2010
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 42:12, s. 2938-2955
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Factors influencing immigrant labour-market outcomes have received increased scholarly attention lately. A recent research focus has been the effects of residential setting on labour market outcomes. This study brings a new dimension to this emerging body of research, introducing the role played by workplace composition, in addition to place of residence, in immigrant earnings. Based on Swedish longitudinal register data, OLS regression is used to examine effects of previous exposure to natives on earnings in three immigrant cohorts (1990, 1995 and 2000) five years after arrival. Besides controlling for individual characteristics and various labour-market attributes, a two-step Heckman correction procedure is applied to take into account the selectivity of entering the Swedish labour market. The main finding of the study is that exposure to the native population at the workplace is more important than residential exposure for predicting immigrant earnings.
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| 37. |
- Tavasolli, Sam, et al.
(författare)
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Critical success factors and cluster evolution : A case study of the Linköping ICT cluster lifecycle
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : Pion Limited. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 46:6, s. 1425-1444
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the variation in the importance of critical success factors (CSFs) in the evolution of the Linköping ICT (information and communication technology) cluster in Sweden. The international empirical evidence of CSFs in ICT clusters reported in the literature is systematically reviewed. On this basis an object-oriented conceptual model is developed encompassing fifteen CSFs; each attributed to one or more objects: for example, firms, institutions, entrepreneurs. The lifecycle of the Linköping ICT cluster is delineated and its stages segmented. The existence and importance of each CSF at each stage of the cluster lifecycle is established empirically on the basis of interviews with key experts. The main findings comprise a stage-specific group of CSFs whose importance varies across the cluster's lifecycle stages with different patterns. The findings are aimed to stimulate policy makers and researchers alike to pursue further the line of enquiry developed in this paper.
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| 38. |
- Therborn, Göran
(författare)
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End of a paradigm : the current crisis and the idea of stateless cities
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 43:2, s. 272-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban studies in the social sciences have for two decades been driven by a hegemonic conception, under slightly different, competing labels: world city, global city, and world city networks. While making important cognitive contributions, it has, I argue, been fundamentally flawed in assuming nation-states and state-processed national economies to be unimportant to the world economy and to world/global cities. While in several ways enriching urban knowledge, its dominance has also impoverished urban research by reducing cities to zip codes of firms and labour markets, leaving out that cities are also places of meaningful built environments, in which people live and interact. Basic assumptions and arguments of the world/global city idea by the three most distinguished representatives of the approach John Friedmann, Saskia Sassen, and Peter J Taylor are critically scrutinized. The current economic crisis has demonstrated these assumptions and arguments about cities in the world economy as untenable. The economic crisis is spawning a paradigmatic crisis, which should be seen as an opportunity for wider views of cities to be opened up.
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| 39. |
- Trippl, Michaela
(författare)
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Regional Innovation Systems and Knowledge Sourcing Activities in Traditional Industries – Evidence from the Vienna Food Sector
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environment & Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X. ; 43:7, s. 1599-1616
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to investigate the spatial pattern of knowledge links in traditional, long-established, and less-research-intensive sectors and to contribute to a better understanding of the role of the regional innovation system (RIS) as space for knowledge-sourcing activities in such industries. Departing from conceptual work on the science, technology, and innovation (STI) and the doing, using, and interacting (DUI) modes of learning, it is argued that the relation between mature industries and their RIS depends on the relative importance of these two innovation modes and their specific geographies of knowledge-sourcing activities. The empirical focus is on the food industry in the Vienna metropolitan region. Based on ten case studies of firms and ten interviews with research organisations and industry experts, it is suggested that innovation rests on a combination of the DUI and the STI modes of learning. This is related with a complex spatial pattern of knowledge links and a selective integration of innovative food companies into the RIS. The firms investigated use scientific knowledge available within the RIS and tap into extraregional pools of experience-based knowledge.
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| 40. |
- Tyner, James A, et al.
(författare)
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Phnom Penh during the Cambodian Genocide: A Case of Selective Urbicide
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 46:8, s. 1873-1891
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phnom Penh, as it existed during the Cambodian genocide (1975–79), has been held up as a textbook example of urbicide. However, this representation is not entirely accurate, for Phnom Penh remained a vital city during this period. While the depopulation of Phnom Penh during the Cambodian genocide has received considerable analytic attention, decidedly less research has focused on the city as a ‘command-and-control’ node in an integrated space economy. Far from being a ‘city with no people’, Phnom Penh served as a functioning city and was the catalytic center-point of Khmer Rouge policy and practice. In this paper, we begin the task of mapping Phnom Penh as it existed during the years 1975–79. Specifically, we identify and map the location of four broad types of economic institutions: administrative, production, distributive, and ancillary. In so doing, we argue that such a geographically informed analysis of Phnom Penh is necessary for it provides the spatial foundation for an understanding of Khmer Rouge practice.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Wärnbäck, Antoienette, et al.
(författare)
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Shared practice and converging views in nuclear waste management: long-term relations between implementer and regulator in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment and Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 45:9, s. 2212-2226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The international relevance of learning from nuclear waste management in Sweden cannot be underestimated as the planning process for the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel in Sweden has been underway for more than thirty years. During this time the same types of actors-private, public, and NGO representatives-and even the same individuals have interacted with each other throughout. Based on a review of the implementer's Research, Development and Demonstration programmes (RD&Ds) of methods for the management and disposal of nuclear waste and interviews with representatives of the implementer, regulator, and NGOs, this paper analyses the outcomes of these long-term interactions. It then discusses the potentially serious problems this creates in relation to knowledge production in the planning and environmental impact assessment process and problems now the regulator is set to review the final application. The tendency of the values and priorities of implementer and regulator to converge over time, due to sustained social interaction, is a new phenomenon, which could not only impede the safety of nuclear waste management, but also risks occurring in other countries embarking on similar long-term processes.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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