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- Nikopoulou, Zoi, 1975
(författare)
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Incremental costs for reduction of air pollution from ships: a case study on North European emission control area
- 2017
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Ingår i: Maritime Policy and Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0308-8839 .- 1464-5254. ; 44:8, s. 1056-1077
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group In addition to sulphur oxides control, the North and the Baltic Seas have recently been designated as nitrogen oxides control area. Amidst ongoing developments in energy markets and international trade, shipowners have to develop cost-efficient strategies to comply with the new regulation. This study creates and tests a model calculating the incremental costs of abating NO x and SO x emissions under MARPOL Annex VI regulations for the following methods: SCR, HAM and internal engine modifications, marine gas oil, wet scrubbers, and liquefied natural gas propulsion. The model is tested empirically on a broad sample of 244 ships from the Swedish Commercial Fleet database for different operating contexts and fuel prices. Individual ship emission reductions and incremental abatement costs are calculated and the results are presented for the entire studied sample and per ship type class. The study also explores the sensitivity of the chosen abatement methods to cost determinants and to main engine time operation under the light of economic performance and cost-efficiency. The results of the study aim to contribute to company abatement strategy.
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| 4. |
- Tseng, P. H., et al.
(författare)
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Key criteria influencing the choice of Arctic shipping: a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process model
- 2018
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Ingår i: Maritime Policy & Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0308-8839 .- 1464-5254. ; 45:4, s. 422-438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As Arctic sea ice shrinks due to global warming, the Northern Sea Route (NSR) and the Northwest Passage (NWP) offer a substantial reduction in shipping distance between Asia and the European and North American continents, respectively, when compared to conventional routes through the Suez and Panama Canals. However, Arctic shipping routes have many problems associated with their use. The main objective of this paper is to identify the key criteria that influence the decisions of shipping operators with respect to using Arctic shipping routes. A multi-criteria decision-making methodology, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, is applied to rank four potential categories of criteria (economic', technical', political' and safety' factors) and their sub-criteria.The results of the analysis suggest that, on aggregate, economic' is the most important category of influential factors, followed by safety', technical' and political' factors. The paper concludes, however, that the most influential specific sub-criteria relate to risks that lie mainly within the safety' and political' domains and that, especially in combination, these overwhelm the importance which is attached to economic' factors such as reduced fuel use. Finally, the implications of these findings for the future development of Arctic shipping are addressed at a strategic level.
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| 5. |
- Österman, Cecilia, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Administrative burdens and over-exertion in Swedish short sea shipping
- 2016
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Ingår i: Maritime Policy & Management. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0308-8839 .- 1464-5254. ; 43:5, s. 569-579
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite significant changes in work tasks performed on board, towards more sedentary monitoring and administrative work, the incidence of occupational injuries and disorders remains high among seafarers. In order to improve safety standards, industry stakeholders increasingly require written documentation of numerous routines, procedures and tasks performed on board. These increased demands have however added to the administrative burden. Some say, to the extent that administrative work has become a safety risk in itself. This paper presents the result of a survey investigating how Swedish seafarers perceive their own level of fatigue, stress and over-exertion related to work. The material consists of 1309 respondents originating from a random selection procedure, of which 651 reported to be employed in short sea shipping. Multiple regression analysis (OLS regression), allowing adjusted effects, were applied in several steps of the analysis. The highest levels of exertion were reported by employees in the catering department, positions not generally associated with high administrative burden. Perceived high levels of administrative work do increase the level of exertion, but cannot explain the observed pattern. Future ship and trade-specific studies on physical and mental well-being and complementary studies on the catering department’s working conditions and work environment are necessary.
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| 6. |
- Österman, Cecilia, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing financial impact of maritime ergonomics on company level : a case study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Maritime Policy & Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0308-8839 .- 1464-5254. ; 42:6, s. 555-570
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present paper reports a case study examining a conceptual framework for assessing financial impact of occupational maritime ergonomics in a Swedish shipping company. Specifically, the aim was to study the availability and applicability of suggested determinants for operational performance; routines for estimating the effects of ergonomics; and the customer’s (sea transport buyer’s) demands for ergonomics management on the case company.The results show that the determinants and sub-categories for operational performance in terms of productivity, efficiency and quality are present and applicable, albeit not measured to any large extent. No routines or specific methods for measuring or estimating cost and effects of ergonomics investments, accidents and operational disturbances were found. Further, the results show that the sea transport buyers increasingly express interest for and place demands related to maritime ergonomics, for instance through compliance of specific standards and guiding principles linked to maritime ergonomics. It is concluded that in order to support and enable managers’ ability to make well informed decisions and prioritizations, between investments, ergonomic or other, increased knowledge is needed of the financial effects of ergonomics on company core value processes. There is also a need to develop and implement usable tools to simplify these measuring procedures.
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