| 1. |
- Arnetz, Bengt B, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal determinants of energy levels in knowledge workers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 56:1, s. 79-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Increasingly, workers in the service, welfare, and health care sectors suffer adverse effects (ie, depression, burnout, etc) of "low-energy syndromes." Less is known about energy-based outcomes among knowledge workers. This study aimed to identify determinants of self-rated energy in knowledge workers and examine how these determinants change over time.METHODS: In collaboration with a large union and employer federation, 317 knowledge workers in Sweden responded to the health and productivity survey three times.RESULTS: At each assessment, worry, satisfaction with eating habits, and work-effectiveness were predictive of energy levels; however, only work-effectiveness covaried with energy over time.CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that perceived work-effectiveness is an important factor in preventing knowledge workers from experiencing "low-energy syndromes." Lifestyle factors also play a role. Therefore, multifaceted interventions for increasing energy are needed.
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| 2. |
- Arnetz, Bengt B., et al.
(författare)
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Organizational Climate, Occupational Stress, and Employee Mental Health : Mediating Effects of Organizational Efficiency
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 53:1, s. 34-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To determine whether the relationship between organizational climate and employee mental health is consistent (ie, invariant) or differs across four large hospitals, and whether organizational efficiency mediates this relationship. Methods: Participants (total N = 5316) completed validated measures of organizational climate variables (social climate, participatory management, goal clarity, and performance feedback), organizational efficiency, occupational stress, and mental health. Results: Path analysis best supported a model in which organizational efficiency partially mediated relationships between organizational climate, occupational stress, and mental health. Conclusions: Focusing on improving both the psychosocial work environment and organizational efficiency might contribute to decreased employee stress, improved mental well-being, and organizational performance.
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| 3. |
- Baste, Valborg, et al.
(författare)
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Pregnancy outcomes after paternal radiofrequency field exposure aboard fast patrol boats
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 54:4, s. 431-438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate adverse reproductive outcomes among male employees in the Royal Norwegian Navy exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields aboard fast patrol boats. Methods: Cohort study of Royal Norwegian Navy servicemen linked to the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, including singleton offspring born between 1967 and 2008 (n = 37,920). Exposure during the last 3 months before conception (acute) and exposure more than 3 months before conception (nonacute) were analyzed. Results: Perinatal mortality and preeclampsia increased after service aboard fast patrol boats during an acute period and also after increased estimated radiofrequency exposure during an acute period, compared with service aboard other vessels. No associations were found between nonacute exposure and any of the reproductive outcomes. Conclusions: Paternal work aboard fast patrol boats during an acute period was associated with perinatal mortality and preeclampsia, but the cause is not clear.
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| 4. |
- Blom, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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Work-Home Interference and Burnout A Study Based on Swedish Twins
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 56:4, s. 361-366
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study sets out to investigate the impact of work-home interference on burnout in women and men, while taking genetic and family environmental factors into account.Methods: A total of 4446 Swedish twins were included in the study. The effects of work-home conflict (WHC) and home-work conflict (HWC) on burnout between and within pairs were analyzed with co-twin control analyses.Results: Both WHC and HWC were significantly associated with burnout. Genetic factors may be involved in the association between HWC and burnout in women. Familial factors were not involved for WHC and burnout, neither for women nor for men.Conclusions: This study shows the importance to encounter WHC per se to prevent burnout. Because of genetic confounding in HWC and burnout in women, preventive efforts may also take into account individual characteristics.
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| 5. |
- Bonlokke, J. H., et al.
(författare)
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Systemic Effects of Wood Smoke in a Short-Term Experimental Exposure Study of Atopic Volunteers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-2752. ; 56:2, s. 177-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate whether short-term systemic effects of wood smoke occurred in atopic subjects after experimental wood smoke exposures. Methods: A double-blind climate chamber study was conducted on 20 healthy atopic subjects with exposures to filtered air and wood smoke. Pneumoproteins, coagulation and adhesion factors, and cytokines were measured. Heart rate was monitored with pulse monitors. Data were analyzed with mixed models. Results: Few differences in the outcomes were observed. Plasma tissue factor remained elevated during filtered air exposure (P = 0.002). P-selectin declined independent of exposure (P = 0.0006). Interleukin-6 increased after filtered air (P = 0.03). Conclusions: The study confirmed previous observations among nonatopics of limited changes after a 3-hour wood smoke exposure.
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| 6. |
- Bryngelson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction in personnel and long-term sickness absence for psychiatric disorders among employees in Swedish county councils : an ecological population-based study.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 53:6, s. 658-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim was to examine whether staff downsizing was related to long-term psychiatric sickness absence. METHODS: We used aggregate data on sickness absence from AFA insurance, as well as information on staff numbers from the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions. Bootstrap regression analyses were used to elucidate whether there was a relationship between reduction in personnel and changes in sickness rates. RESULTS: A staff reduction of 1% increased the sickness rate, on average, by 9%. The associations were similar in men and women as well as in different age groups, although statistical significance was only reached in the groups of women and middle-aged employees. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that downsizing may be related to subsequent increases in psychiatric sickness absence. The association appeared after a time-delay of several years.
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| 7. |
- Hasson, Henna, et al.
(författare)
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Managing Implementation Roles of Line Managers, Senior Managers, and Human Resource Professionals in an Occupational Health Intervention
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 56:1, s. 58-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To contrast line managers', senior managers', and (human resource) HR professionals' descriptions of their roles, tasks, and possibilities to perform them during the implementation of an occupational health intervention. Methods: Interviews with line managers (n = 13), senior managers (n = 7), and HR professionals (n = 9) 6 months after initiation of an occupational health intervention at nine organizations. Results: The groups' roles were described coherently, except for the HR professionals. These roles were seldom performed in practice, and two main reasons appeared: use of individuals' engagement rather than an implementation strategy, and lack of integration of the intervention with other stakeholders and organizational processes. Conclusions: Evaluation of stakeholders' perceptions of each other's and their own roles is important, especially concerning HR professionals. Clear role descriptions and implementation strategies, and aligning an intervention to organizational processes, are crucial for efficient intervention management.
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| 8. |
- Hedenrud, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Frequent headache and work ability : a population-based study in Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - Philadelphia, PA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 56:5, s. 472-476
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between frequent headache and self-reported mental and physical work ability in a general population sample in Sweden. Methods: The study was conducted in western Sweden in 2008. Frequent headache was analyzed in relation to mental and physical work ability. Covariates included demographics and socioeconomic variables, work-related variables, and a symptom index. Self-reported and register-based sickness absence data were also analyzed. Results: Sixteen per cent of those who answered the question about headache (n = 2590) had frequent headache (at least once a week). Regression analyses showed that frequent headache sufferers were twice more likely to have poor mental and physical work ability than those having infrequent headache. Conclusions: Frequent headache was associated with poor mental and physical work ability but not with sickness absence. Copyright © 2014 by American College of Occupational and Environmental.
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| 9. |
- Hedenrud, Tove, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Frequent Headache and Work Ability A Population-Based Study in Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-2752. ; 56:5, s. 472-476
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between frequent headache and self-reported mental and physical work ability in a general population sample in Sweden. Methods: The study was conducted in western Sweden in 2008. Frequent headache was analyzed in relation to mental and physical work ability. Covariates included demographics and socioeconomic variables, work-related variables, and a symptom index. Self-reported and register-based sickness absence data were also analyzed. Results: Sixteen per cent of those who answered the question about headache (n = 2590) had frequent headache (at least once a week). Regression analyses showed that frequent headache sufferers were twice more likely to have poor mental and physical work ability than those having infrequent headache. Conclusions: Frequent headache was associated with poor mental and physical work ability but not with sickness absence.
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| 10. |
- Heponiemi, Tarja, et al.
(författare)
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Association of Contractual and Subjective Job Insecurity With Sickness Presenteeism Among Public Sector Employees
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 52:8, s. 830-835
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:: We examined the associations of contractual job insecurity (fixed-term vs permanent employment contract) and subjectively assessed job insecurity with sickness presenteeism among those who had no sickness absences during the study year. METHODS:: Survey data from a sample of 18,454 Public sector employees were gathered in 2004 (the Finnish Public Sector study). RESULTS:: Fixed-term employees were less likely to report working while ill (odds ratio = 0.88, 95% confidence interval = 0.77 to 0.99) than permanent employees. Subjective insecurity was associated with higher levels of working while ill, and this association was stronger among older employees. These results remained after adjustments for demographics, health-related variables, and optimism. CONCLUSIONS:: Our results suggest that subjective job insecurity might be even more important than contractual insecurity when a public sector employee makes the decision to go to work despite feeling ill.
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| 11. |
- Holmberg, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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The combination of work organizational climate and individual work commitment predicts return to work in women but not in men
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 55:2, s. 121-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:: To analyze if the combination of organizational climate and work commitment can predict return to work (RTW). METHODS:: This prospective Swedish study was based on 2285 participants, 19 to 64 years old, consecutively selected from the employed population, newly sick-listed for more than 14 days. Data were collected in 2008 through postal questionnaire and from register data. RESULTS:: Among women, the combination of good organizational climate and fair work commitment predicted an early RTW with an adjusted relative risk of 2.05 (1.32 to 3.18). Among men, none of the adjusted variables or combinations of variables was found significantly to predict RTW. CONCLUSIONS:: This study demonstrated the importance of integrative effects of organizational climate and individual work commitment on RTW among women. These factors did not predict RTW in men. More research is needed to understand the RTW process among men.
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| 12. |
- Holmgren, Kristina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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The association between poor organizational climate and high work commitments, and sickness absence in a general population of women and men
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 52:12, s. 1179-1185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate the association between organizational climate and work commitment, and sickness absence in a general population of workers and consecutively selected employed sick-listed. Methods: Questionnaire data used in this cross-sectional study consisted of two cohorts: (1) randomly selected individuals in a general working population cohort (2763) and (2) consecutively selected employed sick-listed cohort (3044) for more than 14 days over 2 months. Results: Poor organizational climate was associated with increased odds of belonging to the employed sick-listed cohort among both women and men, while high work commitments were associated with increased odds only among women. The increased adjusted odds ratio for the combinations of poor organizational climate and high work commitment was 1.80 (confidence interval 1.36 to 2.37) among women and 2.74 (confidence interval 1.84 to 4.08) among men. Conclusions: These results support the magnitude of combining organizational climate and work commitment.
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| 13. |
- Hultin, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Low Workload as a Trigger of Sick Leave Results From a Swedish Case-Crossover Study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 54:2, s. 202-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate if exposure to an unusually low workload when ill can trigger taking sick leave. Methods: A case-crossover design was applied to 546 sick-leave spells obtained from a cohort of 1430 employees within six Swedish workplaces. New sick-leave spells were reported from the workplaces during 3 to 12 months follow-up. Exposure was assessed in structured participant interviews at sick leave. Case and control periods from the same individual were sampled according to the matched-pair and usual-frequency approaches. Results are presented as odds ratios with surrounding 95% confidence intervals. Results: The odds ratio of sick leave on a day with an unusually low workload was 2.57 (confidence interval, 1.07-6.16). Conclusions: Becoming ill on a day with a lower workload than usual can trigger the decision to take sick leave.
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| 14. |
- Jamil, Hikmet, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of Training in Occupational and Environmental Medicine Among Family Medicine Residents
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 52:2, s. 202-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Although knowledge of occupational and environmental medicine (OEM) is important for effective primary health care practice, few Studies have examined physicians' appraisals of training in OEM. We evaluated family medicine residents' perceptions of a 4-week rotation in OEM that combined lectures, worksite visits, and clinical placements. Methods: Qualitative analysis of residents' rotation evaluations (n = 208) collected between 2002 and 2008. Subjective appraisals were compared with quantitative changes in resident knowledge of OEM measured by pre- and posttests. Results: Residents' perceptions of the usefulness of the OEM rotation were grouped into three main categories: knowledge, experience, and skill development. Posttest scores demonstrated significantly improved knowledge in key OEM subject areas. Conclusions: Residents gained knowledge and insight regarding the possible impact of work on patients' health and considered the rotation highly relevant to their family medicine practice.
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| 15. |
- Järvholm, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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The risk of lung cancer after cessation of asbestos exposure in construction workers using pleural malignant mesothelioma as a marker of exposure.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 56:12, s. 1297-1301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the risk of lung cancer in heavily asbestos-exposed workers after the exposure to asbestos has ended.METHODS: Lung cancer was studied in a cohort of 189,896 Swedish construction workers through a linkage with the Swedish Cancer Registry. Asbestos exposure was estimated by the incidence of malignant mesothelioma in the occupational group.RESULTS: There were in total 2835 cases of lung cancer. Workers with heavy exposure to asbestos had an increased risk of lung cancer (relative risks = 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.25 to 2.41) before exposure ended and a similar risk to those with low exposure 20 years after the exposure had ceased (relative risks = 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.77 to 1.15).CONCLUSIONS: Workers with heavy exposure to asbestos have a similar risk of lung cancer as persons with low or no exposure 20 years after the exposure has ended.
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| 16. |
- Lundqvist, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating Work Conditions and Burnout at Three Hierarchical Levels
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 55:10, s. 1157-1163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the differences in work conditions and symptoms of burnout, and the association between work conditions and symptoms of burnout at the three hierarchical levels: subordinates, first-line managers and middle managers.Methods: Analyses were based on questionnaire data from 4096 employees in nine organizations, containing three hierarchical levels: subordinates (n=3659), first-line managers (n=345), and middle managers (n=92).Results: Work conditions were found to differ between the three hierarchical levels, mostly between subordinates and managers. Managers experienced fewer symptoms of burnout than subordinates. Furthermore, the association between work conditions and burnout differed for subordinates, first-line managers and middle managers.Conclusions: Occupational health research needs to focus more on differences between hierarchical levels regarding work conditions and burnout.
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| 17. |
- Löve, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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"Pushing Oneself Too Hard" : Performance-Based Self-Esteem as a Predictor of Sickness Presenteeism Among Young Adult Women and Men-A Cohort Study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 52:6, s. 603-609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To examine whether young adults with highly performance-based self-esteem (PBSE) were present at work/studies when ill more frequently than were others. Methods: By using data from a Swedish cohort of young adults aged 20 to 25 years (n = 5582 at baseline), we examined the association between PBSE and sickness presenteeism (SP) >5 times/yr (retrospectively at 1-year follow-up). Results: PBSE was a predictor of SP even when adjusting for general health, psychological demands, physical demands, economic problems, and main occupation. A synergy effect was also observed between PBSE and environmental and personal factors in relation to SP. The effect of PBSE on SP was four times higher among individuals with poor health, compared to individuals with good health. Conclusions: These results provide support for the role of personality characteristics as a predictor of frequent SP.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- McGovern, Patricia, et al.
(författare)
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A Longitudinal Analysis of Total Workload and Women's Health After Childbirth
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 53:5, s. 497-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To examine the association of women's postpartum health with total workload (TWL), work and personal factors in the year after childbirth. Methods: Employed women from Minneapolis and St Paul, Minnesota, were recruited while hospitalized for childbirth. Longitudinal analyses, using fixed effects regression models, estimated the associations of TWL, job satisfaction and stress, social support, perceived control, breastfeeding and infant characteristics with women's health at 5 weeks, 11 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months postpartum. Results: Increased TWL over time was associated with significantly poorer mental health and increased symptoms. Conclusions: High TWL-including reduced time for rest, recovery, and sleep-is a risk factor for women's mental health and symptoms 12 months after childbirth. Women's postpartum health was positively associated with social support, which may help to decrease the negative effects of excess work.
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| 20. |
- Morales-Suarez-Varela, Maria M., et al.
(författare)
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Occupational Exposure to Chlorinated and Petroleum Solvents and Mycosis Fungoides
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 55:8, s. 924-931
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the potential association between occupational exposure to chlorinated and petroleum solvents and mycosis fungoides (MF). Methods: A questionnaire on lifetime job history was administered to 100 patients diagnosed with MF and 2846 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated as the measure of the association between exposure to each specific solvent and MF. Results: In the total sample and in men, cases and controls did not differ in relation to exposure to any of the solvents studied. In women, an association with MF was seen for the highest level of estimated exposure to perchloroethylene (OR = 11.38; 95% confidence interval: 1.04 to 124.85) and for exposure less than the median to kerosene/fuel/gasoil (OR = 8.53; 95% confidence interval: 1.11 to 65.62). Conclusions: These results do not provide conclusive evidence that exposure to solvents may increase risk of MF because they were not found in men.
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| 21. |
- Peterson, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Burnout levels and self-rated health prospectively predict future long-term sickness absence : a study among female health professionals.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 53:7, s. 788-793
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the predictive validity of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), and of three health indicators (depression, anxiety, and self-rated health), for long-term sickness absence (LTSA).METHODS: Questionnaires were sent to all employees in a Swedish County Council (N = 6118), and the overall response rate was 65% (N = 3976). As 82% were women, only women were included in the study. Certified LTSA data were collected.RESULTS: Logistic regression analyses showed that high scores on exhaustion, depression, and poor self-rated health increased the risk of future LTSA (≥90 days). Support for the proposed two-factorial structure of the OLBI was found, including the dimensions of exhaustion and disengagement from work.CONCLUSION: Using burnout measures might be useful to identify those at risk for LTSA, and to enable preventive solutions in organizations.
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| 22. |
- Rehfisch, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Lung Function and Respiratory Symptoms in Hard Metal Workers Exposed to Cobalt
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - Philadelphia, USA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 54:4, s. 409-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To follow-up lung function and airway symptoms in workers exposed to cobalt dust at a hard metal plant. Methods: A total of 582 employees underwent spirometry and completed a questionnaire. A historical exposure matrix was created, assigning figures for historical and recent work-related exposure. Results: At the time of employment, 5% reported symptoms from respiratory tract. At follow-up, 5% suffered from persistent coughing and 7% reported asthma; 20% were daily smokers. Among nonsmokers without asthma, an evident, statistically nonsignificant, dose-response effect was seen between increasing cobalt exposure and decline in FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in the first second). In all exposure categories, the FEV1 in smokers declined 10 mL more per year than for nonsmokers. Conclusions: Even low levels of cobalt exposure seem to hamper lung function both in smokers and nonsmokers. This impact is considered low in relation to the effect of aging.
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| 23. |
- Samuelsson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Disability Pension Among Swedish Twins - Prevalence Over 16 Years and Associations With Sociodemographic Factors in 1992
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 54:1, s. 10-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate annual prevalence of disability pension (DP) from 1992 to 2007 and associations with sociodemographic factors in 1992.Methods: All twins born between 1928 and 1958 were identified from the Swedish Twin Registry and linked to national records on DP. Descriptive statistics and logistic regressions were applied.Results: The annual prevalence of DP was 10.7% (9.6% to 11.3%). High age (odds ratio [OR] 9.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 8.43 to 9.98), low education (OR 4.84; 95% CI 4.31 to 5.42), and being unmarried (OR 2.36; 95% CI 2.22 to 2.50) were associated with DP. The associations remained after adjusting for familial factors.Conclusions: The fact that the associations remained after control for familial factors indicates that factors not shared by family members, such as choices in adulthood, are of relevance for the associations found.
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| 24. |
- Shaw, William S., et al.
(författare)
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The Pain Recovery Inventory of Concerns and Expectations A Psychosocial Screening Instrument to Identify Intervention Needs Among Patients at Elevated Risk of Back Disability
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 55:8, s. 885-894
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To reduce a full psychosocial test battery to a brief screening questionnaire to triage return-to-work strategies among patients with low back pain (LBP). Methods: Workers (N = 496) with acute, work-related LBP completed multiple psychosocial measures at intake, then a 3-month follow-up of pain, function, and work status. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to reduce the number of items while maintaining scale reliability, preserving associations with outcomes, and maintaining separation between patient subgroups. Results: The pool of items was trimmed from 129 to 46 items, describing elements of emotional distress, pain beliefs, organizational support, and activity limitation. A confirmatory cluster analysis replicated previous findings of three risk subgroups: distressed, avoidant, and lacking employer support. Conclusions: The reduced measure is a reliable and valid screening measure that can be used to identify early intervention needs among working adults with LBP.
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| 25. |
- Talibov, Madar, et al.
(författare)
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Occupation and Leukemia in Nordic Countries
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 54:12, s. 1527-1532
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: We studied occupational variation of the risk of acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and other leukemia in Nordic countries. Methods: The study cohort comprised 15 million persons older than 30 years who participated in the population censuses in 1960, 1970, 1980/1981, 1990, or all of these years in five Nordic countries. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were estimated for 53 occupations and one group of economically inactive persons. Results: Significantly increased risks were observed for acute myeloid leukemia among drivers (SIR = 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.26) and food workers (SIR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01-1.27); for chronic lymphocytic leukemia among farmers (SIR = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.14) and clerical workers (SIR = 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01-1.14); and for other leukemia among seamen (SIR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.04-1.49), "other health workers" (SIR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02-1.47), chemical process workers (SIR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01-1.38), and sales agents (SIR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06-1.25). Conclusion: Observed modest occupational variation of leukemia risk might be associated with occupational or lifestyle factors.
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| 26. |
- Virtanen, Pekka, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to nonpermanent employment and health : analysis of the associations with 12 health indicators
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : The American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 53:6, s. 653-657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To clarify the associations of nonpermanent employment with poor health in longitudinal setting with different health outcomes.METHODS: A population cohort (n = 1071) was surveyed at the age of 30 and then again at the age of 42. They were classified according to exposure to nonpermanent employment. The outcomes included indicators of mental and somatic health and health behavior.RESULTS: When adjusted for baseline level of the outcome under study, the odds ratio of the heavily exposed was 1.90 (1.25 to 2.88) for nervous symptoms, 1.77 (1.03 to 2.05) for psychological distress, and 1.52 (1.03 to 2.25) for suboptimal mood. Among the lightly exposed, the odds ratio for psychological distress was 1.94 (1.10 to 2.10).CONCLUSIONS: Psychological distress is particularly sensitive to exposure to nonpermanent employment. The effects on somatic health or health behavior should be studied only with carefully specified hypotheses.
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| 27. |
- von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of worksite health interventions involving reduced work hours and physical exercise on sickness absence costs
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 54:5, s. 538-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the effects of physical exercise during work hours (PE) and reduced work hours (RWH) on direct and indirect costs associated with sickness absence (SA). Methods: Sickness absence and related costs at six workplaces, matched and randomized to three conditions (PE, RWH, and referents), were retrieved from company records and/or estimated using salary conversion methods or value-added equations on the basis of interview data. Results: Although SA days decreased in all conditions (PE, 11.4%; RWH, 4.9%; referents, 15.9%), costs were reduced in the PE (22.2%) and RWH (4.9%) conditions but not among referents (10.2% increase). Conclusions: Worksite health interventions may generate savings in SA costs. Costs may not be linear to changes in SA days. Combing the friction method with indirect cost estimates on the basis of value-added productivity may help illuminate both direct and indirect SA costs.
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| 28. |
- von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica, et al.
(författare)
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Employee Self-rated Productivity and Objective Organizational Production Levels : Effects of Worksite Health Interventions Involving Reduced Work Hours and Physical Exercise
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 53:8, s. 838-844
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate how worksite health interventions involving a 2.5-hour reduction of weekly working hours with (PE) or without (RWH) mandatory physical exercise affects productivity.Methods: Six workplaces in dental health care were matched and randomized to three conditions (PE, RWH and referents). Employees' (N = 177) self-rated productivity and the workplaces' production levels (number of patients) were examined longitudinally.Results: Number of treated patients increased in all conditions during the intervention year. While RWH showed the largest increase in this measure, PE showed significant increases in self-rated productivity, that is, increased quantity of work and work-ability and decreased sickness absence.Conclusions: A reduction in work hours may be used for health promotion activities with sustained or improved production levels, suggesting an increased productivity since the same, or higher, production level can be achieved with lesser resources.
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| 29. |
- von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring Self-Rated Productivity Factor Structure and Variance Component Analysis of the Health and Work Questionnaire
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 56:12, s. 1302-1307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To test the factor structure and variance components of the productivity subscales of the Health and Work Questionnaire (HWQ). Methods: A total of 272 individuals from one company answered the HWQ scale, including three dimensions (efficiency, quality, and quantity) that the respondent rated from three perspectives: their own, their supervisor's, and their coworkers'. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed, and common and unique variance components evaluated. Results: A common factor explained 81% of the variance (reliability 0.95). All dimensions and rater perspectives contributed with unique variance. The final model provided a perfect fit to the data. Conclusions: Efficiency, quality, and quantity and three rater perspectives are valid parts of the self-rated productivity measurement model, but with a large common factor. Thus, the HWQ can be analyzed either as one factor or by extracting the unique variance for each subdimension.
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