| 1. |
- Olsson, M. J., et al.
(författare)
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A putative female pheromone affects mood in men differently depending on social context
- 2006
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Ingår i: Revue europeenne de psychologie appliquee. - : Elsevier BV. - 1162-9088 .- 1878-3457. ; 56:4, s. 279-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pheromones play a significant role in social interaction and communication in many vertebrates and invertebrates. Although a well-established phenomenon in the animal world, the existence of human pheromones is controversial. The most common observation supporting the notion of pheromones in humans is that exposure to putative pheromones can influence mood in participants. Recently, the concept of modulatory pheromones has been introduced, suggesting that effects of pheromone exposure in humans depend on the context. In the current experiment, we tested whether the mood of heterosexual men is affected by exposure of a putative female pheromone, estratetraenol. We also investigated if this influence would differ depending on whether a male or a female heterosexual experimenter was interacting with the participants. ANOVAs were performed on aggregated mood scales resulting from factor analysis. The results were that exposure to estratetraenol compared to a perceptually identical control substance enhanced positive mood. Moreover, negative mood was differently affected depending on whether a male or a female experimenter conducted the test. Altogether this study suggests that a putative female pheromone can modulate mood in men. Interestingly, the social context (male or female experimenter) seems to be of importance for how men react to exposure.
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| 2. |
- Åberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Speeding : deliberate violation or involuntary mistake?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Revue europeenne de psychologie appliquee. - : Elsevier BV. - 1162-9088 .- 1878-3457. ; 58:1, s. 23-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The power of two different theoretical frameworks, the theory of planned behaviour (expanded to include moral norm) and the driver behaviour questionnaire, to predict and explain drivers' speeding behaviour are compared and a combined model is suggested. One hundred and seventy-five test drivers, participating in a large-scale ISA-evaluation, answered a questionnaire in spring 2000. Based on the questionnaire data, logged speeding in autumn 2001 was predicted and LISREL-analysis was used for structural equation modelling. According to the results the two frameworks, alone or in combination, could explain between 38 and 53% of self-reported speeding and between 24 and 26% of logged speeding. A combination of the theory of planned behaviour and the driver behaviour questionnaire is presented and implications for the understanding of driver speed control are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Zücker Björne, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of early sensorimotor disorder on contextual learning in autism
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Review of Applied Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1162-9088. ; 56:4, s. 247-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cognitive explanations of autism often involve higher order cognitive functions developing late in childhood, such as theory of mind, executive functions or central coherence. In home videos of infants later diagnosed with autism, children display early signs of developmental disorders, for example impaired sensorimotor functions, attention to social and non-social stimuli and a lack of circadian regulation. We propose that these early signs need to be understood using a framework of context learning. It is also important to understand the role for context understanding in guiding the maturation of behavior. The role for inhibition in context learning as understood within learning theory provides us with helpful tools for this analysis. Our research aim is not to identify and explain early markers for autism, but to understand the cognitive developmental pathway set into rolling by an early impairment. This will help us understand the seemingly unrelated symptoms that define the complex syndrome of autism.
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