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- Hellgren, K., et al.
(författare)
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Visual and cerebral sequelae of very low birth weight in adolescents
- 2007
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Ingår i: Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. - : BMJ. - 1359-2998 .- 1468-2052. ; 92:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To describe the visual functions and relate them to MRI findings and the intellectual level in adolescents born with very low birth weight (VLBW). DESIGN: Population-based case-control study. PATIENTS: 59 15-year-old VLBW adolescents and 55 sex and age-matched controls with normal birth weight. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Objective clinical findings (visual acuity, stereo acuity and cycloplegic refraction) were recorded. Structured history taking was used to identify visual difficulties. The intellectual level was assessed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). All VLBW adolescents underwent MRI of the brain. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between the VLBW adolescents and controls regarding visual acuity (median -0.11 and -0.2, respectively; p=0.004), stereo acuity (median 60'' and 30'', respectively; p<0.001), prevalence of astigmatism (11/58 and 0/55, respectively; p<0.001) and in full-scale IQ (mean IQ 85 and 97, respectively; p<0.001) and performance IQ (mean 87 and 99, respectively; p=0.002). The structured history also revealed a borderline significant difference between the groups (mean problems 0.46 and 0.15 respectively; p=0.051). 30% (17/57) of the VLBW adolescents had abnormal MRI findings and performed worse in all tests, compared with both the VLBW adolescents without MRI pathology and the normal controls. CONCLUSION: This study confirms previous observations that VLBW adolescents are at a disadvantage regarding visual outcome compared with those with normal birth weight. In 47%, visual dysfunction was associated with abnormal MRI findings and in 33% with learning disabilities. The adolescents with abnormal MRI findings had more pronounced visual and cognitive dysfunction. The findings indicate a cerebral causative component for the visual dysfunction seen in the present study.
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| 3. |
- de Vries, LS, et al.
(författare)
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Role of cerebral function monitoring in the newborn
- 2005
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Ingår i: Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition. - : BMJ. - 1359-2998 .- 1468-2052. ; 90:3, s. 201-207
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- For many years, newborn infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units have had routine electrocardiography and been monitored for respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and blood pressure. Only recently has it also been considered important to monitor brain function using continuous electroencephalography. The role of cerebral function monitoring in sick full term and preterm infants is reviewed.
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| 4. |
- Fransson, A-L, et al.
(författare)
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Temperature variation in newborn babies: importance of physical contact with the mother.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition. - : BMJ. - 1359-2998 .- 1468-2052. ; 90:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Hypothermia is a major cause of deterioration and death in the neonatal period. Temperature deviations are key signs of illness. OBJECTIVE: To determine normal patterns of temperature variation in newborn babies and the influence of external factors. METHODS: Abdominal and foot skin temperature were continuously recorded in 27 healthy full term babies during the first two days of life and related to the care situation-that is, whether the baby was with the mother or in its cot. The recordings were made using no wires to avoid interference with the care of the neonate. Ambient temperature was close to 23 degrees C during the study period. RESULTS: Mean rectal and abdominal and foot skin temperature were lower on day 1 than day 2. The foot skin temperature was directly related to the care situation, being significantly higher when the baby was with the mother. The abdominal skin temperature was much less influenced by external factors. When the neonates were with their mothers, the mean difference between rectal temperature and abdominal skin temperature was 0.2 degrees C compared with a mean difference between rectal temperature and foot skin temperature of 1.5 degrees C, indicating a positive heat balance. In the cot the corresponding temperature differences were 0.7 degrees C and 7.5 degrees C. A temperature difference between rectal and foot skin temperature of 7-8 degrees C indicates a heat loss close to the maximum for which a neonate can compensate (about 70 W/m2). CONCLUSION: This study emphasises the importance of close physical contact with the mothers for temperature regulation during the first few postnatal days.
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| 8. |
- Svensson, Göran, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Supply Chain Management Ethics : Conceptual Framework and Illustration
- 2008
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Ingår i: Supply chain management. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1359-8546 .- 1758-6852. ; 13:6, s. 398-405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a conceptual framework of Supply Chain Management Ethics (SCM-ethics). Design/methodology/approach – The research is based upon a qualitative approach using a series of semi-structured interviews. Multiple perspectives and respondents have been applied in the data collection process. The study is limited to the Swedish vehicle industry. Findings – The empirical findings indicate that the corporate focus of SCM-ethics is in part narrow in the Swedish vehicle industry. The partial focus may endanger the corporate ethical performance in the long run, while the immediate one may not be affected. Research limitations/implications – The approach undertaken and thereof empirical limitations restrict the generality of findings. However, a structure of operationalisation of SCM-ethics is introduced. It is based upon four orientations and nine areas of questions, all of which serve as a fundament for further research. Practical implications – The article explores the common grounds, and provides initial insights into the complex and multifaceted field, of SCM-ethics. It may be used for teaching, training and analytical purposes. It may also be used for further managerial exploration and replication of SCM-ethics in business. Originality/value – The principal contributions are a conceptual framework based upon four distinctive orientations and a set of summarized interview series in the context of SCM-ethics, all of which may be of interest to both practitioners and scholars.
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