| 1. |
- Andersson, Ketty, et al.
(författare)
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Does the narrative ability during retelling differ in 5-year-olds born with and without unilateral cleft lip and palate?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:1, s. 18-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A previous study has indicated poorer narrative ability during retelling in 5-year-olds with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) as a group, compared to peers without UCLP. Aim: To investigate if there are any differences between 5-year-olds with and without UCLP in narrative ability during retelling. Methods: A total of 83 children participated, 51 with UCLP and 32 without. They had no known additional malformations or syndromes. The children were audio recorded while performing the Bus Story Test (BST). The recordings were orthographically transcribed. From the transcriptions the BST information score was calculated. The macrostructure of the narratives was assessed with the Narrative Scoring Scheme (NSS), and the microstructure with mean length of utterance in words, grammaticality, grammatical complexity and lexical diversity. Results for children with and without UCLP were compared. Results: The group with UCLP performed better than the group without UCLP in the NSS sub-category Conclusion. No other significant differences were seen between the groups. The UCLP group had a larger standard deviation for the information score than the group without UCLP. Conclusions: The group with UCLP displayed at least as good results as the group without UCLP, but the information score was more varied for the UCLP group than for the group without UCLP.
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| 2. |
- Baker, C. P., et al.
(författare)
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Female adolescent singing voice characteristics : an exploratory study using LTAS and inverse filtering
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; , s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aim: To date, little research is available that objectively quantifies female adolescent singing-voice characteristics in light of the physiological and functional developments that occur from puberty to adulthood. This exploratory study sought to augment the pool of data available that offers objective voice analysis of female singers in late adolescence. Methods: Using long-term average spectra (LTAS) and inverse filtering techniques, dynamic range and voice-source characteristics were determined in a cohort of vocally healthy cis-gender female adolescent singers (17 to 19 years) from high-school choirs in Aotearoa New Zealand. Non-parametric statistics were used to determine associations and significant differences. Results: Wide intersubject variation was seen between dynamic range, spectral measures of harmonic organisation (formant cluster prominence, FCP), noise components in the spectrum (high-frequency energy ratio, HFER), and the normalised amplitude quotient (NAQ) suggesting great variability in ability to control phonatory mechanisms such as subglottal pressure (Psub), glottal configuration and adduction, and vocal tract shaping. A strong association between the HFER and NAQ suggest that these non-invasive measures may offer complimentary insights into vocal function, specifically with regard to glottal adduction and turbulent noise in the voice signal. Conclusion: Knowledge of the range of variation within healthy adolescent singers is necessary for the development of effective and inclusive pedagogical practices, and for vocal-health professionals working with singers of this age. LTAS and inverse filtering are useful non-invasive tools for determining such characteristics.
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| 3. |
- Brännström, K. Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Passage comprehension performance in children with cochlear implants and/or hearing aids : the effects of voice quality and multi-talker babble noise in relation to executive function
- 2020
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 45:1, s. 15-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Speech signal degradation such as a voice disorder presented in quiet or in combination with multi-talker babble noise could affect listening comprehension in children with hearing impairment. This study aims to investigate the effects of voice quality and multi-talker babble noise on passage comprehension in children with using cochlear implants (CIs) and/or hearing aids (HAs). It also aims to examine what role executive functioning has for passage comprehension in listening conditions with degraded signals (voice quality and multi-talker babble noise) in children using CI/HA. Methods: Twenty-three children (10 boys and 13 girls; mean age 9 years) using CI and/or HA were tested for passage comprehension in four listening conditions: a typical voice or a (hoarse) dysphonic, voice presented in quiet or in multi-talker babble noise. Results: The results show that the dysphonic voice did not affect passage comprehension in quiet or in noise. Multi-talker babble noise decreased passage comprehension compared to performance in quiet. No interactions with executive function were found. Conclusions: In conclusion, children with CI/HA seem to struggle with comprehension in poor sound environments, which in turn may reduce learning opportunities at school.
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| 4. |
- Brännström, K. Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived listening effort in children with hearing loss : listening to a dysphonic voice in quiet and in noise
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:1, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The present study investigates the effect of signal degradation on perceived listening effort in children with hearing loss listening in a simulated class-room context. It also examines the associations between perceived listening effort, passage comprehension performance and executive functioning. Methods: Twenty-four children (aged 06:03–13:00 years) with hearing impairment using cochlear implant (CI) and/or hearing aids (HA) participated. The children made ratings of perceived listening effort after completing an auditory passage comprehension task. All children performed the task in four different listening conditions: listening to a typical (i.e. normal) voice in quiet, to a dysphonic voice in quiet, to a typical voice in background noise and to a dysphonic voice in background noise. In addition, the children completed a task assessing executive function. Results: Both voice quality and background noise increased perceived listening effort in children with CI/HA, but no interaction with executive function was seen. Conclusion: Since increased listening effort seems to be a consequence of increased cognitive resource spending, it is likely that less resources will be available for these children not only to comprehend but also to learn in challenging listening environments such as classrooms.
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| 5. |
- Dahlén, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment fidelity of a language screening instrument for 4-year-olds
- 2023
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 48:4, s. 189-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the assessment fidelity of Språkfyran, a language screening instrument for four-year-old children. Språkfyran is a mandatory part of the healthcare program within the Swedish Child Health Service (CHS) and is offered to all four-year-olds in the region Scania in Sweden. Methods: The study was based on structured observations of twenty-four specialist CHS nurses’ adherence to the Språkfyran protocol during screening. Results: All the observed nurses deviated from the test protocol. There was a large variation in the number of deviations from the test protocol per nurse, with the highest number of deviations occurring for three specific testing items. Significantly more deviations were made with four-year-old bilingual children as opposed to four-year-old monolingual children. Half of the nurses did not use the test protocol. Conclusions: There is a clear need to improve the assessment fidelity of Språkfyran. Both the training that the nurses are offered, and the development of the test, are essential in securing the aim of high-quality work within the CHS. Support from experts in child speech-language development and disorders is suggested to be available at the CHS in Sweden.
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| 6. |
- Dyne, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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"Aha, so that’s how it’s done!"–parents’ voices on an early language and literacy intervention
- 2024
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The early intervention Språkstart Halland targets children aged 0–3 years. During home visits at 6 and 11 months, library staff deliver gift-packs containing books, toys, songs, and rhymes to promote early language stimulation. Parents are encouraged to engage in ‘talk, play, sing, read’ activities to support language development. The aim of the present study was to examine parents’ experiences of the 6- and 11-month visits and develop an understanding of their general impressions and thoughts regarding the perceived impact of the visits. Parents (n = 15) were interviewed in four focus groups and two one-on-one interviews. Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. The findings show that the intervention changed the parents’ mindset and increased their knowledge regarding early language stimulation. Tools and strategies benefitting the parent-child interaction were gained. A positive experience and personal guidance created motivation for the parents to carry out the language stimulating activities after the visit. Social gains were described. The findings imply usefulness of the intervention in supporting children’s language and literacy development.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Elm, Lovisa, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish speech and language pathologists reflect on how their clinical practises align to everyday language and communication skills of children with developmental language disorder
- 2024
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to extend current knowledge about the possibilities and challenges encountered by Swedish speech and language pathologists (SLPs) in targeting everyday language and communication in children with developmental language disorder (DLD). To explore this matter, unstructured focus groups were conducted where 15 SLPs, working with children with DLD, shared their views on the alignment between their clinical practices and children's everyday lives. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data, which resulted in five themes: It's everyday life that matters; As an SLP, you're not a part of the child's everyday life; How do we merge the different worlds?; Resources at home vary, and The employer sets the framework for clinical practices. The SLPs stressed the importance of targeting everyday skills and needs, but they experienced themselves as being detached from the children's daily context. Collaboration with caregivers and (pre)school staff was emphasised; however, the resources and capacity of the caregivers and staff varied, and this was experienced as a challenge for providing the most appropriate care. Some children and their families were situated in a multifaceted context and needed more extensive care, and this group was described as increasing. However, the services that the SLPs were able to offer varied and were largely regulated by organisational constraints. Individualised services are crucial for ensuring a positive development for children with DLD and for empowering caregivers to be effective collaborative partners in intervention. Therefore, it is essential for SLPs to have the time and resources to ensure high-quality care.
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| 9. |
- Grenner, Emily, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of intervention on self-efficacy and text quality in elementary school students’ narrative writing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 46:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Self-efficacy for writing is an important motivational factor and considered to predict writing performance. Self-efficacy for narrative writing has been sparsely studied, and few studies focus on the effects of writing intervention on self-efficacy. Additionally, there is a lack of validated measures of self-efficacy for elementary school students. In a previous study, we found that a trained panel rated personal narrative text quality higher for girls than for boys, which led to our aim: to investigate boys’ and girls’ self-efficacy for narrative writing before and after an intervention, and to explore associations between self-efficacy and text quality. Method: An 18-item self-efficacy scale was developed. Fifty-five fifth-grade students (M 11:2 years, SD 3.7 months) filled out the scale before and after a five-lesson observational learning intervention. Self-efficacy was then related to writing performance as measured by holistic text quality ratings. Results: Self-efficacy was strong and increased significantly post-intervention. There were moderate correlations between self-efficacy and writing performance pre- and post-intervention. Further, self-efficacy scores were considerably higher than text quality ratings. Girls and boys demonstrated similar self-efficacy, despite girls’ higher text quality. Conclusion: The results support previous findings of strong self-efficacy at this age. The interaction between writing self-efficacy and performance is complex. Young students may not be able to differentiate between self-efficacy, general skills, task performance, perceived effort and self-regulation. Self-efficacy scales should thus be carefully constructed with respect to validity, genre, school grade, instruction and to students’ general educational context.
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| 10. |
- Grenner, Emily, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of narrative text quality in students with hearing loss
- 2021
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - 1401-5439.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Students with hearing loss (HL) often fall behind hearing peers in complex language tasks such as narrative writing. This study explored the effects of school grade, gender, cognitive and linguistic predisposition and audiological factors on narrative text quality in this target group.Method: Eleven students with HL in Grades 5–6 and 7–8 (age 12–15) who took part in a writing intervention wrote four narrative texts over six months. A trained panel rated text quality. The effects of the students' working memory capacity, language comprehension, reading comprehension, school grade and gender and the intervention were analyzed as a mixed-effects regression model. Audiological factors were considered separately.Results: The analysis showed that throughout the period, texts written by female students in Grade 7–8 received the highest text quality ratings, while those written by male students in Grade 7-8 received the lowest ratings. There was no effect of the intervention, or of the linguistic and cognitive measures. The students with the lowest text quality ratings received amplification later than those with high ratings, but HL severity was not associated with text quality.Conclusion: Hearing loss severity was not a decisive factor in narrative text quality. The intervention which the students took part in is potentially effective, with some adaptation to the special needs of students with HL. The strong gender effects are discussed.
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| 11. |
- Hallin, Anna Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Factors affecting speech-language pathologists’ language assessment procedures and tools–challenges and future directions in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: National surveys of speech-language pathologists’ (SLP) practices play an important role in professional development, and previous research show that many challenges faced by the profession are similar across the globe. This study aims to describe Swedish SLP assessment practices, examine factors that may affect this practice, and discuss the results in the light of international studies. Methods: Data from 584 SLPs were collected through an online questionnaire with multiple choice and open-ended questions. A mixed-method design was deployed where a deductive qualitative analysis of free-text responses complemented quantitative data. Results: In line with previous results from English-speaking countries, both standardized discrete skill tests and contextualized assessments were used by the respondents but fewer used language sample analysis and dynamic assessment procedures, despite international recommendations. There were few differences based on experience, work setting, proportion of multilingual assessments and socio-economic status of the health catchment area. Main challenges reported were lack of time and difficulty prioritizing, and assessment and/or diagnosis of multilingual/L2 children, which is similar to challenges faced by SLPs in other countries. Swedish SLPs also reported lack of national clinical guidelines as a main challenge. Factors contributing to better assessments included experience, and the combination of many sources of information, including professional and interprofessional discussions. Conclusions: The accumulated evidence from this and previous studies show that to address challenges and build on strengths, changes on a systemic level are needed. This includes more time and resources for continuing education and implementation of recommended assessment methods, as well as professional and interprofessional collaborations.
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| 12. |
- Holmqvist-Jämsén, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Screen11: validating a screening instrument for voice disorders in accordance with the COSMIN framework
- 2024
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Although numerous patient-reported outcome measures have been developed and validated to quantify the impact of voice problems on different aspects of life, to our knowledge no screening instrument exists that specifically captures voice disorders in a retrospective fashion. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties and diagnostic validity of a retrospective voice screening method, Screen11, according to the COSMIN framework for health-related, patient-reported outcome measures. The items in Screen11 have been used to establish the prevalence of voice disorders in both general and occupation-specific populations in the Nordic countries. However, the instrument has not been validated.Methods: The voice patient group (n = 54) in this study comprised of patients from the Turku University Central Hospital phoniatric outpatient clinic seeking help for their voice problems. For these voice patients, we recruited voice-healthy controls (n = 61) who matched in terms of gender, age, and occupation. The participants responded to the Screen11 questionnaire along with the VHI and the VAPP.Results: The results of the initial exploratory factor analysis showed that all the Screen11 items loaded on a common underlying latent factor. Furthermore, Screen11 had high internal consistency (α =.93) and correlated sufficiently with other voice questionnaires.Conclusions: The results indicate that Screen11, which screens for possible voice disorders at an early stage, was successfully validated. With respect to its diagnostic validity, the Screen11 sum score is preferable. A threshold of ≥ 15 should be used for differentiating patients with possible voice disorders from those with healthy voices.
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| 13. |
- Hällström, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Narrative retells in Swedish school-aged children – a clinical pilot study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 48:1, s. 12-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimThe aim of this pilot study was to evaluate two new retelling tasks intended for clinical use in terms of language sample size, effects of picture support, and order of presentation.MethodsForty Swedish-speaking children in grades 4–6 participated in the study, 31 children with typical language development (TLD, mean age 11;1), and nine children with developmental language disorder (DLD, mean age 11;5). Two oral retells, one with and one without picture support, were analyzed with regards to productivity, syntactic complexity, basic Story Grammar (SG) units, and Internal Responses (IR).ResultsResults showed no systematic order effects in the TLD group, although this needs to be investigated further, and good inter-rater reliability. Both tasks elicited sufficiently large language samples, except from one participant with DLD whose samples were excluded from subsequent comparisons. When appropriate, data were analyzed with ANOVA (productivity, mean length of C-unit/MLCU), otherwise t-tests (TLD-group) or non-parametric tests (DLD-group) were used. As expected, retells from participants with DLD were shorter, with shorter MLCU and fewer SG units compared to the TLD group. There were also task effects: in the task with picture support, all participants had longer MLCU, and participants with TLD also showed a higher proportion of subordinate clauses, indicating that pictures may function as a support for syntactic complexity. The task without picture support, on the other hand, elicited more C-units indicated by a significant main effect, and more SG units, which was a significant effect in the TLD group.ConclusionsWe conclude that both tasks might be useful for Swedish speech-language pathologists.
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| 14. |
- Kalnak, Nelli, et al.
(författare)
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Description and prediction of reading decoding skills in Swedish children with Developmental Language Disorder
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:2, s. 84-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Research is lacking in terms of reading decoding skills among clinical samples of Swedish-speaking children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). Method: The present cross-sectional study included a sample of 61 children (8-12 years) with DLD attending school language units, years 1 to 5. Our purpose was to study reading decoding skills and predictors for decoding, such as a phonological processing skill (nonword repetition), working memory, and a family history of literacy problems. Results: The results on a combined measure of the word and nonword decoding indicated that only 18% of the children had age-adequate decoding skills. The proportion of age-adequate decoders did not change noticeably with the school year. The participants’ decoding skills showed larger deviations to test norm means with higher school years. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the best predictors of decoding skills were measures of working memory and nonword repetition, followed by school year. These factors significantly contributed to the variance in decoding among our sample of children with DLD. A family history of literacy problems made no contribution to the variance. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the necessity of assessing and following up on literacy development in children with DLD.
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| 15. |
- Kalnak, Nelli, et al.
(författare)
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Past-tense inflection of non-verbs : a potential clinical marker of developmental language disorder in Swedish children
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:1, s. 10-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: In this paper, we explore the performance of past-tense inflection of non-verbs (NVI) in children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and in typically developing controls, to investigate its accuracy as a clinical marker for Swedish-speaking children with DLD. Further, we investigate the relationship between NVI, nonword-repetition, and family history. Methods: The sample consists of 36 children with DLD (mean age 9;5 years) and 60 controls (mean age 9;2 years). Results: The DLD group performed significantly lower than the controls on the NVI task, with a large effect size of the difference (d = 1.52). Analysis of the clinical accuracy of NVI resulted in 80.6% sensitivity and 76.6% specificity. NVI was significantly and moderately associated with nonword-repetition in the controls, but not in the DLD group. A positive family history, 80.6% in the DLD group and 6.9% in the controls, was associated with lower performance on NVI. When controlling for group (DLD and controls), a non-significant association between family history and performance on the NVI task was found. Conclusions: NVI is a potential clinical marker of DLD in Swedish school-aged children, but the current NVI task does not reach the level of being acceptable. Further development of the NVI task is warranted to improve its accuracy.
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| 16. |
- Karjalainen, Suvi, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation and evaluation of a teacher intervention program on classroom communication
- 2020
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 45:3, s. 110-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Media frequently report on overall work-place challenges in Swedish schools, including teachers’ working conditions, their well-being, and students’ declining results. Language is the key to success in every school subject. Therefore, optimal language learning environments are important. Poor sound environments affect teachers’ vocal health, their general well-being, and students’ performance. To provide better conditions for teachers and students, it is necessary to combine optimized room acoustics with other preventive measures such as vocal training and evidence-based tools to improve classroom communication. Teachers play a key role in the classroom and need knowledge and skills in communicative strategies to ensure first-class communication. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of an intervention program for primary-school teachers comprising strategies for enhanced language learning and interactions in the classroom, with focus on teachers’ verbal and body communication (voice, gaze, and gesture).Methods: Teachers (n = 25) from seven schools teaching in school year 3–6 participated. Assessments were made pre/post intervention and at 5-weeks and 3-months follow-up. The assessments included teachers’ self-assessments (questionnaires) of vocal health, self-efficacy, stress, burnout, and psychosocial work-environment.Results: The main results were significant decrease in voice problems at the 3-months follow-up and significant decrease of both stress and degree of burnout at 5-weeks follow-up. Self-efficacy score had increased significantly at 5-week follow-up.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the intervention program improves teachers’ self-reported vocal health, decreases their perception of stress, and degree of burnout whilst increasing their sense of self-efficacy in classroom management.
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| 17. |
- Karjalainen, Suvi, et al.
(författare)
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Teachers’ descriptions of classroom communication after an SLP-led in-service training
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore teachers’ experience and understanding of classroom communication after participating in a speech-language pathologist (SLP) led in-service training on classroom communication.Method: This qualitative study used a focus group approach to explore how teachers describe their classroom communication. Twenty primary-school teachers participated. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the teachers’ responses about their classroom communication practices 6 months after in-service training.Results: Three core themes on teachers’ understanding of their communication in the classroom were identified in the analysis: (1) awareness of voice use; (2) the use of body communication; (3) setting the stage for learning. The teachers gave many examples of voice use reflecting an increased awareness of audibility and vocal health. They reported on moving around more and using more body communication to enhance their message. Further, they expressed an increased awareness about how body posture affects voice and communication. The third theme reflects how the teachers “sets the stage for learning” i.e. how they use the prerequisites in the physical environment for successful classroom communication, including the classroom’s sound environment as well as seating and furniture.Conclusions: The findings in this study indicate that teachers increased their awareness, implemented new practices in their classroom communication and reflected on prerequisites for classroom communication as a result of the in-service training. Teachers’ classroom communication developed when provided practical training and strategies to increase their awareness on communication. We conclude that this type of SLP-led training can be recommended as in-service training.
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| 18. |
- Klintö, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability of data on percent consonants correct and its associated quality indicator in the Swedish cleft lip and palate registry
- 2024
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 49:1, s. 27-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundData in national health care quality registries must be valid and reliable in order to enable open comparisons of results.AimTo assess the reliability of data on percent consonants correct (PCC) and its associated quality indicator ≥86% correct consonants in the Swedish quality registry for patients born with cleft lip and palate (CLP) registry.MethodsSix independent speech-language pathologists re-assessed the audio recordings of 96 five-year-olds with PCC data in the CLP registry. Target consonants of a single-word picture-naming test were phonetically transcribed, and PCC was calculated. The reliability of PCC data was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The reliability of the quality indicator ≥86% correct consonants was assessed with point-by-point percentage agreement and Cohen’s kappa.ResultsIntra- and inter-judge agreement for PCC was excellent with ICCs above 0.9, and so was the agreement of data from the CLP registry and the six judges’ re-assessments. The percentage agreement between all judges and the CLP registry for the quality indicator ≥86% correct consonants was poor (67%). However, in 88% of the cases, results from four judges and the CLP registry agreed, corresponding to good agreement. The mean of all kappa values for six judges and the CLP registry corresponded to good agreement (0.72).ConclusionsThe results indicate the PCC data in the CLP registry and the quality indicator ≥86% correct consonants to be reliable. When differences in outcome between treatment centres are detected, the raw data collected should always be re-examined before drawing definitive conclusions.
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| 19. |
- Larsson, AnnaKarin, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Persisting speech difficulties at 7-8 years of age - a longitudinal study of speech production in internationally adopted children with cleft lip and palate
- 2024
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 49:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To longitudinally investigate speech production (consonant proficiency, consonant errors and perceived velopharyngeal competence) in 17 internationally adopted (IA) children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) at three time points. Method Consonant proficiency (percent consonants correct, consonant inventory) and number and type of consonant errors were calculated based on blind phonetic transcriptions of words from the Swedish Test of Articulation and Nasality (SVANTE). Velopharyngeal competence was perceptually rated by three blinded experienced speech-language pathologists at the ages of 3, 5 and 7-8 years. Results A significant positive development of speech production was found, although most children still scored very low for consonant proficiency at the age of 7-8 compared with normative values: the median for percent consonants correct was 79.7 and many children still had persisting cleft-related and developmental consonant errors. At the age of 7-8, almost half of the children were rated as having a competent velopharyngeal function and only three as having an incompetent velopharyngeal function. Conclusion Persisting speech difficulties at school age in IA children with UCLP were found in the present study, which is one of the very few longitudinal studies. Our results highlight the need for detailed follow-up of speech production in clinical settings. Speech disorders may have a severe impact on a child's intelligibility and participation with peers, and there is a need for more studies investigating the actual everyday effect of the difficulties found.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Lindström, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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FreDESS : a clinical tool for perceptual evaluation of stuttering
- 2024
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Stuttering is a communication disorder that involves both manifest speech disfluencies and associated symptoms. The purpose of the present study was to introduce an easily administered and ecologically valid assessment tool designed for perceptual evaluation of stuttered speech, FreDESS (frequency of stuttering events, duration of events, effort, secondary behaviours, and severity). More specifically, we wanted to study its reliability and validity. Method: Video recordings of conversations with 38 people who stutter (PWS), 19 females and 19 males aged 13–25, were assessed by three speech language pathologists (SLP). Inter- and intrajudge reliability was estimated with intraclass correlation, standard error of measurement, and agreement between listeners. Internal consistency for the FreDESS parameters was estimated with Cronbach’s alpha (α). To test the validity of FreDESS, the relationships between the average estimated parameters of frequency, duration, secondary behaviours, and severity of FreDESS and the Stuttering Severity Instrument (SSI-3), were analysed using intraclass correlation. Results: The interjudge reliability was good, especially for the frequency, duration, and severity parameters (90 per cent + agreement given 1 scale point difference). All parameters of the FreDESS had strong intrajudge reliability (ICC = 0.86–0.94) and the overall internal consistency was high (α = 0.98). The average ratings on the two assessment scales were in line with each other (r = 0.90–0.96), indicating high concurrent validity. Conclusion: The FreDESS scale for the assessment of stuttered speech may be a valuable tool in clinical and research contexts. It is a valid and more time-efficient assessment instrument than the more commonly used SSI.
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| 22. |
- Lindström, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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How older adults relate to their own voices : a qualitative study of subjective experiences of the aging voice
- 2023
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 48:4, s. 163-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how otherwise healthy older adults with self-assessed voice problems relate to their voice and voice changes. Method: Focus groups were conducted at an activity center to identify how older adults reflect on their own voice and the aging voice in general. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. The analysis was done using thematic content analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in three main themes: “communicational aspects of the aging voice,” “consequences of deteriorating vocal and communicative capacity,” and “attitudes, strategies, and ideas”. The participants considered voice to be an important communication tool and presented what could be interpreted as awareness regarding their voice. Voice changes were considered a natural part of aging. This attitude was also an important reason why the participants had not sought medical care for their voice problems. The participants discussed ideas concerning extended voice use to maintain a functioning voice when aging. Simultaneously, voice changes due to aging were considered to have a negative effect on communication and social participation. Conclusions: The voice is important for older adults, and an insufficient voice can affect communication and social participation. Information about aging voice and voice exercises, for example from speech language pathologists, could be of interest among older adults. Further studies on the voice of older adults are needed regarding how they experience their voice and the general aspects of a healthy aging voice.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Nordberg, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Language ability in 5-12-year-old children with new-onset epilepsy
- 2024
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Ingår i: LOGOPEDICS PHONIATRICS VOCOLOGY. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThis clinically based study aimed to explore and describe language ability in 5-12-year-old children with new-onset epilepsy.Participants and methods: Twenty-one consecutively recruited children (eleven boys, ten girls) with new-onset epilepsy, were assessed using Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals, fourth edition (CELF-4) and additional tests for verbal fluency/word retrieval and phonology. In addition, caregivers rated their child's speech, language, and communication in everyday context. Based on available tests and clinical observation, an overall evaluation of language ability was made to distinguish children with language disorders and children with language difficulties from those with language abilities within the normal range. Language disorder was diagnosed following the ICD-10 criteria. The cutoff for language difficulties was set at 1 standard deviation below the normative mean on the CELF-4 Core Language Score and additional indices.PurposeThis clinically based study aimed to explore and describe language ability in 5-12-year-old children with new-onset epilepsy.Participants and methods: Twenty-one consecutively recruited children (eleven boys, ten girls) with new-onset epilepsy, were assessed using Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals, fourth edition (CELF-4) and additional tests for verbal fluency/word retrieval and phonology. In addition, caregivers rated their child's speech, language, and communication in everyday context. Based on available tests and clinical observation, an overall evaluation of language ability was made to distinguish children with language disorders and children with language difficulties from those with language abilities within the normal range. Language disorder was diagnosed following the ICD-10 criteria. The cutoff for language difficulties was set at 1 standard deviation below the normative mean on the CELF-4 Core Language Score and additional indices.ResultsOut of twenty-one children, ten (47.5%) met the criteria for a language disorder diagnosis according to ICD-10. Another five (24%) had language difficulties but did not meet the criteria for a language disorder diagnosis according to ICD-10. Hence a total of fifteen (71.5%) children had an impaired language ability affecting different domains of language, including receptive language, language memory, and semantic processing. The remaining six (28.5%) children had average language ability.ConclusionIn this group of children with new-onset epilepsy, a large over-representation of co-existing language disorder and language difficulties was found. The findings suggest that specific language assessments for children with new-onset epilepsy are needed, to ensure that adequate interventions and support can be offered.
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| 26. |
- Rex, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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A preliminary validation of a dynamic speech motor assessment for Swedish-speaking children with childhood apraxia of speech
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:4, s. 230-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Children with speech sound disorders (SSDs) have difficulties affecting different levels of speech production. For treatment to be beneficial, it is important to differentiate between Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS)–a motor speech disorder with deficits in speech praxis–and other SSDs (nonCAS-SSD). We have previously developed a motor speech examination Dynamisk motorisk talbedömning (DYMTA). We aimed to evaluate DYMTAs reliability and validity in a small-scale sample to estimate DYMTAs usability in diagnostic settings. Methods: Speech, language, and oral motor abilities were assessed in 45 children between 40 and 106 months. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of DYMTA were analyzed. Further, DYMTAs ability to validly discriminate between children with CAS and nonCAS-SSD was assessed. Results: The intra-rater reliability for the scores of DYMTA was strong, with ICCs ranging from 0.97 to 1.0. DYMTA total score had strong inter-rater reliability as evidenced both by the agreement estimates (DYMTA-A: 0.91 and DYMTA-B: 0.87) and the ICCs (0.97 and 0.96). Inter-rater reliability was also strong for the separate subscores on agreement estimates and for all subscores on ICCs, except for the Prosody subscores. DYMTA accurately discriminated between children with CAS and nonCAS-SSD in this small sample with an AUC of 0.92 for DYMTA-A and 0.94 for DYMTA-B. Conclusions: With its focus on speech movements, DYMTA could serve as a valuable addition to other tests when assessing children’s speech motor performance. This first examination suggests that DYMTA may be both a reliable and valid tool in the diagnostic process of SSD.
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| 27. |
- Rivelsrud, Maribeth Caya, et al.
(författare)
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Qualifications, professional roles and service practices of nurses, occupational therapists and speech-language pathologists in the management of adults with oropharyngeal dysphagia: a Nordic survey
- 2023
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeTo identify the qualifications, professional roles and service practices of nurses, occupational therapists (OTs) and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the management of adults with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) in the Nordic countries.MethodsA web-based survey was developed that consisted of 50 questions on respondent demographics, education, experience, roles and service practices provided for adults with OD. The survey was distributed to practicing nurses, OTs, and SLPs in five Nordic countries via professional associations, social media, online networks and snowballing.ResultsData from 396 nurses, OTs and SLPs whom provided services for adults with OD revealed that the majority of respondents worked in acute care and inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Most respondents had minimal undergraduate education and practical clinical training in OD. Notable variances in roles and service practices in OD between professions and countries were found. OTs were the primary service provider for OD management in Denmark, while SLPs had this role in the other Nordic countries. Nurses were mainly involved in screening and some compensatory treatments in most Nordic countries. Limited use of evidence-based screening, non-instrumental or instrumental clinical assessments and rehabilitative therapeutic methods was evident.ConclusionsStudy results highlight challenges in education and training of professionals responsible for the management of adults with OD in the Nordic countries. Increased use of evidence-based assessment and exercise-based treatments to improve swallowing are warranted. Adherence to European and international clinical practice guidelines for the management of adults with OD is recommended.
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| 28. |
- Rosqvist, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Children’s development of semantic verbal fluency during summer vacation versus during formal schooling
- 2020
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 45:3, s. 134-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Children’s results on school-related achievements tests, such as aspects of math, reading and writing, have been shown to decline following a lengthy summer vacation. Few studies have investigated whether this also applies to vocabulary skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate how lexical organization and retrieval, assessed by a semantic verbal fluency (SVF) task, develops during a lengthy summer vacation versus formal schooling. Method: Sixty-eight children with mean age of 7.9 (ranging from 6.5 to 9.1), were assessed pre- and post-summer vacation and post-fall semester using two SVF categories (Animals and Clothes). The number of words produced in both categories gave the total score. Results: The result of the SVF tests decreased following summer vacation. The loss was recouped at the post-fall semester assessment, but no gains compared to initial testing were shown. Neither level of parental education, general language ability, non-verbal IQ, nor bilingualism explained the variance in development during the summer vacation or the fall semester. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that a lengthy summer vacation causes a recess in the expected development of SVF ability and that this recess is recouped after a semester of formal schooling. The findings are in line with previous research indicating that summer vacation may have negative impact on the development of important scholastic abilities in children.
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| 29. |
- Sahlén, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Best ear hearing level, time factors and language outcome in Swedish children with mild and moderate hearing loss with hearing aids
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:4, s. 239-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The risk for language disorder is high in children with all levels of hearing loss (HL). Early identification and intervention should be as important for children with mild HL as for those with more severe HL. Despite new-born hearing screening, a recent survey of speech language therapist services in southern Sweden indicates that children with mild and moderate HL are severely neglected when it comes to language assessment and language intervention. In this study we explore associations between Best Ear Hearing Level (BEHL), time factors and language skills in Swedish children with HL with hearing aids (HA). Method: Participants were 19 children with mild HL (BEHL 23–39) and 22 children with moderate HL (BEHL 40–70) aged 5–15 years. Information on age at diagnosis and at HA fitting were collected. The children performed a nonword repetition and a sentence comprehension task. Results: The time elapsed between diagnosis and fitting with HA was longer for the children with mild HL.Participants with mild HL received their HA significantly later than children with moderate HL. No association between BEHL and the two language measures was found, and language skills were not better in children with mild than moderate HL. 17% of participants performed below cut-off for language disorder on both language measures. Conclusion: Given the risk for long-term academic and social consequences of even mild HL delayed HA intervention for children with HLleads to serious concerns by families, clinicians, and pedagogues.
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| 30. |
- Sandgren, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Using a word association task to investigate semantic depth in swedish-speaking children with developmental language disorder
- 2021
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 46:3, s. 134-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined word associations in Swedish children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) compared to their typically developing (TD) peers. Furthermore, the study aimed to explore the dimensions of vocabulary knowledge (breadth, depth, and fluency) in these children. Fifty children (15 DLD and 35 TD) participated in the study, aged six to nine years. This age span is commonly associated with substantial lexical reorganisation, by some referred to as the syntagmatic-paradigmatic shift. Fifty items from the Kent-Rosanoff list were used to elicit word associations (say the first word that comes to mind). Word associations were coded as paradigmatic (lion-tiger), syntagmatic (chair-sit), phonological (moon-poon), and other/no answer (foot-hello/bed- -). A semantic depth score (paradigmatic and syntagmatic associations) was calculated and analysed. The children with DLD showed significantly lower semantic depth scores than their TD peers, in line with previous research in English-speaking children. However, the vocabulary dimensions were uniformly affected for the DLD group, contradicting previous findings of semantic depth as a particular area of weakness in this group.
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| 31. |
- Schachinger-Lorentzon, Ulrika, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Developmental language disorder: similarities and differences between 6-year-old mono- and multilingual children
- 2024
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated language ability in 6-year-old mono- and multilingual children who, at age 2;6 years, had screened positive for developmental language disorder (DLD). One hundred children (32 girls, 68 boys) were assessed at an average age of 2;9 years (T1) and 85 of them (30 girls, 55 boys) were reassessed at age 6;0 years (T2) using a standardised test battery. Of these, 68 (23 girls, 45 boys) met the criteria for DLD diagnosis; 28 of them were monolingual and 40 multilingual. Language profiles at T2 were analysed, as were the associations between DLD and a mono- or multilingual background as well as other measures collected at T1, including mean length of utterance (MLU), heredity and parental education. As expected, the results showed that the total group (including both mono- and multilingual children) scored below test norms for 6-year-olds on all language tests, except for receptive vocabulary, where the monolingual children scored in line with those norms. The multilingual group performed significantly less well than the monolingual one on language comprehension, receptive vocabulary, recalling sentences, word finding and story retelling; disparities regarding MLU and language comprehension were already evident at T1. Interestingly, MLU at T1 showed a moderate association with language comprehension at T2 in the total group. The monolingual children were more likely than the multilinguals to have heredity for DLD or reading and writing disorders. In conclusion, language difficulties identified through screening and assessment before age 3 years often persist at age 6 years.
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| 32. |
- Socher, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between reasoning and language ability : comparing children with cochlear implants and children with typical hearing
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:2, s. 73-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeLanguage has been suggested to play a facilitating role for analogical reasoning tasks, especially for those with high complexity. This study aims to evaluate if differences in analogical reasoning ability between children with cochlear implants (CI) and children with typical hearing (TH) might be explained by differences in language ability.MethodsThe analogical reasoning ability (verbal; non-verbal; complex non-verbal: high relational integration demand) of children with CI (N = 15, mean age = 6;7) was compared to two groups of children with TH: age and language matched (TH-A+L, N = 23, mean age = 6;5), and age matched (TH-A, N = 23, mean age = 6;5).ResultsChildren with CI were found to perform comparable to Group TH-A+L on non-verbal reasoning tasks but significantly more poorly on a verbal analogical reasoning task. Children with CI were found to perform significantly more poorly on both the non-verbal analogical reasoning task with high relational integration demand and on the verbal analogical reasoning task compared to Group TH-A. For the non-verbal analogical reasoning task with lower relational integration demand only a tendency for a difference between group CI and Group TH-A was found.ConclusionsThe results suggest that verbal strategies are influencing the performance on the non-verbal analogical reasoning tasks with a higher relational integration demand. The possible reasons for this are discussed. The verbal analogical reasoning task used in the current study partly measured lexical access. Differences between the children with CI and both groups of children with TH might therefore be explained by differences in expressive vocabulary skills.
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| 33. |
- Sundberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Voice source, formant frequencies and vocal tract shape in overtone singing. A case study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; , s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: In overtone singing a singer produces two pitches simultaneously, a low-pitched, continuous drone plus a melody played on the higher, flutelike and strongly enhanced overtones of the drone. The purpose of this study was to analyse underlying acoustical, phonatory and articulatory phenomena. Methods: The voice source was analyzed by inverse filtering the sound, the articulation from a dynamic MRI video of the vocal tract profile, and the lip opening from a frontal-view video recording. Vocal tract cross-distances were measured in the MR recording and converted to area functions, the formant frequencies of which computed. Results: Inverse filtering revealed that the overtone enhancement resulted from a close clustering of formants 2 and 3. The MRI material showed that for low enhanced overtone frequencies (F E) the tongue tip was raised and strongly retracted, while for high F E the tongue tip was less retracted but forming a longer constriction. Thus, the tongue configuration changed from an apical/anterior to a dorsal/posterior articulation. The formant frequencies derived from the area functions matched almost perfectly those used for the inverse filtering. Further, analyses of the area functions revealed that the second formant frequency was strongly dependent on the back cavity, and the third on the front cavity, which acted like a Helmholtz resonator, tuned by the tongue tip position and lip opening. Conclusions: This type of overtone singing can be fully explained by the well-established source-filter theory of voice production, as recently found by Bergevin et al. [1] for another type of overtone singing.
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| 34. |
- Whitling, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of warm-up exercises on self-assessed vocal effort
- 2023
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 48:4, s. 172-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: An elevated sense of vocal effort due to increased vocal demand is frequently reported by patients with voice disorders. However, effects of vocal warm-up on self-assessed vocal effort have not been thoroughly examined. A recently developed version of the Borg CR-10 Scale facilitates vocal effort assessments, following different vocal warm-up tasks. Methods: Effects of a short (5 min) vocal warm-up on self-assessed vocal effort was evaluated using the Borg CR-10. Twenty-six vocally healthy participants (13F, 13M, mean age 22.6), in two randomised groups, underwent sessions of either reading aloud or semi-occluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTE). Vocal effort was evaluated at four times: pre to post vocal warm-up and two silence periods. Non-parametric analyses for repeated measures and calculations for within-subject standard deviation were applied in group comparisons. Results: Following vocal warm-up, vocal effort ratings were increased to a statistically significant degree in both intervention groups compared to baseline ratings. After a 5-min rest in silence following completion of the vocal warm-up, vocal effort ratings returned to baseline levels in both groups. The drop in ratings immediately post warm-up compared to 5 min later was statistically significant for the SOVTE group. Conclusions: Five minutes of vocal warm-up caused increased self-perceived vocal effort in vocally healthy individuals. The increased sense of effort dissipated faster following warm-up for the SOVTE group. When using the Borg CR-10 scale to track vocal effort, it may be beneficial to apply experience-based anchors.
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| 35. |
- Wiberg, S., et al.
(författare)
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Tracheostomy management by speech-language pathologists in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:3, s. 146-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) role in tracheostomy management is well described internationally. Surveys from Australia and the United Kingdom show high clinical consistency in SLP tracheostomy management, and that practice follows guidelines, research evidence and protocols. Swedish SLPs work with tracheostomised patients, however, the content and extent of this practice, and how it compares to international research is unknown. This study reports how SLPs in Sweden work with tracheostomised patients, investigating (a) the differences and similarities in SLPs tracheostomy management and (b) the facilitators and barriers to tracheostomy management, as reported by SLPs. Methods: A study-specific, online questionnaire was completed by 28 SLPs who had managed tracheostomised patients during the previous year. This study was conducted in 2018, pre Covid-19 pandemic. The answers were analysed for exploratory descriptive comparison of data. Content analyses were made on answers from open-ended questions. Results: Swedish SLPs manage tracheostomised patients, both for dysphagia and communication. During this study, the use of protocols and guidelines were limited and SLPs were often not part of a tracheostomy team. Speech-language pathologists reported that the biggest challenges in tracheostomy management were in (a) collaboration with other professionals, (b) unclear roles and (c) self-perceived inexperience. Improved collaboration with other professionals and clearer roles was suggested to facilitate team tracheostomy management. Conclusions: This study provides insight into SLP tracheostomy management in Sweden, previously uncharted. Results suggest improved collaboration, further education and clinical training as beneficial for a clearer and more involved SLP role in tracheostomy management.
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| 36. |
- Wikse Barrow, Carla, et al.
(författare)
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A survey of Swedish speech-language pathologists’ practices regarding assessment of speech sound disorders
- 2023
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 48:1, s. 23-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To explore Swedish clinical practice regarding assessment of suspected Speech Sound Disorders (SSD) in children.Methods A web-based questionnaire, regarding assessment of SSD in children 4;6–6;11 (years; months), was distributed to Swedish speech-language pathologists (SLPs) through social media and online forums. The questions concerned the frequency and manner of assessment for seven assessment components, chosen based on a review of international recommendations for SSD assessment.Results A total of 131 SLPs responded to the questionnaire. The results show that Swedish SSD assessment practices vary with regards to the frequency and manner of assessment for many components. Speech output is frequently assessed while speech perception, phonological awareness and oral-motor function are assessed less frequently. A variety of manners of assessment, for example, standardised tests, non-standardised material, and informal assessment procedures, such as observation, are utilized by respondents.Conclusions Swedish SSD assessment practices are variable. The present paper reveals areas for development within SLP practice and education programmes, and provides a new perspective on present praxis with regards to the assessment of suspected SSD in Sweden.
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| 37. |
- Yli-Hukka, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Dysphagia terminology for texture modified fluid and food: a national survey of speech-language pathologists’ practice
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Texture modified consistencies (TMC) is a common compensatory strategy in dysphagia management. Lack of consensus regarding TMC terminology places a person at risk of poor oral intake, malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration. Purpose: To investigate: (a) Swedish Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) dysphagia management with TMC, including terminology, inter-professional collaboration, and knowledge of standard TMC guides; and (b) the current TMC terminology/guides used within university hospitals, in Sweden. Method: Part One surveyed SLPs from 19/21 regions. Recruitment occurred via regional SLP/department managers, the national SLP association and email lists. Non-parametric statistics were employed. Part Two explored TMC guides within the seven university hospitals. Result: The initial survey identified 78 Swedish TMC terms. Overlap of both TMC terms and descriptions occurred. Different terms to describe same/similar textures were used by 70% of the SLPs. Knowledge of established guides was high (>90%), though TMC was often (60%) based on locally developed documents. Collaboration with other professions was reported by 97% of SLPs, however almost half perceived collaboration to be inadequate, citing difficulties with transfer of TMC recommendations. Variance in TMC terms/guides within/across the university hospitals occurred. Conclusion: Variable TMC terminology is used in Sweden, impacting optimal dysphagia management. Future research should focus upon implementation of standardised TMC terminology. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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| 38. |
- Åsberg Johnels, Jakob, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Language/cognitive predictors of literacy skills in 12-year-old children on the autism spectrum
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:3, s. 166-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim Some school age children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) struggle with literacy development, yet, the individual differences are major and not well understood. Moreover, literacy attainment is multi-faceted and literacy skills and difficulties manifest in more than one way. The aim of this study was to describe this variability and to identify language/cognitive predictors of different literacy skills. Methods We assessed different literacy skills (word reading accuracy, reading fluency, reading comprehension, and spelling), along with a set of language/cognitive predictor skills (listening comprehension, rapid automatized naming, phonological awareness and nonverbal cognitive ability), in 12-year-old children with ASD without intellectual disability recruited from a longitudinal study in Sweden. Results There was great heterogeneity (from floor to ceiling levels) in literacy skills, with a statistically increased prevalence of poor reading comprehension and reading fluency compared with population norms. In regression analyses, it was shown that concurrent language/cognitive predictor skills (e.g. phonological awareness) were differentially associated with literacy subskills. Moreover, a longitudinal analysis showed that preschool language problems were associated with poor word reading accuracy and spelling in middle school. Conclusions The results confirm previous findings as well as provide new knowledge regarding profiles of literacy (difficulties) in children with ASD; interestingly, the identified predictors of literacy skills in ASD resembled those identified as important in general reading (and dyslexia) research, which might indicate that similar kinds of support and training would be beneficial.
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