| 1. |
- Andersson, Ketty, et al.
(författare)
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Does the narrative ability during retelling differ in 5-year-olds born with and without unilateral cleft lip and palate?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:1, s. 18-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A previous study has indicated poorer narrative ability during retelling in 5-year-olds with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) as a group, compared to peers without UCLP. Aim: To investigate if there are any differences between 5-year-olds with and without UCLP in narrative ability during retelling. Methods: A total of 83 children participated, 51 with UCLP and 32 without. They had no known additional malformations or syndromes. The children were audio recorded while performing the Bus Story Test (BST). The recordings were orthographically transcribed. From the transcriptions the BST information score was calculated. The macrostructure of the narratives was assessed with the Narrative Scoring Scheme (NSS), and the microstructure with mean length of utterance in words, grammaticality, grammatical complexity and lexical diversity. Results for children with and without UCLP were compared. Results: The group with UCLP performed better than the group without UCLP in the NSS sub-category Conclusion. No other significant differences were seen between the groups. The UCLP group had a larger standard deviation for the information score than the group without UCLP. Conclusions: The group with UCLP displayed at least as good results as the group without UCLP, but the information score was more varied for the UCLP group than for the group without UCLP.
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| 2. |
- Aronsson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Loud voice during environmental noise exposure in patients with vocal nodules
- 2007
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 32:2, s. 60-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate how female patients with vocal nodules use their voices when trying to make themselves heard over background noise. Ten patients with bilateral vocal fold nodules and 23 female controls were recorded reading a text in four conditions, one without noise and three with noise from cafes/pubs, played over loudspeakers at 69, 77 and 85 dBA. The noise was separated from the voice signal using a high-resolution channel estimation technique. Both patients and controls increased voice sound pressure level (SPL), fundamental frequency (F0), subglottal pressure (Ps) and their subjective ratings of strain significantly as a main effect of the increased background noise. The patients used significantly higher Ps in all four conditions. Despite this they did not differ significantly from the controls in voice SPL, F0 or perceived strain. It was concluded that speaking in background noise is a risk factor for vocal loading. Vocal loading tests in clinical settings are important and further development of assessment methods is needed.
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| 3. |
- Asker-Árnason, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Process and product in writing : A methodological contribution to the assessment of written narratives in 8-12 year old Swedish children using ScriptLog
- 2008
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - Oslo : Scandinavian University Press. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 33:3, s. 143-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty-seven children, with typical language development (TLD), 8-10 years old and 10-12 years old, were assessed with keystroke-logging in order to investigate their narrative writing. Measures of the writing process and the written product were used. One purpose was to explore how children produce written narratives in on-line production, and to relate the writing process to the written product. The results showed that those children who produced the final text faster, also wrote stories that comprised of more words. In the group of older children, children with better narrative ability used less pause time than those with worse ability, and the girls were faster writers than the boys. We believe that keystroke-logging gives valuable information for the assessment of young children's writing and that it is a potentially valid assessment tool for children from about 10 years of age.
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| 4. |
- Baker, C. P., et al.
(författare)
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Female adolescent singing voice characteristics : an exploratory study using LTAS and inverse filtering
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; , s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aim: To date, little research is available that objectively quantifies female adolescent singing-voice characteristics in light of the physiological and functional developments that occur from puberty to adulthood. This exploratory study sought to augment the pool of data available that offers objective voice analysis of female singers in late adolescence. Methods: Using long-term average spectra (LTAS) and inverse filtering techniques, dynamic range and voice-source characteristics were determined in a cohort of vocally healthy cis-gender female adolescent singers (17 to 19 years) from high-school choirs in Aotearoa New Zealand. Non-parametric statistics were used to determine associations and significant differences. Results: Wide intersubject variation was seen between dynamic range, spectral measures of harmonic organisation (formant cluster prominence, FCP), noise components in the spectrum (high-frequency energy ratio, HFER), and the normalised amplitude quotient (NAQ) suggesting great variability in ability to control phonatory mechanisms such as subglottal pressure (Psub), glottal configuration and adduction, and vocal tract shaping. A strong association between the HFER and NAQ suggest that these non-invasive measures may offer complimentary insights into vocal function, specifically with regard to glottal adduction and turbulent noise in the voice signal. Conclusion: Knowledge of the range of variation within healthy adolescent singers is necessary for the development of effective and inclusive pedagogical practices, and for vocal-health professionals working with singers of this age. LTAS and inverse filtering are useful non-invasive tools for determining such characteristics.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Björkner, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Subglottal Pressure and Normalized Amplitude Quotient Variation in Classically Trained Baritone Singers
- 2006
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 31:4, s. 157-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The subglottal pressure (Ps) and voice source characteristics of five professional baritone singers have been analyzed and the normalized amplitude quotient (NAQ), defined as the ratio between peak-to-peak pulse amplitude and the negative peak of the differentiated flow glottogram and normalized with respect to the period time, was used as an estimate of glottal adduction. The relationship between Ps and NAQ has been investigated in female subjects in two earlier studies. One of these revealed NAQ differences between both singing styles and phonation modes, and the other, based on register differences in female musical theatre singers, showed that NAQ differed between registers for the same PPs value. These studies thus suggest that NAQ and its variation with PPs represent a useful parameter in the analysis of voice source characteristics. The present study aims at increasing our knowledge of the NAQ parameter further by finding out how it varies with pitch and PPs in professional classically trained baritone singers, singing at high and low pitch (278 Hz and 139 Hz, respectively). Ten equally spaced Ps values were selected from three takes of the syllable [pae:], initiated at maximum vocal loudness and repeated with a continuously decreasing vocal loudness. The vowel sounds following the selected PPs peaks were inverse filtered. Data on peak-to-peak pulse amplitude, maximum flow declination rate and NAQ are presented.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bruce, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Can severe language disorders be identified before age 3;6?
- 1996
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 21:1, s. 37-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new classification system indicating type and severity of language disorder was applied by five speech pathologists. They independently interpreted information from the initial language assessment of 39 children with developmental language disorder (DLD), who had been assessed by one of the present authors before age 3;6. Information about planned intervention was also collected. The children were reassessed 18 months later. The amount of language therapy the children had received was calculated and related to the type and severity of the language disorder. Our results indicate that the DLD children, who initially had general language problems performed worse on reassessment than children with expressive problems. More extensive intervention programmes were planned for the children with general DLD. According to follow-up data they had, however, not received more therapy than children with more restricted disorders.
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| 11. |
- Brännström, K. Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Passage comprehension performance in children with cochlear implants and/or hearing aids : the effects of voice quality and multi-talker babble noise in relation to executive function
- 2020
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 45:1, s. 15-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Speech signal degradation such as a voice disorder presented in quiet or in combination with multi-talker babble noise could affect listening comprehension in children with hearing impairment. This study aims to investigate the effects of voice quality and multi-talker babble noise on passage comprehension in children with using cochlear implants (CIs) and/or hearing aids (HAs). It also aims to examine what role executive functioning has for passage comprehension in listening conditions with degraded signals (voice quality and multi-talker babble noise) in children using CI/HA. Methods: Twenty-three children (10 boys and 13 girls; mean age 9 years) using CI and/or HA were tested for passage comprehension in four listening conditions: a typical voice or a (hoarse) dysphonic, voice presented in quiet or in multi-talker babble noise. Results: The results show that the dysphonic voice did not affect passage comprehension in quiet or in noise. Multi-talker babble noise decreased passage comprehension compared to performance in quiet. No interactions with executive function were found. Conclusions: In conclusion, children with CI/HA seem to struggle with comprehension in poor sound environments, which in turn may reduce learning opportunities at school.
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| 12. |
- Brännström, K. Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived listening effort in children with hearing loss : listening to a dysphonic voice in quiet and in noise
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:1, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The present study investigates the effect of signal degradation on perceived listening effort in children with hearing loss listening in a simulated class-room context. It also examines the associations between perceived listening effort, passage comprehension performance and executive functioning. Methods: Twenty-four children (aged 06:03–13:00 years) with hearing impairment using cochlear implant (CI) and/or hearing aids (HA) participated. The children made ratings of perceived listening effort after completing an auditory passage comprehension task. All children performed the task in four different listening conditions: listening to a typical (i.e. normal) voice in quiet, to a dysphonic voice in quiet, to a typical voice in background noise and to a dysphonic voice in background noise. In addition, the children completed a task assessing executive function. Results: Both voice quality and background noise increased perceived listening effort in children with CI/HA, but no interaction with executive function was seen. Conclusion: Since increased listening effort seems to be a consequence of increased cognitive resource spending, it is likely that less resources will be available for these children not only to comprehend but also to learn in challenging listening environments such as classrooms.
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| 13. |
- Brännström, K. Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of voice quality and multi-talker babble noise on sentence processing and recall performance in school children using cochlear implant and/or hearing aids
- 2019
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 44:2, s. 87-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study examines the influence of voice quality and multi-talker babble noise on processing and storage performance in a working memory task performed by children using cochlear implants (CI) and/or hearing aids (HA). Methods: Twenty-three children with a hearing impairment using CI and/or HA participated. Age range was between 6 and 13 years. The Competing Language Processing Task (CLPT) was assessed in three listening conditions; a typical voice presented in quiet, a dysphonic voice in quiet, and a typical voice in multi-talker babble noise (signal-to-noise ratio +10 dB). Being a dual task, the CLPT consists of a sentence processing component and a recall component. The recall component constitutes the measure of working memory capacity (WMC). Higher-level executive function was assessed using Elithorn?s mazes. Results: The results showed that the dysphonic voice did not affect performance in the processing component or performance in the recall component. Multi-talker babble noise decreased performance in the recall component but not in the processing component. Higher-level executive function was not significantly related to performance in any component. Conclusions: The findings indicate that multi-talker babble noise, but not a dysphonic voice quality, seems to put strain on WMC in children using CI and/or HA. AbbreviationsCLPT competing language processing taskISTS international speech test signalSLP speech and language pathologistsWMC working memory capacity.
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| 14. |
- Dahlén, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment fidelity of a language screening instrument for 4-year-olds
- 2023
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 48:4, s. 189-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the assessment fidelity of Språkfyran, a language screening instrument for four-year-old children. Språkfyran is a mandatory part of the healthcare program within the Swedish Child Health Service (CHS) and is offered to all four-year-olds in the region Scania in Sweden. Methods: The study was based on structured observations of twenty-four specialist CHS nurses’ adherence to the Språkfyran protocol during screening. Results: All the observed nurses deviated from the test protocol. There was a large variation in the number of deviations from the test protocol per nurse, with the highest number of deviations occurring for three specific testing items. Significantly more deviations were made with four-year-old bilingual children as opposed to four-year-old monolingual children. Half of the nurses did not use the test protocol. Conclusions: There is a clear need to improve the assessment fidelity of Språkfyran. Both the training that the nurses are offered, and the development of the test, are essential in securing the aim of high-quality work within the CHS. Support from experts in child speech-language development and disorders is suggested to be available at the CHS in Sweden.
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| 15. |
- Dong, Li, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term-average spectrum characteristics of Kunqu Opera singers' speaking, singing and stage speech
- 2014
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 39:2, s. 72-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term-average spectrum (LTAS) characteristics were analyzed for ten Kunqu Opera singers, two in each of five roles. Each singer performed singing, stage speech, and conversational speech. Differences between the roles and between their performances of these three conditions are examined. After compensating for Leq difference LTAS characteristics still differ between the roles but are similar for the three conditions, especially for Colorful face (CF) and Old man roles, and especially between reading and singing. The curves show no evidence of a singer's formant cluster peak, but the CF role demonstrates a speaker's formant peak near 3 kHz. The LTAS characteristics deviate markedly from non-singers' standard conversational speech as well as from those of Western opera singing.
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| 16. |
- Dyne, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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"Aha, so that’s how it’s done!"–parents’ voices on an early language and literacy intervention
- 2024
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The early intervention Språkstart Halland targets children aged 0–3 years. During home visits at 6 and 11 months, library staff deliver gift-packs containing books, toys, songs, and rhymes to promote early language stimulation. Parents are encouraged to engage in ‘talk, play, sing, read’ activities to support language development. The aim of the present study was to examine parents’ experiences of the 6- and 11-month visits and develop an understanding of their general impressions and thoughts regarding the perceived impact of the visits. Parents (n = 15) were interviewed in four focus groups and two one-on-one interviews. Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. The findings show that the intervention changed the parents’ mindset and increased their knowledge regarding early language stimulation. Tools and strategies benefitting the parent-child interaction were gained. A positive experience and personal guidance created motivation for the parents to carry out the language stimulating activities after the visit. Social gains were described. The findings imply usefulness of the intervention in supporting children’s language and literacy development.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Echternach, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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Vocal tract and register changes analysed by real-time MRI in male professional singers - a pilot study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 33:2, s. 67-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes of vocal tract shape accompanying changes of vocal register and pitch in singing have remained an unclear field. Dynamic real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was applied to two professional classical singers (a tenor and a baritone) in this pilot study. The singers sang ascending scales from B3 to G#4 on the vowel /a/, keeping the modal register throughout or shifting to falsetto register for the highest pitches. The results show that these singers made few and minor modifications of vocal tract shape when they changed from modal to falsetto and some clear modifications when they kept the register. In this case the baritone increased his tongue dorsum height, widened his jaw opening, and decreased his jaw protrusion, while the tenor merely lifted his uvula. The method used seems promising and should be applied to a greater number of singer subjects in the future.
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| 19. |
- Enflo, Laura, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Vocal fold collision threshold pressure: An alternative to phonation threshold pressure?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 34:4, s. 210-217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phonation threshold pressure (PTP), frequently used for characterizing vocal fold properties, is often difficult to measure. This investigation analyses the lowest pressure initiating vocal fold collision (CTP). Microphone, electroglottograph (EGG), and oral pressure signals were recorded, before and after vocal warm-up, in 15 amateur singers, repeating the syllable /pa:/ at several fundamental frequencies with gradually decreasing vocal loudness. Subglottal pressure was estimated from oral pressure during the p-occlusion, using the audio and the EGG amplitudes as criteria for PTP and CTP. The coefficient of variation was mostly lower for CTP than for PTP. Both CTP and PTP tended to be higher before than after the warm-up. The results support the conclusion that CTP is a promising parameter in investigations of vocal fold characteristics.
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| 20. |
- Forsgren, Emma, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Training conversation partners of persons with communication disorders related to Parkinsons disease - a protocol and a pilot study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 38:2, s. 82-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports on the adaptation of a training programme for conversation partners of persons with Parkinson's disease, and a protocol for assessment of possible changes in conversational interaction as a result of intervention. We present data from an explorative multiple case study with three individuals with Parkinson's disease and their spouses. Repeated analysis of natural conversational interaction and measures of the participants’ perception of communication as well as measures of different cognitive abilities were obtained. The results show that the communication in all three dyads was affected by both speech and language problems and that the conversation training model and the assessment protocol may work well after minor adjustments. Influence of different aspects of cognition on communication is discussed.
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| 21. |
- From, Asa, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in phonologic and prosodic abilities in children with phonological language impairment and phonological-grammatical language impairment assessed with non-word repetition
- 2016
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 41:2, s. 66-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prosody can be described as the rhythmic, dynamic, and melodic aspects of language. Swedish has a relatively complex prosodic system compared to, for example, English. A large percentage of Swedish children with language impairment show prosodic problems to some extent. In the present study, non-word repetition was used to assess the phonological and prosodic abilities in children with phonological language impairment and children with phonological-grammatical language impairment. In the study, 10 children with phonological language impairment and 14 children with phonological-grammatical language impairment from 4;3 to 6;2 years of age participated. All children heard the same recorded non-words and words. The group with phonological language impairment received higher scores in all variables, compared to the group with phonological-grammatical language impairment. The results showed significant differences between the groups regarding production of vowels correct in words and production of phonemes correct in non-words as well as production of unstressed syllables in non-words and production of correct stress in non-words. Percent correctly produced vowels in words, but not in non-words, correlated significantly with grammatical ability.
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| 22. |
- Granqvist, Svante, et al.
(författare)
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Resonance tube phonation in water : High-speed imaging, electroglottographic and oral pressure observations of vocal fold vibrations - A pilot study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 40:3, s. 113-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phonation into glass tubes (resonance tubes), keeping the free end of the tube in water, has been a frequently used voice therapy method in Finland and more recently also in other countries. The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate what effects tube phonation with and without water has on the larynx. Two participants were included in the study. The methods used were high-speed imaging, electroglottographic observations of vocal fold vibrations, and measurements of oral pressure during tube phonation. Results showed that the fluctuation in the back pressure during tube phonation in water altered the vocal fold vibrations. In the high-speed imaging, effects were found in the open quotient and amplitude variation of the glottal opening. The open quotient increased with increasing water depth (from 2 cm to 6 cm). A modulation effect by the water bubbles on the vocal fold vibrations was seen both in the high-speed glottal area tracings and in the electroglottography signal. A second experiment revealed that the increased average oral pressure was largely determined by the water depth. The increased open quotient can possibly be explained by an increased abduction of the vocal folds and/or a reduced transglottal pressure. The back pressure of the bubbles also modulates glottal vibrations with a possible massage effect on the vocal folds. This effect and the well-defined average pressure increase due to the known water depth are different from those of other methods using a semi-occluded vocal tract.
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| 23. |
- Granqvist, Svante
(författare)
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The self-to-other ratio applied as a phonation detector for voice accumulation
- 2003
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 28:2, s. 71-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new method for phonation detection is presented. The method utilises two microphones attached near the subject's ears. Simplified, phonation is assumed to occur when the signals appear mainly in-phase and at equal amplitude. Several signal processing steps are added in order to improve the phonation detection, and finally the original signal is sorted in separate channels corresponding to the phonated and non-phonated instances. The method is tested in a laboratory setting to demonstrate the need for some of the stages of the signal processing and to examine the processing speed. The resulting sound file allows for measurement of phonation time, speaking time and fundamental frequency of the subject and sound pressure level of the subject's voice and the environmental sounds separately. The present implementation gives great freedom for adjustment of analysis parameters, since the microphone signals are recorded on DAT tape and the processing is performed off-line on a PC. In future versions, a voice accumulator based on this principle could be designed in order to shorten analysis time and thus make the method more appropriate for clinical use.
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| 24. |
- Granqvist, Svante
(författare)
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The visual sort and rate method for perceptual evaluation in listening tests
- 2003
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 28:3, s. 109-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces the Visual Sort and Rate (VSR) method which can be utilized for perceptual rating of sound stimuli. The method facilitates comparing similar stimuli, thus making the rank ordering of the stimuli easier. To examine the potential benefits of the method, it was compared with two other methods for perceptual rating of audio stimuli. The first method was a straightforward computer-based implementation of a visual analogue scale (VAS) allowing multiple playbacks and re-play of previously heard stimuli (C-VAS). The second method utilized a VAS where the responses were given on paper (P-VAS). The three methods were compared by using two sets of stimuli. The first set was a synthetically generated series of stimuli mimicking the vowel /a/ with different spectral tilts. In this test, a single parameter was rated. The second set of stimuli was a naturally spoken voice. For this set of stimuli three parameters were rated. Results show that the VSR method gave better reliability of the subjects' ratings in the single-parameter tests: Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were significantly higher for the VSR method than for the other methods. For the multi-parameter, intra-subject test, significantly higher Pearson correlation coefficients were found for the VSR method than for the VAS on paper.
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| 25. |
- Grenner, Emily, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of intervention on self-efficacy and text quality in elementary school students’ narrative writing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 46:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Self-efficacy for writing is an important motivational factor and considered to predict writing performance. Self-efficacy for narrative writing has been sparsely studied, and few studies focus on the effects of writing intervention on self-efficacy. Additionally, there is a lack of validated measures of self-efficacy for elementary school students. In a previous study, we found that a trained panel rated personal narrative text quality higher for girls than for boys, which led to our aim: to investigate boys’ and girls’ self-efficacy for narrative writing before and after an intervention, and to explore associations between self-efficacy and text quality. Method: An 18-item self-efficacy scale was developed. Fifty-five fifth-grade students (M 11:2 years, SD 3.7 months) filled out the scale before and after a five-lesson observational learning intervention. Self-efficacy was then related to writing performance as measured by holistic text quality ratings. Results: Self-efficacy was strong and increased significantly post-intervention. There were moderate correlations between self-efficacy and writing performance pre- and post-intervention. Further, self-efficacy scores were considerably higher than text quality ratings. Girls and boys demonstrated similar self-efficacy, despite girls’ higher text quality. Conclusion: The results support previous findings of strong self-efficacy at this age. The interaction between writing self-efficacy and performance is complex. Young students may not be able to differentiate between self-efficacy, general skills, task performance, perceived effort and self-regulation. Self-efficacy scales should thus be carefully constructed with respect to validity, genre, school grade, instruction and to students’ general educational context.
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| 26. |
- Grenner, Emily, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of narrative text quality in students with hearing loss
- 2021
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - 1401-5439.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Students with hearing loss (HL) often fall behind hearing peers in complex language tasks such as narrative writing. This study explored the effects of school grade, gender, cognitive and linguistic predisposition and audiological factors on narrative text quality in this target group.Method: Eleven students with HL in Grades 5–6 and 7–8 (age 12–15) who took part in a writing intervention wrote four narrative texts over six months. A trained panel rated text quality. The effects of the students' working memory capacity, language comprehension, reading comprehension, school grade and gender and the intervention were analyzed as a mixed-effects regression model. Audiological factors were considered separately.Results: The analysis showed that throughout the period, texts written by female students in Grade 7–8 received the highest text quality ratings, while those written by male students in Grade 7-8 received the lowest ratings. There was no effect of the intervention, or of the linguistic and cognitive measures. The students with the lowest text quality ratings received amplification later than those with high ratings, but HL severity was not associated with text quality.Conclusion: Hearing loss severity was not a decisive factor in narrative text quality. The intervention which the students took part in is potentially effective, with some adaptation to the special needs of students with HL. The strong gender effects are discussed.
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| 27. |
- Hallin, Anna Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Factors affecting speech-language pathologists’ language assessment procedures and tools–challenges and future directions in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: National surveys of speech-language pathologists’ (SLP) practices play an important role in professional development, and previous research show that many challenges faced by the profession are similar across the globe. This study aims to describe Swedish SLP assessment practices, examine factors that may affect this practice, and discuss the results in the light of international studies. Methods: Data from 584 SLPs were collected through an online questionnaire with multiple choice and open-ended questions. A mixed-method design was deployed where a deductive qualitative analysis of free-text responses complemented quantitative data. Results: In line with previous results from English-speaking countries, both standardized discrete skill tests and contextualized assessments were used by the respondents but fewer used language sample analysis and dynamic assessment procedures, despite international recommendations. There were few differences based on experience, work setting, proportion of multilingual assessments and socio-economic status of the health catchment area. Main challenges reported were lack of time and difficulty prioritizing, and assessment and/or diagnosis of multilingual/L2 children, which is similar to challenges faced by SLPs in other countries. Swedish SLPs also reported lack of national clinical guidelines as a main challenge. Factors contributing to better assessments included experience, and the combination of many sources of information, including professional and interprofessional discussions. Conclusions: The accumulated evidence from this and previous studies show that to address challenges and build on strengths, changes on a systemic level are needed. This includes more time and resources for continuing education and implementation of recommended assessment methods, as well as professional and interprofessional collaborations.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Havel, Miriam, et al.
(författare)
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Eliminating paranasal sinus resonance and its effects on acoustic properties of the nasal tract
- 2016
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 41:1, s. 33-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The significance of nasal resonance and anti-resonance to voice production is a classical issue in vocal pedagogy and voice research. The complex structure of the nasal tract produces a complex frequency response. This complexity must be heavily influenced by the morphology of the paranasal cavities, but their contributions are far from being entirely understood. Detailed analyses of these cavities are difficult because of their limited accessibility. Here we test different methods aiming at documenting the acoustical properties of the paranasal tract. The first set of experiments was performed under in vivo conditions, where the middle meatus was occluded by means of targeted application of a maltodextrin mass under endoscopic control. The efficiency of this occlusion method was verified by measuring the nasal nitric oxide (NO) output during humming. In another experiment the frequency responses to sine sweep excitation of an epoxy mould of a nasal cavity were measured, with and without elimination of paranasal sinuses. The third experiment was conducted in a cadaveric situs, with and without maltodextrin occlusion of the middle meatus and the sphenoidal ostia. The results show that some nasal tract resonances were unaffected by the manipulation of the paranasal cavities. Providing access to a maxillary sinus resulted in marked dips in the response curve while access to the sphenoidal ostium caused only minor effects.
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| 31. |
- Havstam, Christina, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Speech recognition and dysarthria: a single subject study of two individuals with profound impairment of speech and motor control.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Logopedics, phoniatrics, vocology. - 1401-5439. ; 28:2, s. 81-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the use of the speech recognition system Dragon Dictate as an augmentative method of computer access for two individuals with cerebral palsy, including severe motor dysfunction and dysarthria. Single subject design was used and measures of computer access system effectiveness and speech production were used before, during and after intervention. The users' original switch access system was compared to a combination of their switch access system and speech recognition, by counting the number of correct entries. Adding speech recognition increased the number of correct entries by 40% for one of the participants. The other participant did not complete the intervention protocol. An independent judge rated speech production. No changes in speech were observed. Dragon Dictate is time-consuming to learn and demands a high level of motivation, but can be beneficial to a person who has profound dysarthria and great difficulties in accessing the computer.
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| 32. |
- Heimann, Mikael, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Facilitating language skills through interactive microcomputer instruction: Observations on seven children with autism
- 1993
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 18:1, s. 3-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigates whether children with autism would benefit from using an interactive and child initiated microcomputer program (ALPHA) when learning to read and write. Previous research has demonstrated strong effects when used with deaf or multihandicapped children. In this study, six children with autism used a Swedish version of ALPHA for a period of 3 to 4 months. In addition, one autistic child used the U.S. version when learning English as a second language. The results indicate strong gains in reading and phonological skills for four of the children. One child displayed a mixed pattern and two children failed to show any improvement. It is concluded that interactive micro-computer instruction may be of help for children with autism, but that mental age, motivation, and overall interest in communication must be considered when planning such interventions.
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| 33. |
- Helland, Wenche A, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of pragmatic language impairment in children referred to psychiatric services : A pilot study of the Children's Communication Checklist
- 2007
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 32, s. 23-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present pilot study was to explore whether pragmatic language impairments are more prevalent among children referred to child psychiatric services (n=21) than among a comparison group of typically developing children (n=29) in the age range 8-10 years. A second and minor aim was also to assess the usability of a Norwegian translation of the Children's Communication Checklist (CCC). Communication disorders defined as a pragmatic score equal to or below 140 on the CCC were identified in a majority (0.57) of the children in the clinical group; the corresponding proportion for the typically developing comparison group was only 0.10. Thus, the Norwegian version of the CCC distinguishes between children with symptoms of pragmatic language impairments and those with no symptoms, as does the English version.
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| 34. |
- Hengen, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Patient characteristics and intervention effect as measured by Voice Handicap Index
- 2017
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 42:2, s. 93-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To analyze patients with a confirmed voice disorder in order to identify patterns regarding age, gender, and occupation compared to the general public. To explore effects of voice therapy according to the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) score pre- and post-therapy in relation to the number of sessions, age, and gender. Design: Prospective cohort study. Materials and methods: This study was conducted as a collaborative project between Linkoping University and hospitals in the south-east health care region in Sweden. Six voice clinics participated by asking their patients voluntarily to complete the Swedish version of the VHI at the beginning and end of therapy. Results and conclusions: The two most prevalent diagnoses were dysphonia (43%) and phonasthenia (25%). Among the working population, the three most common occupational fields were education, health care, and child-care. The majority of the patients were women (74.3%), and the mean age of all patients was 55 years. A significant improvement in VHI scores was found after therapy, with an average decrease of 19 median points in total score and a substantial effect size (0.55). The number of sessions did not significantly correlate with the mean VHI score difference but had a weak correlation to the start and end scores. Increasing age correlated with a higher median VHI score both at the start and end of therapy but did not affect the average decrease between the two measurements.
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| 35. |
- Herbst, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of different methods to measure the EGG contact quotient
- 2006
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 31:3, s. 126-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results from six published electroglottographic (EGG-based) methods for calculating the EGG contact quotient (CQEGG) were compared to closed quotients derived from simultaneous videokymographic imaging (CQKYM). Two trained male singers phonated in falsetto and in chest register, with two degrees of adduction in both registers. The maximum difference between methods in the CQEGG was 0.3 (out of 1.0). The CQEGG was generally lower than the CQKYM. Within subjects, the CQEGG co-varied with the CQkym, but with changing offsets depending on method. The CQEGG cannot be calculated for falsetto phonation with little adduction, since there is no complete glottal closure. Basic criterion-level methods with thresholds of 0.2 or 0.25 gave the best match to the CQKYM data. The results suggest that contacting and de-contacting in the EGG might not refer to the same physical events as do the beginning and cessation of airflow.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Hertegård, Stellan, et al.
(författare)
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Elasticity measurements in scarred rabbit vocal folds using air pulse stimulation.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Logopedics, phoniatrics, vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2022 .- 1401-5439. ; 34:4, s. 190-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to compare vocal fold elasticity data from a new method for non-invasive analysis by stimulations of the mucosa with short air pulses. The depth of the mucosal deflections is measured with laser pulses by means of a special algorithm. Ten scarred New Zealand rabbit vocal folds and four normal rabbit folds were measured directly after sacrifice. The elastic data were compared to histological sections from the scarred vocal folds analysed by a pathologist. The results showed significantly lower elasticity (higher stiffness) values for the more scarred vocal folds as compared to samples with minor damage (P=0.03). It is concluded that the air pulse stimulation method is a promising tool for non-invasive quantification of vocal fold scarring.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Holmqvist-Jämsén, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Screen11: validating a screening instrument for voice disorders in accordance with the COSMIN framework
- 2024
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Although numerous patient-reported outcome measures have been developed and validated to quantify the impact of voice problems on different aspects of life, to our knowledge no screening instrument exists that specifically captures voice disorders in a retrospective fashion. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties and diagnostic validity of a retrospective voice screening method, Screen11, according to the COSMIN framework for health-related, patient-reported outcome measures. The items in Screen11 have been used to establish the prevalence of voice disorders in both general and occupation-specific populations in the Nordic countries. However, the instrument has not been validated.Methods: The voice patient group (n = 54) in this study comprised of patients from the Turku University Central Hospital phoniatric outpatient clinic seeking help for their voice problems. For these voice patients, we recruited voice-healthy controls (n = 61) who matched in terms of gender, age, and occupation. The participants responded to the Screen11 questionnaire along with the VHI and the VAPP.Results: The results of the initial exploratory factor analysis showed that all the Screen11 items loaded on a common underlying latent factor. Furthermore, Screen11 had high internal consistency (α =.93) and correlated sufficiently with other voice questionnaires.Conclusions: The results indicate that Screen11, which screens for possible voice disorders at an early stage, was successfully validated. With respect to its diagnostic validity, the Screen11 sum score is preferable. A threshold of ≥ 15 should be used for differentiating patients with possible voice disorders from those with healthy voices.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Hällström, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Narrative retells in Swedish school-aged children – a clinical pilot study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 48:1, s. 12-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimThe aim of this pilot study was to evaluate two new retelling tasks intended for clinical use in terms of language sample size, effects of picture support, and order of presentation.MethodsForty Swedish-speaking children in grades 4–6 participated in the study, 31 children with typical language development (TLD, mean age 11;1), and nine children with developmental language disorder (DLD, mean age 11;5). Two oral retells, one with and one without picture support, were analyzed with regards to productivity, syntactic complexity, basic Story Grammar (SG) units, and Internal Responses (IR).ResultsResults showed no systematic order effects in the TLD group, although this needs to be investigated further, and good inter-rater reliability. Both tasks elicited sufficiently large language samples, except from one participant with DLD whose samples were excluded from subsequent comparisons. When appropriate, data were analyzed with ANOVA (productivity, mean length of C-unit/MLCU), otherwise t-tests (TLD-group) or non-parametric tests (DLD-group) were used. As expected, retells from participants with DLD were shorter, with shorter MLCU and fewer SG units compared to the TLD group. There were also task effects: in the task with picture support, all participants had longer MLCU, and participants with TLD also showed a higher proportion of subordinate clauses, indicating that pictures may function as a support for syntactic complexity. The task without picture support, on the other hand, elicited more C-units indicated by a significant main effect, and more SG units, which was a significant effect in the TLD group.ConclusionsWe conclude that both tasks might be useful for Swedish speech-language pathologists.
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| 44. |
- Ibertsson, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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A methodological contribution to the assessment of nonword repetition-a comparison between children with specific language impairment and hearing-impaired children with hearing aids or cochlear implants.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 33, s. 168-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Poor nonword repetition is considered as a clinical marker of specific language impairment (SLI). In children with expressive language problems, the analysis and scoring procedures are often insufficiently described. We argue for a combined analysis of segmental and suprasegmental accuracy in nonword repetition tasks as well as an appreciation of gender differences. The view is taken based on empirical findings in a comparison between children with specific language impairment, children with mild/moderate hearing impairment and hearing aids (HI), and children with severe to profound hearing impairment with cochlear implants (CI). With age and gender taken into consideration, the main effects of both group and syllable level on a combined measure of segmental and suprasegmental accuracy remained. Although not necessarily an index of limited working memory capacity, persistently poor imitation of nonwords might be an indication of language impairment in children with mild/moderate HI and in children with CI.
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| 45. |
- Johannisson, Tove B, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing intelligibility by single words, sentences and spontaneous speech: a methodological study of the speech production of 10-year-olds.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Logopedics, phoniatrics, vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2022 .- 1401-5439. ; 39:4, s. 159-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of different assessment methods on intelligibility scores and to examine the validity and reliability of those methods. Four assessment methods were used: multiple-choice and transcription of single words (read out), transcription of sentences (read out), and spontaneous speech. The results showed a statistically significant difference between outcomes for the different assessment methods. Reliability was high for all methods. Validity was low for all three reading-based methods. The method using transcription of spontaneous speech had low validity for the population included. It was concluded that reading is not a suitable elicitation technique for 10-year-olds and that the assessment procedure used for spontaneous speech needs to be further developed and investigated.
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| 46. |
- Kalnak, Nelli, et al.
(författare)
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Description and prediction of reading decoding skills in Swedish children with Developmental Language Disorder
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:2, s. 84-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Research is lacking in terms of reading decoding skills among clinical samples of Swedish-speaking children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). Method: The present cross-sectional study included a sample of 61 children (8-12 years) with DLD attending school language units, years 1 to 5. Our purpose was to study reading decoding skills and predictors for decoding, such as a phonological processing skill (nonword repetition), working memory, and a family history of literacy problems. Results: The results on a combined measure of the word and nonword decoding indicated that only 18% of the children had age-adequate decoding skills. The proportion of age-adequate decoders did not change noticeably with the school year. The participants’ decoding skills showed larger deviations to test norm means with higher school years. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the best predictors of decoding skills were measures of working memory and nonword repetition, followed by school year. These factors significantly contributed to the variance in decoding among our sample of children with DLD. A family history of literacy problems made no contribution to the variance. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the necessity of assessing and following up on literacy development in children with DLD.
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| 47. |
- Kalnak, Nelli, et al.
(författare)
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Past-tense inflection of non-verbs : a potential clinical marker of developmental language disorder in Swedish children
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 47:1, s. 10-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: In this paper, we explore the performance of past-tense inflection of non-verbs (NVI) in children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and in typically developing controls, to investigate its accuracy as a clinical marker for Swedish-speaking children with DLD. Further, we investigate the relationship between NVI, nonword-repetition, and family history. Methods: The sample consists of 36 children with DLD (mean age 9;5 years) and 60 controls (mean age 9;2 years). Results: The DLD group performed significantly lower than the controls on the NVI task, with a large effect size of the difference (d = 1.52). Analysis of the clinical accuracy of NVI resulted in 80.6% sensitivity and 76.6% specificity. NVI was significantly and moderately associated with nonword-repetition in the controls, but not in the DLD group. A positive family history, 80.6% in the DLD group and 6.9% in the controls, was associated with lower performance on NVI. When controlling for group (DLD and controls), a non-significant association between family history and performance on the NVI task was found. Conclusions: NVI is a potential clinical marker of DLD in Swedish school-aged children, but the current NVI task does not reach the level of being acceptable. Further development of the NVI task is warranted to improve its accuracy.
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| 48. |
- Karjalainen, Suvi, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation and evaluation of a teacher intervention program on classroom communication
- 2020
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 45:3, s. 110-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Media frequently report on overall work-place challenges in Swedish schools, including teachers’ working conditions, their well-being, and students’ declining results. Language is the key to success in every school subject. Therefore, optimal language learning environments are important. Poor sound environments affect teachers’ vocal health, their general well-being, and students’ performance. To provide better conditions for teachers and students, it is necessary to combine optimized room acoustics with other preventive measures such as vocal training and evidence-based tools to improve classroom communication. Teachers play a key role in the classroom and need knowledge and skills in communicative strategies to ensure first-class communication. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of an intervention program for primary-school teachers comprising strategies for enhanced language learning and interactions in the classroom, with focus on teachers’ verbal and body communication (voice, gaze, and gesture).Methods: Teachers (n = 25) from seven schools teaching in school year 3–6 participated. Assessments were made pre/post intervention and at 5-weeks and 3-months follow-up. The assessments included teachers’ self-assessments (questionnaires) of vocal health, self-efficacy, stress, burnout, and psychosocial work-environment.Results: The main results were significant decrease in voice problems at the 3-months follow-up and significant decrease of both stress and degree of burnout at 5-weeks follow-up. Self-efficacy score had increased significantly at 5-week follow-up.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the intervention program improves teachers’ self-reported vocal health, decreases their perception of stress, and degree of burnout whilst increasing their sense of self-efficacy in classroom management.
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| 49. |
- Karjalainen, Suvi, et al.
(författare)
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Teachers’ descriptions of classroom communication after an SLP-led in-service training
- 2022
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore teachers’ experience and understanding of classroom communication after participating in a speech-language pathologist (SLP) led in-service training on classroom communication.Method: This qualitative study used a focus group approach to explore how teachers describe their classroom communication. Twenty primary-school teachers participated. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the teachers’ responses about their classroom communication practices 6 months after in-service training.Results: Three core themes on teachers’ understanding of their communication in the classroom were identified in the analysis: (1) awareness of voice use; (2) the use of body communication; (3) setting the stage for learning. The teachers gave many examples of voice use reflecting an increased awareness of audibility and vocal health. They reported on moving around more and using more body communication to enhance their message. Further, they expressed an increased awareness about how body posture affects voice and communication. The third theme reflects how the teachers “sets the stage for learning” i.e. how they use the prerequisites in the physical environment for successful classroom communication, including the classroom’s sound environment as well as seating and furniture.Conclusions: The findings in this study indicate that teachers increased their awareness, implemented new practices in their classroom communication and reflected on prerequisites for classroom communication as a result of the in-service training. Teachers’ classroom communication developed when provided practical training and strategies to increase their awareness on communication. We conclude that this type of SLP-led training can be recommended as in-service training.
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| 50. |
- Karlsson, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of voice rehabilitation after radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer: a longitudinal study.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Logopedics, phoniatrics, vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2022 .- 1401-5439. ; 42:4, s. 167-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study aimed to investigate the effects of voice rehabilitation on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and voice function in patients treated for laryngeal cancer six months post-rehabilitation completion. A secondary aim was to identify factors that predict significant communication improvement.Longitudinal follow-up of randomised controlled trial.In total, 33 patients received voice rehabilitation post-radiotherapy and 32 patients constituted the control group. Outcome measures included patient-reported HRQL, communication and voice function (acoustic measures and perceptual analysis). Outcome measures were analysed one (baseline), six and 12 months post-radiotherapy, where voice rehabilitation was conducted between the first two time-points.Patients improved after voice rehabilitation with regard to communication function and HRQL and remained unchanged after 12 months post-radiotherapy. A significant roughness deterioration in the control group occurred between six and 12 months post-radiotherapy, yet remained unchanged in the intervention group. A factors increasing odds of significant communication improvement 12 months post-radiotherapy was voice rehabilitation. Smoking affected communication negatively.Voice rehabilitation appears to have positive effect on voice function and HRQL, which persist up to 12 months of follow-up and appears to prevent deterioration of perceived roughness. Patients who experience voice and communication problems at baseline are most likely to benefit from voice rehabilitation.
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