| 1. |
- Abrouk, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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The in silico identification and characterization of a bread wheat/Triticum militinae introgression line : Characterization of alien introgression in wheat
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Plant Biotechnology Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1467-7644 .- 1467-7652. ; 15:2, s. 249-256
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The capacity of the bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome to tolerate introgression from related genomes can be exploited for wheat improvement. A resistance to powdery mildew expressed by a derivative of the cross bread wheat cv. Tähti ⨯ T. militinae (Tm) is known to be due to the incorporation of a Tm segment into the long arm of chromosome 4A. Here, a newly developed in silico method termed RICh (rearrangement identification and characterization) has been applied to characterize the introgression. A virtual gene order, assembled using the GenomeZipper approach, was obtained for the native copy of chromosome 4A; it incorporated 570 4A DArTseq markers to produce a zipper comprising 2,132 loci. A comparison between the native and introgressed forms of the 4AL chromosome arm showed that the introgressed region is located at the distal part of the arm. The Tm segment, derived from chromosome 7G, harbors 131 homoeologs out of the 357 genes present on the corresponding region of Chinese Spring 4AL. The estimated number of Tm genes transferred along with the disease resistance gene was 169. Characterizing the introgression's position, gene content and internal gene order should facilitate not only gene isolation, but may also be informative with respect to chromatin structure and behavior studies.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Andreas, 1981-
(författare)
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Air-sea exchange of O2 and CO2 : Processes controlling the transfer efficiency
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- World oceans cover more than 70% of the earth surface and constitutes a major sink of atmospheric CO2. Two of the most important gases in the marine carbon cycling are O2 and CO2 and hence accurate descriptions of the air-sea gas exchange of these gases are crucial. Still there is a lack of knowledge of the relative importance of processes controlling the efficiency of the air-sea gas transfer. This is especially true for Arctic and high latitude seas were studies on air-sea gas exchange are few. By studying processes causing water-side turbulence, using gases of different solubility and various measurement techniques, more knowledge on the governing processes can be obtained.Here we present the very first air-sea fluxes of O2 using atmospheric eddy covariance measurements and investigate the dependence between the gas transfer velocity of O2 and turbulence generated by the mean wind. The instrument was found to suffer from the limited precision and time response, causing significant corrections on the O2 flux. After correcting for this, the O2 fluxes displays an anti-correlation with the air-sea fluxes of CO2 in agreement with the measured air-sea gradient of O2. The transfer velocities for O2 indicates a stronger wind dependence than other commonly used parameterizations of the transfer velocity for CO2 and O2, this especially for wind speeds > 5 m s-1 where the typical onset of wave breaking occur.During two winter months eddy covariance measurements were taken over a high Arctic fjord. The data revealed a significant enhancement of the gas transfer velocity for CO2 from water-side convection, generated by cooling of surface waters. The dependence between water-side convection and gas transfer velocity were found for winds as high as 9 m s-1, but were strongest for wind speeds< 7 m s-1. The data also showed on enhanced air-sea gas transfer of CO2 when conditions were unstable very close to neutral. This enhanced transfer were associated to increased contribution to the CO2 flux from downdraft of air with higher concentrations of CO2. The combined effect of water-side convection and turbulence generated by wind results in a very effective transfer, thus the air-sea gas exchange at these latitudes may be significantly underestimated.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Balke, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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A new genus and two new species of Southeast Asian Bidessini as well as new synonyms for Oceanian species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)
- 2017
-
Ingår i: ZooKeys. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 1313-2989 .- 1313-2970. ; 647, s. 137-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rompindessus jenisi Balke, Bergsten & Hendrich, gen. n. et sp. n. is described from near Rompin village in West Malaysia. The new genus is characterized by the presence of an occipital line and basal pronotal striae, the presence of a thick anterior bead on clypeus and two-segmented parameres as well as by the absence of basal elytral striae, the absence of sutural line on elytron, the absence of basal epipleural transverse carina, and the absence of longitudinal elytral carina. Moreover, male pro- and mesotarsus appear stout, and distinctly dilated laterally; the pronotum is comparably long and parallel-sided and the colour of beetle conspicuous dark orange. Leiodytes kualalipis Balke, Wang, Bergsten & Hendrich, sp. n. is described from West Malaysia (Pahang) and South Vietnam (Cat Tien). It is well characterized by its large size, elongate body and the form of the median lobe. Limbodessus fijiensis (J. Balfour-Browne, 1944), comb. n. described from Fiji is a new synonym of Limbodessus curviplicatus (Zimmermann, 1927) described from Samoa.
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| 5. |
- Balleer, Almut, et al.
(författare)
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Labour Force Participation in the Euro Area : A Cohort Based Analysis
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We use a cohort based model to analyse determinants of labour force participation for disaggregated groups of workers in the euro area and the five largest euro area countries. The model captures age and cohort effects as indicators of (unobserved) determinatns of participation behaviour. We use these effects and observed determinants to construct trends and projections of labour supply. Our results suggest that age and cohort effects can account for a substantial part of the recent increase in participation. Cohort effects are particularly relevant for women with those born in the late 1960s and early 1970s more likely to participate over the life-cycle. There is substantial variation in the estimated age and cohort effects across countries. Looking forward, positive cohort effects for women are not large enough to compensate for the downward impact of population ageing on participation rates in the euro area.
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| 6. |
- Bergström, Göran, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanisms underlying the antihypertensive functions of the renal medulla
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Physiol Scand. - 0001-6772. ; 181:4, s. 475-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is good evidence that the renal medulla plays a pivotal role in long-term regulation of blood pressure. 'Renal medullary' blood pressure regulating systems have been postulated to involve both exocrine (pressure natriuresis/diuresis) and endocrine [renal medullary depressor hormone (RMDH)] functions. However, recent studies indicate that pressure diuresis/natriuresis dominates the antihypertensive renal response to increased renal perfusion pressure, suggesting little physiological role for a putative RMDH in compensatory responses to acutely increased blood pressure. The medullary circulation appears to play a key role in mediating pressure diuresis, although the precise mechanisms involved remain controversial. Counter-regulatory vasodilator mechanisms (e.g. nitric oxide), at least partly mediated through cross-talk between the vasculature and the tubular epithelium, protect the medullary circulation from the vasoconstrictor effects of hormonal factors such as angiotensin II. These mechanisms also appear to contribute to compensatory responses to increased salt intake in salt-resistant individuals. Failure of these mechanisms predisposes the organism towards the development of hypertension, appears to underlie the development of some forms of experimental hypertension, and may even contribute to the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Byerley, Andrew, 1965-
(författare)
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Drawing white elephants in Africa? Re-contextualizing Ernst May’s Kampala plans in relation to the fraught political realities of late-colonial rule
- 2019
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Ingår i: Planning Perspectives. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0266-5433 .- 1466-4518. ; 34:4, s. 643-666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1945/1946, the Colonial Administration in Uganda commissioned Ernst May – planner of Das Neue Frankfurt (1926–1930) – to design the Kampala Extension Scheme and the smaller Wandegeya Development Scheme. The past decade has seen increasing scholarly interest in the neglected ‘African’ episode of Mays planning oeuvre, but this literature has not explicitly examined how May’s planning articulated with the fraught political realities of late-colonial rule. Utilizing previously undocumented archive material and a theoretical frame informed by governmentality studies, this paper examines these articulations, particularly those relating to tensions and contradictions in Colonial government arising from the would-be turning-point from indirect rule to a bio-political rationality of development and welfare. It is shown that while May’s submitted plans spoke directly to the tropes of urban improvement, African detribalization and labour stabilization, which informed the ‘turning point’ in colonial policy, May’s elaborate socio-spatial interventions and the style in which these enunciated racial difference proved unpalatable to a colonial administration stifled by the rationality of the economic domain of government, by constraints on how difference could be enunciated and by African urban politics.
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| 9. |
- Byukusenge, Béatrice, 1984-
(författare)
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Residual Analysis in the GMANOVA-MANOVA Model
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on the establishment and analysis of residuals in the so called GMANOVA-MANOVA model. The model is a special case of the Extended Growth Curve Model. It has two terms where one term models the profiles (growth curves) and the other the covariables of interest. This model is useful in studying growth curves in short time series in fields such as economics, biology, medicine, and epidemiology. Furthermore, in the literature, residuals have been extensively studied and used to check model adequacy in univariate linear models. This thesis contributes to the extension of the study of residuals in the GMANOVA-MANOVA model. In this thesis, a new pair of residuals is established via the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters in the model. One residual indicates whether an individual is far away from the group means and a second residual is used to check assumptions about the mean structure. Different properties of these residuals are verified and their interpretation is discussed. Moreover, using parametric bootstrap, the empirical distributions of the extreme elements in the residuals are derived. Finally, testing bilinear restriction in the MANOVA model is considered. One can show that the MANOVA model with bilinear restrictions is nothing more than a GMANOVA-MANOVA model. Furthermore, the likelihood ratio test can be shown to be given as a function of the residuals to the GMANOVA-MANOVA model, which can be used to understand the appropriateness of the model and test the bilinear hypothesis.
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| 10. |
- Dalnäs, Ulf, 1964
(författare)
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from Placemaking to the New European Bauhaus: what's the future of our Public Spaces? : Prototyp Göteborg
- 2023
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Ingår i: ERRIN European Regions Research and Innovation Network. - Bryssel : ERRIN European Regions Research and Innovation Network.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- en presentation från EUs Design Day 2023 "from Placemaking to the New European Bauhaus: what's the future of our Public Spaces?" Presentationen gjordes tillsammans med Björn Siesjö, stadsarkitekt I Göteborg och visade resultatet av ett långt samverkansprojekt mellan staden och konstnärliga fakulteten.
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| 11. |
- Dekker, Sidney
(författare)
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Criminalization of medical error: Who draws the line?
- 2007
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Ingår i: ANZ Journal of Surgery. - : Wiley. - 1445-2197 .- 1445-1433. ; 77:10, s. 831-837
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As stakeholders struggle to reconcile calls for accountability and pressures for increased patient safety, criminal prosecution of surgeons and other health-care workers for medical error seems to be on the rise. This paper examines whether legal systems can meaningfully draw a line between acceptable performance and negligence. By questioning essentialist assumptions behind 'crime' or 'negligence', this paper suggests that multiple overlapping and partially contradictory descriptions of the same act are always possible, and even necessary, to approximate the complexity of reality. Although none of these descriptions is inherently right or wrong, each description of the act (as negligence, or system failure, or pedagogical issue) has a fixed repertoire of responses and countermeasures appended to it, which enables certain courses of action while excluding others. Simply holding practitioners accountable (e.g. by putting them on trial) excludes any beneficial effects as it produces defensive posturing, obfuscation and excessive stress and leads to defensive medicine, silent reporting systems and interference with professional oversight. Calls for accountability are important, but accountability should be seen as bringing information about needed improvements to levels or groups that can do something about it, rather than deflecting resources into legal protection and limiting liability. We must avoid a future in which we have to turn increasingly to legal systems to wring accountability out of practitioners because legal systems themselves have increasingly created a climate in which telling each other accounts openly is less and less possible.
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| 12. |
- El-Sadek, M.H., et al.
(författare)
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Non-isothermal carbothermic reduction kinetics of mechanically activated ilmenite containing self-reducing mixtures
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry (Print). - : Springer. - 1388-6150 .- 1588-2926. ; 131:3, s. 2457-2465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermic reduction kinetics and mechanism of ilmenite concentrate containing self-reducing mixture has been investigated using a combination of thermogravimetry and X-ray diffraction. Thermogravimetric comparative study of mechanically activated and non-activated ilmenite concentrate containing self-reducing mixtures with C/O molar ratio of 1.5 was conducted non-isothermally. The samples were heated up to 1573 K at three different heating rates (10, 15, and 20 K min−1) under controlled atmosphere. The reduction mechanism of mechanically activated mixture was followed by X-ray diffraction analysis of arrested samples at different reduction extents. In addition, reaction kinetics was further investigated and corresponding kinetic parameters were estimated using isoconversional (model-free) and model-fitting (Coats–Redfern) methods.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Giesecke, Oskar, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability study of two offshore wind farm topologies : Radial and ring connection
- 2016
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS 15<sup>th</sup> Wind Integration Workshop. - Darmstadt : Energynautics GmbH. - 9783981654943
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reliable electrical infrastructure in offshore wind farms (OWF) is a key to maintenance cost minimization. Due to the difficult environment and distance to shore reliability is crucial for the feasibility of the OWF. In this study, two different topologies of OWF designs were investigated and compared. An algorithm was established to estimate reliability and economic profit of the two systems. The two topologies under investigation were the radial and ring system configuration. A radial system has in general less components, but the ring configuration provides redundancy. For the particular case studied, with its assumptions, a threshold of 18 turbines was identified. From this level and above the ring configuration is beneficial.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Gowtham, Yogender Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Novel two-stage fermentation process for bioethanol production using Saccharomyces pastorianus
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Biotechnology progress (Print). - : Wiley. - 8756-7938 .- 1520-6033. ; 30:2, s. 300-310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bioethanol produced from lignocellulosic materials has the potential to be economically feasible, if both glucose and xylose released from cellulose and hemicellulose can be efficiently converted to ethanol. Saccharomyces spp. can efficiently convert glucose to ethanol; however, xylose conversion to ethanol is a major hurdle due to lack of xylose-metabolizing pathways. In this study, a novel two-stage fermentation process was investigated to improve bioethanol productivity. In this process, xylose is converted into biomass via non-Saccharomyces microorganism and coupled to a glucose-utilizing Saccharomyces fermentation. Escherichia coli was determined to efficiently convert xylose to biomass, which was then killed to produce E. coli extract. Since earlier studies with Saccharomyces pastorianus demonstrated that xylose isomerase increased ethanol productivities on pure sugars, the addition of both E. coli extract and xylose isomerase to S. pastorianus fermentations on pure sugars and corn stover hydrolysates were investigated. It was determined that the xylose isomerase addition increased ethanol productivities on pure sugars but was not as effective alone on the corn stover hydrolysates. It was observed that the E. coli extract addition increased ethanol productivities on both corn stover hydrolysates and pure sugars. The ethanol productivities observed on the corn stover hydrolysates with the E. coli extract addition was the same as observed on pure sugars with both E. coli extract and xylose isomerase additions. These results indicate that the two-stage fermentation process has the capability to be a competitive alternative to recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based fermentations.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Hettne, Jörgen
(författare)
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Public Services and State Aid – is a Decentralisation of State Aid Policy Necessary?
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The impact of European Union law on the regional and local levels in the Member States has been underestimated for a long time now. Today, however, it is clear that the impact of European Union law on these levels is important, not least as a consequence of the deregulation that has been carried out in most Member States in recent years. As local markets open up for competition, the scope of EU law is extended. Competition and state aid rules, for instance, become applicable. Naturally, EU law allows for considerations to be taken other than those of free competition, but the Member States must avail themselves of the possibilities that exist. One precondition is that they in such a situation use the tools provided by European Union law in order to correct markets that do not function satisfactorily. This is primarily a matter of classifying certain services as “services of general economic interest” and of respecting the EU law requirements connected with the provision of such services. The relevant part of EU law is, however, complex and constantly evolving. This analysis aims to comment on the current state of EU law and the Commission’s proposed revision of the EU state aid rules with regard to services of general economic interest. The author is of the opinion that a decentralisation of state aid policy should be considered in order to ensure a correct and rational application of the state aid rules as regards the financing of services of general economic interest.
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| 21. |
- Hillbom, Ellen, et al.
(författare)
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Changing income inequality and structural transformation: The case of Botswana 1921-2010
- 2015
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sub-Saharan Africa we find some of the highest levels of income inequality in the world. Nevertheless, we generally know very little about the historical development of inequality. In this paper we look at how inequality developed in colonial and post-colonial Botswana. We show that income inequality started rising in the 1940s and peaked in the mid-1970s about the time that the economy switched from cattle to diamonds. Since the 1990s, it has then declined somewhat. Following the tradition of Kuznets we discuss how this rise and decline could be related to a potential structural transformation of the economy.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Ivarsson, Maria, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Look Ahead Control - Consequences of a Non-Linear Fuel Map on Truck Fuel Consumption
- 2008
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Ingår i: The 17th IFAC World Congress.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Consequences of non-linearities in specific fuel consumption, sfc, of a heavy truck combustion engine are studied with focus on so small road gradients that constant speed is optimal if the engine torque has an affine relation to fueling. A quasi-static analysis gives valuable insights into the intrinsic properties of minimization of fuel consumption. Two objective functions are shown to give different optimal velocity trajectories on a constant road gradient, when the non-linearity in sfc is significant, a notation which is quantified. For a significant non-linearity, when a constraint is set to keep a final time, switching between two characteristic speeds is optimal. Alternatively, if consumed time, in addition to fuel consumption, is part of the objective function, then keeping to one constant speed is optimal also for significant non-linearities. However, the different optimal solutions still show similarities, since for a certain significant non-linearity a specific speed range determined by the characteristic velocities is shown to be unobtainable for both optimality criteria. Similar results are obtained for a full dynamic model including a realistic fuel map and other realistic constraints.
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| 24. |
- Janssen, G.J.M., et al.
(författare)
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Performance of a multiuser detector for M-PSK signals based on successive cancellation
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Conference on Communications (ICC2001). ; , s. 31-35
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A narrowband multiuser receiver based on successive signal detection and subtraction is proposed. The symbol error probability (SEP) for M-PSK modulated signals is evaluated and analytical approximations for the SEP of the individual signals are presented and compared to results obtained from simulations. The effect of inaccurately estimated signal parameters due to noise is analyzed. The SEP results are presented for synchronous signals for the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. For geometrically related amplitudes the minimum required amplitude ratio is shown to be dependent on the modulation level M and the number of cochannel signals
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| 25. |
- Kekezi, Orsa
(författare)
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Labor mobility across jobs and space
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of one introductory chapter and four independent papers. Each paper looks at different aspects of labor mobility, especially focusing on the transferability of specific human capital and the role of space for job matching.The focus of the first paper is to examine how diversity of previous work experience of employees in creative industries matters for labor productivity. I further distinguish between related vs. unrelated occupation and industry experience to better understand how they matter for knowledge flows within a firm. The results show that diversity, and especially relatedness of previous occupational experience, are positively related to labor productivity.In the second paper, I study how co-location of knowledge-intensive business services influences the innovative capacity of the sector. The results suggest that co-location facilitates labor mobility and thereby knowledge flows as well as innovation capacity across firms.In the third and fourth papers, the focus shifts from the firm to the individual. The third paper examines how regional characteristics, especially Marshallian labor market pooling, influence the type of employment obtained after job displacement. The results show that regional industrial and occupational structures are crucial for facilitating job matches and occupational upgrades of individuals. The fourth paper examines whether there are wage returns to migration after job displacement, after the job match is considered. The results indicate that returns to migration are positive only when combined with a re-employment that matches the skills of the worker.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Kronbichler, A, et al.
(författare)
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Rituximab in adult minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nephron. Clinical practice. - : S. Karger AG. - 1660-2110. ; 128:3-4, s. 277-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment of nephrotic syndrome due to minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis remains a challenge since steroid dependence, steroid resistance and a relapsing disease course exhibits a high cumulative steroid dosage. The necessity of using alternative steroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents with potential toxic side effects also restricts their long-term use. Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CD20, has been increasingly used in the therapy of difficult-to-treat nephrotic syndrome. A clinical response has been shown for patients with steroid-dependent or frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome, whereas the benefit seems to be limited in steroid-resistant patients, especially those with underlying focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. No potentially life-threatening adverse events have been observed in the treatment of adult minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis following rituximab administration. Since most reports are retrospective and evidence of efficacy is derived from small case series, more prospective trials in a controlled, randomized manner are highly desirable to delineate the use of rituximab or other B cell-depleting agents in steroid-dependent, frequently relapsing or steroid-resistant patients.
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| 28. |
- Larsson, Per A., 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Oxygen and water vapour barrier films with low moisture sensitivity fabricated from self-crosslinking fibrillated cellulose
- 2013
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Ingår i: Advances in pulp and paper research, Cambridge 2013. - Lancashire, UK : Bury, Lancashire : The Pulp Fundamental Research Society. - 9780992616304 ; , s. 851-866
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To replace petroleum-based barriers used in, for example, packaging applications with a bio-based alternative, the sensitivity to moisture must be lowered. The present work describes the fabrication and characterisation of cellulose-based films with remarkably improved oxygen and water-vapour-barrier properties at 80% relative humidity. This was achieved by fabricating films of self-cross-linking fibrillated cellulose after partial periodate oxidation to dialdehyde cellulose. At a relative humidity of 80%, films made of 27% and 44% oxidised cellulose, respectively, showed less than half the permeability of the untreated reference; 3.8 g·mm/(m2·24 h·kPa) and 3.7 g·mm/(m2·24 h·kPa) compared to 8.0 g·mm/(m2·24 h·kPa). This was presumably due to a lower moisture uptake in the films, and consequently less swelling. In the absence of moisture, films from both unmodified and modified fibrillated cellulose were ideal oxygen barriers, but at a relative humidity of 80%, films based on 27% and 44% converted cellulose had an oxygen permeability of 2.2 ml·µm/(m2·24 h·kPa) and 1.8 ml·µm/(m2·24 h·kPa), respectively, compared to 9.2 ml·µm/(m2·24 h·kPa) for the non-oxidised material.The cross-linking resulted in an embrittlement of the films, but the 27% oxidised material still had a tensile strength of 148 MPa and a tensile strain at break of 2.0%, which is sufficient in, for example, many packaging applications.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Marseglia, Stefano, 1989-
(författare)
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Isomorphism classes of abelian varieties over finite fields
- 2016
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Deligne and Howe described polarized abelian varieties over finite fields in terms of finitely generated free Z-modules satisfying a list of easy to state axioms. In this thesis we address the problem of developing an effective algorithm to compute isomorphism classes of (principally) polarized abelian varieties over a finite field, together with their automorphism groups. Performing such computations requires the knowledge of the ideal classes (both invertible and non-invertible) of certain orders in number fields. Hence we describe a method to compute the ideal class monoid of an order and we produce concrete computations in dimension 2, 3 and 4.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Molander, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Judging and regulating force in sports : the psychophysical scale as a tool for putting shots
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Sport Psychology in Action. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2152-0704 .- 2152-0712. ; 6, s. 154-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many sports it is highly important to attain skills to judge and regulate the perceived force needed for the execution of motor actions. In the present paper it is emphasized that, while more research on these issues is sorely needed, there are psychophysical methods available to handle force. The putting shot in golf is used as an example, and it is shown how one of the psychophysical scales, the Borg CR100 scale®, functions in laboratory as well as field conditions. Detailed recommendations to players, instructors, and sport psychology practitioners are given for how to use the Borg scale in practice and in games, and it is concluded that such a scale is likely to be useful in many other sports as well.
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| 34. |
- Nilsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Honey bee pathogens and parasites in Swedish apiaries: a baseline study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Apicultural Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0021-8839 .- 2078-6913. ; 60, s. 697-706
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This nation-wide survey including 382 Swedish apiaries is the first to document base-line information of the prevalence and distribution of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, the mite-associated viruses Deformed wing virus and Acute bee paralysis virus, and the bacterial honey bee pathogens Paenibacillus larvae and Melissococcus plutonius in the country. Varroa and associated viruses were not detected in the northern regions of the country. The bacterium P. larvae was detected in 6% of the investigated apiaries and it was absent in more than half of the counties, M. plutonius was detected in two apiaries in one county. Other results from our study include questionnaire responses, in which beekeepers reported total winter colony losses of 6.4%. Fifty-three percent of the beekeepers reported to have purchased queens the year preceding this study, and 40.1% moved colonies to the apiary. Queens were imported from European countries and the USA. The movements of bees were one of the factors strongly associated with the prevalence of the disease-causing organisms surveyed and colony losses. The majority of the participating beekeepers were not aware of any disease related signs in their apiaries despite positive laboratory findings. This highlights the importance of further outreach efforts to increase the beekeepers' awareness of diseases and disease management. The results provide a disease baseline for improvements of the surveillance system.
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| 35. |
- Nydahl, Erik, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Den nya statens ansikten
- 2016
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Ingår i: Den nya staten. - Lund : Nordic Academic Press. - 9789188168641 ; , s. 9-23
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Olsson, Mattias, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Sorption of Pu(III-IV) onto TiO2: A Preliminary Study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings. - 155899694X ; 757, s. 517-522
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A preliminary study of the sorption of reduced plutonium (III-IV) onto TiO2 has been done under anoxic conditions at varying pH and ionic strength. The first approach was to study tetravalent Pu, but the sorption decreases with time in this case. This is probably due to disproportionation of Pu(IV) at the TiO2 surface, which then acts as a catalyst. A further observation that supports this explanation is that the sorption of Pu(IV) onto the walls of the experimental equipment is in some cases higher than the sorption of (disproportioned) Pu onto the oxide.Pu(III) sorption onto the oxide was also investigated and showed similarities with the previously investigated sorption of Pm(III) in a similar system.
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| 38. |
- Pantzar-Castilla, Evelina, 1984-
(författare)
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Knee flexion contracture and flexed knee gait in children with cerebral palsy
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cerebral palsy (CP) is considered the most common cause of physical disability in childhood. Most children will walk, but gait often deteriorates with growth and development. Walking with excessive knee flexion is commonly described, one cause being knee flexion contracture (KFC), which can progress to the extent that it restricts the child’s walking ability. The aim of this thesis work was to validate two-dimensional markerless (2D ML) gait analysis in assessing knee flexion angles during gait in children with CP. Also including analyzing if and to what extent KFC impacted the result of orthopedic surgery and studying the prevalence of KFC and its association with common physical functional measures. Another aim was to explorethe feasibility of the 2D ML assessment. Children with CP, gross motor function classification scale (GMFCS) level I, II, III (Studies I, II and IV), IV and V (Study III) were included. 2D ML, using a single video camera with computer processing (I, IV), and 3-dimensional gait analysis (3D GA) (I, II) were used. Pre- and postoperative physical examination and gait analysis data were analyzed retrospectivelyand compared between two surgically matched groups based on theseverity of preoperative KFC (II). KFC, functional mobility scale(FMS), standing and transfer ability were assessed and their associations explored (III). The 2D ML method was used, to explore its usefulness in analyzing children with CP in different regions in Sweden (IV). The 2D ML method was found to overestimate the knee kinematics by between +3.3 and +7.0 degrees. The within-method reliability for both 2D ML and 3D GA showed mostly good to excellent results (I). In Study II, both group 1 with no/mild KFC and group 2 with moderate KFC showed significant improvements for all variables studied, except KFC, gait speed and gross motor function assessment in group 1. The prevalence of KFC was 27%, and increased KFC was associated with higher age and GMFCS level (III). A strong association was found between KFC and decreased physical function with lower FMS level and decreased standing and transfer ability(III). In Study IV, assessment of gait speed, step length and knee kinematics could be performed in a practical and reliable way and common mild to severe gait deviations could be identified.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Rosendahl, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Systemic IGF-I administration stimulates the in vivo growth of early, but not advanced, renal cell carcinoma.
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 123, s. 1286-1291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a potent mitogen and antiapoptotic factor. Although elevated serum IGF-I levels have been associated with increased cancer risk, it is not yet clear whether IGF-I sensitivity is sustained throughout tumor progression. To evaluate the biological effects of IGF-I during renal cell carcinoma (RCC) establishment and progression, we administered recombinant human IGF-I to severe combined immuno-deficient mice bearing early or more established Caki-2 human RCC tumors. IGF-I significantly enhanced the tumor growth 2.4-fold when administered early after tumor inoculation. This IGF-I-induced growth was accompanied with enhanced tumor cell proliferation, tumor vascularization, as well as increased intratumoral insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) and pSmad2 levels. In contrast, IGF-I administrated to more established RCC tumors showed no effect on tumor growth, with subsequently much lower Ki-67, IGFBP-3 and pSmad2 levels. Taken together, these data suggest that systemic IGF-I has potent actions during early RCC tumor development with a sustained long-term effect on proliferation and neovascularization although with progression, later tumors appear to become desensitized to systemic IGF-I effects. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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| 41. |
- Rosero, Pedro
(författare)
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Conservation biological control in agricultural landscapes at the interface between ecology and evolution : The importance of land-use-mediated bottom-up ecological effects and eco-evolutionary dynamics
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Conservation biological control in agricultural landscapes aims to promote natural enemy populations to mitigate short and long-term pest damage on crops. However, natural enemy populations in agricultural landscapes typically rely on crop pests and non-pest prey populations resulting in complex trait- dependent ecological interactions. Such communities, of pests, non-pest prey, and natural enemies are affected by landscape heterogeneity depending on the dispersal capacity of the interacting organisms. For instance, changes in land use resulting in changes in the landscape-scale plant composition can result in bottom-up effects on herbivore communities and subsequently natural enemies affecting their ability to provide biological control. Such ecological time scale expectations do, however, not account for the possibility of adaptive niche shifts in both prey and natural enemies, making long-term predictions of biological control challenging. In this thesis, I acknowledge that natural enemies and their herbivore prey can adapt their niches in response to changes in land use. I analyse trait- and niche-based eco- evolutionary landscape models of land-use-mediated adaptive niche responses of interacting natural enemies and prey. I induce modifications in landscape heterogeneity through land-use change and (1) assess how biological control efficiency is affected for natural enemies with different dispersal capacities; (2) assess the effect of herbivore evolution on ecological interactions and, thus, biological control efficiency at ecological and eco-evolutionary timescales; (3) assess how herbivore and natural enemy co-evolution affects biological control; and (4) re-assess herbivore and natural enemy co-evolutionary effects on biological control in communities having different dispersal properties. I outline here the key findings of my thesis. (1) Variations in plant resource availability result in mismatches in functional traits between plants and herbivores, mismatches that lead to negative bottom-up effects on biological control. (2) Plant and herbivore trait mismatches also trigger herbivore evolution. Herbivore evolution in response to land-use change results in lowered herbivore efficiency on damaging the crop but at the cost of decreased biological control efficiency. (3) If natural enemies are allowed to co-evolve with herbivores, my results suggest that effects on biological control depend on which habitat is modified combined with which habitat the natural enemy is specialised towards. Whether evolution promotes or hinders biological control is thus highly dependent on the ecological characteristics (i.e. degree of specialization) of the natural enemy. (4) Furthermore, evolutionary effects on biological control are also highly dependent on organismal dispersal propensity. For example, only high-dispersing natural enemies can promote biological control regardless of specialisation whereas for low-dispersing ones biological control relies on their specialisation. These results highlight a novel evolutionary perspective on biological control and ultimately promote much-needed knowledge for long-term biological control sustainability in agricultural landscapes.
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| 42. |
- Rydelius, Anna
(författare)
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Brain Tumor Imaging and Treatment Effects. Imaging findings and cognitive function in glioblastoma patients.
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- AbstractBackground: Glioblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor. Operation with maximal resection, if feasible, otherwise biopsy followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide is standard therapy. The prognosis remains poor, with median overall survival being 15 months despite therapy. Improved monitoring and treatment response assessment will be important when seeking to improve treatment efficacy and patient quality of life.Aims: The present work sought to follow newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients by imaging and clinical monitoring. Specific aims were to study the impact of surgical resection degree on prognosis and the effects of currently used therapies, including arc-based rotation radiotherapy, longitudinally. Aims were also to study radiological parameters with advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as patient neurological and cognitive functions in order to early identify prognostic factors. Material and methods: In paper I, volumetric assessment by quantitative and subjective methods was retrospectively studied from pre- and postoperative MRI in glioblastoma patients undergoing tumor resection. Influence of extent of resection of contrast enhanced tumor on progression-free survival and overall survival was analyzed, measured as relative extent of resection (EOR) and absolute residual tumor volume (RTV). In the present MRI brain tumor study, patients newly diagnosed with glioblastoma undergoing treatment with arc-based radiotherapy were studied longitudinally over a one-year period and constituted the patient cohort of papers II-IV, using advanced MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging sequences. Microstructural changes in non-tumorous brain structures, including white matter (corpus callosum, centrum semiovale) and the limbic system (hippocampus, amygdala), were assessed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) during and after irradiation. By parametric response mapping (PRM) changes of mean diffusivity (MD) in tumor regions were analyzed as MD-PRM. Baseline examinations were compared with examinations 3 weeks into radiotherapy voxel-wise, analyzing the MD-difference as prediction of therapy response and survival. Clinical parameters were monitored from start of radiotherapy up to one year and included correlation of cognition, measured by the computerized test-battery CNS-vital signs (CNS-VS), with therapy and disease progression.Results: Quantitative volumetric measurements, especially residual tumor volume of ≤1,6 mL, showed prognostic significance for longer progression-free and overall survival. The quantitative volumetric method was superior in reproducibility compared to conventional estimation. MD-PRM demonstrated that in patients only undergoing diagnostic biopsy MD-PRM, changes indicated prognostic specificity for treatment response at 8 months. Significant longitudinal DTI changes were only observed in the body of the corpus callosum during and up to one year from radiotherapy. Evaluation of cognitive performance in glioblastoma patients using cognitive test scores by CNS-VS at baseline were in lower-average or low, compared to standard test average in 4 main domains: executive function, visual and verbal memory and complex attention. Cognitive function remained stable without further deterioration during one year follow up after radiotherapy was initiated. Better cognitive function at therapy begin correlated with longer progression-free and overall survival. Conclusion: Quantitative volumetric assessment has prognostic impact on glioblastoma patients progression-free and overall survival in favor of gross total resection. MD-PRM could not predict treatment response as assessed in the entire patient cohort, but may have predictive value in biopsied patients. Longitudinal monitoring up to one year after initiated radiotherapy did not reveal any major changes, neither in microstructural changes by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters, nor in patients cognitive function, indicating less neurotoxicity by arc-based radiotherapy.
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| 43. |
- Ryman Augustsson, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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External stressors prior to traumatic knee injury : A cohort study on youth athletes [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review].
- 2022
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Ingår i: F1000 Research. - : F1000 Research. - 2046-1402. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Data on external stressors, such as social and environment variables and other "life events", and its relation to injury in youth athletic population are scarce. Investigating if external stressors is associated with injury risk may help coaches and other team staff to provide a more safe sport environment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate different aspects of external stressors and its potential association to traumatic knee injury in youth athletes.Methods: This study comprised of youth female and male athletes from Swedish national sports high schools, aged 15–19 years, participating and competing in soccer, handball, or floorball. The athletes recorded any traumatic knee injury that had occurred during high-school in a web-based injury form. Data on external stressors and subjective perceived stress was also collected.Results: The majority (60%) of stress factors noted was related to sport context. More athletes in the injured group of athletes reported life event stressor (p=0.001) and experienced stress more often (p=0.02) compared to the group of non-injured athletes. No differences between injured and non-injured athletes in terms of change of club, team coach, training protocol or game formation were noted (p>0.05). A weak correlation (r=0.20, p=0.02) was found between the number of stressors and injuries.Conclusions: A high prevalence of external stressors are present in youth elite athletes with a majority of stress factors related to sport context. Life event stressors are present prior to injury and seem to be associated with traumatic knee injury to some degree.
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| 44. |
- Suchan, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-Stage Phase-Segregation of Mixed Halide Perovskites under Illumination : A Quantitative Comparison of Experimental Observations and Thermodynamic Models
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 33:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photo- and charge-carrier-induced ion migration is a major challenge when utilizing metal halide perovskite semiconductors for optoelectronic applications. For mixed iodide/bromide perovskites, the compositional instability due to light- or electrical bias induced phase-segregation restricts the exploitation of the entire bandgap range. Previous experimental and theoretical work suggests that excited states or charge carriers trigger the process, but the exact mechanism is still under debate. To identify the mechanism and cause of light-induced phase-segregation phenomena, the full compositional range of methylammonium lead bromide/iodide samples are investigated, MAPb(BrxI1-x)3 with x = 0…1, by simultaneous in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy during illumination. The quantitative comparison of composition-dependent in situ XRD and PL shows that at excitation densities of 1 sun, only the initial stage of photo-segregation is rationalized with the previously established thermodynamic models. However, a progression of the phase segregation is observed that is rationalized by considering long-lived accumulative photo-induced material alterations. It is suggested that (additional) photo-induced defects, possibly halide vacancies and interstitials, need to be considered to fully rationalize light-induced phase segregation and anticipate the findings to provide crucial insight for the development of more sophisticated models.
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| 45. |
- Tell, Fredrik, 1968-
(författare)
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ASEA - Managing Big Business the Swedish Way
- 2008. - 1
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Ingår i: Creating Nordic Capitalism: The Development of a Competitive Periphery. - Basingstoke : Palgrave/Macmillan. - 9780230545533 - 023054553X ; , s. 104-136
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Creating the Model of Nordic Capitalism illuminates how the economies of five small North European countries; Denmark, Finland, Norway, Iceland and Sweden, became so competitive during the twentieth century.Through rigorous analysis the authors propose and describe the defining features of Nordic capitalism.
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| 46. |
- Tobiasson, Helena, 1964-
(författare)
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Physical action gaming and fun as a tool within elderly care : Game over or play it again and again…
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEA 2009 conference. Beijing; 2009.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- How can we support elderly living in special housing to be active and on the move?Around Europe and US there is a rapidly growing interest for use of computer games encouragingphysical motion, such as the Nintendo Wii, within healthcare and rehabilitation. We report a studywhere we introduced and used this game at a special housing for old people with severe dementia inOckelbo in Sweden. It was supposed to be a pilot-study during one month but the growing interestamong all involved, especially the players, led to an over six month long study. An example is 91-yearold Elsa saying “the motivation to win is still present”, “It is really exciting and fun – we have a matchevery day”. Examples of comments from the caregivers are “The ones I thought would never do thishas been the ones that liked it the most and has played a lot”, “This is not something especially for oldpeople, everyone does it”, “we need to change the repertoire of activities we propose for our elderly –me myself would get crazy if I when old were to be put in a room using potato-printing techniques ontable clothes”.Bridging the gap between differences in physical abilities to be able to play, compete or meet on anequal arena is tricky within elderly care. A conclusion is that Wii managed to bridge part of that gap,another that many of the elderly like to be more physically active, when the opportunities and thetechnologies are accessible for them.
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| 47. |
- Tokarev, A V, et al.
(författare)
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The role of bio-ethanol in aqueous phase reforming to sustainable hydrogen
- 2010
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 35:22, s. 12642-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aqueous Phase Reforming (APR) has during the recent years emerged as a potent, alternative means of processing raw materials of biological origin to component suitable as chemicals and fuel components. In contrary to e.g. steam reforming, aqueous phase reforming bares the promise of lower temperatures in processing which gives rise to potential of reduced energy consumption in the upgrading process itself.Aqueous phase reforming was studied over Pt/Al2O3 at 225 °C. Stable catalyst performance and high selectivity was observed. Upon a comparison of two ‘bio-alcohols’, bio-ethanol and Sorbitol (a sugar alcohol), the latter one is a better feedstock from overall energy utilization viewpoint but the use of it results in a broad range of products. Interestingly, in the case of sorbitol–ethanol mixtures, an improvement in the hydrogen yield was observed.
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| 48. |
- Undén, Johan
(författare)
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Clincal Aspects of Biological Brain Damage Markers
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Biomarkers for organ damage and/or dysfuntion are used in almost all areas of medicine. The brain has eluded this technological development for some time. Recently, the S100B protein has been shown to be a promising marker of brain damage. However, before S100S can reach clinical reality, several problems must be solved. The specificity of S100B requires special investigative attention. Although the sensitivity has seldom been criticised in the literature and assumed to be very high for S100B, this also craves further analysis. Furthermore, other clinical applications of biomarkers such as S100B need to be examined. Aim/brief methods This thesis therefore looks at these aspects in 6 clinical studies comprising 294 separate patients. The main aims were to; examine the specificity of serum S100B in clinically relevant situations; to examine the sensitivity of serum S100B in head injury; to investigate serum S100B levels in infectious disease; to investigate the source of serum S100B in patients with multitrauma and brain injuries; to examine the clinical utility potential for serum S100B as a daily measurement parameter in neurointensive care; and finally, to examine the ability of a biomarker panel (including the three most promising brain biomarkers; S100B, GFAP and NSE, with a biomarker of coagulation system activation; PCI-APC) to differentiate ischemic from haemorrhagic acute stroke. Biomarker analysis for S100B and NSE was performed with commercial assays. Analysis of GFAP and APC-PCI was performed by non-commercial assays. Results The results show that elevated levels of S100B were seen, in absence of brain injury, in isolated orthopaedic fractures, extracerebral infectious disease and in extracranial surgery after total brain herniation. These levels were generally consistent with levels seen after minor head injury. Epidural haematomas showed near-normal levels of S100B, even soon after the head trauma has occurred. Serum S100B is generally elevated in CNS infections, for instance in bacterial meningitis. S100B was especially raised in encephalitis. Daily S100B levels did not predict secondary neurological complications or outcome in the neurointensive care unit. Serum GFAP and APC-PCI measurements, prior to neuroimaging, had a 97% negative predictive power for haemorrhagic stroke and a 100% value if only samples within 12 hours were considered. Conclusions The clinical specificity of S100B is low. Elevated levels of S100B, in patients with clinical evidence of extracerebral tissue damage, should not be interpreted as brain damage. The sensitivity of serum S100B in head injury is high. However, epidural haematomas showed near-normal levels of S100B. Therefore, the magnitude of S100B levels in head trauma patients should not be directly related to the risk and/or magnitude of intracranial pathology. S100B is elevated in cerebral infections, especially in encephalitis where levels were found to be high. Most of the circulating S100B in serum after multitrauma injuries originates from the brain. Daily serum S100B levels are not clinically useful in the neurointensive care setting. Serum GFAP and APC-PCI measurements, prior to neuroimaging, can accurately rule out haemorrhagic stroke in a mixed population of stroke patients.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Wassén, Cecilia, 1962-
(författare)
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Women in the Damascus Document
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Women in the Damascus Document offers a fresh look at the nature of the community reflected in the Damascus Document, one of the core documents of the Dead Sea Scrolls. By presenting a close and comprehensive study of the references to women and in-depth analyses of biblically based laws in the document, this work attempts to recontruct the role of women and attitudes toward women within the community.
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