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| 2. |
- Akram, Frida Hosseini, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Hypothyroidism in Early Pregnancy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 26:11, s. 1231-1235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Untreated and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has been associated with adverse pregnancy complications such as increased risk of miscarriage, hypertension, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery. However, in Sweden, screening for thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy is only recommended for women with a high risk of thyroid disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the incidence of clinical and SCH in women in the first trimester of pregnancy.Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 1298 pregnant women were divided into three groups: one unselected general screening group (n=611), one low-risk group comprising women without risk factors for thyroid disorder (n=511), and one high-risk group comprising women with an inheritance or suspicion of thyroid disease or undergoing treatment for thyroid disease (n=88). Serum was obtained up to gestational week 13, and thyrotropin (TSH) was analyzed.Results: The incidences of thyroid dysfunction in the three screening groups were 9.8% in the general screening group, 9.6% in the low-risk group, and 10.2%, p=0.948, in the high-risk group. In the women with known hypothyroidism on levothyroxine treatment, 50.6% had serum TSH levels above 2.0mIU/L.Conclusions: High-risk screening is not useful in predicting which women are at risk of thyroid disease in early pregnancy since approximate to 10% of women with SCH or hypothyroidism could not be diagnosed in this way.
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| 3. |
- Blom, May, et al.
(författare)
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Work and marital status in relation to depressive symptoms and social support among women with coronary artery disease.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 16:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Work and marital status have been shown to be associated with health outcome in women. However, the effect of employment and marriage on psychosocial functioning has been studied predominantly in healthy subjects. We investigated whether work and marital status are associated with depressive symptoms, social support, and daily stress behavior in women with coronary artery disease (CAD).METHODS: Data of 105 women with CAD and of working age were analyzed. General linear models were used to determine the association between work and marital status and depressive symptoms, social support, and daily stress behavior.RESULTS: Women who were working at the time of measurement had lower levels of depressive symptoms (7.0 +/- 1.2 vs. 12.1 +/- 0.9, p < 0.01) and higher levels of social support (21.6 +/- 1.0 vs. 18.9 +/- 0.7, p = 0.03) than the nonworking women, whereas marital status was not related to any of the outcome variables. Results were similar after adjusting for potential confounders, that is, age, education, self-reported health, and risk factors for CAD. There was no significant interaction between marital status and working status on depressive symptoms, social support, or daily stress behavior.CONCLUSIONS: In women with CAD, all <65 years of age, after a cardiac event, patients working had lower levels of depressive symptoms and a better social integration than those not working, regardless of reason for being nonemployed. Daily stress behavior, depression, and social support did not differ between cohabiting and not cohabiting women. Future interventions should take into consideration that women with CAD who are unemployed may have a higher risk for depression and social isolation and, therefore, poor clinical outcomes.
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| 4. |
- Broberg, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Sex Differences in Treatment and Prognosis of Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of women's health (2002). - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1931-843X .- 1540-9996. ; 32:1, s. 102-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10%-15% of all stroke cases and is associated with a high risk of death and disability. Prior studies in ischemic stroke have demonstrated a less favorable outcome in women compared with men, but there is a paucity of data regarding differences in outcome by sex in ICH. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible sex differences in acute care and the 3-months follow-up of patients with ICH. Methods: Data were collected from the Swedish National Stroke Registry (Riksstroke). Demographic and baseline characteristics were collected, based on in-hospital data and data from 3-months follow-up. Results: Variables of interest were collected from 1,403 patients. Women (45.1%) were significantly older than men, with a mean age±standard deviation of 77±13years, versus 71±14 years, p<0.01. On admission, the ICH severity was similar in men and women. There was no significant association between sex and reception of neuroimaging or neurosurgery. Women were less likely to be treated in a stroke unit (80.8% vs. 85.3%, p=0.03), or discharged to home (51.5% vs. 63.4%, p<0.01). At 3-months follow-up, there were no sex-related differences regarding dependence, post-ICH self-reported depression, or case fatality. Conclusions: Women were less likely to be treated in a stroke unit, and were less often discharged to home. However, no significant differences in 3-month functional outcome or survival between men and women with ICH were found in this study.
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| 11. |
- Grundström, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Pelvic Pain and Endometriosis on Patient-Reported Outcomes and Experiences of Benign Hysterectomy: A Study from the Swedish National Register for Gynecological Surgery
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 27:5, s. 691-698
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The study objective was to analyze and compare patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after hysterectomy in women with and without a preoperative complaint of pelvic pain associated with and without a confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis. Methods: Retrospective nationwide register study. Data on 28,776 hysterectomies performed on benign indication between 2004 and 2016 were retrieved from the Swedish National Register for Gynecological Surgery. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to compare the PREMs and PROMs items. The results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Regardless of the occurrence of pelvic pain preoperatively and a diagnosis of endometriosis, 1 year after surgery, the women were satisfied or very satisfied (amp;gt;90%) with the hysterectomy, and their medical condition was improved or much improved (amp;gt;95%). The women with a preoperative complaint of pelvic pain and endometriosis more often reported excessively short hospital stays (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.17-1.79), more severe complications after discharge (aOR 2.02, 95% CI 1.59-2.66) at the 8-week follow-up and at the 1-year follow-up (aOR 2.31, 95% CI 1.57-3.39), and more dissatisfaction with the operation (aOR 1.83, 95% CI 1.35-2.48) than preoperative pelvic pain-free women without endometriosis at the 1-year follow-up. Conclusions: The majority of the women were satisfied after their hysterectomy. The women with pelvic pain and endometriosis were at a higher risk of being dissatisfied. Pelvic pain per se seemed to be the main factor affecting the rating in the PREMs and PROMs, and the endometriosis was a significant contributing factor.
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| 12. |
- Gutke, Annelie, et al.
(författare)
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The Severity and Impact of Pelvic Girdle Pain and Low-Back Pain in Pregnancy: A Multinational Study.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1931-843X .- 1540-9996. ; 27:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) and low-back pain (LBP) are the most common musculoskeletal disorders experienced during pregnancy, yet they are not familiar to healthcare providers in some countries. The objective was to compare prevalence, severity, and impact of PGP and LBP among pregnant women in the United States, the United Kingdom, Norway, and Sweden. Women's desires for, access to, and experience of treatment were also examined.This is a cross-sectional self-reported questionnaire study of pregnant women, recruited at maternity care units in gestational weeks 30-38. Main outcome measures were presence and impact of PGP and/or LBP.A total of 869 pregnant women from the United States (n=214), the United Kingdom (n=220), Norway (n=220), and Sweden (n=215) were included. PGP and/or LBP were reported by 70%-86%, with lowest prevalence in Scandinavia. Severity and impact differed significantly across countries (p<0.001), with U.K. women reporting the highest pain intensity (Numeric Rating Scale [NRS] 7/10) and highest mean total score on the Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ) (46/100). U.S. women were significantly less afflicted, with mean PGQ total score 35/100 (p≤0.001). The countries differed regarding concern about PGP and/or LBP (p<0.001), with U.K. women being most affected (NRS 5/10). Norwegian women were most likely to receive treatment (53%) and U.S. women least likely (24%) (p<0.001). Among women receiving treatment, 68%-87% reported a positive effect.PGP and/or LBP during pregnancy are common in the United States, the United Kingdom, Norway, and Sweden. Severity, concern, and treatment experiences differed across countries. The majority of women who received treatment reported a positive effect.
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| 15. |
- Kassymova, Gulnara, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Follow-Up Contact on Recovery After Benign Hysterectomy: A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Four-Arm, Controlled Multicenter Trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 30:6, s. 872-881
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The objective of this trial was to analyze the effect of follow-up programs using standard follow-up protocol and structured coaching on recovery after hysterectomy in an enhanced recovery after surgery setting. Materials and Methods: A randomized, four-armed, single-blinded, controlled multicenter trial comprising 487 women was conducted at five hospitals in the southeast region of Sweden. The women were allocated (1:1:1:1) to Group A: no planned follow-up contact; Group B: a single, planned, structured, broadly kept, follow-up telephone contact with the research nurse the day after discharge; Group C: planned, structured, broadly kept follow-up telephone contact with the research nurse the day after discharge and then once weekly for 6 weeks; and Group D: as Group C, but with planned, structured, coaching telephone contact. Recovery was assessed by the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaires EuroQoL-5 Dimension with three levels (EQ-5D-3L) and Short-Form-Health Survey with 36 items (SF-36) and duration of sick leave. Results: Neither the recovery of HRQoL as measured by the EQ-5D-3L and the SF-36 nor the duration of sick leave (mean 26.8-28.1 days) differed significantly between the four intervention groups. Irrespective of mode of follow-up contact used, the women had recovered to their baseline EQ-5D-3L health index 4 weeks after surgery. The occurrence of unplanned telephone contact was significantly lower (by nearly 30%) in the women who had structured coaching. Conclusion: Follow-up contact, including coaching, did not seem to expedite the postoperative recovery in HRQoL or reduce the sick leave after hysterectomy, but the coaching seemed to reduce unplanned telephone contact with the health care services. ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT01526668).
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Lövkvist, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Age-Related Differences in Quality of Life in Swedish Women with Endometriosis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 25:6, s. 646-653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The purpose of this observational study was to evaluate the impact of endometriosis on quality of life (QoL) in different age groups of Swedish women with endometriosis. Recruitment occurred through the Endometriosis Association (Sweden) (n = 400) and five gynecology departments of five Swedish hospitals (n = 400). All voluntary female members of the patient organization and patients attending specialist clinics due to endometriosis (n = 800) were invited by sending them a questionnaire. An age-and gender-matched sample of the general Swedish population was used as a control group when analyzing SF-36 data. Methods: A postal questionnaire (including SF-36) was distributed to 800 women. The questionnaire was evaluated by using descriptive statistics, and SF-36 was evaluated according to standard methods. Results: Of the 449 (56%) self-administered questionnaires returned, 431 (96%) contained evaluable answers. Women with endometriosis have significantly lower SF-36 scores than the general female Swedish population, and the score depends on the women's age. Younger women experience more symptoms and have a lower QoL score compared with women in the older age group. Conclusion: Women with endometriosis have significantly lower QoL than the general female Swedish population and it depends on the women's age, where younger women express more symptoms and have a lower QoL compared with women in the older age group. Our results highlight that more healthcare resources should be focused on younger women with endometriosis.
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| 21. |
- Newby-Kew, Abigail, et al.
(författare)
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Severe Perineal Lacerations in First Delivery : Association with Subsequent Reproductive Outcomes
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 33:4, s. 542-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Severe perineal lacerations (SPLs), common worldwide, are associated with short- and long-term complications: pelvic floor disorders, fecal incontinence, fistula, and profound psychological impacts. Limited research suggests that experiencing SPL may influence future reproductive intentions, but research on outcomes is lacking.Methods: We analyzed the effect of experiencing SPL during a first delivery among a large cohort of Swedish births between 1992 and 2013. We used linear and multinomial logistic regression to estimate the associations between SPL and four reproductive outcomes: subsequent total birth number, probability of a second birth, interpregnancy interval (IPI), and subsequent scheduled cesarean birth.Results: Among 947,035 singleton live-born first-births, we found that experiencing SPL was associated with slightly fewer overall births in fully adjusted models (a decrease of -0.020 births; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.028 to -0.012), but no difference in the probability of a second birth (risk ratio [RR]: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.00) or IPI. Scheduled cesarean was increased in births after SPL (adjusted RR: 4.57; 95% CI: 4.42 to 4.73). A secondary comparison of SPL to severe postpartum hemorrhage suggests that some of these observed differences may be related to experiencing any severe outcome, and some specifically to perineum disruption.Conclusion: This study provides a deeper understanding of the long-term impacts of SPL, which may be useful in informing best clinical practices for supporting women who have experienced SPL.
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| 22. |
- Nilsen, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Is Questionnaire-Based Alcohol Counseling More Effective for Pregnant Women Than Standard Maternity Care?
- 2010
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 19:1, s. 161-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To compare current standard maternity care in Sweden concerning provision of alcohol advice with a more comprehensive questionnaire-based counseling model. Methods: The study population included pregnant women in Linkoping who were registered at a maternity care center during a 2-year period and whose pregnancies resulted in liveborn infants without birth defects, representing 93% of all pregnant women. Anonymous questionnaires were mailed to the women. The first cohort (registered April 2005 1, to March 31, 2006) received standard care according to a procedure that is common practice in Sweden. The second cohort (April 1, 2006 to March 31, 2007) received alcohol advice based on a comprehensive counseling model, incorporating the use of the three-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) questionnaire and tailored counseling based on the AUDIT-C score. Results: The response rate was 61% in the first cohort (standard care) and 70% in the second cohort (questionnaire-based counseling). The cohorts were similar in sociodemographic variables and prepregnancy drinking characteristics. The proportion of women who continued drinking alcohol during the pregnancy was 6.0% in cohort 1 and 5.8% in cohort 2. Women in cohort 2 were more favorable to the advice and, to a larger extent, perceived the main message to be abstinence from drinking during pregnancy. Conclusions: The questionnaire-based counseling model was more favorably perceived than the standard care model, but the new model was not more effective in terms of its impact on the proportion of women who abstained from drinking during pregnancy.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Ramö Isgren, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Obstetric Outcomes in Adolescents Related to Body Mass Index and Compared with Low-Risk Adult Women
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 26:5, s. 426-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate in adolescents the association between body mass index (BMI) and obstetric outcomes and to determine whether the outcomes in the BMI groups of adolescents differ from those of a low-risk population of adult women. Materials and Methods: This is a nationwide population-based register study. Obstetric outcomes of 31,386 singleton primiparous adolescents were evaluated in relation to BMI classes. Furthermore, the outcomes of the adolescents and 178,844 normal weight, nonsmoking, singleton primiparous women, 25-29 years old with no known comorbidity, defined as standard women, were compared. Multiple logistic regression models were used. Results are presented as crude odds ratios (ORs) or adjusted ORs and with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Compared with normal weight adolescents, obese adolescents had a lower chance of a normal vaginal delivery (VD)76% versus 85% [adjusted OR 0.61 (0.55-0.68)], a higher risk for acute cesarean section (CS)8.9% versus 4.5% [adjusted OR 2.45 (2.08-2.88)], and stillbirth0.7% versus 0.2% [adjusted OR 3.17 (1.74-5.77)]. Compared with standard women, overweight adolescents had a higher chance of a normal VD82% versus 75% [crude OR 1.53 (1.44-1.64)] and a lower risk for acute CS6.3% versus 7.1% [crude OR 0.85 (0.76-0.95)]. Obese adolescents had a lower risk for instrumental VD8% versus 13% [crude OR 0.61 (0.53-0.71)] and obstetric anal sphincter injury1% versus 3% [crude OR 0.38 (0.26-0.57)]. Conclusion: Several adverse obstetric outcomes were obesity related among adolescents. Overweight adolescents seemed to have better obstetric outcomes than standard women, something to consider when optimizing resources for women during pregnancy and delivery.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Samelius, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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Somatization in abused women
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1059-7115 .- 2168-7668 .- 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 16:6, s. 909-918
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The association between abuse and somatization has been less systematically investigated than other abuse-related outcomes. Moreover, such studies have given inconsistent results. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between somatization and lifetime exposure to physical, sexual, and psychological abuse. Methods: A total of 800 women, 400 reporting abuse and 400 reporting no abuse in a previous randomized, population-based study, were sent two questionnaires: SOMAT, a questionnaire on somatization, and the Abuse Inventory (AI). Of 781 eligible women, 547 participated (70% response rate). Results: Psychological abuse of both limited (6 months–2 years) and prolonged duration (>2 years) was associated with somatization (OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.37-4.40 and OR = 3.09, 95% CI 1.52-6.30, respectively). Sexual abuse without penetration was associated with somatization (OR = 2.47, 95% CI 1.17-5.20), but sexual abuse with penetration was not. Physical abuse was not associated with somatization when adjustments for other kinds of abuse were made. Being abused in adulthood and in both adulthood and childhood was associated with somatization (OR = 4.20, 95% CI 2.45-7.20 and OR = 2.90, 95% CI 1.69-4.90, respectively), whereas being abused in childhood only was not. Conclusions: Abuse of women is associated with somatization. Other factors than severity of abuse, such as whether the abused woman herself perceives her experience as abuse, seem to be more decisive for developing somatization in abused women. Abuse should be taken into account when meeting women with somatization symptoms as patients.
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| 31. |
- Schytt, Erica, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for poor self-rated health in women at 2 months and 1 year after childbirth
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 16:3, s. 390-405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate risk factors for poor self-rated health (SRH) in primiparous and multiparous women 2 months and 1 year after childbirth in a nationwide Swedish sample.METHODS: Women were recruited at their first booking visit at 593 (97%) antenatal clinics in Sweden during 3 weeks evenly spread over 1 year (1999-2000). Data were collected by questionnaires in early pregnancy, 2 months and 1 year after childbirth, and from the Medical Birth Register. In total, 2424 women filled in all the questionnaires, including a global question on SRH. The representativity of the sample was assessed by comparison with the total Swedish birth cohort of 1999. Data were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: Physical problems, such as tiredness, musculoskeletal symptoms, and abdominal pain, and emotional problems, such as depressive symptoms, increased the risk of poor SRH in both primiparas and multiparas at one or both time points. Infant-related risk factors in both groups were negative experience of breastfeeding (2 months) and infant sleeping problems (1 year), and prematurity was a risk factor in primiparas at 2 months. Insufficient social support increased the risk in multiparas. In primiparas, outcome of labor, such as negative birth experience after operative delivery, was associated with poor SRH at 1 year and perineal pain at 2 months.CONCLUSIONS: A new mother's SRH is associated with her life situation. Ongoing physical and emotional problems, lack of support, and infant factors seem more important than sociodemographic background. Mode of delivery and childbirth experience may have a longterm effect on SRH.
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| 32. |
- Shakir, Yasameen, et al.
(författare)
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Health Hazards in Middle-Aged Women with Cardiovascular Disease: A Case-Control Study of Swedish Women. The Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) Study.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1931-843X .- 1540-9996. ; 16:3, s. 406-414
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To delineate the health profile in middle-aged women with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: The Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) project covered all women born 1935 - 1945 ( n = 10,766) living in the Lund area; 6917 (64.2%) women completed a generic questionnaire and underwent physical and laboratory assessments. Of the 6917 women, 6416 were postmenopausal women, of whom 104 had CVD. For each woman with CVD, two controls were selected and matched for age, smoking habits, body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WHR), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density liproprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), diastolic blood pressure and hormonal status. Results: One hundred four women (1.6%) reported CVD. Forty-nine had a myocardial infarction (MI), 49 had a stroke, and 6 women had both events; 71.4% were postmenopausal, with never use of hormone therapy ( HT) ( PM0), and 28.6% were postmenopausal with ever use of HT (PMT). Compared with the control group, serum androstendione was lower ( p = 0.004) in the case group, and menopausal estradiol (E-2) values were less frequent ( p = 0.037) in cases from the PM0 group. Among psychological and somatic symptoms, nervousness ( p < 0.05), difficulty relaxing, crying easily, visual disturbance ( p <= 0.01 for all), dizziness, difficulties in voiding urine, shortness of breath, breast tenderness, "and constipation ( p <= 0.001 for all) were more common among women with CVD. Women with CVD expressed less satisfaction with feeling healthy, body image, memory loss, irritability, and sexuality ( p <= 0.05 for all). The case group had more problems with daily activities, more days spent in hospital during the previous 5 years, and more regular medical appointments with healthcare centers, more often had diabetes mellitus (DM) ( p < 0.001 for all), and had experienced more falls in the previous year ( p < 0.05). Urinary incontinence and decreased body weight were more common among cases ( p <= 0.01 for both). Conclusion: Several health hazards as well as somatic and psychological symptoms were more common in subjects with CVD, rendering them more susceptible to future disease.
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| 33. |
- Skagerstrom, Janna, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of Drinking During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 20:6, s. 901-913
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Many pregnant women continue to drink alcohol despite clinical recommendations and public health campaigns about the risks associated with alcohol use during pregnancy. This review examines the predictors of prenatal alcohol use, with the long-term goal of developing more effective preventive efforts. Methods: A literature search of several databases for relevant articles was undertaken. Studies were included if they occurred in the context of antenatal care, collected data during the womans pregnancy (between 1999 and 2009), investigated predictors of any drinking, had a population-based orientation (e. g., did not focus only on high-risk drinkers), and were published in English in a scientific peer-reviewed journal between 1999 and 2009. Results: Fourteen studies published between 2002 and 2009 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (United States, 4; Europe, 4; Australia and New Zealand, 3; Japan, 2; and Uganda, 1). The predictors of prenatal alcohol use most consistently identified were prepregnancy alcohol consumption and having been abused or exposed to violence. Less consistent predictors of drinking during pregnancy were high income/social class and positive dependence screen. Unemployment, marital status, and education level were examined in many studies but found to be predictive only infrequently. Conclusions: Womens prepregnancy alcohol consumption (i.e., quantity and frequency of typical drinking) and exposure to abuse or violence were consistently associated with drinking during pregnancy. Antenatal care providers should assess these factors for improved detection of women at risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies.
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| 34. |
- Trevisan, Caterina, et al.
(författare)
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Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Marital Status and the Development of Frailty : A Swedish Longitudinal Population-Based Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 29:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The gender-specific role of marital status for the development of frailty has not been clarified. This study evaluates the gender differences in the association between marital status and frailty development, and the possible modifying effect by age cohort in such a relationship. Methods: The sample included 2179 community-dwelling older adults involved in the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, followed up for 6 years. Participants stable in marital status over time were categorized as partnered, widowed, single, and divorced. Changes were classified as losing one's partner and gaining a partner. Frailty was defined as the presence of three or more criteria among: weight loss, low physical activity, slow walking speed, weakness, and exhaustion. The association between marital status and frailty, with death as an alternative outcome and controlling for confounders, was estimated with multinomial logistic regressions. Results: Men who remained single (odds ratio [OR] = 2.50, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.05 - 5.98) and those who lost their partner (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.16 - 5.77) had higher odds of frailty than those with a partner. The OR differed between younger (60-80 years) and older (>= 81 years) women (p-(interaction) = 0.04). The youngest women who remained divorced had a higher risk of frailty (OR = 2.75, 95% CI 1.24 - 6.08) than those who still had a partner. Conversely, older women who lost their partner had 80% (95% CI 0.05-0.86) lower odds of frailty than those with a partner. Conclusions: Marital status can influence frailty development differently for women and men. This gender-specific influence may vary by age cohort, perhaps in response to sociocultural factors.
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