| 1. |
- Bremberg, Niklas, 1978-, et al.
(author)
-
Global Responses to Climate Security : Discourses, Institutions and Actions
- 2022
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : Sage Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 17:3, s. 341-356
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research suggests that International Organizations (IOs) are getting more involved in efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate-related security risks in different parts of the world. However, there is still a limited understanding of how discourse and action on climate security develop and diffuse in and across different institutional settings in various policy fields and geographical contexts. This article aims to contribute to advancing the research agenda by outlining an analytical framework that helps structure comparison across IOs along three key dimensions: (a) discursive framing; (b) institutional design; and (c) policy actions. To illustrate how the framework can be used in empirical analyses the article discusses findings from previous research. This is not only relevant to highlight the framework’s analytical usefulness as it also shows the relevance of these research findings for practitioners and decision-makers engaged in efforts to enhance the role of IOs in global governance of climate security—and across the humanitarian-development-peacebuilding nexus.
|
|
| 2. |
- Habyarimana, Jean-Bosco, et al.
(author)
-
Speaking up and Being Heard: Local Participation and Influence in Kenya and Lebanon
- 2022
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 17:2, s. 209-224
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In recent years, the view that peacebuilding is essentially local has gained traction. Debates in the field of development research point to the potential of participation and influence for promoting effective, appropriate and legitimate developments, but post-conflict contexts offer additional challenges. Here, societal divisions infiltrate the local level and its policy-making, and participation does not necessarily offer answers to issues of voice and inclusion. This article compares participation and influence in Kenya and Lebanon, two deeply divided post-conflict countries. The study has three main findings: there are possibilities for local communities to participate in local decision-making; inclusion and ability to influence local decision-making depends on personal status; local decision-making bodies are influenced by national dividing lines, and local participation and influence risk replicating conflictual divisions. Therefore, while participation and influence in local decision-making in post-conflict contexts is possible for some, it risks promoting further exclusion of those already marginalised, thus hindering efforts to consolidate peace and development.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Koefoed, Minoo, 1986
(author)
-
Constructive Resistance in Northern Kurdistan: Exploring the Peace, Development and Resistance Nexus
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 12:3, s. 39-53
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cultural and linguistic repression of Kurdish ethnic identity rests at the heart of the conflict between the Turkish state and the Kurdish movement in Turkey’s Kurdish region, also known as Northern Kurdistan. Inspired by Peet and Hartwick’s conceptualisation of alternative development, combined with Gandhi’s idea of the constructive programme and Galtung’s conceptualisation of positive peace, this article investigates intersections between peace, development and resistance. The discussion is informed and developed by illuminating two empirical cases of what will be argued should be seen as ‘constructive resistance’ conducted by the Kurdish movement. Both cases seek to undermine repressive Turkish assimilation policies. This article shows how social movements, through constructive resistance practices, can be understood as central actors in processes of social and political transformation, termed ‘self-organised development’.
|
|
| 5. |
- Leonardsson, Hanna, 1984
(author)
-
Vertical Relationships and Local Peacebuilding in Lebanon: The Case of Responsive Waste Management
- 2020
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 15:2, s. 219-234
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a growing understanding that vertical relationships matter for peacebuilding efforts that respond to local needs. There is little consensus, however, on how to study verticality in peacebuilding empirically. This article asks how we can understand responsiveness to needs through vertical relationships in post-conflict spaces. To answer this question, the article develops an analytical framework of vertical relationships as a peacebuilding function. Arguing that responsiveness to needs is a critical factor in building a legitimate peace, the article applies this framework to the case of municipal waste management during the waste crisis in Lebanon in 2015. Building on 31 interviews in two Lebanese municipalities, the article illustrates the complexity of vertical relationships in a post-conflict space. It concludes that vertical relationships enable responsiveness to needs by drawing on political belonging, thus promoting a fragile peacebuilding dependent on national political divides. © The Author(s) 2020.
|
|
| 6. |
- Lundqvist, Martin, 1983, et al.
(author)
-
Atomised and subordinated? Unpacking the role of international involvement in ‘the local turn’ of peacebuilding in Nepal and Cambodia
- 2018
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 13:2, s. 16-30
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The local turn debate sometimes falls into the trap of romanticising the local, while vilifying international involvement in peacebuilding. Although this post-colonially informed argument makes immediate theoretical sense, there is a dearth of empirically driven comparative research which explores whether, and if so how, an international presence actually influences local peacebuilding efforts. In order to address this research gap, the present article sets out to study the execution of local peacebuilding programmes in two relatively similar cases where one (Nepal) has enjoyed little international peacebuilding presence, while the other (Cambodia) has seen a massive influx of international actors and funding in its peacebuilding endeavour. Our empirical material indicates that international support for the local peacebuilding process in Cambodia has bolstered it, while the locally owned process in Nepal has been far from successful in forging the conditions for sustainable peace. To fathom why these particular outcomes have occurred, however, the full answers are unlikely to be found by merely scrutinising whether the peacebuilding processes have been primarily internationally or locally driven. Instead, we suggest that peacebuilding outcomes are better understood by studying situated practices.
|
|
| 7. |
- Nordhag, Anders
(author)
-
Exploring Peace in the Midst of War : Rojava as a Zone of Peace?
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : Sage Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 16:1, s. 9-23
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- War and peace are often depicted as mutually exclusive phenomena; where there is violent conflict, peace is absent. This assumption is problematic because it obscures cases where groups, networks, or communities create peaceful situations for themselves in the midst of, or in close proximity to, war. This article focuses on Rojava, a predominantly Syrian Kurdish area in northern Syria. Since the start of the Syrian war, Rojava was for a long time an island of relative security in an otherwise violent context. This article explores Rojava between 2011 and 2014 through theories and empirical examples of zones of peace where local communities in violent conflicts create spaces that are off limits to violence. The article concludes that because violence is not prohibited in Rojava, it cannot be considered a peace zone. Yet the case shows that peacebuilding is possible beyond minimising effects of violence even during a violent conflict.
|
|
| 8. |
- Olivius, Elisabeth, 1983-, et al.
(author)
-
Exploring Varieties of Peace: Advancing the Agenda
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : Sage Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 16:1, s. 3-8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Within peace and conflict research, the study of peace has received far less scholarly attention than the study of war and violence (Gleditsch et al., 2014). Moreover, among the studies that pay particular attention to peace, a negative peace conception, which equates peace with the absence of direct violence between formerly warring parties, has generally dominated. Consequently, peace itself is underconceptualised. Existing conceptions of peace do not provide analytical tools that can systematically describe, compare, and explain how peace varies across contexts. By way of illustration, the peace in Sri Lanka is evidently different from the peace in South Africa or the peace in Cambodia, and peace in all of these contexts has also evolved in different ways over time. Postwar processes of peacebuilding and development are complex and messy, and the outcomes are both unpredictable and highly diverse. This situation has prompted recent calls for the development of new theoretical frameworks, analytical tools, and methodologies that can enable nuanced empirical analyses and assessments of peace across empirical cases (e.g., Davenport et al., 2018; Diehl, 2016; Höglund & Söderberg Kovac, 2010; Jarstad et al., 2019).This special issue, titled Exploring Varieties of Peace, responds to these calls and seeks to advance conceptual understandings as well as empirical analyses of peace that provide new insights into the ways in which peace is manifested, experienced, and understood. The special issue originates from the Varieties of Peace research programme and network, which was launched in 2017 at Umeå University, Sweden, with support from the Swedish Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences.1 Several of the contributions were discussed at the Varieties of Peace Asia Conference, which was organised in Jakarta, Indonesia, October 22–24, 2019, in cooperation with the Centre for Strategic and International Studies.
|
|
| 9. |
- Olivius, Elisabeth, 1983-, et al.
(author)
-
Spatial Struggles and the Politics of Peace : the Aung San Statue as a Site for Post-War Conflict in Myanmar’s Kayah State
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : Sage Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 16:3, s. 275-288
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article explores processes of place-making and space-making around the erection of the Aung San statue in Kayah state in Myanmar and draws out the competing visions of peace that are articulated through them. The raising of the statue unleashed widespread public protest, which was largely met by repression by the Myanmar authorities. Drawing on interviews, focus groups, and documentary sources, we argue that the statue constitutes an attempt to establish a post-war political order centred on the reassertion of government authority in ethnic minority areas and the creation of unity through the imposition of one national identity. However, the statue has also been appropriated as a key site for the articulation of alternative visions of peace and development. The conflict around the statue thereby makes visible ongoing struggles over the meaning of peace and shows how these post-war struggles are fought on and through space and place.
|
|
| 10. |
- Premaratna, Nilanjana
(author)
-
Dealing With Sri Lanka’s Demons : Using Documentary Film for Peacebuilding
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : Sage Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 16:1, s. 39-54
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Documentary film is a popular resource amongst peacebuilding organisations and practitioners. Despite this popularity, research on documentary film is still emerging in peace and conflict studies. This article explores documentary film’s role in the study and practice of peacebuilding by examining the documentary Demons in Paradise and its engagement with issues of peace and conflict in post-war Sri Lanka. This article makes conceptual, methodological, and empirical contributions. Drawing from empirical research, I identify and discuss documentary film’s engagement along three analytical angles: documentary film as a text, within social processes, and within research processes. Under each angle, I explore how empirical observations and understanding of peace emerge through the visual, using diverse methods and data, including interviews, participant observation, visual elicitation in post-screening focus groups, and film analysis. I conclude that documentary film can contribute to the study and practice of peacebuilding by offering multiple analytical angles that elucidate plural, disparate understandings of peace in post-war societies.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Söderberg Kovacs, Mimmi, 1974-, et al.
(author)
-
Autonomous Peace? : The Bangsamoro Region in the Philippines Beyond the 2014 Agreement
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : Sage Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 16:1, s. 55-69
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- What kind of peace has emerged in the Bangsamoro region in the Philippines after the 2014 peace agreement? And how does it matter for the prospects of sustainable peace and development? The peace deal between the government of Philippines and the armed group Moro Islamic Liberation Front builds on the establishment of a new autonomous region. The new autonomy has the potential to end a prolonged cycle of armed rebellions. But if it fails to deliver the expected peace dividends, it could also lead to escalating violence. This article uses the Peace Triangle as a conceptual tool to analyse the current status of peace in Bangsamoro. As such, it advances a theoretical understanding of peace that focuses on how autonomy solutions impact on conflict issues, violent behaviour, and conflict attitudes and aid an assessment of the longer term prospects of peace in the wake of autonomy.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Åkebo, Malin, 1982-, et al.
(author)
-
Beyond Liberal Peace in Sri Lanka : Victory, Politics, and State Formation
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : Sage Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 16:1, s. 70-84
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2009, the war between the Sri Lankan government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam ended through a military victory for the government. Features of the post-war peace - including persistent militarization, strengthened nationalism, and communal violence - have commonly been attributed to a failed attempt at liberal peacebuilding followed by an authoritarian backlash. In contrast, this study shows how the post-war peace has been shaped by historical processes of state formation aimed at consolidating the Sri Lankan state. The article takes a long-term approach to analysing peace in Sri Lanka through the lens of state formation. The analysis centres on four key aspects: (1) post-war security, (2) state–minority relations, (3) socio-economic aspects, and (4) electoral politics. We conclude that there are currently few signs of any substantial state reform that would accommodate the continuous demand for social justice and minority rights that has spurred violent conflicts in Sri Lanka.
|
|
