| 1. |
- Ademovski, Seida Erovic, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of periodontal therapy on intra-oral halitosis : a case series
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:5, s. 445-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on intra-oral halitosis 3 months after therapy.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-eight adults with intra-oral halitosis were included in a case series. Intra-oral halitosis was evaluated at baseline, and at 3 months after treatment using the organoleptic scores (OLS), Halimeter® , and a gas chromatograph.RESULTS: Significant reductions for OLS (p < 0.01), total sum of volatile sulphur compounds (T-VSC) (p < 0.01) and methyl mercaptan (MM) (p < 0.05) values were found after treatment. Hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) levels were not significantly reduced. The numbers of probing pockets 4 mm, 5 mm and 6 mm were significantly reduced as a result of therapy (p < 0.001). Bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque indices were also significantly reduced (p < 0.001). For the 34 individuals with successful periodontal treatment (BOP<20% and a ≥50% reduction of total pocket depth) reductions in OLS (p < 0.01) and T-VSC scores (p < 0.01) were found. Eleven individuals were considered effectively treated for intra-oral halitosis presenting with a T-VSC value <160 ppb, a H2 S value <112 ppb and a MM value <26 ppb.CONCLUSION: Non-surgical periodontal therapy resulted in reduction of OLS, MM and T-VSC values 3 months after therapy. Few individuals were considered as effectively treated for intra-oral halitosis.
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| 2. |
- Akhi, Ramin, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-reactive saliva IgA antibodies to oxidized LDL and periodontal pathogens in humans.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 44:7, s. 682-691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) are formed as a result of lipid peroxidation and are highly immunogenic and proatherogenic. In this study, saliva antibodies binding to oxLDL, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) were characterized and their cross-reactivity was evaluated.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Resting and stimulated saliva samples were collected from 36 healthy adults (mean age 26 years). Saliva IgA, IgG and IgM autoantibody levels to copper oxidized LDL (CuOx-LDL) and malondialdehyde acetaldehyde-modified LDL (MAA-LDL) were determined with chemiluminescence immunoassay.RESULTS: Saliva IgA and IgG antibodies binding to MAA-LDL and CuOx-LDL were detected in all samples and they were associated with the saliva levels of IgA and IgG to P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Competitive immunoassay showed that saliva antibodies to MAA-LDL cross-reacted specifically with P. gingivalis. The autoantibody levels to oxLDL in saliva were not associated with the autoantibody levels to oxLDL in plasma or with saliva apolipoprotein B 100 levels.CONCLUSIONS: Saliva contains IgA and IgG binding to oxLDL, which showed cross-reactive properties with the periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g). The data suggest that secretory IgA to P.g may participate in immune reactions involved in LDL oxidation through molecular mimicry.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Berglundh, Tord, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions
- 2018
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Ingår i: J Clin Periodontol. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A classification for peri-implant diseases and conditions was presented. Focused questions on the characteristics of peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis, and soft- and hard-tissue deficiencies were addressed. Peri-implant health is characterized by the absence of erythema, bleeding on probing, swelling, and suppuration. It is not possible to define a range of probing depths compatible with health; Peri-implant health can exist around implants with reduced bone support. The main clinical characteristic of peri-implant mucositis is bleeding on gentle probing. Erythema, swelling, and/or suppuration may also be present. An increase in probing depth is often observed in the presence of peri-implant mucositis due to swelling or decrease in probing resistance. There is strong evidence from animal and human experimental studies that plaque is the etiological factor for peri-implant mucositis. Peri-implantitis is a plaque-associated pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. Peri-implantitis sites exhibit clinical signs of inflammation, bleeding on probing, and/or suppuration, increased probing depths and/or recession of the mucosal margin in addition to radiographic bone loss. The evidence is equivocal regarding the effect of keratinized mucosa on the long-term health of the peri-implant tissue. It appears, however, that keratinized mucosa may have advantages regarding patient comfort and ease of plaque removal. Case definitions in day-to-day clinical practice and in epidemiological or disease-surveillance studies for peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis were introduced. The proposed case definitions should be viewed within the context that there is no generic implant and that there are numerous implant designs with different surface characteristics, surgical and loading protocols. It is recommended that the clinician obtain baseline radiographic and probing measurements following the completion of the implant-supported prosthesis.
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| 5. |
- Bertl, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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A root canal filling per se does not have a significant negative effect on the marginal periodontium
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 42:6, s. 520-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To evaluate the periodontal status of single-rooted endodontically treated teeth (ET), correcting for patient- and tooth-related factors. Methods: Clinical parameters (BoP,PD,CAL) of 240 ET and 240 contralateral vital teeth (VT), before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment, were extracted retrospectively from the journals of 175 patients. Possible patientrelated (age, gender, smoking status) and tooth-related (interproximal restoration, root canal filling’s extent, post, tooth type) confounders were tested. Results: At baseline, frequency of BoP at an interproximal site at ET versus VT was 70.4% versus 65.0%, respectively. The frequency of teeth with interproximal PD ≥5 mm and CAL ≥5 mm was 47.9% versus 42.9% and 54.6% versus 49.6% at ET and VT, respectively. Interproximal PD and CAL at ET versus VT were 3.86 versus 3.61 mm and 4.11 versus 3.95 mm. After correcting for tooth-related factors, no significant differences were observed between ET and VT. An improper restoration had a significant (p < 0.001) negative effect on BoP [OR 3.49 (95%CI: 1.95–6.27)], PD [36.81% (95%CI: 18.52–57.92)] and CAL [27.01% (95% CI: 12.67–43.18)]. No significant differences between ET and VT were observed regarding clinical outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy. Conclusions: Presence of a root canal filling per se does not have a significant negative influence on the marginal periodontium, when correcting for the quality of the interproximal restoration.
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| 6. |
- Bertl, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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How old is old for implant therapy in terms of early implant losses?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:12, s. 1282-1293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To assess, retrospectively, whether older age has an impact on implant osseointegration when compared with younger age. Methods: All patients ≥65 years old at implant installation, in an university setting over a time-period of 11.5 years, with complete anamnestic data and follow-up until prosthetic restoration were included and any early implant loss (EIL; i.e., lack of osseointegration prior to or at time-point of prosthetic restoration) was recorded. Further, one implant, from each of the elderly patients was attempted matched to one implant in a younger patient (35 to <55 years old at implant installation) from the same clinic based on: (1) gender, (2) implant region, (3) smoking status, and (4) bone grafting prior to/simultaneously with implant installation. The potential impact of various local and systemic factors on EIL in the entire elderly population, and in the matched elderly and younger patient group were statistically assessed. Results: Four-hundred-forty-four patients ≥65 years old (range 65.1-91.3; 56.8% female) receiving 1517 implants were identified; 10 patients had one EIL each (implant/patient level: 0.66/2.25%). Splitting this patient cohort additionally into 4 age groups [65-69.9 (n=213), 70-74.9 (n=111), 75-79.9 (n=80), ≥80 (n=40)] EIL was on the implant level 0.41, 0.83, 0.34, and 2.26%, respectively, (p=0.102) and on the patient level 1.41, 2.70, 1.25, and 7.50%, respectively, (p=0.104); multilevel analysis showed weak evidence of association of increasing age with higher EIL rate (p = 0.090). Matching was possible in 347 cases, and 5 (1.44%) and 9 (2.59%) EIL in the elderly and younger patients, respectively, were observed (p=0.280). EIL could not be associated with any systemic condition or medication intake. Conclusions: Elderly patients ≥65 years old presented a similarly low EIL rate as younger patients 35 to <55 years old, while patients ≥80 years old may have a slight tendency for a higher EIL rate. Hence, aging does not seem to compromise osseointegration, and if at all, then only slightly and at a later stage of life.
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| 7. |
- Bertl, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Hyaluronan in Non-Surgical and Surgical Periodontal Therapy. A Systematic Review.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 42:3, s. 236-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate the effect of hyaluronan (HY) application as monotherapy or as adjunct to non-surgical and/or surgical periodontal therapy. METHODS: Literature search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines with the following main eligibility criteria: (a) English or German language; (b) preclinical in-vivo or human controlled trials; (c) effect size of HY evaluated histologically or clinically. RESULTS: Two preclinical in-vivo studies on surgical treatment and 12 clinical trials on non-surgical and/or surgical treatment were included. Most of the studies were highly heterogeneous, regarding with HY product used and application mode, and of high risk of bias, thus not allowing meta-analysis. The majority of clinical studies described a beneficial, occasionally statistically significant, effect of HY on bleeding on probing (BoP) and pocket depth (PD) reduction (2.28-19.5% and 0.2-0.9mm, respectively), comparing to controls; no adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSIONS: HY application as adjunct to non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment seems to have a beneficial, generally moderate, effect on surrogate outcome variables of periodontal inflammation, i.e., BoP and residual PD, and appears to be safe. The large heterogeneity of included studies, does not allow recommendations on the mode of application or effect size of HY as adjunct to non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment.
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| 8. |
- Buhlin, Kare, et al.
(författare)
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Association of periodontitis with persistent, pro-atherogenic antibody responses
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 42:11, s. 1006-1014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To study antibody responses associated with molecular mimicry in periodontitis.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-four periodontitis cases (mean age 54.0 years) and 44 controls (53.6 years) were examined, after which cases received periodontal treatment. Established immunoassays were used to analyse levels of antibodies against two pathogens, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), heat shock proteins (Hsp), Hsp60, Hsp65, and Hsp70, and epitopes of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) (CuOx-LDL and MDA-LDL) in plasma samples that were collected at baseline, after 3 (n=48) and 6 (n=30) months.RESULTS: When age, sex, smoking habit, and the number of teeth were considered in multivariate logistic regressions, Aa and Pg IgG, Hsp65-IgA, CuOx-LDL-IgG and -IgM and MDA-LDL-IgG antibody levels were associated with periodontitis, whereas Hsp60-IgG2 antibody levels were inversely associated. The Aa antibody levels significantly correlated with the levels of IgA antibodies to Hsp65 and Hsp70, and both OxLDL IgA-antibody levels. The levels of antibodies to Pg correlated with IgG antibodies to Hsp60, Hsp70 and both oxLDL antibody epitopes. None of the antibody levels changed significantly after treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Periodontitis is associated with persistently high levels of circulating antibodies that are reactive with pathogen- and host-derived antigens.
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| 9. |
- Carcuac, Olivier, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: 3-year results from a randomized controlled clinical trial.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 44:12, s. 1294-1303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reports on the 3-year follow-up of patients enrolled in a randomized controlled clinical trial on surgical treatment of advanced peri-implantitis.A total of 100 patients with advanced peri-implantitis were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups. Surgical therapy aiming at pocket elimination was performed and, in three test groups, supplemented by either systemic antibiotics, use of an antiseptic agent for implant surface decontamination or both. Outcomes were evaluated after 1 and 3years by means of clinical and radiological examinations. Differences between groups were explored by regression analysis.Clinical examinations at 3years after treatment revealed (i) improved peri-implant soft tissue health with a mean reduction in probing depth of 2.7mm and a reduction in bleeding/suppuration on probing of 40% and (ii) stable peri-implant marginal bone levels (mean bone loss during follow-up: 0.04mm). Implant surface characteristics had a significant impact on 3-year outcomes, in favour of implants with non-modified surfaces. Benefits of systemic antibiotics were limited to implants with modified surfaces and to the first year of follow-up.It is suggested that surgical treatment of peri-implantitis is effective and that outcomes of therapy are affected by implant surface characteristics. Potential benefits of systemic antibiotics are not sustained over 3years.
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| 10. |
- Chapple, Iain L C, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction of lifestyle, behaviour or systemic diseases with dental caries and periodontal diseases: consensus report of group 2 of the joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 44:Suppl 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Periodontal diseases and dental caries are the most common diseases of humans and the main cause of tooth loss. Both diseases can lead to nutritional compromise and negative impacts upon self-esteem and quality of life. As complex chronic diseases, they share common risk factors, such as a requirement for a pathogenic plaque biofilm, yet they exhibit distinct pathophysiologies. Multiple exposures contribute to their causal pathways, and susceptibility involves risk factors that are inherited (e.g. genetic variants), and those that are acquired (e.g. socio-economic factors, biofilm load or composition, smoking, carbohydrate intake). Identification of these factors is crucial in the prevention of both diseases as well as in their management.To systematically appraise the scientific literature to identify potential risk factors for caries and periodontal diseases.One systematic review (genetic risk factors), one narrative review (role of diet and nutrition) and reference documentation for modifiable acquired risk factors common to both disease groups, formed the basis of the report.There is moderately strong evidence for a genetic contribution to periodontal diseases and caries susceptibility, with an attributable risk estimated to be up to 50%. The genetics literature for periodontal disease is more substantial than for caries and genes associated with chronic periodontitis are the vitamin D receptor (VDR), Fc gamma receptor IIA (Fc-γRIIA) and Interleukin 10 (IL10) genes. For caries, genes involved in enamel formation (AMELX, AMBN, ENAM, TUFT, MMP20, and KLK4), salivary characteristics (AQP5), immune regulation and dietary preferences had the largest impact. No common genetic variants were found. Fermentable carbohydrates (sugars and starches) were the most relevant common dietary risk factor for both diseases, but associated mechanisms differed. In caries, the fermentation process leads to acid production and the generation of biofilm components such as Glucans. In periodontitis, glycaemia drives oxidative stress and advanced glycation end-products may also trigger a hyper inflammatory state. Micronutrient deficiencies, such as for vitamin C, vitamin D or vitamin B12, may be related to the onset and progression of both diseases. Functional foods or probiotics could be helpful in caries prevention and periodontal disease management, although evidence is limited and biological mechanisms not fully elucidated. Hyposalivation, rheumatoid arthritis, smoking/tobacco use, undiagnosed or sub-optimally controlled diabetes and obesity are common acquired risk factors for both caries and periodontal diseases.
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| 11. |
- Cosgarea, Raluca, et al.
(författare)
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Non-surgical periodontal treatment in conjunction with 3 or 7 days systemic administration of amoxicillin and metronidazole in severe chronic periodontitis patients : A placebo-controlled randomized clinical study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:9, s. 767-777
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate the effect of 3 or 7 days systemic administration of amoxicillin (AMX) and metronidazole (MET) or placebo as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in severe chronic periodontitis patients. METHODS: One hundred and two patients with severe chronic periodontitis [e.g. ≥1 site with probing pocket depth (PD) ≥ 6 mm per quadrant] were randomly divided into three equally sized groups and treated with either scaling and root planing within 24 h (SRP) + placebo (Group A) or SRP + AMX + MET (both 500 mg × 3 times daily) for 3 days (Group B) or SRP + AMX + MET (both 500 mg × 3 times daily) for 7 days (Group C). PD, clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), full-mouth plaque scores (FMPS) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were assessed prior to treatment (baseline), and at 3 and 6 months post-treatment. The primary outcome variable was the difference (Δ) in the number of sites with PD ≥ 6 mm. RESULTS: Ninety-one patients completed the study. At both 3 and 6 months, all three treatment protocols resulted in statistically significant improvements compared to baseline for all evaluated clinical parameters (p < 0.001). At 6 months, a statistically significantly greater reduction in the mean number of sites with PD ≥ 6 mm was observed in group B (28.62 ± 15.32 sites) and group C (30.45 ± 15.04 sites) compared to the placebo group (17.10 ± 14.68 sites). Furthermore, both the 3- and the 7-day antibiotic regimen resulted in statistically significantly higher clinical improvements compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The present findings indicate that in patients with severe chronic periodontitis, non-surgical periodontal therapy in conjunction with a 3 or 7 days systemic administration of AMX + MET may lead to significantly greater clinical improvements compared to non-surgical therapy alone.
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| 12. |
- Cosyn, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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A 5-year prospective study on single immediate implants in the aesthetic zone
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:8, s. 702-709
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim There is a paucity of long-term data on soft tissue aesthetics of single immediate implants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the 5-year clinical and aesthetic outcome of this treatment concept. Materials and methods Twenty-two periodontally healthy patients (12 men, 10 women; mean age 50) with low risk for aesthetic complications (thick gingival biotype, intact buccal bone wall, both neighbouring teeth present) were consecutively treated with a single immediate implant in the aesthetic zone (15-25). Flapless surgery was performed and the gap between the implant and buccal bone wall was systematically filled with bovine bone particles. Implants were immediately non-functionally loaded with a screw-retained provisional crown. Cases demonstrating major alveolar process changes and/or advanced mid-facial recession (>1mm) at 3months were additionally treated with a connective tissue graft (CTG). Permanent crowns were installed at 6months. The clinical and aesthetic results at 5years were compared to those obtained at 1 year Results Seventeen patients attended the 5-year re-assessment, of whom five had been treated with a CTG for early aesthetic complications. There was one early implant failure and one complication after 1 year (porcelain chipping). Mean marginal bone loss was 0.12mm at 1 year and 0.19mm at 5years (p=0.595) with the moment of implant installation as baseline. Papilla height increased between 1 and 5years (p0.007), whereas mid-facial contour (p=0.005) and alveolar process deficiency (p=0.008) deteriorated. Mean mid-facial recession was on average 0.28mm (SD 0.48) at 1 year and 0.53mm (SD 0.53) at 5years (p=0.072) with the preoperative status as baseline. Three implants demonstrated advanced mid-facial recession (>1mm) at 5years. All three were in a central incisor position and none had been treated with a CTG. Thus, 8/17 implants showed aesthetic complications (five early and three late aesthetic complications). Implants in a lateral incisor position showed stable soft tissue levels. The pink aesthetic score was on average 12.15 at 1 year and 11.18 at 5years (p=0.030 Conclusion Single immediate implants showed high implant survival and limited marginal bone loss in the long term. However, mid-facial recession, mid-facial contour and alveolar process deficiency deteriorated after 1year. With an aesthetic complication rate of 8/17 in well-selected patients who had been treated by experienced clinicians, type I placement may not be recommended for daily practice
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| 13. |
- Cosyn, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Minimally Invasive Single Implant Treatment (MISIT) based on ridge preservation and contour augmentation in patients with a high aesthetic risk profile : one-year results
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 42:4, s. 398-405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimTo evaluate the 1-year outcome of Minimally Invasive Single Implant Treatment (M.I.S.I.T.) based on ridge preservation and contour augmentation in patients with a high aesthetic risk profile. Materials and MethodsPeriodontally healthy non-smoking patients with a failing tooth in the anterior maxilla (15-25) were selected. All were in need of a single implant and demonstrated high risk for aesthetic complications given mid-facial recession at the failing tooth and/or a buccal bone dehiscence and/or a thin-scalloped gingival biotype. Patients without mid-facial recession (NRG) received flapless tooth extraction and ridge preservation using a collagen-enriched bovine-derived xenograft, flapless installation of a bone condensing implant with variable-thread design (4-6months later), a provisional screw-retained crown and connective tissue graft (CTG) inserted in the buccal mucosa (3months later) and a permanent crown (3months later). Patients with mid-facial recession (RG) were treated similarly, yet they received a CTG at the time of ridge preservation. All patients were treated by an experienced periodontist using a microsurgical approach. Primary outcome variables included papillary and mid-facial recession. Clinical parameters, pink (PES) and white aesthetic score (WES) were considered secondary outcome variables. ResultsFifty patients (25 females, 25 males; mean age 39, range 19-81; 42 in NRG and 8 in RG) met the selection criteria and consented to the treatment. Forty-seven could be examined at 12months and all implants survived. Mean bone loss amounted to 0.48mm (range 0.00-1.80) at 12months. Papillary recession was minimal in both groups at 12months (mean0.3mm), as was mid-facial recession in the NRG (mean 0.1mm). Twelve patients in the NRG even demonstrated coronal migration of the mucosal margin following CTG and needed adaptation of the provisional crown to induce soft tissue retraction. Due to CTG at the time of ridge preservation in the RG, mid-facial soft tissue gain amounted to 0.9mm at 12months, hereby eliminating 2/3rd of the initial recession. PES and WES were favourable pointing to 10.9/14 and 8.2/10 respectively. ConclusionThis short-term prospective study offers a proof of principle of M.I.S.I.T. in patients with a high aesthetic risk profile.
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| 14. |
- Danz, Jan C., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of facial tooth movement on the periodontium in rats : a comparison between conventional and low force
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:3, s. 229-237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Bone dehiscences and gingival recession have been associated with orthodontic arch expansion. The aim of this study was to assess and compare periodontal modelling during application of two force levels. Methods: The second and third upper molars were orthodontically moved buccally with conventional or low forces for 60 or 90 days in 32 rats. Ten non-treatedanimals were used as controls. The influence of force level and time on dental, skeletal and periodontal parameters (i.e. height and thickness of gingiva and bone) was assessed on histomicrographs using a mixed linear model Results: Facial tooth position (725m, CI 379-1072m, distal root of the third molar) and maxillary skeletal width (295m, CI 168-421m) differed significantly between force groups. Despite bone apposition at the facial aspects of the moved roots, bone dehiscences were developing and bone thickness was decreasing during facial tooth movement. Development of gingival recession was scarce and in cases with extreme facial tooth movement. No remarkable differences between force levels were found for any of the periodontal parameters Conclusions: Facial tooth movement with conventional or low forces resulted in similar modelling of facial alveolar bone and gingiva
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| 15. |
- Derks, Jan, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-implant health and disease. A systematic review of current epidemiology.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 42:Suppl 16
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To develop preventive strategies addressing peri-implant diseases, a thorough understanding of the epidemiology is required. AIM: The aim was to systematically assess the scientific literature in order to evaluate the prevalence, extent and severity of peri-implant diseases. MATERIAL & METHODS: Data were extracted from identified studies. Meta-analyses for prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis were performed. The effect of function time and disease definition on the prevalence of peri-implantitis was evaluated by meta-regression analyses. Data on extent and severity of peri-implant diseases were estimated if not directly reported. RESULTS: Fifteen articles describing 11 studies were included. Case definitions for mucositis and peri-implantitis varied. The prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis ranged from 19 to 65% and from 1 to 47%, respectively. Meta-analyses estimated weighted mean prevalences of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis of 43% (CI: 32-54%) and 22% (CI: 14-30%), respectively. The meta-regression showed a positive relationship between prevalence of peri-implantitis and function time and a negative relationship between prevalence of peri-implantitis and threshold for bone loss. Extent and severity of peri-implant diseases were rarely reported. CONCLUSION: Future studies on the epidemiology of peri-implant diseases should consider (i) applying consistent case definitions and (ii) assessing random patient samples of adequate size and function time.
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| 16. |
- Derks, Jan, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-implantitis - onset and pattern of progression.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 43:4, s. 383-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While information on the prevalence of peri-implantitis is available, data describing onset and progression of the disease are limited.
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| 17. |
- Erovic Ademovski, Seida, et al.
(författare)
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The long-term effect of a zinc acetate and chlorhexidine diacetate containing mouth rinse on intra-oral halitosis-A randomized clinical trial.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 44:10, s. 1010-1019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate the long-term effects of a zinc acetate and chlorhexidine diacetate mouth rinse (Zn/CHX) on intra-oral halitosis.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six adults with intra-oral halitosis were randomized into a 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. The presence of intra-oral halitosis was evaluated at baseline, 3 and 6 months after treatment by assessment of organoleptic score (OLS) and by total volatile sulphur compounds (T-VSC), hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (MM) concentrations in exhaled air.RESULTS: A Zn/CHX mouth rinse provided significantly better control of intra-oral halitosis than a placebo mouth rinse. At 3 and 6 months, individuals rinsing with the Zn/CHX rinse presented with reductions of the OLS, T-VSC (p < .01, respectively), H2 S (p < .001), and MM (p < .01) in subjects' exhaled air. At 6 months, 68.2% of individuals using the Zn/CHX rinse experienced a 1 or 2 category improvement in OLS compared with 19.1% of placebo-treated subjects. 91% of subjects in the Zn/CHX group were categorized as being effectively treated for intra-oral halitosis (i.e. H2 S < 112 ppb), compared to 43% in the placebo group.CONCLUSION: Zn/CHX mouth rinse provides effective long-term efficacy against intra-oral halitosis, assessed both objectively and subjectively. With regular rinsing, the effect was sustained for 6 months.
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| 18. |
- Esberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-implant crevicular fluid proteome before and after adjunctive enamel matrix derivative treatment of peri-implantitis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:6, s. 669-677
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to explore which peri‐implant crevicular fluid (PICF) protein pattern is associated with the active peri‐implantitis process.Materials and methods: Peri‐implant crevicular fluid from 25 peri‐implantitis sites were subjected to proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry before and at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment, to identify associations between PICF protein pattern and implant loss, bleeding on probing, pocket depth and enamel matrix derivative (EMD) treatment.Results: Clustering of subjects based on their 3–12 months PICF proteomic profiles by principal component analysis defined two major clusters. Cluster 2 differentiated from cluster 3 by 52 proteins (R2 = 90%, Q2 = 80%) and belonging to cluster 2 was associated with implant loss (p = 0.009) and bleeding on probing (p = 0.001). Cluster 3 was associated with implant survival and EMD treatment (p = 0.044).Conclusion: Here, we demonstrate that a specific PICF proteomic profile associates with active peri‐implantitis process and implant loss.
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| 19. |
- Garaicoa-Pazmino, C., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of macrophage polarization in periodontal disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:8, s. 830-839
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To explore the M1/M2 status of macrophage polarization from healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis patient samples. Materials and methods Gingival biopsies were collected from 42 individuals (14 gingivitis, 18 periodontitis, and 10 healthy samples) receiving periodontal therapy. Histomorphology analysis was performed with haematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunofluorescence was performed using a combination of CD68 (macrophages), iNOS (M1), and CD206 (M2) in order to acquire changes in macrophage polarization at a single-cell resolution. Macrophages were quantified under microscopy using narrow wavelength filters to detect Alexa 488, Alexa 568, Alexa 633 fluorophores, and Hoechst 33342 to identify cellular DNA content. Results Gingivitis and periodontitis samples showed higher levels of macrophages compared with healthy samples. Unexpectedly, periodontitis samples displayed lower levels of macrophages dispersed in the stromal tissues compared with gingivitis samples; however, it remained higher than healthy tissues. The polarization of macrophages appears to be reduced in periodontitis and showed similar levels to those observed in healthy tissues. Conclusions Our study found that gingivitis and periodontitis differ from each other by the levels of macrophage infiltrate, but not by changes in macrophage polarization.
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| 20. |
- Giannobile, W. V., et al.
(författare)
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Biological factors involved in alveolar bone regeneration Consensus report of Working Group 1 of the 15(th) European Workshop on Periodontology on Bone Regeneration
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46, s. 6-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims To describe the biology of alveolar bone regeneration. Material and Methods Four comprehensive reviews were performed on (a) mesenchymal cells and differentiation factors leading to bone formation; (b) the critical interplay between bone resorbing and formative cells; (c) the role of osteoimmunology in the formation and maintenance of alveolar bone; and (d) the self-regenerative capacity following bone injury or tooth extraction were prepared prior to the workshop. Results and Conclusions This summary information adds to the fuller understanding of the alveolar bone regenerative response with implications to reconstructive procedures for patient oral rehabilitation. The group collectively formulated and addressed critical questions based on each of the reviews in this consensus report to advance the field. The report concludes with identified areas of future research.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Hallström, Hadar, et al.
(författare)
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Open flap debridement of peri-implantitis with or without adjunctive systemic antibiotics : A randomized clinical trial
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 44:12, s. 1285-1293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To investigate clinical, radiographic and microbiological outcome over 12months following open flap debridement of peri-implantitis with or without antibiotics. Materials and methods: Peri-implantitis was surgically treated with or without Zithromax((R)) in 19 control and 20 test individuals. Probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival inflammation (BOP), intra-oral radiographs and microbial samples were studied. Per protocol and intent-to-treat analyses were performed. Results: The mean difference (reduction) in PPD values between baseline and month 12 in the test and control groups was 1.7mm (SD1.1, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.3, p<.001) and 1.6mm (SD +/- 1.5, 95% CI: 0.8, 2,4, p<.001), respectively. Data analysis failed to show study group differences for BOP, PPD, radiographic bone level and microbial load. Successful treatment (per protocol: PPD5mm, no BOP, no suppuration and no bone loss 0.5mm) at 12months in test and control groups was 7/15 (46.7%) and 4/16 (25.0%). Bacterial load reduction was similar in study groups with a temporary reduction following treatment. Conclusions: Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis with adjunctive systemic azithromycin did not provide 1-year clinical benefits in comparison with those only receiving open flap debridement.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Hujoel, Philippe P, et al.
(författare)
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Nutrition, dental caries and periodontal disease: a narrative review.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 44:Suppl 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To provide a narrative review of the role of macro- and micronutrients in relation to dental caries, gingival bleeding and destructive periodontal disease.This review is based on systematic reviews (when available) and comparative human studies.Dental caries cannot develop without the presence of dietary fermentable carbohydrates, in particular sugar. The susceptibility to develop caries in the presence of carbohydrates may be influenced by genetics and micronutrients such as vitamin D. Gingival bleeding and destructive periodontal disease are sensitive markers to both abnormalities in macronutrient content (excessive carbohydrates or poly-unsaturated fat intake, deficient protein intake) and micronutrient intake (e.g. vitamin C and B12).Dental caries and periodontal diseases are a sensitive alarm bell for an unhealthy diet, which predicts the future onset of the diseases of civilizations.
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| 25. |
- Isehed, Catrine, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of enamel matrix derivative on the clinical and microbiological outcomes following surgical regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis : A randomized controlled trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - Hoboken, USA : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:10, s. 863-873
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This randomized clinical trial aimed at comparing radiological, clinical and microbial effects of surgical treatment of peri-implantitis alone or in combination with enamel matrix derivative (EMD).Methods: Twenty-six subjects were treated with open flap debridement and decontamination of the implant surfaces with gauze and saline preceding adjunctive EMD or no EMD. Bone level (BL) change was primary outcome and secondary outcomes were changes in pocket depth (PD), plaque, pus, bleeding and the microbiota of the peri-implant biofilm analyzed by the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray over a time period of 12 months.Results: In multivariate modelling, increased marginal BL at implant site was significantly associated with EMD, the number of osseous walls in the peri-implant bone defect and a Gram+/aerobic microbial flora, whereas reduced BL was associated with a Gram-/anaerobic microbial flora and presence of bleeding and pus, with a cross-validated predictive capacity (Q(2) ) of 36.4%. Similar, but statistically non-significant, trends were seen for BL, PD, plaque, pus and bleeding in univariate analysis.Conclusion: Adjunctive EMD to surgical treatment of peri-implantitis was associated with prevalence of Gram+/aerobic bacteria during the follow-up period and increased marginal BL 12 months after treatment.
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| 26. |
- Isehed, Catrine, et al.
(författare)
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Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis using enamel matrix derivative, an RCT : 3- and 5-year follow-up
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 45:6, s. 744-753
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes 3 and 5 years after the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis per se or in combination with an enamel matrix derivative (EMD).MATERIALS AND METHODS: At baseline, 29 patients were randomized to surgical treatment with adjunctive EMD or no EMD. One year after the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis, 25 patients remained eligible for survival analyses at the 3- and 5-year follow-up. The primary outcomes were implant loss and bone level (BL) change measured on radiographs, and the secondary outcomes, bleeding on probing, pus and plaque at each implant, were analyzed in 18 and14 patients at the 3- and 5-year follow-up, respectively.RESULTS: After exclusion of 4 patients who discontinued the study, at the 3-year follow-up, 13 (100%) implants survived in the EMD group, and 10 of 12 (83%) in the non-EMD group. At the 5-year follow-up, 11 of 13 (85%) implants in the EMD group and 9 of 12 (75%) in the non-EMD group survived. In multivariate modelling, BL changes and EMD-treatment were positively associated with implant survival. Similarly, the same trend was seen in univariate analysis.CONCLUSIONS: An exploratory analysis suggests that adjunctive EMD is positively associated with implant survival up to five years, but larger studies are needed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 27. |
- Jensen, Anne B., et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive antimicrobial susceptibility testing of a large collection of clinical strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans does not identify resistance to amoxicillin
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:8, s. 846-854
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The present study aims to determine the susceptibility of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans to amoxicillin by investigating a large collection of oral strains of diverse geographical origin.METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-seven A. actinomycetemcomitans strains were serotyped using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction, and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of amoxicillin were determined using the agar dilution method (range 0.25 to 8.0 mg/L). The plates were spot-wise inoculated with approximately 104 colony-forming units, incubated in 5% CO2 at 37 C°, and visually inspected after 24 and 48 hours. A MIC ≤ 2.00 mg/L was categorised as susceptible using EUCAST interpretative criteria for Haemophilus species.RESULTS: Amoxicillin MIC-values varied from 0.25 mg/L to 2.00 mg/L, and all tested strains, including strains previously reported as resistant, were susceptible to amoxicillin. The MIC50 was 1.00 mg/L and the MIC90 was 2.00 mg/L.CONCLUSION: Meticulous investigation of strains including isolates previously reported as resistant could not confirm the emergence of resistance to β-lactams in A. actinomycetemcomitans. Based on the present in vitro results, amoxicillin can be considered a key oral antimicrobial agent for treatment of A. actinomycetemcomitans. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 28. |
- Jepsen, Sören, et al.
(författare)
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Primary prevention of peri-implantitis: Managing peri-implant mucositis.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 42 Suppl 16
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past decades, the placement of dental implants has become a routine procedure in the oral rehabilitation of fully and partially edentulous patients. However, the number of patients/implants affected by peri-implant diseases is increasing. As there are - in contrast to periodontitis - at present no established and predictable concepts for the treatment of peri-implantitis, primary prevention is of key importance. The management of peri-implant mucositis is considered as a preventive measure for the onset of peri-implantitis. Therefore, the remit of this working group was to assess the prevalence of peri-implant diseases, as well as risks for peri-implant mucositis and to evaluate measures for the management of peri-implant mucositis.
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| 29. |
- Jepsen, S., et al.
(författare)
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Regeneration of alveolar ridge defects. Consensus report of group 4 of the 15th European Workshop on Periodontology on Bone Regeneration
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46, s. 277-286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims Bone augmentation procedures to enable dental implant placement are frequently performed. The remit of this working group was to evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy of regenerative measures for the reconstruction of alveolar ridge defects. Material and Methods The discussions were based on four systematic reviews focusing on lateral bone augmentation with implant placement at a later stage, vertical bone augmentation, reconstructive treatment of peri-implantitis associated defects, and long-term results of lateral window sinus augmentation procedures. Results A substantial body of evidence supports lateral bone augmentation prior to implant placement as a predictable procedure in order to gain sufficient ridge width for implant placement. Also, vertical ridge augmentation procedures were in many studies shown to be effective in treating deficient alveolar ridges to allow for dental implant placement. However, for both procedures the rate of associated complications was high. The adjunctive benefit of reconstructive measures for the treatment of peri-implantitis-related bone defects has only been assessed in a few RCTs. Meta-analyses demonstrated a benefit with regard to radiographic bone gain but not for clinical outcomes. Lateral window sinus floor augmentation was shown to be a reliable procedure in the long term for the partially and fully edentulous maxilla. Conclusions The evaluated bone augmentation procedures were proven to be effective for the reconstruction of alveolar ridge defects. However, some procedures are demanding and bear a higher risk for post-operative complications.
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| 30. |
- Jepsen, S, et al.
(författare)
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Regenration of alveolar ridge defects : Consensus report of group 4 of the 15th European Workshop on Periodontology on Bone Regeneration
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46, s. 277-286
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Bone augmentation procedures to enable dental implant placement are frequently performed. The remit of this working group was to evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy of regenerative measures for the reconstruction of alveolar ridge defects.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The discussions were based on four systematic reviews focusing on lateral bone augmentation with implant placement at a later stage, vertical bone augmentation, reconstructive treatment of peri-implantitis associated defects, and long-term results of lateral window sinus augmentation procedures.RESULTS: A substantial body of evidence supports lateral bone augmentation prior to implant placement as a predictable procedure in order to gain sufficient ridge width for implant placement. Also, vertical ridge augmentation procedures were in many studies shown to be effective in treating deficient alveolar ridges to allow for dental implant placement. However, for both procedures the rate of associated complications was high. The adjunctive benefit of reconstructive measures for the treatment of peri-implantitis-related bone defects has only been assessed in a few RCTs. Meta-analyses demonstrated a benefit with regard to radiographic bone gain but not for clinical outcomes. Lateral window sinus floor augmentation was shown to be a reliable procedure in the long-term for the partially and fully edentulous maxilla.CONCLUSIONS: The evaluated bone augmentation procedures were proven to be effective for the reconstruction of alveolar ridge defects. However, some procedures are demanding and bear a higher risk for postoperative complications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 31. |
- Kapferer-Seebacher, Ines, et al.
(författare)
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Periodontal manifestations of Ehlers-Danlos syndromes : a systematic review
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 44:11, s. 1088-1100
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of inherited connective tissue disorders, characterized by joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility, and tissue fragility. Periodontal EDS (pEDS) is a specific EDS subtype caused by heterozygous mutations in complement 1 subunit genes C1R and C1S, with early severe periodontitis as predominant clinical feature. We aimed to systematically assess the spectrum of periodontal abnormalities in all EDS subtypes.Materials and Methods: An electronic and manual search was conducted in three databases (Medline, LIVIVO, CENTRAL). Publications of all study designs written in English/German without date restriction evaluating periodontal features in EDS were included.Results: Thirty articles on pEDS and thirteen articles on other EDS subtypes were analysed. In pEDS, early severe periodontitis (98.4%) and gingival recession (87.1%) are the predominant features. Reports on periodontal manifestations in other EDS subtypes are rare. Described were severe gingival enlargement in dermatosparaxis EDS, and localized periodontal breakdown related to teeth with shortened roots in classical EDS (n=3, respectively).Conclusion: Early severe periodontitis is the hallmark of pEDS; there is no evidence that it is part of the clinical phenotype of other EDS subtypes. Stringent analyses of periodontal manifestations in most EDS subtypes are missing. Prospero registration number CRD42017056889.
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| 32. |
- Karlsson, Karolina, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Interventions for peri-implantitis and their effects on further bone loss: A retrospective analysis of a registry-based cohort
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:8, s. 872-879
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The aim of the present study was to assess interventions and their consequences with regard to further bone loss at sites diagnosed with peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods In 2017, records of 70 patients diagnosed with moderate/severe peri-implantitis at >= 1 implant sites 4 years earlier were obtained. Changes of marginal bone levels during the study period assessed on radiographs and predictors of disease progression were identified by Cox regression and mixed linear modelling. Patient files were analysed for professional interventions related to the treatment of peri-implantitis. Results Mean bone loss (+/- SD) at implants diagnosed with moderate/severe peri-implantitis was 1.1 +/- 2.0 mm over the observation period of 3.3 years. While non-surgical measures including submucosal and/or supra-mucosal cleaning of implants were provided to almost all patients, surgical treatment of peri-implantitis was limited to a subgroup (17 subjects). Surgically treated implant sites demonstrated a mean bone loss of 1.4 +/- 2.4 mm prior to surgical intervention, while only minor changes (0.2 +/- 1.0 mm) occurred after therapy. Clinical parameters (bleeding/suppuration on probing and probing depth) assessed at diagnosis were statistically significant predictors of disease progression. Conclusions Non-surgical procedures were insufficient to prevent further bone loss at implant sites affected by moderate/severe peri-implantitis. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis markedly diminished the progression of bone loss. Clinical assessments of bleeding on probing and probing depth at diagnosis predicted further bone loss.
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| 33. |
- Kröger, A, et al.
(författare)
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The severity of human peri-implantitis lesions correlates with the level of submucosal microbial sysbiosis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 45:12, s. 1498-1509
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To cross-sectionally analyze the submucosal microbiome of peri-implantitis (PI) lesions at different severity levels.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Microbial signatures of 45 submucosal plaque samples from untreated peri-implantitis lesions obtained from 30 non-smoking, systemically healthy subjects were assessed by 16s sequencing. Linear mixed models were used to identify taxa with differential abundance by probing depth, after correction for age, gender, and multiple samples per subject. Network analyses were performed to identify groups of taxa with mutual occurrence or exclusion. Subsequently, the effects of peri-implant probing depth on submucosal microbial dysbiosis was calculated using the microbial dysbiosis index.RESULTS: In total, we identified 337 different taxa in the submucosal microbiome of peri-implantitis. Total abundance of 12 taxa correlated significantly with increasing probing depth; a significant relationship with lower probing depth was found for 16 taxa. Network analysis identified two mutually exclusive complexes associated with shallow pockets and deeper pockets, respectively. Deeper peri-implant pockets were associated with significantly increased dysbiosis.CONCLUSION: Increases in peri-implant pocket depth are associated with substantial changes in the submucosal microbiome and increasing levels of dysbiosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 34. |
- Kröger, A, et al.
(författare)
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The severity of human peri-implantitis lesions correlates with the level of submucosal microbial sysbiosis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 45:12, s. 1498-1509
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To cross-sectionally analyze the submucosal microbiome of peri-implantitis (PI) lesions at different severity levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Microbial signatures of 45 submucosal plaque samples from untreated peri-implantitis lesions obtained from 30 non-smoking, systemically healthy subjects were assessed by 16s sequencing. Linear mixed models were used to identify taxa with differential abundance by probing depth, after correction for age, gender, and multiple samples per subject. Network analyses were performed to identify groups of taxa with mutual occurrence or exclusion. Subsequently, the effects of peri-implant probing depth on submucosal microbial dysbiosis was calculated using the microbial dysbiosis index. RESULTS: In total, we identified 337 different taxa in the submucosal microbiome of peri-implantitis. Total abundance of 12 taxa correlated significantly with increasing probing depth; a significant relationship with lower probing depth was found for 16 taxa. Network analysis identified twomutually exclusive complexes associated with shallow pockets and deeper pockets, respectively. Deeper peri-implant pockets were associated with significantly increased dysbiosis. CONCLUSION: Increases in peri-implant pocket depth are associated with substantial changes in the submucosal microbiome and increasing levels of dysbiosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Le Roch, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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European survey on criteria of aesthetics for periodontal evaluation: The ESCAPE study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:11, s. 1116-1123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Objective: The ESCAPE multicentre survey was designed to (a) compare the agreement of three relevant aesthetic scoring systems among different centres, and (b) evaluate the reproducibility of each question of the questionnaires. Materials and Methods: EFP centres (n=14) were involved in an e-survey. Forty-two participants (28 teachers, 14 postgraduate students) were asked to score the one-year aesthetic outcomes of photographs using the Before–After Scoring System (BASS), the Pink Esthetic Score (PES) and the Root coverage Esthetic Score (RES). Mean values of kappa statistics performed on each question were provided to resume global agreement of each method. Results: Between teachers, a difference of kappa≥0.41 (p=.01) was found for BASS (75%) and PES (57%). Similarly, RES (84%) and PES (57%) were different (p<.001). No difference was found between BASS (75%) and RES (84%). No difference was found between students, whatever the scoring system. Questions of each scoring system showed differences in their reproducibility. Conclusions: The outcomes of this study indicate that BASS and RES scoring systems are reproducible tools to evaluate aesthetic after root coverage therapies between different centres. Among the various variables, lack of scar, degree of root coverage, colour match and gingival margin that follows the CEJ show the best reliability.
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| 37. |
- Lerner, Ulf H, et al.
(författare)
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The critical interplay between bone resorbing and bone forming cells
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:Suppl 21, s. 33-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim In this article, the interplay between bone resorbing and bone forming cells is reviewed. Method This review examines the comprehensive literature on the interaction between bone resorption and bone formation. Results Coupling between bone resorption and bone formation refers to the process within basic multicellular units, in which osteoclastic bone resorption is met by the differentiation of osteoblasts and their bone forming activity. There are many possible signalling molecules that contribute to coupling at the asynchronously working remodelling sites throughout our skeleton. These include growth factors released from the bone matrix during bone resorption, soluble and membrane products of the osteoclasts and their precursors and signals from osteocytes. Conclusions In this review, we describe the potential roles of a number of these factors, whose interactions are essential for a tight control of coupling within individual remodelling units, in order to control skeletal mass. Both pre-clinical evidence and clinical evidence pinpoint that molecules in the WNT signalling pathway could be promising bone augmentation therapeutic targets. Regarding oral implications, there is support, from preclinical studies in rats, that anti-sclerostin antibodies can restore alveolar bone mass.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Lundmark, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Mucin 4 and matrix metalloproteinase 7 as novel salivary biomarkers for periodontitis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 44:3, s. 247-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by irreversible destruction of tooth-supporting tissue including alveolar bone. We recently reported mucin 4 ( MUC4) and matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) as highly associated with periodontitis in gingival tissue biopsies. The aim of this study was to further investigate the levels of MUC4 and MMP7 in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples of patients with periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Saliva and GCF samples were collected from periodontitis patients and healthy controls. The levels of MUC4, MMP7, and total protein concentrations were analysed using ELISA or Bradford assay. Results: MUC4 levels were significantly lower in saliva and GCF from periodontitis patients relative to healthy controls. MMP7 levels were significantly higher in saliva and GCF from periodontitis patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that MUC4 was significantly associated with periodontitis after adjusting for age and smoking habits and, moreover, that the combination of MUC4 and MMP7 accurately discriminated periodontitis from healthy controls. Conclusions: MUC4 and MMP7 may be utilized as possible novel biomarkers for periodontitis.
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| 40. |
- Madianos, Phoebus, et al.
(författare)
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EFP Delphi study on the trends in Periodontology and Periodontics in Europe for the year 2025
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:6, s. 472-481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim was to assess the potential trends in Periodontology and Periodontics in Europe that might be anticipated by the year 2025, using the Delphi method. Material and Methods: The expert opinion of 120 experts was sought through the use of an open-ended questionnaire, developed by an advisory group, containing 40 questions concerning the various trends in periodontology Results: The experts (113 responders) expect a stabilization of the prevalence of periodontitis, both for the chronic as well as the aggressive cases, but an increase in implant-related diseases up to the year 2025. Concurrently, the importance of implants is seen to be increasing. They foresee an increased demand for postgraduate periodontology and implantology training. This is mirrored in an increase in publications for implant dentistry and increase in demand and need for training. Concerning the patients, better-informed individuals seeking more routine checkups are expected Conclusion: A continued need for specialized periodontists, but also well trained dental practitioners is foreseen for next decade in Europe. Apart from periodontology they will be increasingly exposed to and trained in implant dentistry
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| 41. |
- Miremadi, S. Reza, et al.
(författare)
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A randomized controlled trial comparing surgical and non-surgical periodontal therapy : a 3-year clinical and cost-effectiveness analysis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 42:8, s. 748-755
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimTo compare immediate surgery to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of advanced periodontitis focusing on the prevalence of residual pockets after treatment and cost-effectiveness (1); to elucidate the adjunctive effects of azithromycin in a second-treatment phase (2) up to 36months. Materials and MethodsThirty-nine patients (18 males, 21 females; mean age: 54.6) received oral hygiene instructions and were randomly allocated to surgery (n=19) or SRP (n=20). Patients with residual pockets (6mm) at 6months received re-debridement of these sites and systemic azithromycin. Clinical measurements were performed at 12, 24 and 36months whereby residual pockets underwent re-debridement. Patients were evaluated in terms of clinical response parameters and cost-effectiveness. Chair-time was used to assess the financial impact of treatment. ResultsOnly six patients in the surgery group required additional treatment at 6months, whereas 14 patients in the SRP underwent this therapy. Both treatment arms were equally effective in terms of clinical outcome demonstrating <2% residual pockets at 36months. Surgery imposed an extra 746 Euro on the patient up to 6months compared to SRP. At 36months, 69 Euro of this amount could be offset due to the lower need for re-treatment during maintenance phase. ConclusionsSurgery was ultimately associated with a significantly lower need for re-treatment during supportive care, however, at significantly higher costs over the 3years.
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| 42. |
- Miron, Richard J., et al.
(författare)
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Twenty years of enamel matrix derivative : the past, the present and the future
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:8, s. 668-683
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background On June 5th, 2015 at Europerio 8, a group of leading experts were gathered to discuss what has now been 20years of documented evidence supporting the clinical use of enamel matrix derivative (EMD). Original experiments led by Lars Hammarstrom demonstrated that enamel matrix proteins could serve as key regenerative proteins capable of promoting periodontal regeneration including new cementum, with functionally oriented inserting new periodontal ligament fibres, and new alveolar bone formation. This pioneering work and vision by Lars Hammarstrom has paved the way to an enormous amount of publications related to its biological basis and clinical use. Twenty years later, it is clear that all these studies have greatly contributed to our understanding of how biologics can act as mediators for periodontal regeneration and have provided additional clinical means to support tissue regeneration of the periodontium. Aims This review article aims to: (1) provide the biological background necessary to understand the rational for the use of EMD for periodontal regeneration, (2) present animal and human histological evidence of periodontal regeneration following EMD application, (3) provide clinically relevant indications for the use of EMD and (4) discuss future avenues of research including key early findings leading to the development of Osteogain, a new carrier system for EMD specifically developed with better protein adsorption to bone grafting materials
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| 43. |
- Nibali, Luigi, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of supportive periodontal therapy for molars treated with furcation tunnelling
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:12, s. 1228-1235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Degree III furcation involvement (FI) represents a risk of molar tooth loss. A limited number of studies have assessed the survival of molars with degree III FI treated with tunnelling procedures. AIMS: The aim of the present study was to assess periodontal disease progression and tooth loss in a cohort of patients with degree III FI treated with tunnelling by two periodontists in a private practice setting in the UK and in a hospital setting in Sweden. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 102 consecutive surgically-created tunnelled molars in 62 periodontitis patients and followed up at least 5 years later (average 7 years and 9 months follow-up). RESULTS: Overall tooth loss for tunnelled molars was 29.4%. Multivariate analysis revealed statistically significant associations with tooth loss for 'irregular supportive periodontal therapy (SPT)' (p=0.039) and age (p=0.037). Tooth loss occurred only in the Swedish sample, not undergoing regular SPT. CONCLUSION: A high rate of tooth loss was observed following tunnelling surgery, mainly in patients not undergoing regular supportive therapy. Clinical studies should be carried out to compare tunnelling with other treatment options for advanced furcation involvement in patients on SPT. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 44. |
- Nilsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal evaluation of periodontitis and development of cognitive decline among older adults.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 45:10, s. 1142-1149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: to determine whether having periodontitis is associated with cognitive decline among older adults. Material and Methods: A prospective population study of older adults, Swedish National Study on Ageing and Care, (SNAC) provided repeated registrations of cognitive functions. Cognitive decline was defined as ≥ 3-points deterioration from a predetermined level at baseline, using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Between 2001 and 2003, 715 individuals had a medical as well as a clinical and radiographic dental examination. The individuals were re-examined after 6 years. Periodontitis was defined as ≥ 4mm bone loss at ≥ 30 % of tooth sites. Social variables were captured from questionnaires. Results: The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association between prevalence of periodontitis and cognitive decline after adjustments of confounding factors of importance. Conclusions: A history of periodontitis may be of importance for cognitive functions among older adults.
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| 45. |
- Nilsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal evaluation of periodontitis and tooth loss among older adults
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:10, s. 1041-1049
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate pattern of change in periodontal variables and tooth loss in a twelve-year follow-up study of older adults living in Sweden.METHODS: In a prospective population study of older adults, a clinical examination and radiographic dental examination were performed at baseline (2001-2003) and after 12 years (2013-2015). In 375 individuals, the number and proportion of sites with a distance ≥4 mm and ≥5 mm from cemento-enamel junction to the bone level, the number and proportion of teeth with pockets ≥5 mm and number of teeth lost were calculated. Dental caries was registered. Periodontitis was defined as having ≥2 sites with ≥5 mm distance from cemento-enamel junction to the marginal bone level and ≥1 tooth with pockets ≥5 mm.RESULTS: A diagnosis of periodontitis was evident in 39% of the individuals, and 23% of the individuals lost ≥3 teeth over the study period. The proportion of sites with ≥4 mm and ≥5 mm bone loss increased with age, while the proportion of teeth with pockets remained stable. Periodontitis was the strongest predictor for losing ≥3 teeth, OR 2.9 (p < .001) in the final model.CONCLUSIONS: Periodontitis is a risk factor for future tooth loss among older adults.
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| 46. |
- Ohshima, Mitsuhiro, et al.
(författare)
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Fibroblast VEGF-receptor 1 expression as molecular target in periodontitis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:2, s. 128-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimDegradation of extracellular matrices is an integral part in periodontitis. For antagonizing this pathophysiological mechanism, we aimed at identifying gene expression profiles in disease progression contributing periodontitis-associated fibroblasts (PAFs) versus normal gingival fibroblasts to determine their molecular repertoire, and exploit it for therapeutic intervention. Materials and MethodsApplying an exploratory analysis using a small number of microarrays in combination with a three dimensional (3D) invitro culture model that incorporates some aspects of periodontitis, PAFs were initially characterized by gene-expression analyses, followed by targeted gene down-regulation and pharmacological intervention in vitro. Further, immunohistochemistry was applied for phosphorylation analyses in tissue specimens. ResultsPAFs were characterized by 42 genes being commonly up-regulated >1.5-fold, and by five genes that were concordantly down-regulated (<0.7-fold). Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-receptor 1 (Flt-1) was highly enhanced, and was thus further explored in invitro culture models of periodontal fibroblasts without accounting for the microbiome. Phosphorylation of the VEGF-receptor 1 was enhanced in PAFs. Receptor inhibition by a specific VEGF-receptor inhibitor or intrinsic down-regulation by RNAi of the VEGF-receptor kinase in 3D gel cultures resulted in significant reduction in collagen degradation associated with increased tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase expression, suggesting that Flt-1 may contribute to periodontitis. ConclusionBased on the finding that VEGF-receptor kinase inhibition impaired collagen degradation pathways, Flt-1 may represent a candidate for therapeutic approaches in periodontitis.
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| 47. |
- Patomella, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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PR156 – Dietary intake in relation to oral health in adults with severe periodontitis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 45:S19, s. 172-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & Aim: Periodontitis is a chronic disease which can result in progressive loss of the teeth's supportive tissue. About 40% of the world's population is affected by periodontitis of which approximately 10% have a severe form. Periodontitis can affect the dietary intake for diseased individuals due to mobile teeth that making it painful to eat or by missing teeth. The aim of the study was to investigate self-assessed oral health in relation to dietary intake in adult individuals with severe periodontitis treated in specialist-dental care. The aim was also to study self-assessed oral health and dietary intake in relation to the number of teeth, age and sex.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study including 62 participants. The material was collected via questionnaires regarding background and the areas of oral health and dietary intake. Participants were recruited via a special-dental care clinic in Sweden during September 2017. Referred patients diagnosed with severe periodontitis were invited to participate in the study and the participation was confidential. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and Mann Whitney U test were used. Alpha was set at p<0.05.Results: Half of the participants reported that their oral health condition constituted an obstacle to eating the foods they wanted. Participants who had ≥20 teeth ate fruits and berries, red meat, fish and poultry more often than participants with fewer teeth. Participants with ≤19 teeth assessed their chewing and biting ability as poorer than individuals with ≥20 teeth.Conclusion: The result shows that a large proportion of the participants with periodontitis experience that their oral health affects dietary intake . Multidisciplinary collaboration between dental care and dietitian clinic could increase the ability to prevent and/or treat further ill-health in individuals with periodontitis that adversely affects the energy and nutritional intake due to oral health condition.Disclosure: No significant relationships.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Radochova, Vladimira, et al.
(författare)
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Association between periodontal disease and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 46:2, s. 189-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Periodontal disease is a possible contributing factor to preterm delivery. The aim of this study was to compare the periodontal status of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) and women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies.Seventy-eight women with PPROM at gestational ages between 24+0 and 36+6 weeks and 77 healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies, matched for gestational age at sampling without preterm birth, were included in this study. All women underwent evaluation of periodontal and oral hygiene status.Women with PPROM had higher gingival and plaque indexes in crude analysis (gingival index: median 0.80 vs. 0.20; p < 0.0001; plaque index: median 0.80 vs. 0.10; p < 0.0001), even after adjustment for smoking status (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001). Mean clinical attachment loss and probing pocket depth values were higher in women with PPROM in the crude analysis (clinical attachment loss: median 2.3 mm vs. 1.8 mm; p < 0.0001; probing pocket depth: median 2.3 mm vs. 1.8; p < 0.0001), as well as after adjustment for smoking status (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001).Pregnant women with PPROM residing in central Europe had worse periodontal status than women with uncomplicated pregnancies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 50. |
- Rathnayake, N, et al.
(författare)
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Saliva and plasma levels of cardiac-related biomarkers in post-myocardial infarction patients.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 44:7, s. 692-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To relate cardiac biomarkers, such as cystatin C and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in saliva to myocardial infarction (MI) and to periodontal status, and to investigate the relation between salivary and plasma cardiac biomarkers. Materials and Methods: Two hundred patients with MI admitted to coronary care units and 200 matched controls without MI were included. Dental examination and collection of blood and saliva samples was performed 6–10 weeks after the MI for patients and in close proximity thereafter for controls. Analysing methods: ARCHITECT i4000SR, Immulite 2000 XPi or ELISA. Results: The mean age was 62 ± 8 years and 84% were male. Total probing pocket depth, fibrinogen, white blood cell counts and HbA1c were higher in patients than controls. GDF-15 levels correlated with most of the included clinical variables in both study groups. No correlation was found between plasma and saliva levels of cystatin C or GDF-15. Conclusion: Salivary cystatin C and GDF-15 could not differentiate between MI patients and controls.
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