| 1. |
- Agostini, Marco, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Designing a Safe Electrolyte Enabling Long‐Life Li/S Batteries
- 2019
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 12:18, s. 4176-4184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lithium–sulfur (Li/S) batteries suffer from “shuttle” reactions in which soluble polysulfide species continuously migrate to and from the Li metal anode. As a consequence, the loss of active material and reactions at the surface of Li limit the practical applications of Li/S batteries. LiNO3 has been proposed as an electrolyte additive to reduce the shuttle reactions by aiding the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at the Li metal, limiting polysulfide shuttling. However, LiNO3 is continuously consumed during cycling, especially at low current rates. Therefore, the Li/S battery cycle life is limited by the LiNO3 concentration in the electrolyte. In this work, an ionic liquid (IL) [N-methyl-(n-butyl)pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide] was used as an additive to enable longer cycle life of Li/S batteries. By tuning the IL concentration, an enhanced stability of the SEI and lower flammability of the solutions were demonstrated, that is, higher safety of the battery. The Li/S cell built with a high sulfur mass loading (4 mg cm−2) and containing the IL-based electrolyte demonstrated a stable capacity of 600 mAh g−1 for more than double the number of cycles of a cell containing LiNO3 additive.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Beheshtinia, Mohammad Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Energy‐efficient and sustainable supply chain in the manufacturing industry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Energy Science & Engineering. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2050-0505. ; 11:1, s. 357-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims at reducing energy consumption in supply chain networks by providing optimal integrated production and transportation scheduling. The considered supply chain consists of one main manufacturing center, multiple production units (i.e., suppliers), and multiple heterogeneous vehicles as the transportation fleet. To schedule this complex supply chain network in an energy-efficient way, several decisions should be made concerning the assignment of orders to suppliers and determining their production sequence, splitting orders, assigning orders to vehicles, and assigning delivery priority to orders. To cope with the problem, a mixed-integer linear programming model is presented. Due to the complexity of the problem, a novel development of the genetic algorithm named the Multiple Reference Group Genetic Algorithm (MRGGA) is also proposed. Four objectives are considered to be optimized to meet both suitability and energy-efficiency aspects in the supply chain network. These optimization objectives are to minimize the total orders' delivery times to the manufacturing center, fuel consumption by the vehicles, energy consumption at supplies, and maximize orders' quality. To analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm, a real case and a set of generated instances are solved. The results obtained by the proposed algorithm are compared with an existing genetic algorithm in the literature. Moreover, the results are also compared with the optimal solutions obtained from the mathematical model for small-size problems. The results of the comparisons show the efficiency of the proposed MRGGA in finding energy-efficient solutions for the considered supply chain network.
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| 4. |
- Borah, Dipankar, et al.
(författare)
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A new begonia species from arunachal pradesh, and some notes on begonia scintillans
- 2021
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Ingår i: Taiwania. - 0372-333X. ; 66:4, s. 450-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new species, Begonia pasighatensis D.Borah, Taram & Wahlsteen (Begoniaceae) is described and illustrated. It is easily distinguished from all other species in the section Platycentrum by its swollen, spherical ovary with two wings reduced to ridges and a long, pointing upper wing. The new species belongs to Begonia section Platycentrum and is distributed in southern Arunachal Pradesh in East India. We also report a finding of the rare species Begonia scintillans in the Namdapha National Park. This species is similar to B. thomsonii but differs in number of styles and color of the indumentum. Both species are illustrated by photographs and a distribution map is provided.
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| 5. |
- Bosch-Sijtsema, Petra, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Modellorienterat integrerat arbetssätt för bättre samverkan i komplexa projekt
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektet har avsett att tydliggöra nyttan, behovet och förutsättningar av att an-vända samordningsmodeller och ett integrerat arbetssätt. Studien syftade därmed till att ta fram en kunskapsbas genom att fördjupat undersöka integrerat arbetssätt. Kunskapsbasen har hämtats från en översyn av litteraturen, intervjuer med olika aktörer, en mindre enkät inom Trafikverket samt en workshop med leverantörer och beställaren om modellen i centrum. Projektet har kommit fram med en kartläggning och identifiering av nyttor för modell-orienterad projektering och integrerat arbetssätt. Studien har även kartlagt olika förutsättningar inom teknik, organisation, process och juridik som behövs för att kunna arbeta med ett modellorienterat och integrerat arbetssätt. Studien avslutas med att lista tekniska, organisatoriska, processuella och juridiska rekommendationer för branschen och Trafikverket, för att möjliggöra en mer framgångsrik implementering av ett modell- och processorienterat integrerat arbetssätt.
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| 6. |
- Case, Laura K., et al.
(författare)
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Innocuous pressure sensation requires A-type afferents but not functional Rho Iota Epsilon Zeta Omicron 2 channels in humans
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Research. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sensation of pressure allows us to feel sustained compression and body strain. While our understanding of cutaneous touch has grown significantly in recent years, how deep tissue sensations are detected remains less clear. Here, we use quantitative sensory evaluations of patients with rare sensory disorders, as well as nerve blocks in typical individuals, to probe the neural and genetic mechanisms for detecting non-painful pressure. We show that the ability to perceive innocuous pressures is lost when myelinated fiber function is experimentally blocked in healthy volunteers and that two patients lacking A beta fibers are strikingly unable to feel innocuous pressures at all. We find that seven individuals with inherited mutations in the mechanoreceptor PIEZO2 gene, who have major deficits in touch and proprioception, are nearly as good at sensing pressure as healthy control subjects. Together, these data support a role for A beta afferents in pressure sensation and suggest the existence of an unknown molecular pathway for its detection. The mechanisms underlying deep pressure sensing are not fully understood. Here the authors demonstrate that while two individuals lacking A beta fibers demonstrate impaired deep pressure sensing, seven individuals with PIEZO2 loss of function mutations display normal deep pressure responses.
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| 7. |
- Cavaliere, Mauro, 1963-
(författare)
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As Coordenadas da Viagem no Tempo : Uma contribuição para a teoria da ficção histórica baseada em alguns textos portugueses dos séculos XVI, XIX e XX
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Portugal, as in other countries, a common characteristic of many of the novels published in the past twenty years is the recourse to a repertoire of literary devices that recall those of the historical novel. On the basis of critical studies published in the 1990’s, and in particular Fernández Prieto’s Poética de la Novela Histórica, this thesis undertakes a study of the Portuguese historical novel with the aim of defining, to the extent possible, the limits of this literary genre, and to examine in detail some of its intrinsic—and pertinent—semantic and pragmatic traits: the setting of a fictional narrative in the past, theintroduction of historical persons and events and, not the least, the transtextual relationship between the fictional and the historiographic text. Special attention is given to some of the more innovative forms of the contemporary historical novel, to highlight how by emphasising certain generic traits —that refer to the reader’s acquired knowledge— the author can compensate for the absence of others. Despite the inherent ”heterodoxy”, this device justifies grouping these novels under the general heading of the historical novel.The thesis explores the analogies between some of these innovative narrative strategies of the contemporary historical novel with transtextual practices characteristic of literature predating the 19th Century and by which a certain ”historical knowledge” is requisite for decoding the text. The thesis also establishes a set of generic traits that the historical novel shares with epic poetry. In light of theseanalogies, the thesis proposes a reading of Os Lusíadas as a historical poem. With this the author hopes to provide a contribution to a theory of historical fiction, understood as a genre encompassing, in addition to the novel, all forms of fictionalisation that rely on the historical discourse.© Mauro Cavaliere ISBN 91-7265-442-2
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| 8. |
- Chen, Hua, et al.
(författare)
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Bereavement and Prognosis in Heart Failure : A Swedish Cohort Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: JACC. Heart failure. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-1779 .- 2213-1787. ; 10:10, s. 753-764
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The role of stress in the prognosis of heart failure (HF) is unclear. This study investigated whether the death of a close family member, a severe source of stress, is associated with mortality in HF.Objectives: This study assessed whether the death of a close family member is associated with mortality in HF.Methods: Patients from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry during 2000-2018 and/or in the Swedish Patient Register with a primary diagnosis of HF during 1987-2018 (N = 490,527) were included in this study. Information was obtained on death of family members (children, partner, grandchildren, siblings, and parents), mortality, sociodemographic variables, and health-related factors from several population-based registers. The association between bereavement and mortality was analyzed by using Poisson regression.Results: Loss of a family member was associated with an increased risk of dying (adjusted relative risk: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.27-1.30). The association was present not only in case of the family member's cardiovascular deaths and other natural deaths but also in case of unnatural deaths. The risk was higher for 2 losses than for 1 loss and highest in the first week after the loss. The association between bereavement and an increased mortality risk was observed for the death of a child, spouse/partner, grandchild, and sibling but not of a parent.Conclusions: Death of a family member was associated with an increased risk of mortality among patients with HF. Further studies are needed to investigate whether less severe sources of stress can also contribute to poor prognosis in HF and to explore the mechanisms underlying this association.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Chen, Ming, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive Channel Prediction Based on Polynomial Phase Signals
- 2008
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Ingår i: 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP; Las Vegas, NV; United States; 31 March 2008 through 4 April 2008. - 1520-6149. - 9781424414840 ; , s. 2881-2884
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motivated by recently published physics based scattering SISO and MIMO channel models, a new adaptivechannel prediction using Kalman filter based on non-stationary polynomial phase signals with time-varying amplitudes is proposed. To mitigate the influence of the time-varying amplitudes on parameter estimation, an iterative estimation using the Non-linear instantaneous LS criterion is proposed, where the number of signal components and model orders are known. The new predictoroutperforms the classical Linear Prediction and stationarysinusoidal modeling based prediction in Monte Carlo simulations.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Duwig, Christophe, et al.
(författare)
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Large Eddy Simulation of turbulent combustion in a stagnation point reverse flow combustor using detailed chemistry
- 2014
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7153 .- 0016-2361. ; 123, s. 256-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For meeting stringent emission restrictions, a modern solution is to operate in or close to the flameless mode. It implies a copious dilution of the reactants with vitiated gas resulting in low oxidant or fuel concentration and consequently low volumetric heat-release rate. On the contrary to traditional flames where heat release is occurring in very thin fronts, the flameless operation lies in the distributed reaction regime. Flameless operation is therefore associated with complex and non-linear interaction between mixing and chemical reactions. In this framework, this paper investigates turbulent combustion in a stagnation point reverse flow combustor and presents one of the first studies combining Large Eddy Simulation and detailed chemistry for capturing the reaction and flow dynamics during flameless combustion. The paper reports a comprehensive sensitivity analysis where the effects of the numerical discretization grid, of the chemical mechanism, of the operation (premixed vs. non-premixed) and of the heat-losses at the walls are studied and compared. Further, the simulation results are compared with experimental data from the literature, giving confidence in the quality of the predictions. The reaction and flow dynamics are extracted from the results using modal analysis, showing rotational and helical structures. Finally, the distribution of intermediate species in the reaction layer is investigated bringing some new insights into the flameless combustion process and providing recommendations for further experimental investigations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 14. |
- Fan, H. W., et al.
(författare)
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Different moisture regimes during the last 150 years inferred from a tree-ring delta O-18 network over the transitional zone of the Asian summer monsoon
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Hydrology. - 0022-1694. ; 613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and Indian summer monsoon (ISM) are two interactive climate systems dominating the moisture variability of Monsoon Asia. However, ISM-EASM interactions and their effects on regional moisture dynamics remain unclear. This study investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of monsoon-related hydroclimate variability by establishing a new tree-ring oxygen isotope ratio (delta O-18(tree)) network of eight delta O-18(tree) records covering the last 150 years in southern China, which differs from previous studies that used data from individual sites. The delta O-18(tree) chronologies were found to be sensitive to regional hydroclimatic changes during the monsoon season. The delta O-18(tree) network indicated an east-west clustering pattern in the ISM-EASM transitional zone, which demonstrates an asynchrony in d18Otree variability in the west and east of this region. Regional variability of the west and east delta O-18(tree) modes reflected the different moisture signals, as indicated by their significant correlations with modern observations and paleo-delta O-18 records in disparate upstream regions of moisture transport (the Indochina Peninsula and Southeast China). This finding was confirmed by the east-west distinct pattern of spatial isotopic depletion of monsoon rainfall that originates from coastal areas of tropical oceans (Bay of Bengal and South China Sea) to the study area, as well as the consistent present-day pattern of atmospheric vapor transport during the monsoon season. In addition, the west and east modes exhibited stronger associations with ISM variability, whereas the east-west delta O-18(tree) gradient captured the EASM-related hydroclimatic signal, suggesting that summer moisture variability in the ISM-EASM transitional zone was regulated more by ISM than by EASM during the last 150 years. The relationships between delta O-18(tree) and large-scale ocean-atmosphere interaction modes revealed that the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dominantly modulates delta O-18(tree) variability across southern China.
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| 15. |
- Gao, Jizong
(författare)
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The Entheses of the Medial Meniscns and Ligaments of the Knee Joint : Descriptive and Experimental Studies
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Meniscal injuries are common in sports. Surgical removal of the meniscus to relieve symptoms is associated with a high risk for late knee joint osteoarthrosis and pain. Meniscal repair or replacement has therefore been advocated. In meniscal replacement procedures proper fixation of the substitute to bone is decisive to guarantee normal meniscal load transmitting function and prevention of osteoarthrosis. Secure fixation of the graft is also essential for the success of ligament reconstruction. Thus, this thesis concentrates on exploration of normal morphology of the insertions of the medial meniscus and other knee ligaments, their ultimate strength and failure mode, and finally the capacity of the meniscal insertion for repair and reconstruction in a rabbit animal model.Extreme mechanical demands are posed on the insertion which connects highly loaded and mobile ligamentous tissue to bone. The abrupt change in tissue stiffness in the insertion is made more gradual by interposition of uncalcified and calcified fibrocartilage tissues of intermediate stiffness between the soft ligament and the hard bone. The thickness of calcified fibrocartilage in an insertion seems to be related to the amount of bending at this site. The interface between calcified fibrocartilage and bone is irregular thereby increasing the contact area between these 2 mechanically different tissues and their resistance to separation; its configuration is individual in each ligament and seems adapted to the loads to which the insertion is subjected. During mechanical testing failures through insertional structures were rare, which confirmed the effectiveness of this tissue configuration. Presence of nerve fibres in meniscal insertional structures suggests sensory function beside the mechanical ones. Hence, all of these specific features need to be reestablished after a reconstructive procedure to ensure adequate insertional function.Transection of meniscal insertions without refixation resulted in repair which after 12 weeks showed tissue differentiation and maturation according to local loading conditions. The repair tissue in the anterior insertion which is mainly loaded in tension acquired ligament-like appearance; in the posterior insertion, which is subjected to compressive, shear and tensile loading, fibrocartilage-like tissue had formed. Calcified and uncalcified fibrocartilages mimicing insertional tissue formed after refixation of the insertion into a bone channel, but a nonnal collagen matrix, interface to bone and mechanical strength did not reestablish.A meniscal insertion healed in prolongated position after transection, and in a case with refixation, it was found partially pulled out. This resulted in both instances in a displacement of the meniscus to the joint periphery and signs for osteoarthrosis similar to what has been found after removal of the meniscus. Thus, despite some capacity of the repair tissue to differenciate and mature to insertionspecific tissue after transection or reconstruction a normal load transmission function of the meniscus probably did not reestablish, and osteoarthrosis was common. Further studies are necessary to improve the fixation of meniscal or ligament substitutes to bone.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Garcia de la Yedra, Aitor, et al.
(författare)
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Defect strategies in Nickel Superalloys weld using active thermography
- 2014
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Ingår i: 12th International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography, 7-11/7 Bordeaux. ; , s. 1-9
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a result of extreme operation conditions in gas turbines, high resistance materials with excellent behaviour at high temperature are required. Alloys, such as MarM-247 nickel based superalloy, with excellent mechanical properties at very high temperature (even at 85 % of their melting point) are being used in these applications. This extraordinary behaviour is mainly due to the presence of a strengthening phase (γ’) with the following chemical composition: Ni3(Al, Ti). However, during welding these materials are susceptible to cracking and this is why weld inspections become crucial. In this work different strategies for defect detection in welds are introduced, all of them based on active thermography. The work covers aspects such as different excitation and data evaluation strategies.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Habtewolde Eyakem, Abiy
(författare)
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Pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic aspects of drug-drug interactions between antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis drugs in Ethiopian patients : implication for optimization of TB-HIV co-treatment
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- TB and HIV are immuno-pathologically interacting epidemic infectious diseases affecting the lives of millions globally & sub-Saharan African region accounts the highest burden of both diseases. Although effective therapies are available for the management of each, TB-HIV co-treatment has faced challenges mainly due to drug-drug interactions & overlapping drug toxicities. To overcome these, efavirenz (EFV) based highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the preferred regimen while rifampicin (RIF) based anti-TB treatment regimen is a choice to treat TB-HIV co-infection in resource-limited settings. RIF is a known enzyme & drug transporter inducer and/or inhibitor. The dose of EFV to be used in the presence of RIF is, however, controversial. This thesis is primarily carried out to investigate the pharmacogenetic and pharmacokinetic aspect of drug-drug interaction between RIF & EFV aiming to optimize the dose of EFV to be used in TB-HIV co-infected Ethiopian patients. This study was designed to be carried out in two sub-Saharan African countries (Ethiopia and Tanzania), owning to the heterogeneity of the region genetically and culturally. This thesis focuses on the Ethiopian population. The thesis was conducted by prospectively recruiting cohort of HIV infected individuals without TB (Arm 1; N = 285) in parallel to another cohort of HIV co-infected with active TB (Arm 2; N = 196). All study participants were adults with baseline CD4 count less than 200 cells per mm3 and were followed for a year. At baseline and follow up periods, clinical chemistry (liver and kidney function tests), hematological parameters (complete and differential blood cell counts) and HAART outcome monitoring (CD4 counts and HIV RNA viral load) were done. In addition, genotyping for CYP2B6*6, CYP3A5 (*3, *6, *7), UGT2B7*2, NAT2, ABCB1 (3435 C > T & 3842 A > G) & SLCO1B1 (*1b & *5) were also done. Pharmacokinetic variables such as plasma/intracellular concentrations of EFV, 8-hydroxyefavirenz (major metabolite) & metabolic ratio were determined at weeks 4 and/or 16, 16±1h post-dose. Besides, cholesterol, 4β-hydroxy-cholesterol (biomarker for CYP3A activity) & metabolic ratio at weeks 0, 4, 16 & 48 were also determined to investigate time-dependent effect of EFV on CYP3A enzyme. Socio-demographic factors (Age, sex, baseline body weight and BMI) were also recorded. This thesis reports paradoxical increase in plasma/intracellular EFV concentrations by RIF co-therapy; coherent to this is improved immunological outcomes among individuals co-treated for TB and HIV with comparable virologic success to HAART than those without RIF co-treatment. The thesis also shows wide between-subject variability in the long-term auto-induction by EFV based on CYP2B6 genotype. Between & within-subject variability in plasma EFV concentration and immunological outcome are shown to be influenced by RIF co-therapy, CYP2B6 genotype and baseline body weight. Besides, the thesis demonstrates the influence of CYP2B6 genotype on CYP3A autoinduction by EFV in a gene-dose dependent manner, CYP2B6 (*6/*6 > *1/*6 > *1/*1). Furthermore, the thesis reveals the importance of differences in ethnicity & environmental factors contributing to wide between-population variability in EFV auto-induction comparing Ethiopian & Tanzanian patients. In addition, associations of CYP2B6, ABCB1 (3842A >G), slow NAT2 metabolizing genotypes & plasma concentration of EFV with increased incidences of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and correlation of plasma and intracellular concentrations of EFV are reported in the thesis. The thesis also shows the long-term but not short-term effects of sex and UGT2B7 genotype in predicting auto-induction as well as plasma concentration of EFV. In conclusion, EFV dose-escalation from 600mg to 800mg is not required during TB-HIV co-treatment in Ethiopian patients. CYP2B6*6 genotype is not only a strong predictor for EFV pharmacokinetics but also could predict EFVbased HAART outcomes, DILI & CYP3A auto-induction by EFV. In addition to pharmacogenetic variability, the importance of differences in ethnicity & environmental factors are highlighted to optimize HIV treatment across subSaharan Africa.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Hou, Muzhou, et al.
(författare)
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Global Solar Radiation Prediction Using Hybrid Online Sequential Extreme Learning Machine Model
- 2018
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI. - 1996-1073. ; 11:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate global solar radiation prediction is highly essential for related research on renewable energy sources. The cost implication and measurement expertise of global solar radiationemphasize that intelligence prediction models need to be applied. On the basis of long-term measured daily solar radiation data, this study uses a novel regularized online sequential extreme learning machine, integrated with variable forgetting factor (FOS-ELM), to predict global solar radiation at Bur Dedougou, in the Burkina Faso region. Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) is applied to build the seven input combinations based on speed (Wspeed), maximum and minimum temperature (Tmax and Tmin), maximum and minimum humidity (Hmax and Hmin), evaporation (Eo) and vapor pressure deficiency (VPD). For the difference input parameters magnitudes, seven models were developed and evaluated for the optimal input combination. Various statistical indicators were computed for the prediction accuracy examination. The experimental results of the applied FOS-ELM model demonstrated a reliable prediction accuracy against the classical extreme learning machine (ELM) model for daily global solar radiation simulation. In fact, compared to classical ELM, the FOS-ELM model reported an enhancement in the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error(MAE) by (68.8–79.8%). In summary, the results clearly confirm the effectiveness of the FOS-ELM model, owing to the fixed internal tuning parameters.
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| 24. |
- Huang, Q M, et al.
(författare)
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Postural control of the trunk in response to lateral support surface translations during trunk movement and loading.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Experimental Brain Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0014-4819 .- 1432-1106. ; 141:4, s. 552-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The postural response to translation of the support surface may be influenced by the performance of an ongoing voluntary task. This study was designed to test this proposal by applying lateral perturbations while subjects handled a load in the frontal plane. Measurements were made of medio-lateral displacement of the centre of pressure, angular displacement of the trunk and thigh in the frontal plane and intra-abdominal pressure. Subjects were translated randomly to the left and right in a variety of conditions that involved standing either quietly or with a 5 kg load in their left hand, which they were required either to hold statically or to lift or lower. The results indicate that when the perturbation occurred towards the loaded left side the subjects were able to return their centre of pressure, trunk and thigh rapidly and accurately to the initial position. However, when the perturbation occurred towards the right (away from the load) this correction was delayed and associated with multiple changes in direction of movement, suggesting decreased efficiency of the postural response. This reduced efficiency can be explained by a conflict between the motor commands for the ongoing voluntary task and the postural response, and/or by the mechanical effect of the asymmetrical addition of load to the trunk.
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| 25. |
- Huang, Qiangsheng, et al.
(författare)
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Ultracompact tapered coupler for the Si/III-V heterogeneous integration
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 1559-128X .- 2155-3165. ; 54:14, s. 4327-4332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An ultracompact tapered coupler, which is suitable for mode transformation between a 220 nm high silicon wire waveguide and a Si/III-V hybrid waveguide, is proposed for Si/III-V heterogeneous integration. The tapered coupler is composed of three sections. Since the tapered coupler avoids exciting the unwanted high-order modes in the III-V waveguide, the length of the tapered coupler can be dramatically shortened. In the proposed structure, the total length of the trisectional tapered coupler can be as short as 8 mu m with a fundamental mode-coupling efficiency of over 95% in a bandwidth of over 100 nm. The alignment tolerance of the proposed structure is also analyzed.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Ibragimov, Nail, 1939-, et al.
(författare)
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Spinning of oscillating internal gravity waves from a group theoretical standpoint
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Vibration Testing and System Dynamics. - : L & H scientific publishing. - 2475-4811 .- 2475-482X. ; 7:2, s. 129-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new class of exact solutions of the non-linear two-dimensional Boussinesq model for internal gravity waves is derived in this paper. The most general forms of invariant solutions, which can not be guessed from the anisotropic property and correspondingly were not reported in previous studies, are presented in this paper by infinite-dimensional Lie algebra spanned by the infinitesimal symmetries. As a particular example, it is shown here that the nonlinear two-dimensional boussinesq model for internal gravity waves is invariant with respect to the dilations and rotation symmetries that provide the class of exact solutions that has not been reported in previous studies. The new remarkable property of spinning phenomena is observed for internal waves, which has not been reported in the previous studies. The effect of nonlinearity and the earth rotation on the spinining phenomena has been studied both numerically and analytically.
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| 28. |
- Ji, Xiaoyan, et al.
(författare)
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Thermodynamic modeling of ionic liquid density with heterosegmented statistical associating fluid theory
- 2009
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2509 .- 1873-4405. ; 64:9, s. 1985-1992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heterosegmented statistical associating fluid theory is used to represent the density of ionic liquid. Ionic liquid molecule is divided into several groups representing the alkyls, cation head, and anion. The cation of ionic liquid is modelled as a chain molecule that consists of one spherical segment representing the cation head and groups of segments of different types representing different substituents (alkyls). The anion of ionic liquid is modelled as a spherical segment of different type. To account for the electrostatic/polar interaction between the cation and anion, the spherical segments representing cation head and anion each have one association site, which can only cross associate to each other. The parameters for alkyls are obtained from those of the corresponding n-alkanes and the parameters of groups representing cation head and anion, including the two association parameters, are fitted to a group of experimental ionic liquid data. The performance of the model is examined by describing the densities of three important series of imidazolium-based ionic liquids, i.e., [Cnmim][Tf2N], [Cnmim][BF4], and [Cnmim][PF6]. The model is found to well represent the densities of these ionic liquids from 293.15 to 415 K and up to 650 bar, and well capture the effects of temperature, pressure, and alkyl types on density.
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| 29. |
- Jiang, Heng, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring and preventing alcohol use and related harm among young people in Asian countries : a thematic review
- 2018
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Ingår i: Global Health Research and Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-0642. ; 3:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The paper reviews alcohol consumption patterns and alcohol-related social and health issues among 15-29-year old young people in Asian countries, and discusses strategies for preventing and controlling alcohol use and related harms.Methods: We searched Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science for reports, reviews and journal articles published in English between 1st Jan 1990 and 31st August 2016.Results: Forty-one reports, reviews and journal papers were identified and included in the final review. The current drinking levels and prevalence among young people are markedly different between eight included Asian countries, ranging from 4.2% in Malaysia to 49.3% in China. In a majority of the selected Asian countries, over 15% of total deaths among young men and 6% among young women aged 15-29 years are attributable to alcohol use. Alcohol use among young people is associated with a number of harms, including stress, family violence, injuries, suicide, and sexual and other risky behaviours. Alcohol policies, such as controlling sales, social supply and marketing, setting up/raising a legal drinking age, adding health warning labels on alcohol containers, and developing a surveillance system to monitor drinking pattern and risky drinking behaviour, could be potential means to reduce harmful use of alcohol and related harm among young people in Asia.Conclusions: The review reveals that drinking patterns and behaviours vary across eight selected Asian countries due to culture, policies and regional variations. The research evidence holds substantial policy implications for harm reduction on alcohol drinking among young people in Asian countries -- especially for China, which has almost no alcohol control policies at present.
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| 30. |
- Khalil, Sammar, et al.
(författare)
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Integration genom odling
- 2019
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Ingår i: LTV-fakultetens faktablad.
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Under åren 20015 – 2018 sökte ca 163 000 individer asyl i Sverige. Att integrera dessa i samhället är en stor utmaning. De behöver känna trygghet och tillhörighet i samhället genom olika integrationsaktiviteter. Samtidigt kan de bidra med kompetens och kunskap om de lyckas etablera sig på arbetsmarknaden. I ett projekt finansierat av Familjen Kamprads stiftelse har möjligheterna att använda odling som ett integrationsverktyg studerats. Slutsatsen är att odlingsprojekt kan användas för att skapa trygghet, bygga sociala nätverk samt utveckla färdigheter i svenska språket.
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| 31. |
- Khan, Umama, et al.
(författare)
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Neutrophil extracellular traps in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 22:14
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutrophils form sticky web-like structures known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as part of innate immune response. NETs are decondensed extracellular chromatin filaments comprising nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. NETs have been implicated in many gastrointestinal diseases including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the regulatory mechanisms of NET formation and potential pharmacological inhibitors in the context of CRC have not been thoroughly discussed. In this review, we intend to highlight roles of NETs in CRC progression and metastasis as well as the potential of targeting NETs during colon cancer therapy.
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| 32. |
- Kim, Erica J., et al.
(författare)
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Hovering performance of Anna's hummingbirds (Calypte anna) in ground effect
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of the Royal Society Interface. - : The Royal Society. - 1742-5662 .- 1742-5689. ; 11:98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aerodynamic performance and energetic savings for flight in ground effect are theoretically maximized during hovering, but have never been directly measured for flying animals. We evaluated flight kinematics, metabolic rates and induced flow velocities for Anna's hummingbirds hovering at heights (relative to wing length R 5.5 cm) of 0.7R, 0.9R, 1.1R, 1.7R, 2.2R and 8R above a solid surface. Flight at heights less than or equal to 1.1R resulted in significant reductions in the body angle, tail angle, anatomical stroke plane angle, wake-induced velocity, and mechanical and metabolic power expenditures when compared with flight at the control height of 8R. By contrast, stroke plane angle relative to horizontal, wingbeat amplitude and wingbeat frequency were unexpectedly independent of height from ground. Qualitative smoke visualizations suggest that each wing generates a vortex ring during both down-and upstroke. These rings expand upon reaching the ground and present a complex turbulent interaction below the bird's body. Nonetheless, hovering near surfaces results in substantial energetic benefits for hummingbirds, and by inference for all volant taxa that either feed at flowers or otherwise fly close to plant or other surfaces.
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| 33. |
- Koshmak, Gregory, et al.
(författare)
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Fall risk probability estimation based on supervised feature learning using public fall datasets
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS, Vol. 2016. - 9781457702204 ; , s. 752-755
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Risk of falling is considered among major threats for elderly population and therefore started to play an important role in modern healthcare. With recent development of sensor technology, the number of studies dedicated to reliable fall detection system has increased drastically. However, there is still a lack of universal approach regarding the evaluation of developed algorithms. In the following study we make an attempt to find publicly available fall datasets and analyze similarities among them using supervised learning. After preforming similarity assessment based on multidimensional scaling we indicate the most representative feature vector corresponding to each specific dataset. This vector obtained from a real-life data is subsequently deployed to estimate fall risk probabilities for a statistical fall detection model. Finally, we conclude with some observations regarding the similarity assessment results and provide suggestions towards an efficient approach for evaluation of fall detection studies.
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| 34. |
- Köhlin, Gunnar, 1963
(författare)
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Fuelwood - Crisis or Balance?
- 2003
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Ingår i: Workshop proceedings edited by G. Köhlin. Workshop at Göteborg University, 2003. - Göteborg.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 35. |
- Li, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship of age and DRD2 polymorphisms to frontostriatal brain activity and working memory performance
- 2019
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier. - 0197-4580 .- 1558-1497. ; 84, s. 189-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dopamine (DA) in both prefrontal cortex (PFC) and caudate nucleus is critical for working memory (WM) function. The C957T and Taq1A polymorphisms of the DRD2 gene are related to DA D2 receptor densities in PFC and striatum. Using functional MRI, we investigated the relationship of age and these 2 DRD2 gene polymorphisms to WM function and examined possible age by gene interactions. Results demonstrated less caudate activity for older adults (70-80 years; n = 112) compared with the younger age group (25-65 years; n = 191), suggesting age-related functional differences in this region. Importantly, there was a gene-related difference regarding WM performance and frontostriatal brain activity. Specifically, better WM performance and greater activity in PFC were found among C957T C allele carriers. Combined genetic markers for increased DA D2 receptor density were associated with greater caudate activity and higher WM updating performance. The genetic effects on blood oxygen level-dependent activity were only observed in older participants, suggesting magnified genetic effects in aging. Our findings emphasize the importance of DA-related genes in regulating WM functioning in aging and demonstrate a positive link between DA and brain activation in the frontostriatal circuitry.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Lu, B, et al.
(författare)
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JAK/STAT1 signaling promotes HMGB1 hyperacetylation and nuclear translocation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490. ; 111:8, s. 3068-3073
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-mobility group box (HMGB)1 is a nuclear protein that we have identified as a proinflammatory mediator during infection or sterile tissue injury, which importantly orchestrates the innate immune responses. The mechanisms of HMGB1 release require translocation of HMGB1 from nucleus to cytoplasm and release into the extracellular space. We recently reported that the inflammasome and PKR mediates HMGB1 release from the cytoplasm, but the mechanism of HMGB1 translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm was previously unknown. Here, we describe our discovery that JAK/STAT1 is required for LPS- or interferon-induced HMGB1 nuclear translocation. These findings have significant implications for the field, and for designing therapeutics for potential use in inflammatory diseases.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Lv, Hao, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and Crystal-Phase Engineering of Mesoporous Palladium-Boron Alloy Nanoparticles
- 2020
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Ingår i: ACS central science. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2374-7943 .- 2374-7951. ; 6:12, s. 2347-2353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rational design and synthesis of noble metal nanomaterials with desired crystal phases (atomic level) and controllable structures/morphologies (mesoscopic level) are paramount for modulating their physiochemical properties. However, it is challenging to simultaneously explore atomic crystal-phase structures and ordered mesoscopic morphologies. Here, we report a simple synergistic templating strategy for the preparation of palladium-boron (Pd-B) nanoparticles with precisely controllable crystal-phases and highly ordered mesostructures. The engineering of crystal-phase structures at atomic levels is achieved by interstitially inserting metallic B atoms into face-centered cubic mesoporous Pd (fcc-mesoPd) confined in a mesoporous silica template. With the gradual insertion of B atoms, fcc-mesoPd is transformed into fcc-mesoPd(5)B, hcp-mesoPd(2)B with randomly distributed B atoms (hcp-mesoPd(2)B-r), and hcp-mesoPd(2)B with an atomically ordered B sequence (hcp-mesoPd(2)B-o) while preserving well-defined mesostructures. This synergistic templating strategy can be extended to engineer crystal-phase structures with various mesostructures/morphologies, including nanoparticles, nanobundles, and nanorods. Moreover, we investigate the crystal-phase-dependent catalytic performance toward the reduction reaction of p-nitrophenol and find that hcp-mesoPd(2)B-o displays much better catalytic activity. This work thus paves a new way for the synthesis of hcp-Pd2B nanomaterials with mesoscopically ordered structure/morphology and offers new insights of fcc-to-hcp evolution mechanisms which could be applied on other noble metal-based nanomaterials for various targeted applications.
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| 42. |
- Majeed, Maitham H., et al.
(författare)
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Polymer-Supported Palladium(II) Carbene Complexes : Catalytic Activity, Recyclability, and Selectivity in C-H Acetoxylation of Arenes
- 2017
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Ingår i: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 0947-6539. ; 23:35, s. 8457-8465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heterogeneous catalysts for selective oxidation of C-H bonds were synthesized by co-polymerization of new N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(II) (NHC-PdII) monomers with divinylbenzene. The polymer-supported NHC-PdII-catalysed undirected C-H acetoxylation of simple and methylated arenes as well as polyarenes, with similar or superior efficiency compared to their homogeneous analogues. In particular, the regioselectivity has been improved in the acetoxylation of biphenyl and naphthalene compared to the best homogeneous catalysts. The new polymer-supported catalysts maintain the original oxidation state of PdII after repeated catalytic reactions, and exhibit no significant leaching of palladium. In addition, the new catalysts have been successfully recovered and reused without loss of activity over several cycles of reactions.
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| 43. |
- Matthes, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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An Improved Method for Physical Separation of Cerebral Vasculature and Parenchyma Enables Detection of Blood-Brain-Barrier Dysfunction
- 2021
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Ingår i: NeuroSci. - : MDPI AG. - 2673-4087. ; 2:1, s. 59-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The neurovascular niche is crucial for constant blood supply and blood-brain barrier (BBB) function and is altered in a number of different neurological conditions, making this an intensely active field of research. Brain vasculature is unique for its tight association of endothelial cells with astrocytic endfeet processes. Separation of the vascular compartment by centrifugation-based methods confirmed enrichment of astrocytic endfeet processes, making it possible to study the entire vascular niche with such methods. Several centrifugation-based separation protocols are found in the literature; however, with some constraints which limit their applicability and the scope of the studies. Here, we describe and validate a protocol for physically separating the neurovascular niche from the parenchyma, which is optimized for smaller tissue quantities. Using endothelial, neuronal, and astrocyte markers, we show that quantitative Western blot-based target detection can be performed of both the vessel-enriched and parenchymal fractions using as little as a single mouse brain hemisphere. Validation of our protocol in rodent stroke models by detecting changes in tight junction protein expression, serum albumin signals and astrocyte activation, i.e., increased glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, between the ipsilateral and the lesion-free contralateral hemisphere demonstrates this protocol as a new way of detecting BBB breakdown and astrogliosis, respectively.
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| 44. |
- Mauritsson, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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A new mechanistic model for individual growth suggests upregulated maintenance costs when food is scarce in an insect
- 2024
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Ingår i: Ecological Modelling. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3800 .- 1872-7026. ; 491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growing animal ingests food from the environment and distributes the assimilated energy between chemical energy stored in synthesized biomass and energy spent on metabolic processes, including food processing, maintenance, activity and overhead costs for growth. Under food restriction, the growth rate is usually decreased. However, the extent of this reduction may be influenced by a potential trade-off with maintenance metabolism. The latter seems to be down-regulated under food restriction in some animals and up-regulated in others. Recently, the Maintenance-Growth Model (MGM) was developed for ontogenetic and post-mature growth, including several aspects not considered by common mechanistic growth models, most importantly the division of maintenance costs into non-negotiable and negotiable parts, where the latter can be up- or downregulated under food restriction. Using empirical data, MGM has been calibrated and successfully applied to an insect growing under ad libitum conditions. Here, the model is further calibrated to newly collected individual data for the same species growing under two different regimes of food restriction, complemented with previously collected data for food-limited cohorts. We find that two alternative model scenarios of MGM are able to generate rather good predictions of observed growth under food restriction, assuming either upregulated maintenance or decreased effective assimilation (assimilation minus energy spent on processing and searching food). We find the latter scenario least plausible, implying that the current study provides the first indication for the occurrence of upregulated maintenance in an insect species when food is scarce, an unexpected result that requires further investigation. The inclusion of maintenance regulation in MGM enables the new growth model to be used in the modelling of life-history dependent trade-offs between maintenance, growth and maturation for various other species.
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| 45. |
- Mendoza Montoya, Javier, et al.
(författare)
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RealTime Wireless Monitoring System of CO2 and CH4 in Juliaca - Perú
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a measurement system to greenhouse gases (GHG) monitoring. GHGs are formed by the emission of Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) and Methane (CH 4 ) from vehicles and near located landfills in Juliaca city in Perú. A wireless system is developed using MOS sensors (MQ2, MQ4, TGS2611 and MQ-135), Arduino-nano, XBee wireless communications modules and the interface to the computer is written in Python. The system was tested in real field measurements and the results show gas concentration difference in different points of the city. We could observe that the CO 2 content in places with a large number of vehicles is high and places with organic waste, like fresch product market, the CH 4 content is also high.
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| 46. |
- Mohan, Jagan, et al.
(författare)
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Cavin3 interacts with cavin1 and caveolin1 to increase surface dynamics of caveolae
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Cell Science. - : The Company of Biologists. - 0021-9533 .- 1477-9137. ; 128:5, s. 979-991
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Caveolae are invaginations of the cell surface thought to regulate membrane tension, signalling, adhesion and lipid homeostasis due to their dynamic behaviour ranging from stable surface association to dynamic rounds of fission and fusion with the plasma membrane. The caveolae coat is generated by oligomerisation of the membrane protein caveolin and the family of cavin proteins. Here, we show that cavin3 is targeted to caveolae by cavin1 where it interacts with the scaffolding domain of caveolin1 and promote caveolae dynamics. We found that the N-terminal region of cavin3 binds a trimer of the cavin1 N-terminus in competition with a homologous cavin2 region, showing that the cavins form distinct subcomplexes via their N-terminal regions. Our data shows that cavin3 is enriched at deeply invaginated caveolae and that loss of cavin3 in cells results in an increase of stable caveolae and a decrease of caveolae with short duration time at the membrane. We propose that cavin3 is recruited to the caveolae coat by cavin1 to interact with caveolin1 and regulate the duration time of caveolae at the plasma membrane.
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| 47. |
- Mont, Oksana
(författare)
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The Swedish Product Choice Principle
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Energy and Environmental Law Review. - 1879-3886. ; 10:12, s. 351-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 48. |
- Morén, Jonathan
(författare)
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Axel Moberg
- 2017
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 49. |
- Morén, Tom, et al.
(författare)
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Determination of the surface emission factors in wood sorption experiments
- 1993
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fukttransporten i trä kan med god approximation beskrivas som en diffusionsprocess, åtminstone när temperaturen är under vattnets kokpunkt. Ytemissionsfaktorn anger hur långt ytfuktkvoten befinner sig från den omgivande luftens jämviktsfuktkvot och är mycket viktig att ta med i analysen av sorptionsförsök. I denna artikel diskuteras tidigare utförda mätningar och analyser av ytemissionsfaktorn och jämförs med de värden som fås från inverkan av luftgränsskiktet närmast virkesytan. In this paper some previously published data and results from new direct measurements of the surface emission factors are discussed and compared with values obtained from the boundary layer theory.
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| 50. |
- Mukherjee, A. B., et al.
(författare)
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Mercury in waste in the European Union : sources, disposal methods and risks
- 2004
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Ingår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-3449 .- 1879-0658. ; 42, s. 155–182-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the recent decades, there has been widespread concern regarding the toxic impact of mercury (Hg) in the ecosystem due to its mobility, volatility and potential for bioaccumulation. Hg in fish and the aquatic environment is also a great problem in the Nordic region of the EU1 (European Union). Ho is classified as a dangerous chemical in the countries of the EU. Hg in the regulation of waste is regarded as a dangerous substance which, when contained in waste, is one of the properties, leading to a classification of waste as hazardous. Estimation of the quantity of Hg in waste within the EU countries is an important task although still incomplete. In this present study, Hg in waste in the EU has been estimated at around 990 metric tonnes (t) (including coal combustion products, landfills, chlor-alkali waste and incinerator slag) for the year 1995, and it is suggested that if complete information was available for the 15 member states, the amount would be 2-4 times larger. During the 1990s there were 45 Hg cell chlorine facilities in the EU and the amount of Hg in chlorine (Cl-2) was calculated at 95.2 t based on 14-17 g Hg t(-1) of Cl, capacity. The waste from coal-fired power plants in the EU member states contained about 16.5 t of Ha, which was transferred to products for road construction, and other industrial uses or stored in landfills. This Hg can then be exchanged between the atmospheric, aquatic and terrestrial compartments. Hg is occasionally recovered from waste, but this is often discouraged for economic reasons. Recovery units are found, for example, in Germany, France, Austria, and Sweden. The total amount of secondary Hg recovered from waste is not known. Metallic Hg and Hg-bearing waste are exported and imported from the EU member states, except for export from Sweden, which is banned by national legislation. The use of Hg in lamps and batteries is declining, and the Nordic countries, Germany and Austria have stringent regulations on the use of amalgam and Hg thermometers. It is found that 18% of municipal solid waste generated in the EU is burnt in incinerators, in order to decrease the volume. 88 t of Hg enter into the landfills of the EU through waste and residues from waste incineration. Prevention of the generation of hazardous waste containing Hg is one of the most challenging tasks for the EU, with regard to sustainable waste management.
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