| 1. |
- Gro, Tangen, et al.
(författare)
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A longitudinal study of physical function in patients with early-onset dementia
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra. - : S. Karger AG. - 1664-5464. ; 2:1, s. 622-631
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to explore changes in mobility in terms of ambulation and transfer over 1 year in patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD), and to compare mobility in EOAD with patients with other types of early-onset dementia (EOOD). METHOD: Forty-two patients with EOAD and 30 patients with EOOD were included. All patients were home-dwelling and had mild or moderate degree of dementia. Mobility was assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), a modified version of the Clinical Outcome Variables Scale, timed stair walking, and timed rise from the floor. RESULTS: The EOAD group performed significantly better than the EOOD group on all mobility tests. After 1 year, 25 persons with EOAD were tested again. The performance on TUG (p = 0.028) and stair walking (p = 0.02) had deteriorated at the 1-year follow-up in the EOAD group. CONCLUSION: Patients with EOAD performed better on mobility tasks than patients with EOOD, but their performance deteriorated at 1-year follow-up.
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| 2. |
- Hagnelius, Nils-Olof, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Blood concentrations of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid among demented and non-demented Swedish elderly with and without home care services and vitamin B(12) prescriptions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra. - Basel, Switzerland : S. Karger. - 1664-5464. ; 2:1, s. 387-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims: Total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) has been suggested as a risk factor of dementia. Our aim was to investigate potential differences in tHcy status in relation to the prescription of vitamin B(12) and dementia diagnosis. We examined whether vitamin B(12) prescriptions, a family history of dementia, or the need for home care service might be associated with tHcy values.Methods: A cross-sectional monocenter study comprising 926 consecutive subjects attending our Memory Care Unit was conducted.Results: Demented subjects being prescribed vitamin B(12) had higher serum vitamin B(12) (p = 0.025) but also higher tHcy (p < 0.001) and serum methylmalonate (p = 0.032), and lower serum folate (p < 0.001) than those who did not receive vitamin B(12) prescriptions. tHcy levels were significantly higher in non-demented subjects receiving home care service (p = 0.007). This group also had lower serum albumin (dementia: p < 0.001; non-dementia: p = 0.004). There was no difference in renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate) in demented or non-demented subjects with or without vitamin B(12) prescriptions (dementia with/without vitamin B(12) prescription: p = 0.561; non-dementia with/without vitamin B(12) prescription: p = 0.710).Conclusion: Despite vitamin B(12) prescriptions, demented subjects had higher tHcy and methylmalonate values. The elevated metabolite values could not be explained by differences in renal function. Thus, elderly subjects on vitamin B(12) prescription appear to have unmet nutritional needs.
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| 3. |
- Kramberger, Milica Gregoric, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal fluid alzheimer markers in depressed elderly dubjects with and without alzheimer's disease
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra. - : S. Karger AG. - 1664-5464. ; 2:1, s. 48-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer's disease (AD) markers and depression in elderly people.Method: We included subjects with AD as well as persons with subjective cognitive impairment and normal cognition. Depression was assessed with the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, and a cut-off score of >6 was used to define depression. Cerebrospinal fluid was analyzed using commercially available assays for β-amyloid 1-42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau 181.Result: A total of 183 participants (66.7% female) were included (92 with AD and 91 with subjective cognitive impairment), with a mean age (±SD) of 67.6 ± 7.4 years, a Mini-Mental State Examination score of 26.0 ± 4.0, and a median Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia score of 5 (range 0-19). Depression scores were not associated with higher phosphorylated tau 181 and total tau or reduced β-amyloid 1-42 in AD or non-demented subjects.Conclusions: These results suggest that AD pathology does not contribute to depression, indicating that other factors may be more important. Further studies of the aetiology of depression in elderly people with and without AD are warranted.
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| 4. |
- Nilsson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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The use of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic Peptide to evaluate vascular disease in elderly patients with mental illness.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra. - : S. Karger AG. - 1664-5464. ; 2, s. 10-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is regarded as a sensitive marker of cardiovascular disease. Vascular disease plays an important role in cognitive impairment. METHOD: In 447 elderly patients with mental illness, serum NT-proBNP level and the presence or absence of vascular disease according to the medical record were used to categorize patients in different subgroups of vascular disease. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Patients with vascular disease and elevated serum NT-proBNP level had a lower cognition level, shorter survival time, lower renal function and a higher percentage of pathological brain imaging than patients with vascular disease and normal NT-proBNP level. Thus, elevated serum NT-proBNP level might be helpful to detect patients who have a more severe cardiovascular disease.
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| 5. |
- Oppedal, K, et al.
(författare)
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White matter hyperintensities in mild lewy body dementia
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extra. - : S. Karger AG. - 1664-5464. ; 2:1, s. 481-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> The objective of this study was to explore the load of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in patients with Lewy body dementia (LBD) and compare to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and normal controls (NC). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Diagnosis of LBD and AD was made according to consensus criteria and cognitive tests were administered. MRI scans for 77 (61 AD and 16 LBD) patients and 37 healthy elderly control subjects were available for analysis. We segmented WMH from FLAIR images using an automatic thresholding technique and calculated the volume of WMH in several regions of the brain, using non-parametric tests to compare groups. Multivariate regression was applied. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There were no significant differences in WMH between AD and LBD. We found a significant correlation between total and frontal WMH and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and verbal fluency scores in the AD group, but not in the LBD group. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The WMH load in LBD was similar to that of AD. A correlation between WMH load and cognition was found in the AD group, but not in the LBD group, suggesting that vascular disease contributes to cognitive impairment in AD but not LBD.
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| 6. |
- Soennesyn, H, et al.
(författare)
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White matter hyperintensities and the course of depressive symptoms in elderly people with mild dementia
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extra. - : S. Karger AG. - 1664-5464. ; 2, s. 97-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Objectives:</i> To explore the relationship between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and the prevalence and course of depressive symptoms in mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Lewy body dementia. <i>Design:</i> This is a prospective cohort study conducted in secondary care outpatient clinics in western Norway. <i>Subjects:</i> The study population consisted of 77 elderly people with mild dementia diagnosed according to standardised criteria. <i>Methods:</i> Structured clinical interviews and physical, neurological, psychiatric, and neuropsychological examinations were performed and routine blood tests were taken. Depression was assessed using the depression subitem of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory and the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). A standardised protocol for magnetic resonance imaging scan was used, and the volumes of WMH were quantified using an automated method, followed by manual editing. <i>Results:</i> The volumes of total and frontal deep WMH were significantly and positively correlated with baseline severity of depressive symptoms, and depressed patients had significantly higher volumes of total and frontal deep WMH than non-depressed patients. Higher volumes of WMH were also associated with having a high MADRS score and incident and persistent depression at follow-up. After adjustment for potential confounders, frontal deep WMH, in addition to prior depression and non-AD dementia, were still significantly associated with baseline depressive symptoms (p = 0.015, OR 3.703, 95% CI 1.294–10.593). Similar results emerged for total WMH. <i>Conclusion:</i> In elderly people with mild dementia, volumes of WMH, in particular frontal deep WMH, were positively correlated with baseline severity of depressive symptoms, and seemed to be associated with persistent and incident depression at follow-up. Further studies of the mechanisms that determine the course of depression in mild dementia are needed.
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