| 1. |
- Dykes, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Chlorhexidine for prevention of neonatal colonization with group B streptococci. II. Chlorhexidine concentrations and recovery of group B streptococci following vaginal washing in pregnant women
- 1983
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115. ; 16:3, s. 167-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of a single washing of the urogenital tract with 0.5 g/l chlorhexidine was studied in 6 women in weeks 38-40 of pregnancy, among whom 5 were carriers of group B streptococci in urethra and/or cervix. The chlorhexidine concentrations varied between 25 and 200 mg/l during the first hour after washing in 5 of the 6 women, whereas one patient showed concentrations below 25 mg/l. With the exception of one patient, all individuals showed concentrations less than 25 mg/l at 3-24 h after washing. A clear suppression of the number of colony-forming units of GBS was already apparent after 60 min and was still evident 6 h after chlorhexidine washing.
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| 2. |
- Kvist Christensen, Karen, et al.
(författare)
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Chlorhexidine for prevention of neonatal colonization with group B streptococci. I. In vitro effect of chlorhexidine on group B streptococci
- 1983
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115. ; 16:3, s. 157-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forty-three strains of group B streptococci (GBS) of types Ia, Ib, II and III were tested for susceptibility to chlorhexidine in concentrations ranging from 256 to 0.25 mg/l using the agar and tube dilution methods. The strains showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.5 to 1 mg/l. Serum added to the test medium (50%) increased the MIC values to 4-8 mg/l, while amniotic fluid (50%) had almost no effect, increasing the values to 1-2 mg/l. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged from 1 to 5 mg/l. The killing kinetics were related to the concentration of chlorhexidine and the length of exposure. For example, at a concentration of 63 mg/l, 7 h were required for a bactericidal effect in broth, as compared to 1 h at 500 mg/l chlorhexidine. 200 mg/l chlordexidine had no effect on the adherence of two GBS strains to vaginal epithelial cells, and no effect on the phagocytosis of GBS with mouse peritoneal macrophages.
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