| 1. |
- Dykes, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Chlorhexidine for prevention of neonatal colonization with group B streptococci. IV. Depressed puerperal carriage following vaginal washing with chlorhexidine during labour
- 1987
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115. ; 24:4, s. 293-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of vaginal washing with chlorhexidine acetate, 2 g/l at delivery, on the colonization of the urogenital tract with group B streptococci (GBS) 4 days later was investigated. Patients who were culture-positive for GBS in urethra and/or cervix in pregnancy weeks 32 and 36 as well as at delivery were included in a prospective study. The washing procedure was performed in 31 parturients, and 10 (32%) were culture-negative at day 4 after delivery. In contrast, only 7/47 (15%) non-washed controls were negative at day 4 (p = 0.044). The results demonstrate a prolonged suppressive effect of vaginal washing with chlorhexidine on the recovery of GBS from the urogenital tract in this highly selected patient group.
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| 2. |
- Kvist Christensen, K, et al.
(författare)
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Chlorhexidine for prevention of neonatal colonization with group B streptococci. III. Effect of vaginal washing with chlorhexidine before rupture of the membranes
- 1985
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115. ; 19:4, s. 231-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A single vaginal washing with 2 g/l of chlorhexidine was performed before rupture of the membranes in 19 parturients who were urogenital carriers of group B streptococci (GBS). Two (11%) of the infants became colonized immediately after birth, in contrast to 16 of 41 (39%) infants to controls (P = 0.02). A significant reduction of GBS colonization of the ear (P = 0.02) and umbilicus (P = 0.01) was noted. Taken together, 2 of 57 (4%) cultures obtained at birth were positive in the chlorhexidine group, in contrast to 30 of 123 (24%) among the controls (P less than 0.01). These findings raise hope for the design of a simple washing procedure which might prevent serious infections in the early neonatal period with GBS but also with other chlorhexidine-sensitive organisms.
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| 3. |
- Nilsson, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Chlorhexidine for prevention of neonatal colonization with group B streptococci. V. Chlorhexidine concentrations in blood following vaginal washing during delivery
- 1989
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115. ; 31:3, s. 221-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chlorhexidine 2 g/l was applied to the vagina of 96 women during delivery, whereas 28 served as controls. Both groups were given a shower using a chlorhexidine soap, and outer washing of the outer anogenital tract was also performed in all patients using chlorhexidine 2 g/l. Using a gas chromatographic method with a detection limit of 10 ng chlorhexidine per ml blood, 10-83 ng/ml was demonstrated in 34 (35%) of the study group patients, whereas the remaining study group patients and controls showed no detectable chlorhexidine. Performing the washing a second time after 6 hours in 14 patients and a third time in 3 patients after a further 6 hours did not result in increased serum levels. It was concluded that small amounts of chlorhexidine are absorbed through the vaginal mucosa and that chlorhexidine is not accumulated in the blood on repeated usage with 6 hour intervals during delivery.
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| 4. |
- Valentin, Lil, et al.
(författare)
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Pregnancy outcome in women perceiving decreased fetal movement
- 1987
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115. ; 24:1, s. 23-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Out of 1914 women who had been instructed to count fetal movements (FMs) throughout the third trimester of pregnancy, 158 consulted the delivery ward staff about decreased FMs; they constituted the study group. Each woman who reported decreased FMs was examined by cardiotocography, analysis of plasma estriol and objective recording of FMs. Appropriate clinical management was decided on by the obstetrician in charge. In 133 (84%) of the 158 women, the results of the fetal examinations proved normal and no intervention was undertaken; in one of these cases the fetus died within 48 h. In two previously uncomplicated pregnancies the maternally perceived decrease in FMs coincided with seriously and persistently abnormal fetal heart rate test results. In both cases caesarean section was carried out within 24 h; the babies had Apgar scores less than or equal to 6 at 1 and 5 min but subsequently developed normally. Babies with congenital malformations (p = 0.001) and small-for-gestational age babies (p = 0.040) were significantly more common among consulters than non-consulters. The fetuses of women who report decreased FMs constitute a risk group and should be carefully monitored; if abnormalities are disclosed there is a potential for improving the fetal outcome by taking appropriate action.
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