| 1. |
- Lalos, Othon, et al.
(författare)
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Urodynamics in women with stress incontinence before and after surgery
- 1993
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier. - 0301-2115 .- 1872-7654. ; 48:3, s. 197-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pad test, cystometry and analysis of micturition were performed in 36 women with stress incontinence before and a year after operation with either retropubic urethrocystopexy (n = 22) or pubococcygeal repair (n = 14). There was no difference in the subjective cure rate between the two groups of women (77% and 79%, respectively). The pad test 1 year after operation showed that 59% of the women in the urethrocystopexy group and 43% of the women in the pubococcygeal repair group had stopped leaking urine. The bladder volume had increased in both groups and the intravesical pressure of the bladder filled to the maximum had increased in the pubococcygeal repair group. The functional length of the urethra, intravesical pressure at maximal urine flow, maximal urine flow rate and urethral conductance were not affected by either operation. Pad test was a more accurate test for an objective evaluation of urine leakage before operation than were the urodynamic investigation or continence tests.
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| 2. |
- Larsson, P G, et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial vaginosis and the vaginal leucocyte/epithelial cell ratio in women attending an outpatient gynaecology clinic.
- 1991
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Ingår i: European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115. ; 42:3, s. 217-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to investigate the usefulness of vaginal leucocytosis as a sign of genital infection, vaginal wet smears were obtained from 230 consecutive non-pregnant women attending an outpatient gynaecology clinic. Although 52 (22.6%) of the women were diagnosed as having bacterial vaginosis, none had symptoms of cervicitis or genital infection. Of the patients with bacterial vaginosis 19 (36.5%) had vaginal leucocytosis compared to 37.1% of the women without bacterial vaginosis. In a further study, bacterial vaginosis was also diagnosed in 104 of 384 women (33.3%) attending for first trimester legal abortions. Of the women with bacterial vaginosis 37.5% had vaginal leucocytosis compared to 31.8% for those without bacterial vaginosis (P greater than 0.05). There was no correlation between vaginal leucocytosis and the presence of cervical Chlamydia trachomatis; however, the presence of C. trachomatis did correlate with bacterial vaginosis. Vaginal leucocytes varies with factors unrelated to genital infection. This fact must be taken into consideration when wet smears from patients with suspected genital tract infection are evaluated.
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| 3. |
- Larsson, P G, et al.
(författare)
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The vaginal pH and leucocyte/epithelial cell ratio vary during normal menstrual cycles.
- 1991
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Ingår i: European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115. ; 38:1, s. 39-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A higher proportion white blood cells (WBC) than vaginal epithelial cells in wet smears has been accepted as a sign which, together with clinical signs, can be useful in the diagnosis of infections in the genital tract such as cervicitis or salpingitis. However, little is known about the normal variation among healthy women without any symptoms or signs of genital-tract infection. By taking frequent wet smears from three healthy asymptomatic women during four menstrual cycles we found that vaginal leucocytosis usually occurred once each cycle. Normal vaginal leucocytosis must thus be taken into consideration when evaluating wet smear of patients for genital tract infections.
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| 4. |
- Olofsson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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A high uterine artery pulsatility index reflects a defective development of placental bed spiral arteries in pregnancies complicated by hypertension and fetal growth retardation
- 1993
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - 0301-2115. ; 49:3, s. 161-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The development of PIH is associated with a defective trophoblast invasion and conversion of spiral arteries into low-resistance uteroplacental arteries. Hypertension may then be a compensatory response to a defective uteroplacental perfusion. Similar mechanisms may operate in IUGR. AIM: To compare uterine artery Doppler blood flow measurements with placental bed histology. The hypothesis was that placental bed vessel pathology plays a role for a raised flow resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After blood flow measurements, a placental bed biopsy was taken at CS in 26 complicated (study group) and 29 uncomplicated pregnancies (control group). RESULTS: The uterine artery PI was significantly more often abnormally high in the study group compared with the control group, and also in hypertensive pregnancies compared with normotensive IUGR pregnancies. Physiological vessel changes were found in all controls but were absent in 76% of study cases. Physiological changes were significantly more often absent in SGA than in AGA newborns. Absence of physiological changes were significantly more often found in cases with an abnormally high PI. DISCUSSION: The results link together circulatory and structural pathophysiological changes of the uteroplacental unit. A defective physiological conversion of the spiral arteries was associated with an increased uterine flow resistance. CONCLUSION: This study gave further support for the existence of a triad of defective placental bed vessel maturation, increased uteroplacental flow resistance, and hypertension.
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