SwePub - sökning: L773:1873 1953

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1.	Berndtsson, Ina, 1953- (författare) Work-integrated learning as a pedagogical tool to integrate theory andpractice in nursing education : An integrative literature revie 2020 Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 42 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract It can be challenging for nursing students to navigate between theory and practice and to implement theoretical knowledge in real work situations and vice-versa.Work-integrated learning can support the students by enabling them to combine theoretical studies with practical work experience during their clinical placement.The aim of this integrative literature review was to identify models for the integration of theory and practice during clinical placements in nursing education by usingwork-integrated learning. Sixteen articles were found and analyzed using an integrative review method. Three themes were identified: 1) Supervisor support toenable students to develop a professional identity 2) Variety of modalities for teaching and 3) Collaboration between academic lecturers and clinical supervisorsaimed at integrating theoretical and practical knowledge. Work-integrated learning enables students to integrate theory and practice, develop skills for knowledge-inpractice and prepares them for working life. It also supports the sharing of experiences between various healthcare professionals. This review identified a need forfurther research on work-integrated learning as a method for enhancing nursing students’ workplace learning.
2.	Braunerhjelm, Pontus, 1953-, et al. (författare) Employees' entrepreneurial human capital and firm performance 2023 Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 52:2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We introduce a new measure of human capital, defined as employees' former involvement in entrepreneurship. Such entrepreneurial human capital (EHC) complements traditional human capital measures accumulated through work experience and education. Using detailed longitudinal register data, we track the previous years of entrepreneurial experience for the population of employees in Swedish private sector firms. We provide evidence that higher EHC among employees is associated with significantly higher levels of firm productivity. The baseline result implies that a 10 % increase in employees being former entrepreneurs increases firm-level productivity by 3.9 %. Additionally, we provide evidence that heterogeneity in employees' previous entrepreneurial experience (e.g., the reason for entering and exiting entrepreneurship, type of venture, length of entrepreneurial experiences, and relatedness of technology) influences the impact of EHC on productivity. The results are shown to be robust to various estimation techniques, alternative definitions of EHC, and other performance measures. © 2022 The Authors
3.	Braunerhjelm, Pontus, 1953-, et al. (författare) Labour market mobility, knowledge diffusion and innovation 2020 Ingår i: European Economic Review. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0014-2921 .- 1873-572X. ; 123 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Utilising a unique Swedish matched employer–employee dataset, which has been pooled with firm-level patent application data, we provide new evidence that knowledge workers’ mobility has a positive and strongly significant impact on firm innovation output, as measured by firm patent applications. The effect is statistically and economically highly significant for knowledge workers who have previously worked in a patenting firm (the learning-by-hiring effect), whereas only limited impact could be detected for firms losing knowledge workers (the learning-by-diaspora effect). No effects were detected for inexperienced university graduates. Finally, the effect is more pronounced when the joining worker originates from within the same region. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
4.	Nordström, Jan, 1953-, et al. (författare) A stable and conservative nonlinear interface coupling for the incompressible Euler equations 2022 Ingår i: Applied Mathematics Letters. - : Elsevier. - 0893-9659 .- 1873-5452. ; 132 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Energy stable and conservative nonlinear weakly imposed interface conditions for the incompressible Euler equations are derived in the continuous setting. By discretely mimicking the continuous analysis using summation-by-parts operators, we prove that the numerical scheme is stable and conservative. The theoretical findings are verified by numerical experiments.
5.	Albinsson, Gunilla, Docent, 1953-, et al. (författare) In search of a caring relationship : nursing students' notions of interactions in the nurse-patient relationship 2021 Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 50:January, s. 1-6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of the study is to explore how nursing students talks about their notions on interactions in the relationship between nurse and patient. Empirical data has been obtained from 22 students in their first semester of the Swedish undergraduate nursing programme, applying thematic, individual interviews and using qualitative content analyses. The most significant finding is that although the students had none or limited pre-understanding of caring and the interaction between nurse and patient they were aware of the pre-supposes for establishing such an interplay, articulated in a desire to find out how to build an authentic and trustful caring relationship. Empirical data also show that the students, in the stage of beginners, were trying to identify and relate to basic concepts within caring science. The restricted understanding could then be understood as a matter of the students not being able to express more than they had words for. The results provide new insights into the interactions in the nurse-patient relationship, seen from the perspective of beginner students. These insights could be useful, for lecturers and clinical supervisors, who play a paramount role in the development of each student's acquisition of theoretical and practical knowledge.
6.	Dåderman, Anna Maria, 1953-, et al. (författare) Evolutionary benefits of personality traits when facing workplace bullying 2021 Ingår i: Personality and Individual Differences. - : Elsevier. - 0191-8869 .- 1873-3549. ; 177 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Facing workplace bullying negatively affects physical and mental health, and consequently quality of life and well-being. Personality traits that can help an individual survive and reproduce entail more benefits than costs. Building on two evolutionary theories, Life History Theory and Costly Signaling Theory, this study aims to provide novel insights into how and why personality traits are associated with facing workplace bullying and health-related quality of life. A heterogeneous group of 324 employees in Sweden provided data on workplace bullying, perceived health-related quality of life, and personality traits, controlling for sex and age. We found that openness (HEXACO model) and Machiavellianism (Dark Triad model) served as moderators. Employees with high values of these traits experienced significantly less affected health-related quality of life when facing workplace bullying. Our results indicate evolutionary origins of the personality traits openness and Machia-vellianism. A new finding is that possessing, exhibiting, and maintaining traits reflecting a more creative and competitive interpersonal style increases an employee’s ability to survive aversive environments.
7.	Aad, G., et al. (författare) Measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced in top-quark decays using dilepton events at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS experiment 2023 Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 843 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced in top-quark decays is presented, using proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of √s=13 TeV. The data were collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. The measurement is performed selecting events decaying into final states with two charged leptons (electrons or muons) and at least two b-tagged jets. The polarisation is extracted from the differential cross-section distribution of the cos⁡θ* variable, where θ* is the angle between the momentum direction of the charged lepton from the W boson decay and the reversed momentum direction of the b-quark from the top-quark decay, both calculated in the W boson rest frame. Parton-level results, corrected for the detector acceptance and resolution, are presented for the cos⁡θ* angle. The measured fractions of longitudinal, left- and right-handed polarisation states are found to be f0=0.684±0.005(stat.)±0.014(syst.), fL=0.318±0.003(stat.)±0.008(syst.) and fR=−0.002±0.002(stat.)±0.014(syst.), in agreement with the Standard Model prediction.
8.	Aad, G., et al. (författare) Search for flavour-changing neutral-current couplings between the top quark and the photon with the ATLAS detector at √s=13 TeV 2023 Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 842 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This letter documents a search for flavour-changing neutral currents (FCNCs), which are strongly suppressed in the Standard Model, in events with a photon and a top quark with the ATLAS detector. The analysis uses data collected in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV during Run 2 of the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. Both FCNC top-quark production and decay are considered. The final state consists of a charged lepton, missing transverse momentum, a b-tagged jet, one high-momentum photon and possibly additional jets. A multiclass deep neural network is used to classify events either as signal in one of the two categories, FCNC production or decay, or as background. No significant excess of events over the background prediction is observed and 95% CL upper limits are placed on the strength of left- and right-handed FCNC interactions. The 95% CL bounds on the branching fractions for the FCNC top-quark decays, estimated (expected) from both top-quark production and decay, are B(t → uγ ) < 0.85 (0.88) × 10−5 and B(t → cγ ) < 4.2 (3.40) × 10−5 for a left-handed tqγ coupling, and B(t → uγ ) < 1.2 (1.20)×10−5 and B(t → cγ ) < 4.5 (3.70)×10−5 for a right-handed coupling.
9.	Aad, G., et al. (författare) Search for heavy long-lived multi-charged particles in the full LHC Run 2 pp collision data at √s=13 TeV using the ATLAS detector 2023 Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 847 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A search for heavy long-lived multi-charged particles is performed using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Data collected in 2015-2018 at √s = 13 TeV from pp collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 are examined. Particles producing anomalously high ionization, consistent with long-lived spin-½ massive particles with electric charges from \|q\| = 2e to \|q\| = 7e are searched for. No statistically significant evidence of such particles is observed, and 95% confidence level cross-section upper limits are calculated and interpreted as the lower mass limits for a Drell-Yan plus photon-fusion production mode. The least stringent limit, 1060 GeV, is obtained for \|q\| = 2e particles, and the most stringent one, 1600 GeV, is for \|q\| = 6e particles.
10.	Aad, G., et al. (författare) Search for pair-production of vector-like quarks in pp collision events at √s = 13 TeV with at least one leptonically decaying Z boson and a third-generation quark with the ATLAS detector 2023 Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 843 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A search for the pair-production of vector-like quarks optimized for decays into a Z boson and a third-generation Standard Model quark is presented, using the full Run 2 dataset corresponding to 139 fb−1 of pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV, collected in 2015–2018 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The targeted final state is characterized by the presence of a Z boson with high transverse momentum, reconstructed from a pair of same-flavour leptons with opposite-sign charges, as well as by the presence of b-tagged jets and high-transverse-momentum large-radius jets reconstructed from calibrated smaller-radius jets. Events with exactly two or at least three leptons are used, which are further categorized by the presence of boosted W , Z, and Higgs bosons and top quarks. The categorization is performed using a neural-network-based boosted object tagger to enhance the sensitivity to signal relative to the background. No significant excess above the background expectation is observed and exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on the masses of the vector-like partners T and B of the top and bottom quarks, respectively. The limits depend on the branching ratio configurations and, in the case of 100% branching ratio for T → Zt and 100% branching ratio for B → Zb, this search sets the most stringent limits to date, allowing mT > 1.60 TeV and mB > 1.42 TeV, respectively.
11.	Al-Adili, Lina, et al. (författare) Setting goals with patients at risk of malnutrition : A focus group study with clinical dietitians 2022 Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - : Elsevier. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134. ; 105:7, s. 2103-2109 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: Setting goals collaboratively with patients is a key aspect in shared decision-making (SDM) in malnutrition interventions. The aim, therefore, was to gain an understanding of clinical dietitians' reflections regarding the process of goal-setting with patients at risk of malnutrition.Methods: Six semi-structured audio-recorded focus group discussions were held with registered dietitians (n = 29) from primary healthcare and hospitals in Sweden. Focus group transcripts were analysed thematically to find patterns in the data and identify themes.Results: Dietitians expressed striving to explore patients' narratives, capabilities, and resources before deciding on goals. They described different strategies in counseling patients and a lack of patient participation in the goal setting. They emphasized the difficulties of setting feasible goals due to discrepancies between their clinically oriented goals and patients' personal goals.Conclusion: Findings highlight a gap in the process of setting goals for patients at risk of malnutrition, where patients' participation was lacking. Education in SDM, and strategies and tools to support dietitians in involving patients in goal-setting, are required to bridge the gap and promote person-centeredness. Practice implications: Findings may be further used to develop tools and strategies, and design studies on the implementation of and education in SDM and goal-setting for malnutrition interventions.
12.	Andrean, Stefio Y., 1991-, et al. (författare) Probing the CP nature of the top–Higgs Yukawa coupling in tt¯H??¯? and tH events with H→bb¯?→??¯ decays using the ATLAS detector at the LHC 2024 Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 849 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The CP properties of the coupling between the Higgs boson and the top quark are investigated using 139 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=13?=13 TeV. The CP structure of the top quark–Higgs boson Yukawa coupling is probed in events with a Higgs boson decaying into a pair of b-quarks and produced in association with either a pair of top quarks, tt¯H??¯?, or a single top quark, tH. Events containing one or two electrons or muons are used for the measurement. Multivariate techniques are used to select regions enriched in tt¯H??¯? and tH events, where dedicated CP-sensitive observables are exploited. In an extension of the Standard Model (SM) with a CP-odd admixture in the top–Higgs Yukawa coupling, the mixing angle between CP-even and CP-odd couplings is measured to be α=11∘+52∘−73∘?=11−73∘∘+52∘, compatible with the SM prediction corresponding to α=0?=0.
13.	Atak, Gamze, et al. (författare) Electrochromic tungsten oxide films prepared by sputtering : Optimizing cycling durability by judicious choice of deposition parameters 2021 Ingår i: Electrochimica Acta. - : Elsevier. - 0013-4686 .- 1873-3859. ; 367 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Thin films of W oxide were prepared by reactive DC magnetron sputtering (5 cm-diameter W target), and their electrochromic (EC) properties were investigated in an electrolyte of LiClO4 in propylene carbonate. The purpose of the study was to elucidate the role of critical deposition parameters-oxygen/argon gas flow ratio for the sputter plasma Gamma, total pressure in the sputter plasma p(tot) , and sputtering power P-s - on the EC performance with foci on electrochemical cycling durability and optical modulation range Delta T. Specifically, we used 0.15 <= Gamma <= 0.90, 5 <= p(tot) <= 30 mTorr, and 200 <= P-s <= 400 W and studied cycling durability for up to 500 voltammetric cycles in the range 2.0-4.0 V vs. Li/Li+ together with optical properties at a wavelength of 528 nm. Most significantly, we discovered that a judicious choice of deposition parameters could yield films with superior cycling durability. Thus a similar to 300 nm-thick film prepared at Gamma = 0.90, p(tot) = 10 mTorr, and P-s = 200 W showed Delta T approximate to 65% after an initial "training" during similar to 100 voltammetric cycles; higher values of p(tot), on the other hand, yielded films whose Delta Ts degraded by similar to 10% during the cycling, and a lower value of p(tot) led to dark films with only marginal electrochromism. Hence our work delineates a pathway towards W oxide films with excellent durability of the EC properties.
14.	Berglund, Sara, et al. (författare) Cardiorenal function and survival in in-hospital cardiac arrest : A nationwide study of 22,819 cases 2022 Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 172, s. 9-16 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: We studied the association between cardiorenal function and survival, neurological outcome and trends in survival after in-hospital Methods: We included cases aged 18 years in the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Registry during 2008 to 2020. The CKD-EPI equation was used to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). A history of heart failure was defined according to contemporary guideline criteria. Logistic regression was used to study survival. Neurological outcome was assessed using cerebral performance category (CPC). Results: We studied 22,819 patients with IHCA. The 30-day survival was 19.3%, 16.6%, 22.5%, 28.8%, 39.3%, 44.8% and 38.4% in cases with eGFR < 15, 15-29, 30-44, 45-59, 60-89, 90-130 and 130-150 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively. All eGFR levels below and above 90 ml/min/1.73 m2 were associated with increased mortality. Probability of survival at 30 days was 62% lower in cases with eGFR < 15 ml/min/1.73 m2, compared with normal kidney function. At every level of eGFR, presence of heart failure increased mortality markedly; patients without heart failure displayed higher mortality only at eGFR below 30 ml/min/1.73 m2. Among survivors with eGFR < 15 ml/min/1.73 m2, good neurological outcome was noted in 87.2%. Survival increased in most groups over time, but most for those with eGFR < 15 ml/min/1.73 m2, and least for those with normal eGFR. Conclusions: All eGFR levels below and above normal range are associated with increased mortality and this association is modified by the presence of heart failure. Neurological outcome is good in the majority of cases, across kidney function levels and survival is increasing.
15.	Cavallaro, Sara, et al. (författare) Multiplexed electrokinetic sensor for detection and therapy monitoring of extracellular vesicles from liquid biopsies of non-small-cell lung cancer patients 2021 Ingår i: Biosensors & bioelectronics. - : Elsevier. - 0956-5663 .- 1873-4235. ; 193 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Liquid biopsies based on extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a promising tool for treatment monitoring of tumors, including non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC). In this study, we report on a multiplexed electrokinetic sensor for surface protein profiling of EVs from clinical samples. The method detects the difference in the streaming current generated by EV binding to the surface of a functionalized microcapillary, thereby estimating the expression level of a marker. Using multiple microchannels functionalized with different antibodies in a parallel fluidic connection, we first demonstrate the capacity for simultaneous detection of multiple surface markers in small EVs (sEVs) from NSCLC cells. To investigate the prospects of liquid biopsies based on EVs, we then apply the method to profile sEVs isolated from the pleural effusion (PE) fluids of five NSCLC patients with different genomic alterations (ALK, KRAS or EGFR) and applied treatments (chemotherapy, EGFR- or ALKtyrosine kinase inhibitors). The vesicles were targeted against CD9, as well as EGFR and PD-L1, two treatment targets in NSCLC. The electrokinetic signals show detection of these markers on sEVs, highlighting distinct interpatient differences, e.g., increased EGFR levels in sEVs from a patient with EGFR mutation as compared to an ALK-fusion one. The sensors also detect differences in PD-L1 expressions. The analysis of sEVs from a patient prior and post ALK-TKI crizotinib treatment reveals significant increases in the expressions of some markers (EGFR and PD-L1). These results hold promise for the application of the method for tumor treatment monitoring based on sEVs from patient liquid biopsies.
16.	Chung, Nguyen Xuan, et al. (författare) Optimized electrochemical breakdown etching using temporal voltage variation for formation of nanopores in a silicon membrane 2021 Ingår i: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 331 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Dielectric breakdown etching is a well-known method of making nanopores on thin (similar to 50 nm) dielectric membranes. However, voltage driven translocation of biomolecules through such nanopores becomes extremely fast. For improved detection, for instance by the current blockage, a high-aspect-ratio nanopore could be beneficial for slowing down the translocation. High-aspect-ratio nanopore on silicon fabrication requires a well-controlled process and is dependent on specific crystal orientation, dopant type and resistivity of substrate. Therefore, an optimized method of processing high-aspect-ratio nanopores is necessary considering the advantage of a silicon membrane being able to be integrated with standard CMOS processing. Here, we present an optimized fabrication method for mass-producing a single and an array of nanopores on a thick (2 mu m) silicon device layer based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer. A method of temporal voltage variation is exploited to optimize the etching parameters for the nanopore formation during electrochemical breakdown etching, diameters of nanopores around 12 nm have been achieved. Besides, the correlation between the parameters of etching and nanopore diameter is deduced. The processed high-aspect-ratio nanopore enables applications in single-molecule sensing such as DNA, exosomes, viruses, and protein markers. The developed process is inexpensive, fast and can be batch fabricated.
17.	Cicirò, Ylenia, et al. (författare) The mitotic checkpoint kinase BUB1 is a direct and actionable target of MYB in adenoid cystic carcinoma 2024 Ingår i: FEBS Letters. - 0014-5793 .- 1873-3468. ; 598:2, s. 252-265 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a head and neck cancer that frequently originates in salivary glands, but can also strike other exocrine glands such as the breast. A key molecular alteration found in the majority of ACC cases is MYB gene rearrangements, leading to activation of the oncogenic transcription factor MYB. In this study, we used immortalised breast epithelial cells and an inducible MYB transgene as a model of ACC. Molecular profiling confirmed that MYB-driven gene expression causes a transition into an ACC-like state. Using this new cell model, we identified BUB1 as a targetable kinase directly controlled by MYB, whose pharmacological inhibition caused MYB-dependent synthetic lethality, growth arrest and apoptosis of patient-derived cells and organoids.
18.	Ge, Chenjie, 1991, et al. (författare) Unsupervised deep learning and analysis of harmonic variation patterns using big data from multiple locations 2021 Ingår i: Electric power systems research. - : Elsevier. - 0378-7796 .- 1873-2046. ; 194 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper addresses the issue of automatically seeking and identifying daily, weekly and seasonal patterns in harmonic voltage from measurement data at multiple locations. We propose a novel framework that employs deep autoencoder (DAE) followed by k-mean clustering. The DAE is used for extracting principal features from time series of harmonic voltages. A new strategy is used for training the encoder in DAE from data at one selected location that is effective for subsequent feature extraction from data at multiple locations. To analyze the patterns, several empirical analysis approaches are applied on the clustered principal features, including the distribution of daily patterns over the week and the year, representative waveform sequences of individual classes, and feature maps for visualizing high-dimensional feature space through low-dimensional embedding. The proposed scheme has been tested on a dataset containing harmonic measurements at 10 low-voltage locations in Sweden for the whole year of 2017. Results show distinct principal patterns for most harmonics that can be related to the use of equipment causing harmonic distortion. This information can assist network operators in finding the origin of harmonic distortion and deciding about mitigation actions. The proposed scheme is the first to provide a useful analysis tool and insight for finding and analyzing underlying patterns from harmonic variation data at multiple locations.
19.	Kolsrud, Oscar, et al. (författare) Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on renal function during cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized pig model. 2020 Ingår i: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1873-734X. ; 57:4, s. 652-659 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Acute kidney injury is a well-known complication after cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In this experimental animal study, we evaluated the effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on renal function, perfusion, oxygenation and tubular injury during CPB.Twenty pigs were blindly randomized to continuous infusion of either ANP (50ng/kg/min) or placebo before, during and after CPB. Renal blood flow as well as cortical and medullary perfusion was measured. Blood was repeatedly sampled from the renal vein. Glomerular filtration rate was measured by infusion clearance of 51Cr-EDTA.Glomerular filtration rate was higher (P<0.001), whereas renal blood flow or renal oxygen delivery was not affected by ANP during CPB. Renal oxygen consumption did not differ between groups during CPB, whereas renal oxygen extraction was higher in the ANP group (P=0.03). Urine flow and sodium excretion were higher in the ANP group during CPB. Blood flow in the renal medulla, but not in the cortex, dropped during CPB, an effect that was not seen in the animals that received ANP.ANP improved renal function during CPB. Despite impaired renal oxygenation, ANP did not cause tubular injury, suggesting a renoprotective effect of ANP during CPB. Also, CPB induced a selectively reduced blood flow in the renal medulla, an effect that was counteracted by ANP.
20.	Kroik, Lena, 1962-, et al. (författare) Using narrative analysis to explore traditional Sámi knowledge through storytelling about End-of-Life 2020 Ingår i: Health and Place. - : Elsevier. - 1353-8292 .- 1873-2054. ; 65 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this narrative study, we investigate salient Sámi-specific aspects of a death system, inspired by Kastenbaum's model. We explore traditional Sámi knowledge derived through storytelling in go-along group discussions to gravesites at the tree-line with cultural and historical significance for the Indigenous Sámi peoples. Analysis illustrates how important material and immaterial cultural values are transferred across generations through their connection to people, place, and time—nature-bound as opposed to calendar-bound— objects, and symbols in relation to end-of-life issues. We found that the environment both shaped storytelling and became part of the stories themselves.
21.	Lai, Jianwen, et al. (författare) Calcium Oxide Adsorption of Gas Phase PCDD/Fs and Its Impact on the Adsorption Properties of Activated Carbon 2024 Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Springer. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 361 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Calcium oxide (CaO), utilized in semi-dry/dry desulfurization systems at municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plants, demonstrates some capability to remove polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). This study assessed the gas-phase PCDD/F removal performance of CaO, activated carbon (AC) and CaO-AC mixtures. Alone, CaO achieved removal efficiencies of only 31.9% for mass and 50.8% for I-TEQ concentration. However, CaO-AC mixtures exhibited significantly higher efficiencies, reaching 96.0% and 92.5% for mass and I-TEQ concentrations, respectively, surpassing those of AC alone, which were 74.7% and 58.5%. BET analysis indicated that CaO's limited surface area and pore structure are major constraints on its adsorption performance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the π-π electron donor-acceptor (EDA) interaction enhances the adsorption between AC and PCDD/F, with adsorption energies ranging from -1.02 to -1.24 eV. Additionally, the induced dipole interactions between CaO and PCDD/F contribute to adsorption energies ranging from -1.13 to -1.43 eV. Moreover, with increasing chlorination levels, PCDD/F molecules are more predisposed to accept electron transfers from the surfaces of AC or CaO, thereby facilitating adsorption. The calculation for mixed AC and CaO showed that CaO modifies AC's properties, enhancing its ability to adsorb gas phase PCDD/Fs, with the higher adsorption energy and more electrons transfer, aligning with gas phase PCDD/Fs adsorption experiments. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of how CaO influences the PCDD/F adsorption performance of AC.
22.	Lombardo, Gabriele, 1990, et al. (författare) Incineration of EV Lithium-ion batteries as a pretreatment for recycling – Determination of the potential formation of hazardous by-products and effects on metal compounds 2020 Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3336 .- 0304-3894. ; 393 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In several industrial Lithium-ion batteries recycling processes, a thermal treatment with oxidative atmosphere is used to separate the battery components and to remove the organic components. This method is often combined with hydrometallurgical processes with the aim to increase the metal recovery rate or to improve the efficiency of the existing processes. Despite such efforts, the effects of a thermal treatment in an oxidative atmosphere on the microstructure and composition on cathode and anode materials has not been explored. In this manuscript, spent batteries which cathode active material has the composition Li(NixMnyCoz)Oz, i.e. NMC-LiBs, were subjected to thermal treatment at 400˚, 500˚, 600˚, and 700 °C for 30, 60, and 90 min. The microstructure and the composition were studied using XRD and ICP-OES. Thermodynamic calculations were performed to forecast the trend of the carbothermic reduction of active materials. It was observed the formation of gas and organic oil by-products from the decomposition of the polypropylene separator and the polyvinylidene fluoride binder. The identification of the composition of these by-products has great importance since they have a corrosive and toxic behavior. It was observed the fluorine behavior during the thermal treatment and its presence in the oil by-products.
23.	Maiorano, Diego, et al. (författare) Measuring empowerment : Choices, values and norms 2021 Ingår i: World Development. - : Elsevier. - 0305-750X .- 1873-5991. ; 138 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this paper, we present a novel, survey-based method to measure people's empowerment, across different domains of their lives. The method includes three elements: (i) a direct measurement of decision-making, defined as the ability to make choices; (ii) a measure of whether people have reasons to value those choices; and (iii) a measure of the role that prevailing social norms play in determining people's ability to make strategic life choices. We build an Empowerment score that is computed using these three elements. In the second part of the paper we, first, evaluate the effectiveness of the tool, using original survey data from India. We show that using the Empowerment score makes a substantial difference compared to a simpler (and less theoretically rigorous) score based on direct measurement of decision-making only. Second, we apply the Alkire-Foster method to compute an Empowerment index that allows for comparisons of empowerment levels across locations, contexts, social groups and time. The Empowerment score has important policy applications. It can be used as a variable in policy and programme evaluations and to identify not only those who make or do not make a certain choice, but also individuals who do not value making those choices and if they might be conforming to social norms. In this way, the tool can assist in directing government attention to work with marginalised groups in making choices they want to make rather than pressing them into making choices that they do not value.
24.	Marquer, Laurent, et al. (författare) Pollen-based reconstruction of Holocene land-cover in mountain regions : Evaluation of the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm in the Vicdessos valley, northern Pyrenees, France 2020 Ingår i: Quaternary Science Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 0277-3791 .- 1873-457X. ; 228, s. 1-15 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract Long-term perspectives on climate- and human-induced shifts in plant communities and tree line in mountains are often inferred from fossil pollen records. However, various factors, such as complex patterns of orographic wind fields and abundant insect-pollinated plants in higher altitudes, make pollen-based reconstruction in mountain regions difficult. Over the last decade the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm (LRA) - a model-based approach in reconstruction of vegetation - has been successfully applied in various parts of the globe. However, evaluation of its effectiveness in mountain ranges is still limited. The present study assesses the extent to which the LRA approach helps quantify the local changes in vegetation cover at Vicdessos valley in northern French Pyrenees as a case study. In the study area well-dated sediment cores are available from eight bogs and ponds, 6-113 m in radius, located above the current tree line. We first use a simple simulation experiment to evaluate the way how pollen records from "landscape islands" (mountain tops and plateaus) would represent local vegetation and to clarify important factors affecting the LRA-based reconstruction in a mountainous region. This study then uses pollen records from these sites and vegetation and land-cover data both within a 50-km radius around the Vicdessos valley and within a 2-km radius from each site for evaluation of the REVEALS- and LOVE-based reconstruction of the regional and local plant cover, respectively, in the LRA approach. The land-cover data are complied for coniferous trees, broadleaved trees and non-forested areas from the CORINE and historical maps in three time windows: 1960-1970, 1990-2000 and 2000-2013. Major findings are as follows. (1) Accuracy of the regional vegetation estimates affects the reliability of the LRA-based reconstruction of vegetation within a 2-km radius; use of the CORINE data as input to the LOVE model improves reliability of the results over the use of the REVEALS-based estimates of regional vegetation. This implies that a systematic selection of pollen data only from sites above the tree line is problematic for estimating regional vegetation, and thus the entire LRA process. (2) Selection of the dispersal models for pollen transport (i.e. the Langrangian Stochastic Model vs. Gaussian Plume Model) does not affect significantly the LRA-based estimates at both the regional and local scales in the study area. (3) The LRA approach improves the pollen-based reconstruction of local vegetation compared to pollen percentage alone in northern Pyrenees. Although further empirical and simulation studies are necessary, our results emphasize the importance of site selection for the LRA-based reconstruction of vegetation in mountain regions. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
25.	Marquer, Laurent, et al. (författare) Reply to Theuerkauf and Couwenberg (2020) comment on : "Pollen-based reconstruction of Holocene land-cover in mountain regions: Evaluation of the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm in the Vicdessos valley, northern Pyrenees, France" 2020 Ingår i: Quaternary Science Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 0277-3791 .- 1873-457X. ; 244, s. 1-3 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
26.	Mullier, Geoffrey A., et al. (författare) Constraints on the Higgs boson self-coupling from single- and double-Higgs production with the ATLAS detector using pp collisions at √s=13 TeV 2023 Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 843 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Constraints on the Higgs boson self-coupling are set by combining double-Higgs boson analyses in the b¯bb¯b, b¯bτ +τ − and b¯bγγ decay channels with single-Higgs boson analyses targeting the γγ , Z Z∗, W W ∗, τ +τ − and b¯b decay channels. The data used in these analyses were recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton–proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 126–139 fb−1. The combination of the double-Higgs analyses sets an upper limit of μH H < 2.4 at 95% confidence level on the double-Higgs production cross-section normalised to its Standard Model prediction. Combining the single-Higgs and double-Higgs analyses, with the assumption that new physics affects only the Higgs boson self-coupling (λHHH ), values outside the interval −0.4 < κλ = (λHHH /λ ) < 6.3 are excluded at 95% confidence level. The combined single-Higgs and double-Higgs analyses provide results with fewer assumptions, by adding in the fit more coupling modifiers introduced to account for the Higgs boson interactions with the other Standard Model particles. In this relaxed scenario, the constraint becomes −1.4 < κλ < 6.1 at 95% CL
27.	Mullier, G.A., et al. (författare) Observation of gauge boson joint-polarisation states in W± Z production from pp collisions at √s=13TeV with the ATLAS detector 2023 Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 843 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Measurements of joint-polarisation states of W and Z gauge bosons in W±Z production are presented. The data set used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The W±Z candidate events are reconstructed using leptonic decay modes of the gauge bosons into electrons and muons. The simultaneous pair-production of longitudinally polarised vector bosons is measured for the first time with a significance of 7.1 standard deviations. The measured joint helicity fractions integrated over the fiducial region are f00=0.067±0.010, f0T=0.110±0.029, fT0=0.179±0.023 and fTT=0.644±0.032, in agreement with the next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions. Individual helicity fractions of the W and Z bosons are also measured and found to be consistent with joint helicity fractions within the expected amounts of correlation. Both the joint and individual helicity fractions are also measured separately in W+Z and W−Z events. Inclusive and differential cross sections for several kinematic observables sensitive to polarisation are presented.
28.	Ng, Nawi, 1974, et al. (författare) Income inequality and old-age mortality in Sweden: do regional development and lagged effect matter? 2020 Ingår i: Health and Place. - : Elsevier BV. - 1353-8292 .- 1873-2054. ; 64 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We designed a retrospective cohort study for exploring the impact of municipality-level income inequality, based on the Gini 1986, 2004 indices, on all-cause old-age mortality among the older Swedish population during 2005–2009. We controlled for the confounding effects of individual and regional correlates and the lag effects of inequality by using multilevel logistic regression. The effects of income inequality were not consistent across age cohorts and, among the youngest cohorts, were negligible. This study reiterates that individual-level economics rather than the immediate or lagged effects of income inequality matter more for old-age mortality, even after controlling for individual and regional factors. © 2020 The Authors
29.	Pedersen, Marie, et al. (författare) Hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide in human blood-What has been done and what is next? 2022 Ingår i: Food and Chemical Toxicology. - 0278-6915 .- 1873-6351. ; 161 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Acrylamide forms in many commonly consumed foods. In animals, acrylamide causes tumors, neurotoxicity, developmental and reproductive effects. Acrylamide crosses the placenta and has been associated with restriction of intrauterine growth and certain cancers. The impact on human health is poorly understood and it is impossible to say what level of dietary exposure to acrylamide can be deemed safe as the assessment of exposure is un-certain. The determination of hemoglobin (Hb) adducts from acrylamide is increasingly being used to improve the exposure assessment of acrylamide. We aim to outline the literature on Hb adduct levels from acrylamide in humans and discuss methodological issues and research gaps. A total of 86 studies of 27,966 individuals from 19 countries were reviewed. Adduct levels were highest in occupationally exposed individuals and smokers. Levels ranged widely from 3 to 210 pmol/g Hb in non-smokers from the general population and this wide range sug-gests that dietary exposure to acrylamide varies largely. Non-smokers from the US and Canada had slightly higher levels as compared with non-smokers from elsewhere, but differences within studies were larger than between studies. Large studies with exposure assessment of acrylamide and related adduct forming compounds from diet during early-life are encouraged for the evaluation of health effects.
30.	Sadia, Mohammad, 1986-, et al. (författare) Trace level analyses of selected perfluoroalkyl acids in food : Method development and data generation 2020 Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 263:A Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract To comprise the future requirements to detect low levels of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) including branched and linear perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) in food items, analytical methods for their determination in five different food matrices (cow milk, butter, chicken meat, beef, and fish) were developed and validated. Analytical method for eggs was only validated for PFOS and PFOA because of interfering substance appeared in some samples. The method applied on foods of animal origin includes alkaline digestion, extraction, and clean-up with solid phase extraction and adsorption on granular carbon where necessary. The method was shown effective to eliminate taurodeoxycholic acid (TDC), a bile acid that is an endogenous interference compound in egg samples causing ionization suppression and false positive result for PFOS when 499 > 80 transition was used for quantification. The validation was performed and resulted in recoveries >70% for all three PFAAs, the limits of quantification (LOQs) in all matrices were 3.1 pg g−1, 3.4 pg g−1, and 4.9 pg g−1 for PFHxS, PFOA, and L-PFOS, respectively. The optimized method was successfully applied to 53 food samples from the Swedish market and from developing countries. PFOS and PFOA were detected in all samples. PFHxS was detected in 76% of the samples. Further method development on separating interfering substance from PFHxS in egg is warranted due to relatively high detection of this compound in other food items. With this method, concentrations in the low pg g−1 range in food samples of animal origin were quantified including the branched PFOS isomers. This method can be applied to enforce potential future limit values for PFOS and PFOA as a consequence of the recent European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommendation where the tolerable intakes have been drastically lowered. Further method development is needed for foods of plant origin such as vegetables, flour, nuts, or bread.
31.	Sahu, Siddharth S., et al. (författare) Electrokinetic sandwich assay and DNA mediated charge amplification for enhanced sensitivity and specificity 2021 Ingår i: Biosensors & bioelectronics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-5663 .- 1873-4235. ; 176 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract An electrical immuno-sandwich assay utilizing an electrokinetic-based streaming current method for signal transduction is proposed. The method records the changes in streaming current, first when a target molecule binds to the capture probes immobilized on the inner surface of a silica micro-capillary, and then when the detection probes interact with the bound target molecules on the surface. The difference in signals in these two steps constitute the response of the assay, which offers better target selectivity and a linear concentration dependent response for a target concentration within the range 0.2-100 nM. The proof of concept is demonstrated by detecting different concentrations of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) in both phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and spiked in E. coli cell lysate. A superior target specificity for the sandwich assay compared to the corresponding direct assay is demonstrated along with a limit of detection of 90 pM in PBS. The prospect of improving the detection sensitivity was theoretically analysed, which indicated that the charge contrast between the target and the detection probe plays a crucial role in determining the signal. This aspect was then experimentally validated by modulating the zeta potential of the detection probe by conjugating negatively charged DNA oligonucleotides. The length of the conjugated DNA was varied from 5 to 30 nucleotides, altering the zeta potential of the detection probe from -9.3 +/- 0.8 mV to -20.1 +/- 0.9 mV. The measurements showed a clear and consistent enhancement of detection signal as a function of DNA lengths. The results presented here conclusively demonstrate the role of electric charge in detection sensitivity as well as the prospect for further improvement. The study therefore is a step forward in developing highly selective and sensitive electrokinetic assays for possible application in clinical investigations.
32.	Sahu, Siddharth Sourabh, et al. (författare) Influence of molecular size and zeta potential in electrokinetic biosensing 2020 Ingår i: Biosensors & bioelectronics. - : Elsevier. - 0956-5663 .- 1873-4235. ; 152 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Electrokinetic principles such as streaming current and streaming potential are extensively used for surface characterization. Recently, they have also been used in biosensors, resulting in enhanced sensitivity and simpler device architecture. Theoretical models regarding streaming current/potential studies of particle-covered surfaces have identified features such as the particle size, shape and surface charge to influence the electrokinetic signals and consequently, the sensitivity and effective operational regime of the biosensor. By using a set of well-characterized proteins with varying size and net surface charge, this article experimentally verifies the theoretical predictions about their influence on the sensor signal. Increasing protein size was shown to enhance the signal when their net surface charge was either opposite to that of the sensor surface, or close to zero, in agreement with the theoretical predictions. However, the effect gradually saturated as the protein size exceeded the coulomb screening length of the electrolyte. In contrast, the proteins containing the same type of charge as the surface showed little or no difference, except that the signal inverted. The magnitude of the surface charge was also shown to influence the signal. The sensitivity of the technique for protein detection varied over two orders of magnitude, depending upon the size and surface charge. Furthermore, the capacity of the electrokinetic method for direct electrical detection of various proteins, including those carrying little or no net electric charges, is demonstrated.
33.	Sheina, Elena, et al. (författare) Optimal parameters of a multi-frequency experiment in an inverse problem of determining the dielectric constant of an inclusion in free space and in a waveguide 2022 Ingår i: Measurement. - : Elsevier. - 0263-2241 .- 1873-412X. ; 187 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A semi-analytical approach to the ill-posed inverse problem of reconstructing the dielectric constant of dielectric objects placed in free space or in a waveguide is proposed. It is shown that the advantage of an experiment, performed at huge frequency array, is the possibility of formulating a well-posed vector problem with attainable experimental parameters. The method substantiates the analysis of the operators of forward scattering problems, which makes it possible to justify the unique solvability of the studied inverse problem. It is proved that a solution to the problem can be found by the least squares method from the measurement data obtained in an imperfect experiment; it converges to the desired parameter of the test material while improving the quality of the experimental setup and reducing noise; the convergence rate grows with an increase in the number of frequencies used in the measurement.
34.	Sim, Thomas G., et al. (författare) Regional variability in peatland burning at mid-to high-latitudes during the Holocene 2023 Ingår i: Quaternary Science Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 0277-3791 .- 1873-457X. ; 305 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Northern peatlands store globally-important amounts of carbon in the form of partly decomposed plant detritus. Drying associated with climate and land-use change may lead to increased fire frequency and severity in peatlands and the rapid loss of carbon to the atmosphere. However, our understanding of the patterns and drivers of peatland burning on an appropriate decadal to millennial timescale relies heavily on individual site-based reconstructions. For the first time, we synthesise peatland macrocharcoal re-cords from across North America, Europe, and Patagonia to reveal regional variation in peatland burning during the Holocene. We used an existing database of proximal sedimentary charcoal to represent regional burning trends in the wider landscape for each region. Long-term trends in peatland burning appear to be largely climate driven, with human activities likely having an increasing influence in the late Holocene. Warmer conditions during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (similar to 9e6 cal. ka BP) were associated with greater peatland burning in North America's Atlantic coast, southern Scandinavia and the Baltics, and Patagonia. Since the Little Ice Age, peatland burning has declined across North America and in some areas of Europe. This decline is mirrored by a decrease in wider landscape burning in some, but not all sub-regions, linked to fire-suppression policies, and landscape fragmentation caused by agricultural expansion. Peatlands demonstrate lower susceptibility to burning than the wider landscape in several instances, probably because of autogenic processes that maintain high levels of near-surface wetness even during drought. Nonetheless, widespread drying and degradation of peatlands, particularly in Europe, has likely increased their vulnerability to burning in recent centuries. Consequently, peatland restoration efforts are important to mitigate the risk of peatland fire under a changing climate. Finally, we make recommendations for future research to improve our understanding of the controls on peatland fires.(c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
35.	Sorar, Idris, et al. (författare) Durability and rejuvenation of electrochromic tungsten oxide thin films in LiClO4-propylene carbonate viscous electrolyte : Effect of Ti doping of the film and polyethylene oxide addition to the electrolyte 2023 Ingår i: Solid State Sciences. - : Elsevier. - 1293-2558 .- 1873-3085. ; 137 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Tungsten oxide and titanium doped tungsten oxide thin films, deposited by sputtering, were immersed in a viscous electrolyte comprised of LiClO4 in propylene carbonate and 2.0 wt% of polyethylene oxide (PEO). Electrochromic properties of the films were investigated by electrochemical techniques and in situ transmittance measurements. Cyclic voltammetry data were taken in the voltage ranges 2.0–4.0 and 1.5–4.0 V vs Li/Li+ for up to 500 cycles. A potentiostatic rejuvenation treatment was then performed on the degraded electrochromic films, at 6.0 V for 20 h, which was subsequently followed by another cyclic voltammetry measurement. Titanium incorporation into tungsten oxide resulted in a small cyclic stability improvement in the 2.0–4.0-V range, whereas less pronounced effects were observed for cycling in the 1.5–4.0-V range. Combining the results of the present study with our previous work, we are able to assess the relative merits of titanium incorporation and PEO addition to the electrolyte for the durability of electrochromic tungsten oxide thin films. Titanium addition was found advantageous for electrochemical durability in the 2.0–4.0-V range, but no clear benefits of PEO in the electrolyte were seen. On the other hand, in the wider 1.5–4.0-V range, tungsten oxide exhibited better durability than titanium-containing films, and this was especially so after rejuvenation in the PEO-containing electrolyte.
36.	Strandberg, Gustav, 1977-, et al. (författare) Mid-Holocene European climate revisited : New high-resolution regional climate model simulations using pollen-based land-cover 2022 Ingår i: Quaternary Science Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 0277-3791 .- 1873-457X. ; 281 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Land-cover changes have a clear impact on local climates via biophysical effects. European land cover has been affected by human activities for at least 6000 years, but possibly longer. It is thus highly probable that humans altered climate before the industrial revolution (AD1750-1850). In this study, climate and vegetation 6000 years (6 ka) ago is investigated using one global climate model, two regional climate models, one dynamical vegetation model, pollen-based reconstruction of past vegetation cover using a model of the pollen-vegetation relationship and a statistical model for spatial interpolation of the reconstructed land cover. This approach enables us to study 6 ka climate with potential natural and reconstructed land cover, and to determine how differences in land cover impact upon simulated climate. The use of two regional climate models enables us to discuss the robustness of the results. This is the first experiment with two regional climate models of simulated palaeo-climate based on regional climate models. Different estimates of 6 ka vegetation are constructed: simulated potential vegetation and reconstructed vegetation. Potential vegetation is the natural climate-induced vegetation as simulated by a dynamical vegetation model driven by climate conditions from a climate model. Bayesian spatial model interpolated point estimates of pollen-based plant abundances combined with estimates of climate-induced potential un-vegetated land cover were used for reconstructed vegetation. The simulated potential vegetation is heavily dominated by forests: evergreen coniferous forests dominate in northern and eastern Europe, while deciduous broadleaved forests dominate central and western Europe. In contrast, the reconstructed vegetation cover has a large component of open land in most of Europe. The simulated 6 ka climate using reconstructed vegetation was 0-5 degrees C warmer than the pre-industrial (PI) climate, depending on season and region. The largest differences are seen in north-eastern Europe in winter with about 4-6 degrees C, and the smallest differences (close to zero) in southwestern Europe in winter. The simulated 6 ka climate had 10-20% more precipitation than PI climate in northern Europe and 10-20% less precipitation in southern Europe in summer. The results are in reasonable agreement with proxy-based climate reconstructions and previous similar climate modelling studies. As expected, the global model and regional models indicate relatively similar climates albeit with regional differences indicating that, models response to land-cover changes differently. The results indicate that the anthropogenic land-cover changes, as given by the reconstructed vegetation, in this study are large enough to have a significant impact on climate. It is likely that anthropogenic impact on European climate via land-use change was already taking place at 6 ka. Our results suggest that anthropogenic land-cover changes at 6 ka lead to around 0.5 degrees C warmer in southern Europe in summer due to biogeophysical forcing. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
37.	Stridfeldt, Fredrik, et al. (författare) Analyses of single extracellular vesicles from non-small lung cancer cells to reveal effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor treatments 2023 Ingår i: Talanta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-9140 .- 1873-3573. ; 259 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Precision cancer medicine has changed the treatment landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as illustrated by the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) towards mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, as responses to EGFR-TKIs are heterogenous among NSCLC patients, there is a need for ways to early monitor changes in treatment response in a non-invasive way e.g., in patient's blood samples. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as a source of tumor biomarkers which could improve on non-invasive liquid biopsy-based diagnosis of cancer. However, the heterogeneity in EVs is high. Putative biomarker candidates may be hidden in the differential expression of membrane proteins in a subset of EVs hard to identify using bulk techniques. Using a fluorescence-based approach, we demonstrate that a single-EV tech-nique can detect alterations in EV surface protein profiles. We analyzed EVs isolated from an EGFR-mutant NSCLC cell line, which is refractory to EGFR-TKIs erlotinib and responsive to osimertinib, before and after treatment with these drugs and after cisplatin chemotherapy. We studied expression level of five proteins; two tetraspanins (CD9, CD81), and three markers of interest in lung cancer (EGFR, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)). The data reveal alterations induced by the osimertinib treatment compared to the other two treatments. These include the growth of the PD-L1/HER2-positive EV population, with the largest increase in vesicles exclusively expressing one of the two proteins. The expression level per EV decreased for these markers. On the other hand, both the TKIs had a similar effect on the EGFR-positive EV population.
38.	Strömberg, Axel, et al. (författare) Heteroepitaxy of GaAsP and GaP on GaAs and Si by low pressure hydride vapor phase epitaxy 2020 Ingår i: Journal of Crystal Growth. - : ELSEVIER. - 0022-0248 .- 1873-5002. ; 540 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Direct heteroepitaxy of GaAsP and GaP on GaAs and on Si by low-pressure hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) is investigated as prior studies for photovoltaics and non-linear optics applications. When growing GaAsP on GaAs, it is found that the ambient gas during substrate pre-heating influences the ternary composition as well as the crystalline quality of the subsequent growth. GaAs0.72P0.28 with bandgap energy of 1.76 eV has been achieved, which would be suitable for a top cell in Si tandem solar cell structures. Growth of GaP was investigated on planar GaAs as a prior study for realizing orientation patterned (OP) GaP on OP-GaAs. Threading dislocations caused by the 3.6% lattice mismatch between GaP and GaAs are suppressed by adjusting the GaCl flow, achieving a low full width at half maximum of 146 arcsec for the X-ray diffraction omega scan. Direct heteroepitaxy of GaAsP on Si aiming for achieving a GaAsP/Si dual junction solar cell is demonstrated. The inherent problem of initiating nucleation during the direct heteroepitaxy of III-V on Si by HVPE is overcome by utilizing the vapor mixing approach to grow a low-temperature GaP buffer layer on Si, followed by a GaAsP layer grown by conventional HVPE.
39.	Sun, Zhendong, et al. (författare) 4-Hexylphenol influences adipogenic differentiation and hepatic lipid accumulation in vitro 2021 Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 268:Part A Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Finding the potential environmental obesogens is crucial to explain the prevalence of obesity and the related pathologies. Increasing evidence has showed that many chemicals with endocrine disrupting effects can disturb lipid metabolism. Whether 4-hexylphenol (4-HP), a widely-used surfactant and a potential endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC), is associated to influence adipogenesis and hepatic lipid accumulation remained to be elucidated. In this study, both the 3T3-L1 differentiation model and oleic acid (OA)-treated HepG2 cells were used to investigate the effects of 4-HP on lipid metabolism, and the underlying estrogen receptor (ER)-involved mechanism was explored using MVLN assay, molecular docking simulation and the antagonist test. The results based on lipid droplet staining and triglyceride accumulation assay showed that 4-HP treatment promoted the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and increased hepatic cellular OA accumulation in exposure concentration-dependent manners. The study on the elaborated transcription networks indicated that 4-HP activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) as well as the subsequent adipogenic gene program in 3T3-L1 cells. This chemical also induced the increase of OA uptake and decreases of de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in HepG2 cells. The agonistic activity of 4-HP in triggering ER-mediated pathway was shown to correlate with its perturbation in lipid metabolism, as evidenced by the enhanced development of mature lipid-laden adipocytes and suppression of excessive hepatic lipid accumulation upon its co-treatment with ER antagonist. Altogether, these findings provide new insights into the potential health impacts of 4-HP exposure as it may relate to obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
40.	Vryonidis, Efstathios, 1989-, et al. (författare) Dietary intake of acrylamide in the Norwegian EuroMix biomonitoring study : Comparing probabilistic dietary estimates with haemoglobin adduct measurements 2023 Ingår i: Food and Chemical Toxicology. - 0278-6915 .- 1873-6351. ; 180 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Acrylamide is a probable human carcinogen with widespread exposure via food. The present study compared acrylamide intake measurements obtained from haemoglobin adduct levels and self-registered dietary consumption data in a group of 144 Norwegian healthy adults. Acrylamide adducts to N-terminal valine in haemoglobin were measured and used to estimate the intake via the internal dose approach which showed a median (interquartile range) of 0.24 (0.19–0.30) μg/kg bw/day. Data from weighed food records and food frequency questionnaires from the same individuals were used for probabilistic modelling of the intake of acrylamide. The median acrylamide intake was calculated to be 0.26 (0.16–0.39) and 0.30 (0.23–0.39) μg/kg bw/day, respectively from the two sources of self-registered dietary consumption data. Overall, a relatively good agreement was observed between the methods in pairwise comparison in Bland-Altman plots, with the methods disagreeing with 7% or less of the values. The intake estimates obtained with the two dietary consumption methods and one biomarker method are in line with earlier dietary estimates in the Norwegian population. The Margin of Exposure indicate a possible health risk concern from dietary acrylamide. This is the first study with a comparison in the same individuals of acrylamide intake estimates obtained with these methods.
41.	Wallman, Magdalena, 1976, et al. (författare) Nitrous oxide emissions from five fertilizer treatments during one year-High-frequency measurements on a Swedish Cambisol 2022 Ingår i: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8809 .- 1873-2305. ; 337 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a strong greenhouse gas, and the emissions from managed soils are increasing. Emissions of N2O are highly variable in time and space, and there are potential triggers for emission peaks both in crop season and no-crop season. The aim of this study was to compare how fertilizer treatments, differing in rate and source of nitrogen (N), influence direct N2O emissions from soil, in crop season as well as in no-crop season, with the use of automated, high-frequency chamber measurements. Emissions were measured from cereal production on a Swedish clay-rich soil fertilized with biogas digestate, pig slurry and two levels of mineral N, as well as from control plots receiving no fertilizer N. The results showed that N2O emissions per unit area were low in all treatments, compared to other studies. Emissions from the treatment with mineral fertilizers at recommended rates were similar to the emissions from the control (0.65 and 0.48 kg N2O-N ha(-1) yr(-1), respectively). One-year cumulative emissions from a mineral N input rate 50 % higher than recommended were about three times higher than the control. Emissions of N2O from the pig slurry and biogas digestate treatments per unit area were of the same magnitude as from the high mineral N treatment. While the emissions from the high mineral N treatment were associated with elevated concentrations of nitrate in the drainage water, the high emissions from the organic fertilizer treatments were probably a result of large input of ammonium and degradable organic matter both in the year studied and in the preceding year. Most (approximately 75 %) of the N2O emissions occurred between harvest in autumn and sowing in spring, mainly in periods of freeze-thaw cycles. The relative differences between treatments were roughly the same during crop season and no-crop season. This study concludes that it is possible to combine high yields with very low N2O emissions -even on a clay soil in a semi-humid climate -when using mineral fertilizers at recommended rates.
42.	Xu, Qinghai, et al. (författare) Quantitative Land-Cover Reconstructions for China over the Past 6000 Years 2022 Ingår i: Quaternary International. - : Elsevier. - 1040-6182 .- 1873-4553. ; 641, s. 1-5 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
43.	Acuña Mora, Mariela, 1990, et al. (författare) Taking Charge of Your Health : Enabling Patient Empowerment in Cardiovascular Care 2024 Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Guidelines and consensus in cardiovascular care in recent years have called for patients to be more involved in their care, which can be achieved by becoming more empowered. Yet, there is little clarity on how healthcare professionals can help the patients achieve this goal. The present paper defines patient empowerment, its benefits and the different strategies that can be used in healthcare to empower them. Moreover, potential barriers in the empowering process are also discussed.
44.	Acuña Mora, Mariela, 1990, et al. (författare) The why and the how of communicating research 2023 Ingår i: European journal of cardiovascular nursing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1873-1953 .- 1474-5151. ; 22:3 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
45.	Agerström, Jens, 1976-, et al. (författare) Treatment and survival following in-hospital cardiac arrest : does patient ethnicity matter? 2021 Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AIMS : Previous research on racial/ethnic disparities in relation to cardiac arrest has mainly focused on black vs. white disparities in the USA. The great majority of these studies concerns out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The current nationwide registry study aims to explore whether there are ethnic differences in treatment and survival following in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA), examining possible disparities towards Middle Eastern and African minorities in a European context.METHODS AND RESULTS: In this retrospective registry study, 24 217 patients from the IHCA part of the Swedish Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation were included. Data on patient ethnicity were obtained from Statistics Sweden. Regression analysis was performed to assess the impact of ethnicity on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) delay, CPR duration, survival immediately after CPR, and the medical team's reported satisfaction with the treatment. Middle Eastern and African patients were not treated significantly different compared to Nordic patients when controlling for hospital, year, age, sex, socioeconomic status, comorbidity, aetiology, and initial heart rhythm. Interestingly, we find that Middle Eastern patients were more likely to survive than Nordic patients (odds ratio = 1.52).CONCLUSION: Overall, hospital staff do not appear to treat IHCA patients differently based on their ethnicity. Nevertheless, Middle Eastern patients are more likely to survive IHCA.
46.	Allemann, Hanna, 1979-, et al. (författare) Designing and evaluating information and communication technology-based interventions? Be aware of the needs of older people 2020 Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 19:5, s. 370-372 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract n/a
47.	Almgren, Matilda, et al. (författare) Self-efficacy, recovery and psychological wellbeing one to five years after heart transplantation: a Swedish cross-sectional study 2021 Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 20:1, s. 34-39 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background Self-efficacy refers to a person ' s confidence in carrying out treatment-related activities and constitutes the foundation of self-management as well as long-term follow-up after heart transplantation. Exploring the heart recipients ' experiences by means of self-report instruments provides healthcare professionals with valuable information on how to supply self-management support after heart transplantation. Aims The aim was to explore self-efficacy in relation to the self-reported level of recovery and psychological wellbeing, among adult heart recipients, one to 5 years after transplantation. Methods This cross-sectional study includes 79 heart recipients, due for follow-up one to 5 years after transplantation. Three different self-assessment instruments were employed: the self-efficacy for managing chronic disease 6-item scale; the postoperative recovery profile; and the psychological general wellbeing instrument. Results The reported level of self-efficacy was high (median 8.3, maximum score 10). Significantly higher self-efficacy was seen among those who had returned to work (P = 0.003) and those without pre-transplant mechanical circulatory support (P = 0.033). In total, 65.5% (n = 52) reported being reasonably recovered, while 18.8% (n = 12) were not recovered. The median total psychological general wellbeing score was 108 (P-25 = 24,P-75 = 117), suggesting overall good psychological wellbeing in the whole group of heart recipients. Conclusion The heart transplant recipients in our study had an overall high level of self-efficacy. Low self-efficacy was found among those with a low self-reported level of recovery, pre-transplant treatment with mechanical circulatory support or who had not returned to work. This is important information for transplant professionals when helping heart recipients to balance their expectations about recovery.
48.	Andreae, Christina, et al. (författare) Diet variety mediates the relationship between appetite and micronutrient intake in patients with heart failure 2022 Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 22:5, s. 537-543 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AIMS: Eating a varied diet promotes adequate micronutrient intake. Poor appetite could decrease desire to eat a varied diet leading to dietary micronutrient insufficiencies. The interrelationships among appetite, diet variety, and dietary micronutrient intake has not been investigated in patients with heart failure. The purpose with the study was to determine whether the relationship between appetite and micronutrient insufficiency was mediated through diet variety.METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 238 patients with heart failure, mean age 61 ± 12.1; 68% male and 45% NYHA class III/IV were included in this secondary analysis. Data collection consisted of a four-day food diary and self-reported appetite on a 10-point visual analog scale. Micronutrient insufficiency was defined as the total number of 17 minerals and vitamins that were insufficient in the diet. Diet variety was calculated as the number of 23 food types consumed over the 4 days. Mediation analysis, controlling for co-variates age, gender, NYHA-class and body mass index showed that diet variety mediated the relationship between appetite and micronutrient insufficiencies (indirect effect = -.0828, 95% CI: -.1585 to -.0150). There was no direct effect of appetite on micronutrient insufficiency (c´ = -.1802; 95% CI = -.3715 to.0111).CONCLUSIONS: Diet variety played a previously unrecognized role in the relationship between appetite and dietary micronutrient intake in patients with heart failure. More research is needed to validate these associations in patients with heart failure.
49.	Barisone, Michela, et al. (författare) Why should a national cardiology society affiliate with the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions? 2024 Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
50.	Bay, Annika, et al. (författare) Enablers and barriers for being physically active : experiences from adults with congenital heart disease 2021 Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 20:3, s. 276-284 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: In general, adults with congenital heart disease have reduced exercise capacity and many do not reach the recommended level of physical activity. A physically active lifestyle is essential to maintain health and to counteract acquired cardiovascular disease, therefore enablers and barriers for being physically active are important to identify.Aim: To describe what adults with complex congenital heart diseases consider as physical activity, and what they experience as enablers and barriers for being physically active. Methods: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews in which 14 adults with complex congenital heart disease (seven women) participated. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis.Results: The analysis revealed four categories considered enablers and barriers - encouragement, energy level, approach and environment. The following is exemplified by the category encouragement as an enabler: if one had experienced support and encouragement to be physically active as a child, they were more positive to be physically active as an adult. In contrast, as a barrier, if the child lacked support and encouragement from others, they had never had the opportunity to learn to be physically active.Conclusion: It is important for adults with congenital heart disease to have the opportunity to identify barriers and enablers for being physically active. They need knowledge about their own exercise capacity and need to feel safe that physical activity is not harmful. This knowledge can be used by healthcare professionals to promote, support and eliminate misconceptions about physical activity. Barriers can potentially be transformed into enablers through increased knowledge about attitudes and prerequisites. © The European Society of Cardiology 2020.

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