| 1. |
- Capovilla, Giovanna, et al.
(författare)
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PORCUPINE regulates development in response to temperature through alternative splicing
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature plants. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2055-026X .- 2055-0278. ; 4:8, s. 534-539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent findings suggest that alternative splicing has a critical role in controlling the responses of plants to temperature variations. However, alternative splicing factors in plants are largely uncharacterized. Here we establish the putative splice regulator, PORCUPINE (PCP), as temperature-specific regulator of development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our findings point to the misregulation of WUSCHEL and CLAVATA3 as the possible cause for the meristem defects affecting the pcp-1 loss-of-function mutants at low temperatures.
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| 2. |
- Lafon-Placette, Clément, et al.
(författare)
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Paternally expressed imprinted genes associate with hybridization barriers in Capsella
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature plants. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-026X .- 2055-0278. ; 4:6, s. 352-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hybrid seed lethality is a widespread type of reproductive barrier among angiosperm taxa(1,2) that contributes to species divergence by preventing gene flow between natural populations(3,4). Besides its ecological importance, it is an important obstacle to plant breeding strategies(5). Hybrid seed lethality is mostly due to a failure of the nourishing endosperm tissue, resulting in embryo arrest(3,6,7). The cause of this failure is a parental dosage imbalance in the endosperm that can be a consequence of either differences in parental ploidy levels or differences in the 'effective ploidy', also known as the endosperm balance number (EBN)(8,9). Hybrid seed defects exhibit a parent-of-origin pattern(3,6,7), suggesting that differences in number or expression strength of parent-of-origin-specific imprinted genes underpin, as the primary or the secondary cause, the molecular basis of the EBN7,10. Here, we have tested this concept in the genus Capsella and show that the effective ploidy of three Capsella species correlates with the number and expression level of paternally expressed genes (PEGs). Importantly, the number of PEGs and the effective ploidy decrease with the selfing history of a species: the obligate outbreeder Capsella grandiflora had the highest effective ploidy, followed by the recent selfer Capsella rubella and the ancient selfer Capsella orientalis. PEGs were associated with the presence of transposable elements and their silencing mark, DNA methylation in CHH context (where H denotes any base except C). This suggests that transposable elements have driven the imprintome divergence between Capsella species. Together, we propose that variation in transposable element insertions, the resulting differences in PEG number and divergence in their expression level form one component of the effective ploidy variation between species of different breeding system histories, and, as a consequence, allow the establishment of endosperm-based hybridization barriers.
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| 3. |
- Perez Boerema, Annemarie, et al.
(författare)
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Structure of the chloroplast ribosome with chl-RRF and hibernation-promoting factor
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Plants. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-026X .- 2055-0278. ; 4, s. 212-217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxygenic photosynthesis produces oxygen and builds a variety of organic compounds, changing the chemistry of the air, the sea and fuelling the food chain on our planet. The photochemical reactions underpinning this process in plants take place in the chloroplast. Chloroplasts evolved ~1.2 billion years ago from an engulfed primordial diazotrophic cyanobacterium, and chlororibosomes are responsible for synthesis of the core proteins driving photochemical reactions. Chlororibosomal activity is spatiotemporally coupled to the synthesis and incorporation of functionally essential co-factors, implying the presence of chloroplast-specific regulatory mechanisms and structural adaptation of the chlororibosome1,2. Despite recent structural information3,4,5,6, some of these aspects remained elusive. To provide new insights into the structural specialities and evolution, we report a comprehensive analysis of the 2.9–3.1 Å resolution electron cryo-microscopy structure of the spinach chlororibosome in complex with its recycling factor and hibernation-promoting factor. The model reveals a prominent channel extending from the exit tunnel to the chlororibosome exterior, structural re-arrangements that lead to increased surface area for translocon binding, and experimental evidence for parallel and convergent evolution of chloro- and mitoribosomes.
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| 4. |
- Plomion, Christophe, et al.
(författare)
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Oak genome reveals facets of long lifespan
- 2018
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Ingår i: NATURE PLANTS. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-026X .- 2055-0278. ; 4:7, s. 440-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oaks are an important part of our natural and cultural heritage. Not only are they ubiquitous in our most common landscapes' but they have also supplied human societies with invaluable services, including food and shelter, since prehistoric times(2). With 450 species spread throughout Asia, Europe and America(3), oaks constitute a critical global renewable resource. The longevity of oaks (several hundred years) probably underlies their emblematic cultural and historical importance. Such long-lived sessile organisms must persist in the face of a wide range of abiotic and biotic threats over their lifespans. We investigated the genomic features associated with such a long lifespan by sequencing, assembling and annotating the oak genome. We then used the growing number of whole-genome sequences for plants (including tree and herbaceous species) to investigate the parallel evolution of genomic characteristics potentially underpinning tree longevity. A further consequence of the long lifespan of trees is their accumulation of somatic mutations during mitotic divisions of stem cells present in the shoot apical meristems. Empirical(4) and modelling(5) approaches have shown that intra-organismal genetic heterogeneity can be selected for(6) and provides direct fitness benefits in the arms race with short-lived pests and pathogens through a patchwork of intra-organismal phenotypes(7). However, there is no clear proof that large-statured trees consist of a genetic mosaic of clonally distinct cell lineages within and between branches. Through this case study of oak, we demonstrate the accumulation and transmission of somatic mutations and the expansion of disease-resistance gene families in trees.
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| 5. |
- Stymne, Sten
(författare)
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Tweaking enzymes for exotic plant oils
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Plants. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-026X .- 2055-0278. ; 4, s. 633-634
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Annan publikation (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plants are amazing chemical factories. Within the plant kingdom, more than 450 distinct fatty acid structures have been described. Two new C-24 dihydroxy fatty acids have now been discovered that are synthesized by an unprecedented biosynthetic route termed 'discontinuous elongation'.
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| 6. |
- Murphy, Patrick J., et al.
(författare)
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The CHARMS pilot study: a multi-method assessment of the feasibility of a sexual counselling implementation intervention in cardiac rehabilitation in Ireland
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pilot and Feasibility Studies. - : BioMed Central. - 2055-5784. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many people living with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are affected by sexual problems associated with the condition. International guidelines recommend all patients with CVD should receive sexual counselling, yet this is rarely provided by health professionals. The current study piloted the Cardiac Health and Relationship Management and Sexuality (CHARMS) intervention, a complex multi-level intervention designed to increase the implementation of sexual counselling guidelines in hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in Ireland.
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