| 1. |
- Dessen Jankell, Lotta, 1970-
(author)
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Elevers uppfattningar av systemmodellering i arbete med hållbarhetsfrågor
- 2023
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In: LUMAT. - 2323-7112. ; 11:1, s. 25-51
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The article explores students’ experiences while using system models to analyze sustainability issues in geography teaching. Students at upper secondary school level in Sweden participated in a long-term teaching design study where system models were introduced and used to analyze complex issues. After the teaching segment, the students were interviewed about their experiences. The data, consisting of 32 interviews and 138 written reflections, was analyzed using phenomenography. The results show three qualitatively different ways of experiencing what it means to work with system models to deal with sustainability issues. The students perceived these as: a) a tool for modelling complex content, b) a representation of complex issues, and c) a way to explore reality in terms of systems. The results were quantified to compare if students’ experiences differed in relation to the teaching that they participated in. The conclusions show that during the first time that the students used the models they experienced the system models as a tool and there was a gap between the models and the real issues. Only few aspects of systems thinking developed. The second time, when the students used the models during a longer period of time they experienced the model work as a way to explore real problems as systems and developed more aspects of systems thinking. The article contributes with knowledge about what students need to discern to be able to develop systems thinking in geography and what learning teaching need to enable.
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| 2. |
- Dyrvold, Anneli, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Computer-based assessment in mathematics : Issues about validity
- 2023
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In: LUMAT. - : University of Helsinki; LUMA Centre Finland. - 2323-7112. ; 11:3, s. 49-76
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Computer-based assessments is becoming more and more common in mathematics education, and because the digital media entails other demands than paper-based tests, potential threats against validity must be considered. In this study we investigate how preparatory instructions and digital familiarity, may be of importance for test validity. 77 lower secondary students participated in the study and were divided into two groups that received different instructions about five different types of dynamic and/or interactive functions in digital mathematics items. One group received a verbal and visual instruction, whereas the other group also got the opportunity to try using the functions themselves. The students were monitored using eye-tracking equipment during their work with mathematics items with the five types of functions. The result revealed differences in how the students undertook the dynamic functions due to the students’ preparatory instructions. One conclusion is that students need to be very familiar with dynamic and interactive functions in tests, if validity is to be ensured. The validity also depends on the type of dynamic function used.
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| 3. |
- Dyrvold, Anneli, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Static, dynamic and interactive elements in digital teaching materials in mathematics : how do they foster interaction, exploration and persistence?
- 2023
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In: LUMAT. - : University of Helsinki. - 2323-7112. ; 11:3, s. 103-131
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Contemporary comprehensive mathematics teaching material covering whole courses has developed substantially from the early versions that roughly were ‘books as pdf’ with some complementary online material. In teaching materials that are offered in online web portals (digital teaching platforms) a variety of dynamic and interactive elements can be utilised, offering new ways to engage with mathematics. Despite this recent development, the variety of affordances of the digital environment are utilised to a surprisingly small extent. The pros and cons with digital teaching materials in mathematics are debated, and publishers advertise with arguments about algorithms that lay out an ideal learning path and about joyful content. Critical for students’ learning while working with teaching materials is however that they find it meaningful to use the materials, a persistence in the interaction with the materials, and furthermore that the willingness to explore mathematics remains. In this study students’ interaction with digital teaching material with various kinds of dynamic and interactive elements supplementing the static parts in the presentation of new content is explored. Differences in students’ attention to mathematical facts, essential in the problem solving, is captured using an eye-tracker. Analyses of differences in attentive behaviour depending on the kind of digital element that are used for presentation reveal that the type of digital element that students attend the least to is static elements. Differences in what is offered to and what is demanded from a reader when mathematical facts are presented using various digital elements is discussed and potential implications from the results are suggested.
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| 4. |
- Elicer, Raimundo, et al.
(author)
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Comparing the integration of programming and computational thinking into Danish and Swedish elementary mathematics curriculum resources
- 2023
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In: LUMAT. - : LUMA Centre Finland. - 2323-7112. ; 11:3, s. 77-102
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Computational thinking has become part of the mathematics curriculum in several countries. This has led recently available teaching resources to explicitly integrate computational thinking (CT). In this paper, we investigate and compare how curriculum resources developed in Denmark — digital teaching modules — and Sweden — printed mathematics textbooks — have incorporated CT in mathematics for grades 1–6 (age 7–12). Specifically, we identify and compare the CT and mathematical concepts, actions, and combinations in tasks within these resources. Our analysis reveals that Danish tasks are oriented toward CT concepts related to data, actions related to programming, and mathematical concepts within statistics. This is different from Swedish tasks, which are oriented toward CT concepts related to instructions and commands, actions related to following stepwise procedures, and mathematical concepts related to patterns. Moreover, what is most dominant in one country is almost or completely absent in the other. We conclude the paper by contrasting these two approaches with existing knowledge on computational thinking in school mathematics.
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