| 1. |
- Gnann, Till, et al.
(författare)
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A Model for Public Fast Charging Infrastructure Needs
- 2016
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Ingår i: Electric Vehicle Symposium 29, Montreal, 2016-06-20. - : MDPI AG. - 9781510832701 ; 8:4, s. 933-944
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plug-in electric vehicles can reduce GHG emissions although the low availability of public charging infrastructure combined with short driving ranges prevents potential users from adoption. The rollout and operation, especially of public fast charging infrastructure, is very costly. Therefore, policy makers, car manufacturers and charging infrastructure providers are interested in determining a number of charging stations that is sufficient. Since most studies focus on the placement and not on the determination of the number of charging stations, this paper proposes a model for the quantification of public fast charging points. We first analyze a large database of German driving profiles to obtain the viable share of plug-in electric vehicles in 2030 and determine the corresponding demand for fast charging events. Special focus lies on a general formalism of a queuing system for charging points. This approach allows us to quantify the capacity provided per charging point and the required quantity. Furthermore, we take a closer look on the stochastic occupancy rate of charging points for a certain service level and the distribution of the time users have to wait in the queue. When applying this model to Germany, we find about 15,000 fast charging points with 50 kW necessary in 2030 or ten fast charging point per 1,000 BEVs. When compared with existing charging data from Sweden, this is lower than the currently existing 36 fast charging points per 1,000 BEVs. Furthermore, we compare the models output of charging event distribution over the day with that of the real data and find a qualitatively similar load of the charging network, though with a small shift towards later in the day for the model.
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| 2. |
- Hagman, J., et al.
(författare)
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New vehicle buyers that are Battery Electric Vehicle Compatible (BEV-C)
- 2016
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Ingår i: EVS 2016 - 29th International Electric Vehicle Symposium. - : Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition. - 9781510832701
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aim to identify and investigate a group of potential adopters that are compatible with Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) in terms of range and charging, a group labeled as BEV Compatible (BEV-C). The results reveal that the BEV-C group constitutes 14 % of new vehicle buyers and that their intention to adopt BEVs are stronger compared to the non BEV-C group. The BEV-C group can be characterized as individuals that are less likely to conduct occasional longer drives (over 150 km), perceive BEVs more positively, have higher environmental awareness and have been exposed to more BEV information compared to the non BEV-C group.
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| 3. |
- Jakobsson, Niklas, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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How are driving patterns adjusted to the use of a battery electric vehicle in two-car households?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Electric Vehicle Symposium 29, Montreal, 2016-06-20. - 9781510832701 ; 2, s. 1021-1030
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have supplied two-car households with a Volkswagen e-Golf to replace one of their conventional cars for 3-4 months and measured their driving with GPS equipment. The measurements contain data of the driving of both household cars, before, and after they obtained an EV. Our analysis focus on the uptake of driving for the EV, as well as the driving adaptation the households made when acquiring the EV. Results show a small uptake of driving for the EV and a large heterogeneity in adaptation, where some household increase the EV driving compared to the removed car, and some decrease it.
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| 4. |
- Olsson, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Method to analyze cost effectiveness of different electric bus systems
- 2016
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Ingår i: EVS 2016 - 29th International Electric Vehicle Symposium. - 9781510832701 ; , s. 604-615
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a method developed to analyze a complete electric bus system including electricity supply infrastructure, charging system, buses' energy system and scheduling. This method can give an understanding of what kind of electric bus system that is the most cost-effective based on local conditions such as transport demand and type of electricity infrastructure available. It is being used as a tool in planning and construction of future public transport systems.
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| 5. |
- Pettersson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Large scale testing of wireless charging in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: EVS 2016 - 29th International Electric Vehicle Symposium. - 9781510832701
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wireless charging has the potential to simplify charging of electric cars, a technology that is now tested on a larger scale in Sweden in an ongoing project denoted WiCh (Wireless charging of electric vehicles). Inductive wireless chargers have been installed in a total of 20 electric vehicles located in Sweden, which means that so far the study is the largest demonstration activity of inductively charged vehicles in the world. The technology will be demonstrated and assessed during a year, and the experiences gained so far are outlined in this paper.
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| 6. |
- Plötz, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Can policy measures foster plug-in electric vehicle market diffusion?
- 2016
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Ingår i: World Electric Vehicle Journal. - : MDPI AG. - 2032-6653. ; 8:4, s. 783-791
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plug-in Electric vehicles (PEV), both as battery electric vehicles (BEV) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEV) have noteworthy potential to reduce global and local emissions. Governments around the world have implemented monetary and non-monetary policy measures to foster PEV market diffusion. However, empirical estimates of their effectiveness are scarce. Here, we analyse data on PEV sales from Europe and the US with the policy measures active in these countries, e.g., direct subsidies, tax rebates, and public charging infrastructure. The aim of the present paper is to contribute empirical evidence to the discussion of policy aided market evolution of electric vehicles. We find income, gasoline prices and both direct and indirect subsidies to positively influence PEV adoption. © 2016 WEVA.
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| 7. |
- Yu, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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A user study on station-based EV car sharing in Shanghai
- 2016
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Ingår i: EVS 2016 - 29th International Electric Vehicle Symposium. - 9781510832701
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There has been a trend in car sharing and especially electric car sharing over the last decade. This study aims at developing knowledge of users and searching market opportunities for the electric car sharing service EVCARD in Shanghai, China. EVCARD originates in the suburban Jiading district and is planning on expanding the business to the centre of Shanghai. Survey methods and tools have been applied in the study to acquire user data. The analysis was designed to answer research questions related to users' attitudes and expectations about the EVCARD service and to provide suggestions for system improvement.
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