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- Öhlin, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Job strain, decision latitude and alpha2B-adrenergic receptor polymorphism significantly interact, and associate with higher blood pressures in men.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 25:8, s. 1613-1619
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Job strain (high demands and low decision latitude) and the DID genotype of an I/D polymorphism in the adrenergic alpha(2B)-receptor have been associated with hypertension, respectively. We hypothesized that the I/D polymorphism interacts with external stress, such as job strain, in the development of hypertension. Methods A sample of 3045 employed men and women from the population cohort of Malmo Diet and Cancer Study, n = 28 098, with baseline data regarding work characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors, were genotyped for the adrenergic alpha(2B)-receptor I/D polymorphism. This was possible in 1302 men and 1662 women, and these individuals formed the study group. Results The age-adjusted systolic blood pressure (SBP) for men with the DD polymorphism and job strain (n = 26) was 147.0 +/- 3.4 mmHg, whereas for men with the DD polymorphism but without job strain (n = 184), the SBP was 138.2 +/- 1.4 mmHg (P = 0.018). Similar findings were made regarding diastolic blood pressures (DBP) in men. Job strain and the I/D polymorphism in the adrenergic alpha(2B)-receptor gene significantly interacted in men [P = 0.008 for SBP, P = 0.03 for DBP, adjusted for age, body mass index, occupational status and nationality (Model 1)]. Increasing latitude score was inversely correlated with SBP (beta -0.17, P = 0.03, Model 1) in DD men, but not in men with the I-allele; interaction significance for genotype X latitude score, P = 0.02 for SBP (Model 1). In women, there were no significant interactions between genotype and work characteristics (P = 0.32 for SBP, and P = 0.60 for DBP). Conclusion For the first time, a significant interaction between a genetic factor and work environment, resulting in elevated blood pressures, has been described.
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| 2. |
- Öhlin, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Job strain in men, but not in women, predicts a significant rise in blood pressure after 6.5 years of follow-up.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 25:3, s. 525-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Job strain (high demands and low decision latitude) has been associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease, especially in men. Most studies on job strain and hypertension have been cross-sectional, and prospective data are inconsistent. Objective: To prospectively describe the effects of different psychosocial work characteristics on office blood pressure changes. Methods: In total, 448 men and women, mean age 55 years, were followed for a mean of 6.5years. At baseline, work characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors were assessed. Only employed subjects aged 63 years or younger were eligible for participation. Results: Men with baseline job strain had a significantly greater increase in both systolic blood pressure (7.7 mmHg, P = 0.02), and diastolic blood pressure (5.6 mmHg, P = 0.003), compared to the group with low work demands and high decision latitude ('relaxed'). These findings were significant also after adjustments for age, follow-up time, baseline blood pressure, blood pressure treatment at baseline and follow-up, and length of education. Work demands were more strongly correlated with blood pressure increase than decision latitude. For women, no significant associations between psychosocial work characteristics and blood pressure changes were found, apart from a weak trend of association between increasing decision latitude and increasing blood pressure. Conclusion: Job strain significantly predicts an increase in office blood pressure in middle-aged men, but not in women. Work demands were more strongly correlated with blood pressure increase than decision latitude in men.
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| 3. |
- Öhlin, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Job strain, job demands and adrenergic beta1-receptor-polymorphism: a possible interaction affecting blood pressure in men.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 26:8, s. 1583-1589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Job strain and the Arg389Gly polymorphism in the adrenergic beta1-receptor gene have been linked to hypertension. We aimed to study whether there is an interaction between the Arg389Gly polymorphism and job strain and its components (job demand and decision latitude) in relation to blood pressure. METHODS: From the Malmö Diet and Cancer population cohort, 6095 individuals were randomly selected to be followed regarding cardiovascular risk factors. From this group, employed individuals with baseline data regarding work characteristics were included (1338 men and 1707 women). Determination of adrenergic beta1-receptor Arg389Gly polymorphism was possible in 1271 men and 1601 women, and these individuals formed the study group. RESULTS: Men with the combination of Arg389Arg and job strain were more often on antihypertensive medication (P = 0.04), whereas blood pressure was not significantly higher, in comparison with those without both of these two factors. The interaction term genotype x job strain was borderline significant for systolic blood pressure (P = 0.07) after adjustments for age, country of birth, and job status. The demand score showed significant interaction in men with genotype (P = 0.01 for systolic blood pressure and P = 0.009 for diastolic blood pressure) after adjustments for age, country of birth, job status, antihypertensive treatment, and BMI. Men with the Gly389 allele had lower blood pressure with increasing demand score (P = 0.001), whereas men homozygous for the Arg389 allele had lower blood pressure with increasing latitude score (P = 0.03). In women, those with job strain tended to have higher blood pressure than those without job strain, among carriers of Arg389Arg and Arg389Gly genotype. CONCLUSION: Men with job strain and the Arg389Arg polymorphism were more often on antihypertensive treatment than other men. Significant interactions between the Arg389Gly polymorphism and aspects of job stress are described, but the absolute blood pressure differences are small. Considering the commonness of the polymorphism, stress, and hypertension further studies are indicated.
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| 4. |
- Öhlin, Bertil
(författare)
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Psychosocial stress in relation to blood pressure and cardivascular disease - epidemiological and genetic aspects
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Psychosocial stress has been linked to both hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and hypertension has been proposed to be one mediator of the increased CVD risk in subjects reporting stress. Genetic susceptibility for blood pressure elevation in relation to stress has been proposed, but so far there is little evidence. We aimed to study the prospective CVD risk of chronic stress (Paper I), and the prospective effect on blood pressure levels of work-related stress (Paper II). In Papers III-IV the aim was to explore a hypothesised work stress?gene interaction in relation to blood pressure. In Paper I, 13,306 participants (2741 women) from the population-based screening and intervention programme Malmö Preventive Project were followed for a median of 21 years. Men and women with self-reported chronic stress at baseline suffered an increased risk of cardiovascular events compared to those without baseline stress (RR 1.27; 95%CI 1.15-1.27). The statistical significances were stronger in men than in women. In Papers II-IV different sub-cohorts from the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) were included. Work stress was assessed according to the Karasek demand-control model. In Paper II, men with baseline job strain (?stress?) had a significantly greater systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) elevation at follow-up compared to men with relaxed working conditions (significance for difference; SBP p= 0.025, DBP p=0.003, adjustments for age and follow-up time). In women, baseline job strain was associated with higher blood pressures at baseline, but no significant differences in blood pressure changes between groups with different work characteristics were seen at follow-up. In Paper III, an I/D polymorphism in the adrenergic ?2B-receptor was studied in women and men (n=2964). Men with the DD-variant of the receptor and job strain had higher SBP and DBP than all other gene?work characteristic combinations. The interaction between the DD polymorphism and job strain was significant; p=0.008 for SBP, and p=0.03 for DBP, adjusted for age, body mass index, occupational status and country of birth. The decision latitude dimension was more influential than the demand dimension. In Paper IV, an interaction between work characteristics and the Arg389Gly polymorphism in the ?1-adrenergic receptor in relation to blood pressure levels was studied, with significant findings in men. Our findings confirm previous results of the detrimental effects of chronic stress on the prospective CVD risk. The findings in Paper II indicate that elevation of blood pressure in men might mediate the increased CVD risk. For the first time, significant interactions between genetic factors and job stress, associating with elevated blood pressures, have been described. If these findings hold true in further research, they provide a new understanding of the mechanisms of stress, with potential implications for pharmacogenomics.
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