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- Abitbol, Tiffany, et al.
(author)
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Cellulose nanocrystal/low methoxyl pectin gels produced by internal ionotropic gelation.
- 2021
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In: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 260
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The biotechnological applications of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) continue to grow due to their sustainable nature, impressive mechanical, rheological, and emulsifying properties, upscaled production capacity, and compatibility with other materials, such as protein and polysaccharides. In this study, hydrogels from CNCs and pectin, a plant cell wall polysaccharide broadly used in food and pharma, were produced by calcium ion-mediated internal ionotropic gelation (IG). In the absence of pectin, a minimum of 4 wt% CNC was needed to produce self-supporting gels by internal IG, whereas the addition of pectin at 0.5 wt% enabled hydrogel formation at CNC contents as low as 0.5 wt%. Experimental data indicate that CNCs and pectin interact to give robust and self-supporting hydrogels at solid contents below 2.5 %. Potential applications of these gels could be as carriers for controlled release, scaffolds for cell growth, or wherever else distinct and porous network morphologies are required.
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| 2. |
- Attias, Noam, et al.
(author)
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Biofabrication of Nanocellulose–Mycelium Hybrid Materials
- 2021
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In: Advanced Sustainable Systems. - : Wiley-VCH Verlag. - 2366-7486. ; 5:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Healthy material alternatives based on renewable resources and sustainable technologies have the potential to disrupt the environmentally damaging production and consumption practices established throughout the modern industrial era. In this study, a mycelium–nanocellulose biocomposite with hybrid properties is produced by the agitated liquid culture of a white-rot fungus (Trametes ochracea) with nanocellulose (NC) comprised as part of the culture media. Mycelial development proceeds via the formation of pellets, where NC is enriched in the pellets and depleted from the surrounding liquid media. Micrometer-scale NC elements become engulfed in mycelium, whereas it is hypothesized that the nanometer-scale fraction becomes integrated within the hyphal cell wall, such that all NC in the system is essentially surface-modified by mycelium. The NC confers mechanical strength to films processed from the biocomposite, whereas the mycelium screens typical cellulose–water interactions, giving fibrous slurries that dewater faster and films that exhibit significantly improved wet resistance in comparison to pure NC films. The mycelium–nanocellulose biocomposites are processable in the ways familiar to papermaking and are suggested for diverse applications, including packaging, filtration, and hygiene products.
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| 3. |
- Attias, Noam, et al.
(author)
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State of the art, recent advances, and challenges in the field of fungal mycelium materials : a snapshot of the 2021 Mini Meeting
- 2021
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In: Fungal Biology and Biotechnology. - : BioMed Central Ltd. - 2054-3085. ; 8:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Material development based on fungal mycelium is a fast-rising field of study as researchers, industry, and society actively search for new sustainable materials to address contemporary material challenges. The compelling potential of fungal mycelium materials is currently being explored in relation to various applications, including construction, packaging, “meatless” meat, and leather-like textiles. Here, we highlight the discussions and outcomes from a recent 1-day conference on the topic of fungal mycelium materials (“Fungal Mycelium Materials Mini Meeting”), where a group of researchers from diverse academic disciplines met to discuss the current state of the art, their visions for the future of the material, and thoughts on the challenges surrounding widescale implementation. © 2021, The Author(s).
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Klemm, Dieter O., et al.
(author)
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Chapter 1 - The nanocellulose family
- 2021
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In: Nanocellulose Based Composites for Electronics. - : Elsevier.
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Cellulose is one of the most important natural raw materials and has been extensively used for more than 100 years in the form of paper and board materials, textiles, a large range of various cellulose derivatives, and many other applications. Over the past 15 years, fundamental research on novel cellulosic types has matured into several new fields of material and product development, which combine the outstanding properties of the natural product cellulose with the specific features of nanomaterials. Like other nanomaterials, these nanocelluloses are characterized by having at least one dimension in the nanometer range. The field of nanocellulosic materials is subdivided into three areas that differ significantly in terms of starting material, production method, and product properties. The members of the nanocellulose family are cellulose nanofibers (CNF), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). The last one forms cellulose nano networks.
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| 6. |
- Soto Veliz, Diosangeles, et al.
(author)
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Influence of mineral coatings on fibroblast behaviour : The importance of coating formulation and experimental design
- 2021
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In: Colloids and Surfaces B. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0927-7765 .- 1873-4367. ; 208
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mineral coatings manipulate surface properties such as roughness, porosity, wettability and surface energy. Properties that are known to determine cell behaviour. Therefore, mineral coatings can potentially be used to manipulate cell fate. This paper studies mineral-cell interactions through coatings in a stacked cell culture platform. Minerals were chosen according to their influence on Human Dermal Fibroblasts (HDFs): calcium carbonate, calcium sulphates, and kaolin. Mineral coatings were formulated with the additives latex, sorbitol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and TEMPO-oxidised cellulose nanofibrils (CNF-T). The coatings were placed as a bottom or top of the device, for a direct or indirect interaction with HDFs, respectively. Cells were seeded, in various densities, to the bottom of the device; and cell density and confluency were monitored in time. Overall, results show that the coating interaction is influenced at first by the cell seeding density. Scarce cell seeding density limits adaptability to the new environment, while an abundant one encourages confluency in time. In between those densities, coating formulation plays the next major role. Calcium carbonate promoted HDFs growth the most as expected, but the response to the rest of minerals depended on the coating additive. CNF-T encouraged proliferation even for kaolin, a mineral with long-term toxicity to HDFs, while PVOH induced a detrimental effect on HDF growth regardless of the mineral. At last, the placement of the coated layer provided insights on the contact-dependency of each response. This study highlights the importance of the experimental design, including coating formulation, when investigating cellular response to biomaterials. © 2021 The Authors
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