| 1. |
- Hollands, K G T, et al.
(författare)
-
Glazings and Coatings
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Solar Energy: The State of the Art, edited by J. Gordon (James & James Science Publishers, London, England, 2001) pp. 29-107.. ; , s. 29-107
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Kiran B. Krishnamurthy, Chandra, et al.
(författare)
-
Determinants of Residential end-use electricity demand : Evidence from Sweden
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Using a household appliance metering data set from the Swedish Energy Agency, this paper focuses on understanding the determinants of end-use electricity demand for Sweden. The focal point of the analysis is the estimation of end-use-specific income elasticity of electricity demand, for the first time for Sweden. A seemingly unrelated regression framework is used for understanding the determinants of end-use demand, with the end-uses being heating, kitchen, lighting, and residual. The main results of the analysis are: high aggregate elasticity (above 0.6), and very high income elasticity of electric heating (above 0.8). Other size-related variables (size of home, number of people) do not appear to have significant explanatory power. Overall, our analysis indicates that income is a key factor determining the demand for electricity, and to a much larger extent than usually considered
|
|
| 4. |
- Vierth, Inge, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
-
Socio-economic effects of longer and/or heavier road transport vehicles : the Swedish case
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Setting future standards: international symposium on heavy vehicle transport technology - HVTT12. - : International Forum for Road Transport Technology.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sweden has a long experience of using longer and heavier road transport vehicles than in the rest of the European Union. The interest in efficient transport has also been expressed by field tests using vehicles with a length of 30 meters and 90 tonnes gross total weight. In this paper the socio-economic effects of using larger vehicles are evaluated. One case concerns Sweden’s exception from the EU standard and includes effects from all types of cargo while another case analyses timber transports with larger vehicles than the ones used in Sweden today. The general finding is that larger vehicles can be cost effective even when external costs like road deteroriation, traffic safety effects and air pollution is accounted for as long as no investments to improve the bearing capacity of bridges are required. It is recommended though that larger vehicles are used mainly on larger roads, use Electronic brake system (EBS) and that the condition of brakes are guaranteed. Traffic safety can also be improved by better facilities for drivers to rest and more distinct signs indicating the larger dimensions of the vehicle.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Arapovic-Johansson, Bozana
(författare)
-
Stress prevention at work : intervention effectiveness and implementation process evaluation
- 2020
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Work-related stress is a prevalent condition, which is costly for individuals, organizations and society. It is a complex phenomenon that involves and is influenced by factors at many levels. It is consequently only by means of intervening on several levels that preventive work can have a broad impact. There is mixed evidence about the efficacy of organizational-level interventions for stress prevention and more research is needed. Furthermore, process evaluations of trials in this field of research are still scars. Aims: The overall aim of this thesis was to contribute to the evaluation of organizational level interventions for the primary prevention of stress and its consequences for workers mental health. More specifically, the aim of Study I was to explore whether a participatory, organizational intervention that has the theoretical potential to reduce work-related risk factors for mental ill-health can be effective in preventing stress. Study II was a process evaluation of the intervention implementation in Study I. It aimed to describe the implementation process, examine the influence of contextual factors and explore the participants' experience of working with the method. Study III examined the psychometric properties of the single-item stress question (SISQ) used in Study IV. The aims of Study IV were to describe the trajectories of stress experience in the study population, to examine the association between the subjective stress experience and the objective organizational measures of workload, and to examine the intra-individual variability in stress experience. Methods: Several designs and methods were used: cross-sectional and longitudinal designs; quantitative and qualitative methods, and multiple data collection methods. Study I was a randomized controlled trial including 57 employees in the intervention group and 61 employees in the comparison group at the baseline. Questionnaire data was collected at the baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow ups. This was the main data collection. Study II had a mixed method design and used cross sectional data from the intervention group: checklists, administrative data, one focus group, three purposefully sampled semi-structured interviews and a process evaluation questionnaire (N=49, 73 %). In Study III, cross-sectional data was used to examine the convergent validity of the SISQ (N=118). To examine the SISQ’ s predictive validity, the stress experience of employees with no sick-leave and no signs of depression or exhaustion at the baseline was examined. Eighty-three employees were included in this analysis. The reliability of the SISQ was analyzed by the test–retest procedure using a separate convenience sample including 108 individuals. Study IV had a longitudinal design. The association between the stress experience and the objective, quantitative workload was examined using administrative data gathered monthly and the data from two time series of weekly administered SISQ. Intra-individual variability was examined by means of standard deviation of a time series and by analyzing the speed of change in stress experience. Results: No statistically significant differences between the intervention and the control group regarding the primary outcome (job strain), or the secondary outcomes (effort-reward imbalance, exhaustion, sleep and recovery) was found. However, at the 12-month follow up, the perception of effort decreased, and work was experienced as more rewarding in the intervention group by those employees who showed no signs of exhaustion at the baseline. Employees with signs of exhaustion at baseline continued to deteriorate with time regardless off group. The objective data showed that the intervention group had significantly less time per task, more administration per hour worked and more telephone calls answered per hours worked during the entire trial. The reach was satisfying, with high proportion of employees participating in the intervention. Employees had a positive experience of the intervention regarding several of its aspects. However, not all the components of the intervention were introduced in all occupational subgroups. This was mostly due to difficulties obtaining productivity data needed for work with the intervention, and because of staff shortage. The validity of the (SISQ) was supported by its convergence with relevant scales measuring work-related stress and mental ill-health. Furthermore, the SISQ could predict sick leave, exhaustion and depression at 12-month follow up. The stress experience in this sample of primary health care employees was highest in mid-October, mid-November and before Christmas. There was a significant association on a group level, between the quantitative monthly objective measures of workload and the experience of stress. In addition, the fewer the measured tasks were accomplished per hour worked, the higher the experience of stress. The association between the administrative tasks and stress was stronger than between stress and number of patient visits. The analysis of the intra-individual variability showed that the employees scoring high on exhaustion scale have higher rate of change (changing faster) in their stress experience then other employees Conclusions: This thesis evaluated an organizational intervention in a primary health care context. Statistically significant support for its effects on job strain, effort-reward imbalance, exhaustion, sleep or recovery could not be found. The process evaluation showed that the intervention was not fully implemented, due to several contextual barriers such as staff shortage. No definitive conclusions can therefore be drawn about its effects. However, during the project, several lessons were learned. One of them was that employees already showing signs of exhaustion need special consideration when designing an intervention. Furthermore, these employees showed more rapid changes in their experience of stress from week to week, possibly demonstrating reduced resilience to additional stress. Another lesson learned was that the employees’ experience of stress was associated with objectively measured quantitative workload. Administrative tasks seemed to be more strongly associated with stress than patient related tasks. Managing to complete fewer tasks per hour worked was associated with increased stress. Finally, the single-item stress measure (SISQ), administered by weekly SMS messages, is a valid and reliable measure of experienced stress, in a Swedish population of predominantly female primary health care employees. It can be administered by SMS messages in a work context and be useful in predicting sick-leave and exhaustion one year later.
|
|
| 8. |
- Johannessen, Åse, et al.
(författare)
-
Urban Water Governance and Learning—Time for More Systemic Approaches?
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 12:17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social learning, especially triple-loop social learning involving institutional and governance changes, has great potential to address urban water issues such as flooding, drought, and pollution. It facilitates urban transition and the adoption of more systemic approaches and innovations. Social learning in water governance is a growing field, but the triple-loop learning concept remains vague and underexplored. Additionally, the focus is often on how social learning can contribute to progress with little attention being paid to barriers to learning. The aim of this paper is to increase understanding of triple-loop social learning to improve the “learning infrastructure”. It investigates key learning barriers for realizing green (livable) and adaptive cities in Malmö and Gothenburg, Sweden. Integration of nature-based solutions in spatial planning and development of these cities has been slow. The results found three types of barriers contributing to this: systemic (disconnecting parts with the whole); opacity (reducing communication between error detection and correction); and process-related (reducing the adoption of innovations). The paper contributes to understanding the social learning barriers for implementing planning. These insights could help overcome “adaptation inertia” and speed up policy learning towards sustainability and resilience.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Jönsson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Demonstration of mitochondrial oestrogen receptor beta and oestrogen-induced attenuation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I expression in human periodontal ligament cells.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Archives of Oral Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1506 .- 0003-9969. ; 52:7, s. 669-676
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells express oestrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) protein, but cellular functions regulated by ERbeta in these cells have not been identified. In this study we determine if ERbeta is localised to mitochondria and if oestrogen regulates mitochondrial function in human PDL cells obtained from teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons. DESIGN: Subcellular distribution of ERbeta was determined by confocal microscopy of cells co-stained with ERbeta antibody and the mitochondrion-selective probe MitoTracker and by immunogold electron microscopy. Expression of the mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, involved in oxidative phosphorylation, was determined by Western blotting in cells treated with or without physiological concentrations of the endogenous oestrogen 17beta-oestradiol. RESULTS: ERbeta immunoreactivity was observed both in the nuclei and the cytoplasm. MitoTracker-labelling was observed in the cytoplasm, especially in the perinuclear region, but not in the nuclei. Co-localisation of ERbeta and MitoTracker was observed in cells derived from both male and female subjects. Mitochondrial localisation of ERbeta was confirmed by immunogold electron microscopy. Cells treated with or without 17beta-oestradiol (100 nM) displayed an identical pattern of staining for mitochondria. Treatment with 100 nM 17beta-oestradiol attenuated cytochrome c oxidase subunit I expression by about 30%, while combined treatment with 17beta-oestradiol and the ER blocker ICI 182780 (10 microM) had no effect. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates mitochondrial localisation of ERbeta and oestrogen-induced decrease in the expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I in human PDL cells, suggesting that oestrogen probably via ERbeta influences mitochondrial function and PDL cell energy
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Sigmundsson, Kristmundur
(författare)
-
Characterization and modelling of CEACAM1 interactions in cell signalling
- 2004
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- CEACAM1, the primordial carcino-embryonic Ag gene family member, is a transmembrane cell adhesion molecule expressed in leukocytes, epithelia, and blood vessel endothelia. As a result of differential splicing, CEACAM1 occurs as several isoforms, the two major ones being CEACAM1-L and -S, that have long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domains, respectively. The L:S expression ratios vary in different cells and tissues. In addition to CEACAM1, human but not rodent cells express GPI-linked CEACAM members (CEACAM5-CEACAM8). We compared the expression patterns of CEACAM1-L, CEACAM1-S, CEACAM6, and CEACAM8 in purified populations of neutrophilic granulocytes, B lymphocytes, and T lymphocytes from rats, mice, and humans. Human granulocytes expressed CEACAM1, CEACAM6, and CEACAM8, whereas human B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes expressed only CEACAM1 and CEACAM6. Whereas granulocytes, B cells, and T cells from mice and rats expressed both CEACAM1-L and CEACAM1-S in ratios of 2.2 2.9:1, CEACAM1-S expression was totally lacking in human granulocytes, B cells, and T cells. This suggests that the GPI-linked CEACAM members have functionally replaced CEACAM1-S in human leukocytes. Support for this hypothesis was obtained from experiments in which the extracellular signal-regulated kinases Erk 1 /2 were activated by anti-CEACAM Abs. We demonstrated that CEACAM1 and CEACAM8 are physically associated in human granulocytes. The CEACAM1/CEACAM8 complex in human cells might accordingly play a similar role as CEACAM1-L/CEACAM1-S dimers in rat cells. CEACAM1-L has been found in large molecular weight forms suggesting posttranslational covalent modification. We investigated the possibility that the cytoplasmic domain of CEACAM1-L can act as a transglutaminase substrate. Glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins of the cytoplasmic domains of rat and mouse CEACAM1-L as well as free cytoplasmic domains were converted into covalent dimers by tissue transglutaminase. Thus, the cytoplasmic domains of rat and mouse CEACAM-L are substrates for tissue transglutaminase, lending support to the notion that higher molecular weight forms of CEACAM-L are formed by transglutaminase modification. We report a novel development of the approach to determining active concentrations based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology. The method relies on changes in binding rates with varying flow rates under conditions of partial mass transport, and does not require standards of known concentrations. We introduce an analytical solution to the differential equations describing the formation of a 1: 1 bimolecular complex, taking into account both the association and dissociation reactions, under partial mass transport limitations. The accuracy, precision, and sensitivity of this approach were determined in experiments involving binding of tyrosine-phosphorylated recombinant proteins to anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies, where the active concentration could be determined independently by in vitro phosphorylation with 33P. There was an excellent agreement between the active concentrations determined by the analytical SPR-based method and by determination of the level of radioactivity of the phosphorylated protein. We have applied surface plasmon resonance-based techniques to investigate the key patterns, kinetics and thermodynamics of the binding interaction of SHP-1 with CEACAM1-L. This required development of new reaction and curve fitting algorithms. Both the NSH2 and C-SH2 binding sites of SHP- I were shown to participate in the interaction. Furthermore, we discovered a novel phosphotyrosine binding site in the C-SH2 domain, which differed kinetically from the classical C-SH2 site. The pY488 motif was found to interact with all three binding sites in N,C-(SH2)2. The pY515 motif interacted with the two different C-SH2 sites, but not with the N-SH2 site, The interaction of N,C-(SH2)2 with a diphosphorylated CEACAM1-L (pY488 + pY515) ligand resulted in the formation of 7 dynamic complexes, all with a stoichiometry of 1: 1. Of these, 5 forms interacted via single docking, and 2 forms via double-docking utilizing both of the ITIMlike sites. This investigation provides means for continuing detailed interaction analyses of intact CEACAM1-L with intracellular signal molecules. In general, the results point to broad variations in interaction kinetics of SH2 domains, which should be considered when evaluating signal transduction mechanisms.
|
|
| 13. |
- Sigurdson, Ola, 1966, et al.
(författare)
-
Film och religion: En introduktion
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Film och religion: Livstolkning på vita duken. - : Cordia. - 917085307X ; , s. 9-13
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Sriwannawit, Pranpreya, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
The effect of policy on photovoltaic competitiveness : Analysis on household on-grid application in rural Thailand
- 2014
-
Ingår i: 9th Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The needs for increasing energy access, the depletion of fossil fuels, and the urgency of climate change mitigation push the technology shift towards renewable energy sources. In Thailand, fossil fuels account for more than 90% of the energy mix in power generation. The government has established an incentive program to encourage the transition from fossil fuels to solar energy. However, there has been very little interest among household adopters to utilize this incentive. The aim of this study is to assess the economic viability of small-scale PV systems for on-grid household electricity generation in rural Thailand. The results reveal that the profitability varies greatly depending on system sizes, geographical areas, electricity consumption, and loan levels. Unfortunately, the current policy yields an economic loss for household adopters in various scenarios especially when the consumed electricity is deducted from the electricity generated from PV systems. Nevertheless, the competitiveness of PV systems can be increased with the provision of additional subsidy of which we recommend regressive subsidy rate. Our study emphasizes the importance of government intervention on the technology shift towards sustainable sources.
|
|
| 16. |
- Waleij, Leila, et al.
(författare)
-
The rate and nature of medication errors among elderly upon admission to hospital after implementation of clinical pharmacist-led medication reconciliation
- 2014
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy: Science and Practice. - : BMJ. - 2047-9964 .- 2047-9956. ; 21:3, s. 156-160
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To determine the frequency and nature of erroneous transfer of medication information (medication errors) upon admission to hospital and to study the effect of medication reconciliation. Methods Included patients were 65years of age or older, were living in nursing homes or in their own home with care provided by the community nursing system and had been admitted to hospital. The patients' medication lists from the community were compared with the hospital medication lists upon admission in order to study the discrepancies between the lists. The proportion of errors that were corrected by day 4 of hospitalisation was also studied as a measure of the effect of medication reconciliation conducted by clinical pharmacists who aimed to identify the patients' accurate and complete medication history. Results A total of 149 patients were included over a 10-month period. In 68 (46%) patients, there occurred at least one medication error, with an average of 0.95 errors per patient. Overall, 8.0% of all drug transfers were found to be incorrect. The clinical pharmacists detected all medication errors upon admission and 43% of them were corrected before day 4 of hospitalisation. Conclusions Medication errors upon admission to hospital are common; use of clinical pharmacists in the admission medication reconciliation process appears to be a useful method to reduce medication errors, but since our study lacked a control group further studies are needed to show the actual impact of pharmacist-led medication reconciliation upon admission to hospital. Furthermore, more actions are needed to enhance the safety and quality of medication information transfers.
|
|
