| 1. |
- Nitze, Florian, 1981, et al.
(author)
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A binder-free sulfur/reduced graphene oxide aerogel as high performance electrode materials for lithium sulfur batteries
- 2016
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322 .- 2045-2322. ; 6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Societies' increasing need for energy storage makes it necessary to explore new concepts beyond the traditional lithium ion battery. A promising candidate is the lithium-sulfur technology with the potential to increase the energy density of the battery by a factor of 3-5. However, so far the many problems with the lithium-sulfur system have not been solved satisfactory. Here we report on a new approach utilizing a self-standing reduced graphene oxide based aerogel directly as electrodes, i.e. without further processing and without the addition of binder or conducting agents. We can thereby disrupt the common paradigm of "no battery without binder" and can pave the way to a lithium-sulfur battery with a high practical energy density. The aerogels are synthesized via a one-pot method and consist of more than 2/3 sulfur, contained inside a porous few-layered reduced graphene oxide matrix. By combining the graphene-based aerogel cathode with an electrolyte and a lithium metal anode, we demonstrate a lithium-sulfur cell with high areal capacity (more than 3 mAh/cm(2) after 75 cycles), excellent capacity retention over 200 cycles and good sulfur utilization. Based on this performance we estimate that the energy density of this concept-cell can significantly exceed the Department of Energy (DEO) 2020-target set for transport applications.
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| 2. |
- Ulissi, U., et al.
(author)
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All solid-state battery using layered oxide cathode, lithium-carbon composite anode and thio-LISICON electrolyte
- 2016
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In: Solid State Ionics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2738. ; 296, s. 13-17
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The investigation of a lithium-carbon composite (Li-C) anode for application in all-solid-state battery, based on (Li2S)(0.75)-(P2S5)(0.25) glassy thio-LISICON electrolyte (Li2S-P2S5) is herein reported. The Li-C anode material is prepared by a mechanochemical, single step synthesis procedure. The Li-C/electrolyte interface is characterized in terms of cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic cycling in comparison with lithium metal, in order to evaluate the improvements in terms of resistance and lithium stripping deposition ability. Li-C anode powder is pressed into a pellet together with the Li2S-P2S5 electrolyte and Li2ZrO3-coated, Li[Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05]O-2 cathode powder (NCA-LZO), to form a new type of solid-state battery operating at room temperature. The Li-C/Li2S-P2S5/NCA-LZO battery shows remarkable cycling performance under galvanostatic conditions, particularly if compared to a more conventional configuration employing lithium metal as the anode. In addition, the all solid-state battery is characterized at various current densities, showing satisfactory rate capability. Under long term-cycling condition, performed at low current and prolonged to more than 250 days, the cell shows a stability over 100 cycles without fading. This is considered a remarkable result suggesting the solid-state cell here studied as suitable candidate-for efficient and safe energy storage.
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