| 1. |
- Ahmad, Ashfaq, et al.
(författare)
-
Design, Fabrication, and Measurements of Extended L-Shaped Multiband Antenna for Wireless Applications
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal. - : Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES). - 1054-4887. ; 33:4, s. 388-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article expounds a multi-band compact shaped antenna, which is based on CPW ground plane. FR-4 with a thickness of 1.6 mm is used as a substrate for the proposed antenna. The proposed antenna is capable of operating at 1.56 GHz for (Global Positioning System), 2.45 GHz (Wireless Local Area Network) and 4.49 GHz (Aeronautical Mobile Telemetry (AMT) fixed services). The efficiency at 1.56, 2.45, and 4.49 GHz is 79.7, 76.9 and 76.7%, respectively. The VSWR of the presented antenna is less than 1.5 at all the desired resonance modes, which confirms its good impedance matching. The performance of the proposed antenna is evaluated in terms of VSWR, return loss, radiation pattern and efficiency. CST (R) MWS (R) software is used for simulations. In order to validate the simulation results, a prototype of the designed antenna is fabricated and a good agreement is found between the simulated and measured results.
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| 2. |
- Akhtar, Faiza, et al.
(författare)
-
A Flexible and Compact Semicircular Antenna for Multiple Wireless Communication Applications
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Radioengineering. - : SPOLECNOST PRO RADIOELEKTRONICKE INZENYRSTVI. - 1210-2512 .- 1805-9600. ; 27:3, s. 671-678
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents a compact, quad-band planar antenna intended for assimilation into flexible and conformal devices. The CPW-fed semicircular shaped prototype with rake-shaped slots is designed, realized and characterized experimentally. The frequency bands covered by the proposed radiator are centered at 2.5, 3.7, 5.5 and 8 GHz with measured impedance bandwidths of 16%, 13.5%, 11.8% and 14.63%, respectively. The proposed antenna is thus enabled to support WLAN, ISM, Bluetooth, WiMAX LTE and X-band applications. The antenna exhibits a significant gain. The radiation characteristics of the proposed radiator are measured in concave and convex bent shapes at various radii to analyze its flexibility. Performance of the antenna remains almost unaffected in the bent situation. Measurements demonstrate good coherence with simulations. The compactness and good performance of the design both in bent and unbent conditions proves it to be the better contender for future multiband conformal wireless applications.
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| 3. |
- Ali, Amjad, et al.
(författare)
-
RFID Humidity Sensor Tag for Low-cost Applications
- 2017
-
Ingår i: APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL. - : APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOC. - 1054-4887. ; 32:12, s. 1083-1088
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a low-cost, flexible, chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag for humidity monitoring applications. The tag exhibits moisture sensing feature within a compact geometrical dimension of 20mm x 17.6mm. The design is loaded with 12 resonators, where each resonator represents 1 bit in the frequency domain. For the designed 12-bit tag, 11 inverted C-shaped resonators are dedicated for encoding 11-bit information in their spectral signature. An integrated meandered-shaped resonator, covered with moisture sensitive Kapton (R) HN film, functions as a 1-bit moisture sensor. It is deployed for monitoring relative humidity (RH) levels, simultaneously. The passive RFID tag is realized on Taconic TLX-0 and has an operational bandwidth of 2.62 GHz. Furthermore, the design is modeled and analyzed for multiple substrates. The performance of the sensor tag for various humidity levels indicates that it is a potential solution for inexpensive sensing applications.
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| 4. |
- Anam, Hafsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Directly Printable Frequency Signatured Chipless RFID Tag for IoT Applications
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Radioengineering. - : SPOLECNOST PRO RADIOELEKTRONICKE INZENYRSTVI. - 1210-2512 .- 1805-9600. ; 26:1, s. 139-146
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes a low-cost, compact, flexible passive chipless RFID tag that has been designed and analyzed. The tag is a bowtie-shaped resonator based structure with 36 slots; where each patch is loaded with 18 slots. The tag is set in a way that each slot in a patch corresponds to a metal gap in the other patch. Hence there is no mutual interference, and high data capacity of 36 bits is achieved in such compact size. Each slot corresponds to a resonance frequency in the RCS curve, and each resonance corresponds to a bit. The tag has been realized for Taconic TLX-0, PET, and Kapton (R) HN (DuPont (TM)) substrates with copper, aluminum, and silver nanoparticlebased ink (Cabot CCI-300) as conducting materials. The tag exhibits flexibility and well optimized while remaining in a compact size. The proposed tag yields 36 bits in a tag dimension of 24.5. 25.5 mm(2). These 36 bits can tag 2(36) number of objects/items. The ultimate high capacity, compact size, flexible passive chipless RFID tag can be arrayed in various industrial and IoT-based applications.
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| 5. |
- Aslam, Bilal, et al.
(författare)
-
A compact implantable RFID tag antenna dedicated to wireless health care
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1096-4290 .- 1099-047X. ; 27:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Implantable tag antennas are an integral component of contemporary pervasive patient monitoring setups envisioned to reduce the medical errors and improve the quality of health care facilities. These tags, embedded into the human body, transmit critical patient information to the external equipment via a wireless communication link. This research article presents an implantable compact folded dipole antenna of size 10 mm 3 15 mm 3 2 mm, designed to operate in the industrial-scientificmedical band (2.4-2.48GHz). A three-layered phantom representing the human arm is used to evaluate the subcutaneous antenna performance. The tag antenna embedded in the middle of the fat layer offers a maximum gain of 216.3 dBi. The tag antenna performance as a function of implant position and phantom dimensions is analyzed. Link budget calculations show that with the achieved antenna gain the link power exceeds the required power by 38.37 dBm, and hence wireless communication is viable.
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| 6. |
- Aslam, Bilal, et al.
(författare)
-
A high capacity tunable retransmission type frequency coded chipless radio frequency identification system
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. - : WILEY. - 1096-4290 .- 1099-047X. ; 29:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a 12-bit frequency coded chipless RFID system in the frequency range of 3 to 6 GHz. The system consists of a fully printable chipless tag and a pair of high-gain reader antennas. The tag also incorporates its own antennas to improve the read range. Information is encoded into frequency spectrum using a multi-resonant circuit. The circuit consists of multiple microstrip U and L-shaped open stub resonators patterned in a unique configuration. The proposed configuration aids in capturing more data in a reduced space as well as tunable frequency operation. Tag and reader antennas utilize techniques such as stepped impedance feeding line, defective partial ground plane, and stair-step patch structure to achieve wide-band impedance bandwidth in miniature size. The results of the wireless measurements in the non-anechoic environment show that the proposed system has a reading range of more than 20 cm. The presented system possesses great potential for low-cost short-range inventory tracking.
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| 7. |
- Aslam, Bilal, et al.
(författare)
-
A low profile miniature RFID tag antenna dedicated to IoT applications
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Electromagnetics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0272-6343 .- 1532-527X. ; 39:6, s. 393-406
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RFID tag antennas with stable performance on the diverse electromagnetic mounting platforms are an integral part of the ubiquitous RFID systems. This research article presents a novel tag antenna design that facilitates the said objective. The proposed antenna consists of a modified H-shaped slot structure that ensures considerable robustness from the application environment through confining the surface current density within the antenna structure. The antenna offers a tunable bandwidth of 40 MHz within the microwave band of (2.4-2.5) GHz. The proposed tag antenna exhibits excellent response on metallic platforms of different sizes and thicknesses with an effective gain of almost four times of that in free space. Furthermore, the designed tag antenna performs adequately well on low-medium permittivity dielectrics (glass, paper, and plastic) and RF absorbers (water). The free space and on-metal performance of the proposed tag antenna are verified by testing a prototype realized on the FR4 substrate.
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| 8. |
- Aslam, Bilal, et al.
(författare)
-
Frequency signature chipless RFID tag with enhanced data capacity
- 2015
-
Ingår i: IEICE Electronics Express. - : Institute of Electronics, Information and Communications Engineers (IEICE). - 1349-2543. ; 12:17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frequency signature chipless RFID tag based on spurline resonator is presented in this letter. Resonant response of spurline is explained by analyzing the surface current distribution. Chipless tag consists of a data encoding circuit and two cross polarised monopole antennas. The tag has a data capacity of 16 bits in the range 2.13 to 4.1 GHz. Data capacity of data encoding circuit is enhanced by repositioning the spurlines. The prototype of the tag is fabricated on FR4 substrate. Developed tag can be used for cost effective identification of items in the industry.
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| 9. |
- Aslam, B., et al.
(författare)
-
Miniaturized decoupled slotted patch RFID tag antennas for wearable health care
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1096-4290 .- 1099-047X. ; 27:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, a couple of two-layered RFID tag antenna designs exhibiting improved performance descriptors for on-body applications are presented. The antennas are designed to operate in the microwave band (2.4–2.48 GHz) ensuring high data transmission rates ideal for real-time subject monitoring applications. The radiating element of both the antennas is a slotted patch structure provisioned with a pair of T-shaped slots realized on a commercial FR4 substrate. The augmentation of a systematic sequence of narrow comb-like etchings into the design enhances the impedance bandwidth considerably. A high permittivity silicon layer embedded with the radiating patch provides resilience from the human body dielectric losses. A modified antenna design utilizing patch miniaturization technique, resulting in an overall footprint reduction by 32%, is also proposed. The designed tag antennas offer a gain of more than 1.8 dBi and an attractive read range greater than 6.8 m in the operating band.
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| 10. |
- Habib, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Chipless slot resonators for IoT system identification
- 2016
-
Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781467399852 ; , s. 341-344
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper chipless RFID tag with integrated sensor for IoT application is presented. The tag is capable of transmitting information of 9-bit data. The tag structure is analyzed for both FR4 and Kapton HN substrates having different dielectric constants. It has been observed that with the change in dielectric permittivity, there will be shift in resonances. The tag can be used for monitoring and sensing moisture. The tag comprises of 9 ring resonators. The overall radius of designed chipless tag is 7mm. The compact chipless RFID tag is optimized for radio frequency ranges from 5.1-11.4 GHz using FR4 substrate and from 5.8-12.5 GHz using Kapton HN substrate. The novelty of this design relies on flexible nature of tag. The presented tag is very cheap and can be deployed for various low cost sensing applications.
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| 11. |
- Habib, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Directly printable compact chipless RFID tag for humidity sensing
- 2017
-
Ingår i: IEICE Electronics Express. - : Institute of Electronics Information Communication Engineers. - 1349-2543. ; 14:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this letter, 8-bit paper based printable chipless tag is presented. The tag not only justifies the green electronic concept but also it is examined for sensing functionality. The compact tag structure comprises of seven L-shaped and one I-shaped dipole structure. These conducting tracks/dipole structures are of silver nano-particle based ink having a conductivity of 1.1 × 107 S/m. Each conducting track yields one bit corresponding to one peak. The tag design is optimized and analyzed for three different flexible substrates i.e. paper, Kapton® HN, and PET. The tag has ability to identify 28 = 256 objects, by using different binary combinations. The variation in length of particular conducting strip results in a shift of peak for that specific conducting track. This shift corresponds to logic state-1. The response of the tag for paper, Kapton® HN, and PET substrates is observed in the frequency band of 2.2-6.1 GHz, 2.4-6.3 GHz, and 2.5-6.5 GHz, respectively. The tag has an attractive nature because of its easy printability and usage of low-cost, flexible substrates. The tag can be deployed in various low-cost sensing applications.
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| 12. |
- Habib, Ayesha, et al.
(författare)
-
Directly Printable Organic ASK Based Chipless RFID Tag for IoT Applications
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Radioengineering. - : Společnost pro radioelektronické inženýrství. - 1210-2512 .- 1805-9600. ; 26:2, s. 453-460
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A chipless RFID tag with unique ASK encoding technique is presented in this paper. The coding efficiency is enhanced regarding tag capacity. The amplitude variations of the backscattered RFID signal is used for encoding data instead of OOK Strips of different widths are used to have amplitude variations. The ASK technique is applied using three different substrates of Kapton (R) HN, PET, and paper. To incorporate ASK technique, dual polarized rhombic shaped resonators are designed. These tags operate in the frequency range of 3.1-10.6 GHz with size of 70 x 42 mm(2). The presented tags are flexible and offer easy printability. The paper-based decomposable organic tag appears as an ultra low-cost solution for wide scale tracking. This feature enables them to secure a prominent position in the emerging fields of IoT and green electronics.
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| 13. |
- Habib, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Frequency signatured directly printable humidity sensing tag using organic electronics
- 2017
-
Ingår i: IEICE Electronics Express. - : Institute of Electronics Information Communication Engineers. - 1349-2543. ; 14:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper chipless RFID tag, capable of carrying 9-bit data is presented. The tag is optimized for several flexible substrates. With growing information and communication technology, sensor integration with data transmission has gained significant attention. Therefore, the tag with the same dimension is then optimized using paper substrate. For different values of permittivity, the relative humidity is observed. Hence, besides carrying information bits, the tag is capable of monitoring and sensing the humidity. The overall dimension of the tag comprising of 9 ring slot resonators is 7 mm. Due to its optimization on the paper substrate, the tag can be an ideal choice for deploying in various low-cost sensing applications.
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| 14. |
- Jabeen, Iqra, et al.
(författare)
-
Data-Dense and Miniature Chipless Moisture Sensor RFID Tag for Internet of Things
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Electronics. - : MDPI. - 2079-9292. ; 8:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel and miniaturized semi-elliptical 20-bit fully passive chipless RFID sensor tag is proposed in this article. The realized sensor tag is made up of semi-elliptical shaped open-end slots within the compact size of 25 mm x 17 mm. The multi-substrate analysis of the proposed tag is examined using non-flexible and flexible materials. The articulated tag configuration is capable of monitoring moisture levels when the largest resonator is covered by a heat-resistant sheet of Kapton HN (DuPontTM). The proposed tag functions in the operational frequency band of 4.1 GHz-16 GHz and possesses the overall bit density of 4.70 bit/cm(2). The structure is composed of a thin passive substrate layer topped with an active layer of conductive path and is considered as a potential candidate for low-cost identification of the tagged objects. In addition to that, its moisture sensing property and flexible nature make it a reliable smart sensor for conformal applications.
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| 15. |
- Jabeen, Iqra, et al.
(författare)
-
Elliptical slot based polarization insensitive compact and flexible chipless RFID tag
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. - : WILEY. - 1096-4290 .- 1099-047X. ; 29:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A miniaturized, polarization insensitive, and fully passive chipless radio frequency identification tag is proposed in this research article. The realized tag is based on slotted elliptical structures in a nested loop fashion with identical lengths and widths of slot resonators. Alteration of data sequence is accomplished by addition and elimination of nested resonators in the geometric structure. The tag is capable to encode 10 bits of data and covers spectral range from 3.6 to 15.6 GHz. The formulated structure demonstrates polarization insensitive characteristic. The data encoding structure is analyzed and optimized for different substrates that are, Rogers RT/duroid/5880, Rogers RT/duroid/5870, and Taconic TLX-0 over the miniaturized footprint of 22.8 x 16 mm(2). The presented tag is robust, novel, compact, and flexible exhibiting a stable response to impinging electromagnetic waves at various angles of incidence.
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| 16. |
- Jabeen, I., et al.
(författare)
-
Miniaturized Slot Based Chipless RFID Tag for IoT Applications
- 2019
-
Ingår i: RAEE 2019 - International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728130729
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, a compact 13-bit fully passive chipless RFID tag is presented. The overall size of the proposed chipless tag is 16.65 mm x 17 mm. The resonating structure is loaded with thirteen C-shaped nested slots. The presented tag is optimized and analyzed for three distinct substrates that are, Rogers RT/duroid®/5870, Taconic TLX-0 and Rogers RT/duroid®/5880. The articulated tag structure possesses the capability of generating 213= 8192 exclusive IDs for low-cost identification of various objects. Flexibility is achieved using Rogers RT/duroid®/5880 substrate over the aspired frequency band of 3 GHz - 12 GHz. Hence, the robust chipless tag is an ideal choice to be deployed on curved surfaces for different cost effective IoT based industrial applications.
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| 17. |
- Javed, Aisha, et al.
(författare)
-
A Bowtie Slotted Quad-Band Notched UWB Antenna with Defected Ground Structure
- 2019
-
Ingår i: APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL. - : APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOC. - 1054-4887. ; 34:11, s. 1725-1730
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel compact bowtie slotted circular patch antenna with quad-band notched characteristics is demonstrated in this work. The presented prototype is ascertained on FR-4 substrate. Initially, an Ultra-Wideband (3.1-10.6 GHz) antenna is achieved. Later, undesirable bands between 3.55-5.16, 5.52-5.73, 6.44-6.78 and 7.61-10.6 GHz are eliminated by incorporating slots in the patch. By proper optimization of the patch as well as ground plane, four resonant bands are achieved between 2.56-3.53, 5.22-5.5, 5.7-6.4 and 6.81-7.53 GHz supporting LTE2500, WiMAX, WLAN, and X-band applications. For good impedance matching, the antenna employs a very unique bat-shaped defected ground plane structure. The peak gain of 3.7 dB is obtained by the proposed radiator. A good agreement is observed between the measured and simulated results.
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| 18. |
- Javed, Aqsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Miniaturized cross-lines rectangular ring-shaped flexible multiband antenna
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal. - : Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES). - 1054-4887. ; 34:5, s. 625-630
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A compact, flexible antenna for wireless applications, i.e., WLAN/WiMAX/Wi-Fi, UMTS2100, C-Band, and DSRC is presented. The quad-band antenna is designed and analyzed in terms of efficiency, gain, radiation pattern, return loss, and VSWR. The optimized design consists of a CPW fed rectangular ring patch with the semi-circular ground. The cross-lines and the semicircular ground is investigated to ascertain the multiband effect. A concept of inset feed mechanism is also interpolated to enhance impedance matching. The framed antenna is examined under the bent condition as well. The reported work is an apt candidate for the proposed applications because of its high efficiency of 95% with a peak gain of 3.22 dBi along with VSWR less than 2. With stable radiation pattern and bandwidth, there is a justified concurrence between simulated and measured results.
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| 19. |
- Javed, Nimra, et al.
(författare)
-
Directly Printable Moisture Sensor Tag for Intelligent Packaging
- 2016
-
Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 16:16, s. 6147-6148
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A compact, flexible 24-b dual-polarized chip-less radio frequency identification tag with a size of 20.6mm x 19.9mm is realized. The tag structure is optimized and analyzed for Taconic, Kapton HN and organic substrate. The prototype fabricated on HP photopaper with silver nanoparticles-based conductive ink is exhibiting a behavior of moisture sensor. The proposed moisture sensor tag has a bandwidth of 13.5GHz. The direct printability of moisture sensor tag makes it suitable for intelligent packaging and various low-cost applications.
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| 20. |
- Javeda, Nimra, et al.
(författare)
-
16-bit frequency signatured directly printable tag for organic electronics
- 2016
-
Ingår i: IEICE Electronics Express. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1349-2543. ; 13:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A compact 16-bit chipless RFID moisture sensor tag with a size of 13.2 x 19.6mm(2) is designed, fabricated and analyzed. The presented moisture sensor tag is realized on a paper substrate with silver nano particle based ink patches as conducting material. The frequency band of operation is 0.5 to 14 GHz having an overall bandwidth of 13.5 GHz. It is loaded with slots of different lengths and widths, etched on the conductive material. The tag exhibits stable sensing characteristic towards moisture in the real environment. The flexible, sensitive and environmental friendly nature of the proposed tag makes it suitable for wider, low-cost and organic electronics applications.
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| 21. |
- Khan, Aamir, et al.
(författare)
-
A Compact Quad-band CPW-fed Planar Resonator for Multiple Wireless Communication Applications
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal. - : The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES). - 1054-4887. ; 32:11, s. 1001-1007
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a low-cost, compact antenna with coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed line for multiband wireless applications. The presented multiband radiator is envisioned for integration into microwave circuits and portable RF devices. The prototype is realized on 1.6 mm thick readily available FR4 substrate with a compact geometrical size of 24x32 mm(2). The acquired quad-bands are centered at: 2.45, 3.5, 5.2 and 5.8 GHz justifying the appropriateness of the proposed radiator for the WLAN and WiMAX applications, as well as Bluetooth and ISM wireless standards. From the aspect of integration into transportable handheld devices and system designing, the presented compact antenna illustrates more expandability and flexibility. The radiation characteristics measured in the E and H-planes for desired operating frequencies are monopole-like and omni-directional, respectively. A sufficient gain is also achieved. Simulated as well as experimental results exhibit agreeable behavior.
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| 22. |
- Khan, Tayyaba, et al.
(författare)
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A Low-Cost CPW-Fed Multiband Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wireless Applications
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Electronics. - : MDPI. - 2079-9292. ; 8:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel, cedar-shaped, coplanar waveguide-fed frequency reconfigurable antenna is proposed. The presented antenna uses low-cost FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. Four PIN diodes are inserted on the antenna surface to variate the current distribution and alter the resonant frequencies with different combinations of switches. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured for all states, and a good agreement is seen between measured and simulated results. This antenna resonates within the range of 2 GHz to 10 GHz, covering the major wireless applications of aviation service, wireless local area network (WLAN), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), long distance radio telecommunications, and X-band satellite communication. The proposed antenna works resourcefully with reasonable gain, significant bandwidth, directivity, and reflection coefficient. The proposed multiband reconfigurable antenna will pave the way for future wireless communications including WLAN, WiMAX, and possibly fifth-generation (5G) communication.
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| 23. |
- Khan, Umar Hasan, et al.
(författare)
-
Compact RFID Enabled Moisture Sensor
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Radioengineering. - : Spolecnost Pro Radioelektronicke Inzenyrstvi. - 1210-2512 .- 1805-9600. ; 25:3, s. 449-456
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research proposes a novel, low-cost RFID tag sensor antenna implemented using commercially available Kodak photo-paper. The aim of this paper is to investigate the possibility of stable, RFID centric communication under varying moisture levels. Variation in the frequency response of the RFID tag in presence of moisture is used to detect different moisture levels. Combination of unique jaw shaped contours and T-matching network is used for impedance matching which results in compact size and minimal ink consumption. Proposed tag is 1.4x9.4 cm(2) in size and shows optimum results for various moisture levels upto 45 % in FCC band with a bore sight read range of 12.1 m.
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| 24. |
- Khan, Umar Hasan, et al.
(författare)
-
Localization of Compact Circularly Polarized RFID Tag Using ToA Technique
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Radioengineering. - : SPOLECNOST PRO RADIOELEKTRONICKE INZENYRSTVI. - 1210-2512 .- 1805-9600. ; 26:1, s. 147-153
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A compact, flexible crossed-dipole circularly polarized antenna using commercially available paper substrate is presented which caters North American frequency band. The crossed-dipoles have meandered lines for reduction of size as well as increased inductivity in the antenna. Dipoles have asymmetric T-shaped rectangular endings to provide the required compactness. Two semicircles are induced between the orthogonal dipoles and meandering matching structure to accomplish circular polarization excitation. Good impedance matching with the chip is achieved through a modified meander line matching structure. The proposed design dimensions are 32 x 32 x 0.4 mm(3). Systematic analysis revealed the results comprising circular polarization 3dB-AR bandwidth of 12 MHz (908-920 MHz) and power transmission coefficient bandwidth of 36 MHz (900-936 MHz). Time delay between interrogating signal and backscattered signal is measured and relative distance is calculated. Linear Least Square (LLS) method is applied to approximate the position of tag in interrogation area. The proposed tag is placed at known locations and its position is measured to analyze accuracy of the method by simulating the positioning algorithm code in MATLAB. Six valid tag positions 0.5-2 m read range and 0 degrees-150 degrees angular resolution has been investigated.
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| 25. |
- Khan, Umar Hasan, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel chipless displacement sensor circuit using spurline resonantor
- 2016
-
Ingår i: IEICE Electronics Express. - : Institute of Electronics Information Communication Engineers. - 1349-2543. ; 13:23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel uni-dimensional chipless displacement sensor circuit based on spurline resonators is presented. Sensor circuit design consists of two components: series of spurline resonators and a selector element. In response to displacement, the selector element slides over the spurline resonator slots that translating this movement into a corresponding change in the circuit's frequency response. The designed circuit offers a capacity of 16 bits in the 2-4.2 GHz frequency band. Half of the bits are designated as the sensory bits, while the other half are attributed as the ID bits. The formulated sensor has a dynamic range from 0-3.75 mm and a minimum resolution of 0.25 mm. The proposed sensor is a prime candidate for deployment in smart cities for ubiquitous infrastructural health monitoring.
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| 26. |
-
Low-Rank Multi-Channel Features for Robust Visual Object Tracking
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Symmetry. - : MDPI. - 2073-8994. ; 11:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kernel correlation filters (KCF) demonstrate significant potential in visual object tracking by employing robust descriptors. Proper selection of color and texture features can provide robustness against appearance variations. However, the use of multiple descriptors would lead to a considerable feature dimension. In this paper, we propose a novel low-rank descriptor, that provides better precision and success rate in comparison to state-of-the-art trackers. We accomplished this by concatenating the magnitude component of the Overlapped Multi-oriented Tri-scale Local Binary Pattern (OMTLBP), Robustness-Driven Hybrid Descriptor (RDHD), Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HoG), and Color Naming (CN) features. We reduced the rank of our proposed multi-channel feature to diminish the computational complexity. We formulated the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model by utilizing the circulant matrix of our proposed feature vector in the kernel correlation filter. The use of discrete Fourier transform in the iterative learning of SVM reduced the computational complexity of our proposed visual tracking algorithm. Extensive experimental results on Visual Tracker Benchmark dataset show better accuracy in comparison to other state-of-the-art trackers.
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| 27. |
- Manan, Abdul, et al.
(författare)
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MIMO Antenna Array for mm-wave 5G Smart Devices
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 2019 22nd ieee international multi topic conference (inmic). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 215-219
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper demonstrates a compact Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna supporting millimeter-wave (mm-wave) 5G communication applications. The antenna structure proposed in this work is a two-port MIMO antenna system, where each MIMO element consists of 1x2 linear array fed with parallel feed network. The prototype is designed on Rogers RO4350B substrate with the board dimensions of 25x35x0.762 mm(3). Defected Ground Structure (DGS) is incorporated to optimize the performance of the demonstrated structure. The resonant frequency band covered by the MIMO antenna array ranges from 38.8-42.9 GHz, thus covering 4.1 GHz wide bandwidth. Whereas, the peak gain attained for the resonant band is 9.86 dB. Moreover, significant isolation is obtained between the MIMO elements. In addition, diversity performance of the demonstrated antenna structure is analyzed through Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), Mean Effective Gain (MEG), and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL). The simple structure, planar configuration, and radiation characteristics validates the presented MIMO antenna array as a suitable candidate for the forthcoming mm-wave 5G applications.
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| 28. |
- Naqvi, Syeda, I, et al.
(författare)
-
An Integrated Antenna System for 4G and Millimeter-Wave 5G Future Handheld Devices
- 2019
-
Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 2169-3536. ; 7, s. 116555-116566
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, an integrated antenna system with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) is presented for Fourth Generation (4G) and millimeter (mm)-wave Fifth Generation (5G) wireless applications and handheld devices. The proposed design with overall dimensions of 110 mm x 75 mm is modeled on 0.508 mm thick Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate. Radiating structure consists of antenna arrays excited by the T-shape 1 x 2 power divider/combiner. Dual bands for 4G centered at 3.8 GHz and 5.5 GHz are attained, whereas the 10-dB impedance bandwidth of 24.4 - 29.3 GHz is achieved for the 5G antenna array. In addition, a peak gain of 5.41 dBi is demonstrated across the operating bandwidth of the 4G antenna array. Similarly, for the 5G mm-wave configuration the attained peak gain is 10.29 dBi. Moreover, significant isolation is obtained between the two antenna modules ensuring efficient dual-frequency band operation using a single integrated solution. To endorse the concept, antenna prototype is fabricated and far-field measurements are procured. Simulated and measured results exhibit coherence. Also the proposed design is investigated for the beam steering capability of the mm-wave 5G antenna array using CST(R)MWS(R). The demonstrated structure offers various advantages including compactness, wide bandwidth, high gain, and planar configuration. Hence, the attained radiation characteristics prove the suitability of the proposed design for the current and future wireless handheld devices.
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| 29. |
- Noor, T., et al.
(författare)
-
High-density chipless RFID tag for temperature sensing
- 2016
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Ingår i: Electronics Letters. - : INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET. - 0013-5194 .- 1350-911X. ; 52:8, s. 620-621
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 30 bit high-density circular chipless RF identification tag based on C-shaped open end polarisation independent slots is presented. The encoding capacity of this design is enhanced in a compact size. Patch diameter of the tag is 24 mm. Circularly polarised incident plane waves are used for excitation. Data capacity of 30 bits is achieved in the frequency band of 3.1-11.7 GHz. Spectral signature-based radar cross- section results are also measured for flexible and temperature sensor integrated design. The prototype is inkjet printed on Kapton (R) HN heat resistant conformal sheet.
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| 30. |
- Rauf, Shahid, et al.
(författare)
-
Triangular loop resonator based compact chipless RFID tag
- 2017
-
Ingår i: IEICE Electronics Express. - : IEICE-INST ELECTRONICS INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS ENG. - 1349-2543. ; 14:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel, frequency selective surface (FSS) inspired, fully passive, chipless data encoding circuit capable of being operated as a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag is presented. The tag is composed of finite repetitions of the unit cell realized on a grounded FR4 substrate having an overall size of 27.5 x 30mm(2). The unit cell is made up of several triangle-shaped resonators patterned in a looped fashion. Variation in the geometric structure of the tag, achieved by addition or removal of nested loops, corresponds to a specific bit sequence. Each sequence is represented in the spectral domain as a unique frequency signature of the resonators. The proposed 10-bit tag covers the spectral range from 4 to 11 GHz. The tag is compact, robust, and exhibits a stable response to impinging signals at different angles of incidence.
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| 31. |
- Riaz, Muhammad Ali, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel Butterfly Slot Based Chipless RFID Tag
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Radioengineering. - : SPOLECNOST PRO RADIOELEKTRONICKE INZENYRSTVI. - 1210-2512 .- 1805-9600. ; 27:3, s. 776-783
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A compact chipless RFID tag with robust readable features is presented in this paper. The tag is made up of novel concentric butterfly slot resonators. Bit data is encoded in the frequency signature of the tag. Each slot corresponds to a resonance peak representing a bit '1', whereas an absence of the peak signifies a bit '0'. Proposed resonator design demonstrates insensitivity to different polarization and incident angles of the linearly polarized impinging electromagnetic wave. The tag operates in the frequency band of 4.7-9.7 GHz, limited within the license free ultra wide-band. Rogers RT/duroid (R) 5880 substrate is used to realize a 10-bit capacity design that spans 14 x 14 mm(2) resulting in a bit density of 5.1 bits/cm(2).
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| 32. |
- Riaz, M. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Novel T-shaped resonator based chipless RFID tag
- 2017
-
Ingår i: IEICE Electronics Express. - : Institute of Electronics Information Communication Engineers. - 1349-2543. ; 14:18
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel, frequency selective surface (FSS) based, data encoding structure amenable to be used as a chipless RFID tag is proposed. The data encoding structure is made up of finite repetitions of a unit cell fabricated on commercially available grounded FR4 substrate having physical dimensions of 15 × 15mm2. The unit cell is composed of numerous T-shaped resonant elements arranged as two atypical sets of concentric nested loops. Alteration in geometry of the encoding circuit, attained by inclusion or omission of nested resonators, corresponds to a particular data sequence. Each encoded data sequence is manifested in the frequency domain as a distinct spectral signature. The proposed 10-bit tag is both compact and robust, and remains interrogable in response to illuminating electromagnetic waves at various angles of incidence.
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| 33. |
- Saeed, Ayesha, et al.
(författare)
-
Robustness-Driven Hybrid Descriptor for Noise-Deterrent Texture Classification
- 2019
-
Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 2169-3536. ; 7, s. 110116-110127
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A robustness-driven hybrid descriptor (RDHD) for noise-deterrent texture classification is presented in this paper. This paper offers the ability to categorize a variety of textures under challenging image acquisition conditions. An image is initially resolved into its low-frequency components by applying wavelet decomposition. The resulting low-frequency components are further processed for feature extraction using completed joint-scale local binary patterns (CJLBP). Moreover, a second feature set is obtained by computing the low order derivatives of the original sample. The evaluated feature sets are integrated to get a final feature vector representation. The texture-discriminating performance of the hybrid descriptor is analyzed using renowned datasets: Outex original, Outex extended, and KTH-TIPS. The experimental results demonstrate a stable and robust performance of the descriptor under a variety of noisy conditions. An accuracy of 95.86%, 32.52%, and 88.74% at noise variance of 0.025 is achieved for the given datasets, respectively. A comparison between performance parameters of the proposed paper with its parent descriptors and recently published paper is also presented.
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| 34. |
- Satti, J. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Highly-dense flexible chipless RFID tag
- 2017
-
Ingår i: IEICE Electronics Express. - : IEEE. - 1349-2543. ; 14:18
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 27-bit circular shaped, highly-dense, fully printable chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag is presented in this letter. High data capacity is provided in a compact size. The total dimension of the tag is 22 × 22mm2. For exciting the tag, the linearly polarized incident plane wave is used. The circular shaped tag structure is analyzed for three different substrates, i.e., Rogers RT/duroid®/5870, Taconic TLX-0 and DuPont™ Kapton® HN. The spectral range for Rogers RT/duroid®/5870 is 3.3-13.5 GHz, 3.4-13.6 GHz for Taconic TLX-0 and 3.7-15.1 GHz for DuPont™ Kapton® HN substrate. Flexibility is achieved by using Kapton® HN substrate. The presented tag is low-cost and flexible; hence it can be easily deployed on wide range of objects.
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| 35. |
- Satti, Javeria Anum, et al.
(författare)
-
Miniaturized humidity and temperature sensing RFID enabled tags
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1096-4290 .- 1099-047X. ; 28:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A compact 27-bit linearly polarized chipless radio frequency identification tag is presented in this research. The proposed tag is designed with an overall tag dimension of 23 x 23 mm(2). The tag comprises of metallic (copper) rings-based structure loaded with slots. These slots correspond to a particular sequence of bits. The circular tag is analysed using 2 different substrates, that is, Rogers RT/duroid/5870 and flexible Rogers RT/duroid/5880. The radar cross-section response of frequency signatured tag is analysed for humidity and temperature sensor designs. Humidity sensing is achieved by deploying a DuPont Kapton HN heat resistant sheet on the shortest slot of the tag, that is, the sensing slot. Temperature sensing is attained using Rogers RT/duroid/5870 and Stanyl polyamide as a combined substrate. Hence, the miniaturized, robust, and flexible tag can be deployed over irregular surfaces for sensing purposes.
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| 36. |
- Shabbir, Ghulam, et al.
(författare)
-
Buffer-Aided Successive Relay Selection Scheme for Energy Harvesting IoT Networks
- 2019
-
Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 2169-3536. ; 7, s. 36246-36258
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we analyze the impact of buffer-aided full-duplex successive relay selection schemes with energy harvesting capability of relay nodes in amplifying and forward (AF) and decode and forward (DF) relaying environments for the Internet of Things networks. We propose to select a relay pair based on the energy harvested and signal strength at relay and destination to receive and transmit in the same time slot, respectively. Contrary to the previous relay pair selection schemes which are based on the signal strength only and cause the relay overuse problem, the proposed scheme ensures the balanced use of energy of relay nodes. The proposed relay selection scheme is implemented with the time switching (TS) and power splitting (PS)-based energy harvesting models in AF and DF relaying environments separately. Furthermore, we derive the closed-form expression of the outage probability and average throughput for both the TS and PS approaches in the DF and AF relaying modes. We compare the proposed relay selection scheme with the S-MMRS scheme and prove that the proposed scheme significantly reduces the outage probability and improves the average throughput. Furthermore, the analytical findings are reinforced with the extensive Monte Carlo simulations.
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| 37. |
- Shahid, Humayun, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel QR-incorporated chipless RFID tag
- 2019
-
Ingår i: IEICE Electronics Express. - : IEICE-INST ELECTRONICS INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS ENG. - 1349-2543. ; 16:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work ideates a novel approach for designing a QR-incorporated data encoding structure that functions as a fully-passive, chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag. Several concentric square-shaped resonant slots embedded strategically within a QR-patterned region constitute the tag. A functional prototype is realized over an ungrounded Duroid (R) 5880 substrate, and the same is evaluated for its electromagnetic performance. The tag performs encoding of up to 118 data bits distributed across spectral and optical domain in a compact form factor measuring 55 x 55 mm(2). Possible applications of the formulated tag include multi-layer authentication for secure access control in smart cities and connected homes.
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| 38. |
- Tariq, N., et al.
(författare)
-
A Novel Kite-Shaped Chipless RFID Tag for Low-Profile Applications
- 2019
-
Ingår i: IETE Journal of Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0377-2063 .- 0974-780X. ; , s. 1-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper a novel, compact 10-bit chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag with stable readable characteristics is proposed. The tag is composed of several concentric novel kite-shaped loop resonators. The desired data sequence is obtained by the insertion or removal of nested elements, offering a 1:1 data bit to resonance correspondence. Each data sequence is encoded in the spectral domain of the tag. The proposed tag shows operability at different polarizations and incident angles of the impinging electromagnetic waves. Operating within the ultra-wideband (UWB), the tag is realized on the Roger RT/duroid® 5880 substrate having physical dimensions of 13.55 × 13.55 mm2. The measurement results of the design reveal a high code density and spectral efficiency of 5.44 bits/cm2 and 2 bits/GHz, respectively. The compact and robust passive chipless RFID tag having scalable data storage potential can be deployed in numerous low-profile applications such as those of wearable and healthcare.
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| 39. |
- Tariq, Nimra, et al.
(författare)
-
Orientation Independent Chipless RFID Tag Using Novel Trefoil Resonators
- 2019
-
Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 2169-3536. ; 7, s. 122398-122407
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, a compact and fully passive bit encoding circuit, capable of operating as a chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag is presented. The structure consists of novel concentric trefoil-shaped slot resonators realized using Rogers RT/duroid (R) 5880 laminate, occupying a physical footprint of 13.55 x 13.55 mm(2). Each resonating element is associated with a particular data bit, having a 1:1 resonator-to-bit correspondence. Bit sequences are configured through introducing modifications in the geometric structure either by addition or exclusion of each nested slot resonator. Such changes manifest directly in the electromagnetic signature of the tag as presence or absence of corresponding resonant peaks. The proposed 10-bit tag offers minimized inter-resonator mutual coupling and insensitivity to changes in polarization and incident angles thereby demonstrating orientation independent functionality. Moreover, error-free encoding is achieved through stabilizing the shift in resonant frequencies for a variety of different geometric configurations and orientation of the structure. The tag operates within the license-free ultrawideband ranging from 5.4 to 10.4 GHz, providing spectral bit capacity and bit density of 2 bits/GHz and 5.44 bits/cm(2) respectively.
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| 40. |
-
Texture Representation Through Overlapped Multi-Oriented Tri-Scale Local Binary Pattern
- 2019
-
Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 2169-3536. ; 7, s. 66668-66679
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper ideates a novel texture descriptor that retains its classification accuracy under varying conditions of image orientation, scale, and illumination. The proposed Overlapped Multi-oriented Tri-scale Local Binary Pattern (OMTLBP) texture descriptor also remains insensitive to additive white Gaussian noise. The wavelet decomposition stage of the OMTLBP provides robustness to photometric variations, while the two subsequent stages - overlapped multi-oriented fusion and multi-scale fusion - provide resilience against geometric transformations within an image. Isolated encoding of constituent pixels along each scale in the joint histogram enables the proposed descriptor to capture both micro and macro structures within the texture. Performance of the OMTLBP is evaluated by classifying a variety of textured images belonging to Outex, KTH-TIPS, Brodatz, CUReT, and UIUC datasets. The experimental results validate the superiority of the proposed method in terms of classification accuracy when compared with the state-of-the-art texture descriptors for noisy images.
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| 41. |
- Ul Hassan, Mubashir, et al.
(författare)
-
A Compact Flexible and Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Quintuple Applications
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Radioengineering. - : SPOLECNOST PRO RADIOELEKTRONICKE INZENYRSTVI. - 1210-2512 .- 1805-9600. ; 26:3, s. 655-661
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel, compact coplanar waveguide-fed flexible antenna is presented. The proposed design uses flexible Rogers RT/duroid 5880 (0.508 mm thickness) as a substrate with small size of 30 x 28.4 mm(2). Two switches are integrated on the antenna surface to change the current distribution which consequently changes the resonance frequency under different conditions of switches, thereby making it a frequency reconfigurable antenna. The antenna design is simulated on CST (R) MWS (R). The proposed antenna exhibits VSWR < 2 and appreciable radiation patterns with positive gain over desired frequency bands. Good agreement exists between simulated and measured results. On the basis of results, the proposed antenna is envisioned to be deployed for the following applications; aeronautical radio navigation [4.3 GHz], AMT fixed services [4.5 GHz], WLAN [5.2 GHz], Unlicensed WiMAX [5.8 GHz] and X-band [7.5 GHz].
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| 42. |
- Zahra, Anum, et al.
(författare)
-
A chipless RFID tag for smart temporal applications
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. - : WILEY. - 1096-4290 .- 1099-047X. ; 28:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A compact, robust, chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag is proposed. Resonant elements patterned in a concentric fashion encode data in the spectral domain employing frequency shift encoding. The proposed tag encodes 28.25 data bits over a miniscule physical footprint of 25 x 25 mm(2). The formulated scheme is demonstrated to be viable for encoding of temporal variables. The electromagnetic performance of the presented design is investigated for different laminates: Rogers RT/duroid (R) 5880 and Taconic TLX-0. Multiple tag prototypes employing a variety of substrates are realized and evaluated for in-laboratory performance. The proposed design is compared with existing work reported in literature. Code density of 4.52 bits/cm(2) has been successfully achieved. The tag design operates from 3.07 to 10.6 GHz and is readily realizable on flexible laminates. Smart retail, intelligent packaging, adaptive ticketing, and similar time-related applications can be materialized using the proposed tag.
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