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| 3. |
- Ammert, Niklas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Historical and Moral Consciousness in Education : Learning Ethics for Democratic Citizenship Education
- 2022
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historical and Moral Consciousness highlights how ethics can be understood in the context of History education. It analyses the qualitative differences in how young people respond to historical and moral dilemmas of relevance to democratic values and human rights education.Drawing on a four-year international project, the book offers nuanced discussion and new scholarly understanding of the intersections between historical consciousness and moral consciousness within research. It develops new theoretical tools for history teaching and learning that can support teachers as they endeavor to educate for democratic citizenship. The book includes a meta-analysis of research within history Didaktik and around historical events with a moral bearing, and presents a comparative study of Australian, Finnish, and Swedish high school students’ moral understandings of historical dilemmas.Raising important questions about how our learning from the past is intertwined with our present and future interpretations and judgements, this book will be of great interest to academics, scholars, teachers, and post graduate students in the fields of history education, democratic education, human rights education, and citizenship education.
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| 4. |
- Ammert, Niklas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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History and moral encounters - an international research project, its results and implications for heritage educattion
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The project, History and Moral Encounters: exploring theoretical and empirical intersections of historical and moral consciousness from a History didaktik perspective, funded by the Swedish Research Council 2017-2022, was aimed to increase understanding of intersections of historical consciousness and moral consciousness in order to develop new theoretical tools for History teaching and learning that can support education for democratic citizenship. A starting point was that historical consciousness and moral consciousness are intertwined in interpreting and making meaningful the connections between the past, the present, and the future. Prior studies have indicated this is the case, and in the project a set of theoretical and empirical studies were done in Sweden, Finland and Australia, to further theorise and probe the connections empirically. History as a school subject is expected and often also stipulated to address moral questions and values and promote education for democratic citizenship, but the conceptual basis for this has been under-developed. The paper presents some of the key findings of the project and takes the opportunity to discuss further their connection with, and implications for heritage education where moral values and the processing of links between the different layers of time, from the past to the future, are central but often under-theorised questions.
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| 6. |
- Ammert, Niklas, 1968-
(författare)
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Hur elever förstår och använder begreppen förändring och kontinuitet
- 2022
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Ingår i: Radar: Historiedidaktisk tidskrft. - Jelling : Historielab. - 2446-4309. ; , s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Ämnesspråk och historiska begrepp betonas i både historiedidaktisk forskning och i styrdokument/läroplaner för historieämnet i flera länder. Frågorna om eleverna kan använda begreppen, hur de använder dem och om de förstår begreppen behöver svar. Artikeln handlar om dessa frågor och de illustreras av autentiska elevsvar. Avslutningsvis diskuteras tankar om hur lärare och elever kan utveckla förmågan att använda historiska begrepp.
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| 7. |
- Ammert, Niklas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying aspects of temporal orientation in students’ moral reflections
- 2020
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Ingår i: History Education Research Journal (HERJ). - London : UCL Press. - 2631-9713 .- 1472-9474. ; 17:2, s. 132-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- History education comprises moral issues and moral aspects, often perceived as an important and meaning-making foundation that makes learning relevant and interesting. The interrelationship between time layers fuels historical interpretations and facilitates perceptions of moral issues. This article focuses on a study investigating how secondary school students express inter-temporal relationships in encounters with a morally challenging historical event, which for the participants would have been a moral dilemma. Using historical consciousness as the theoretical framework, a matrix linking two prominent theoretical models – Jörn Rüsen’s (2004) types of narratives and Ann Chinnery’s (2013) strands of historical consciousness – was developed to analyse and categorize secondary school students’ expressions of temporal orientation. To carry out the research, 15-year-old Finnish and Swedish students read an excerpt from Christopher Browning’s (2017) book Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland (originally published in 1992). The students answered and discussed open-ended questions regarding the relevance of the text to their lives and others’ lives, and the applicability of this historical situation to Europe now and in the future. Using this empirical material, the analysis provides a tentative overarching depiction of students’ expressions of temporal orientation, and reports on findings of how temporal orientations relate to moral reflection.
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| 8. |
- Ammert, Niklas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Moral Consciousness
- 2023
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Ingår i: Bloomsbury History: Theory and Method. - London : Bloomsbury Publishing.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Moral consciousness can be defined as an ability to perceive that a social situation involves a moral dimension. It is the awareness that the consequence of one’s actions for the concerned parties is a morally pertinent issue, and an ability to think of potential consequences. As will be discussed below, moral consciousness has been given different meanings in different fields of scientific inquiry, and there is no widely established view of the content of the concept.The term “moral consciousness” has come up also in papers discussing historical consciousness though it usually has not been defined or elaborated in depth in that context. That there are connections, or “intersections” (Ammert et al. 2022), between how people relate to history and morality is evident. This happens, for example, in the encounter with history where reading a historical narrative sets in motion a moral evaluation of the historical event and the people involved in it. In fact, it is difficult to imagine a historical narrative that does not invite, at some level, the reader to a moral response.Exploring similarities and differences between the moral values and norms of the past and the present stimulates historical consciousness because it invites to reflect on the historical continuities and discontinuities and their implications for the future (Ammert 2015). Such reflections might easily express a presentist view that the current prevailing moral values are transhistorically valid, or relativism where every historical period is thought to have its own perception of morality that cannot be related to each other without it being anachronistic. Neither of these two positions is sensitive to the complexity of continuity and discontinuity between the past, present, and future, as in more elaborate historical consciousness. They are also not sensitive to the question as to what extent moral responses are culturally constructed or embedded in the psychology of the human species.
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| 11. |
- Ammert, Niklas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Perspectives on History and Moral Encounters
- 2022
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Ingår i: Historical Encounters. - Newcastle : HERMES Research Group, University of Newcastle. - 2203-7543. ; 9:2, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We are at a time in world political history that seems to be on a precipice. Over the past decade, it is difficult to ignore the global growth in popularity for autocratic governments, also in some countries which for decades were either strong democracies or moving towards stable democratic governance. The current Russian attack on Ukraine brings into stark focus the political instability many citizens are facing—historical problems are causing, or used as a pretext for, current conflicts. History educators across many sectors—primary, secondary, university, and in public spaces such as museums and galleries – are curious about how these and other current events and issues can and should be approached. The events raise anew the questions of whether and how we can learn from the past, what we value as good and bad in the past, and how these insights might affect our present and future judgements. In relation to this it becomes vital to ponder how educators and members of the public can communicate the situation in Ukraine and similar events to others, while avoiding the bias that presentism can bring.
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| 12. |
- Ammert, Niklas, 1968-
(författare)
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Planerna på svensk invasion av Bornholm 1945
- 2023
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Ingår i: Elva-Posten : Kungl Kronobergs Regementes Kamratförenings Tidning. - Växjö : Kungl Kronobergs Regementes Kamratförening. ; :3-4, s. 19-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 14. |
- Edling, Silvia, Universitetslektor, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping moral consciousness in research on historical consciousness and education : a summative content analysis of 512 research articles published between 1980 and 2020
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Curriculum Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0022-0272 .- 1366-5839. ; 54:2, s. 282-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to provide a unique overview of how third-order concepts, linked to moral consciousness, are expressed in research articles on historical consciousness related to education, as well as to document how frequently the concepts are applied between 1980 and 2020. A count of word frequency says something about how popular (strong) a concept is during a particular period, while different themes of moral consciousness enable teachers, students, and researchers to broaden their perceptions and sharpen their (moral) judgment in their day-to-day reflections and practices. The following questions guide the study: 1. How do words signal good/bad and right/wrong in the texts about historical consciousness? 2. How frequently are the words mentioned? And 3. What kind of frames do the choices of words indicate for educational practice and purpose(s)? Very strong, strong, medium, and weak words have been located between 1980 and 2020 depending on how often the words are mentioned. Five themes were found and are reported on in this article: cosmopolitanism, democracy, emancipation, character building, and existential struggles, which all come with different frames for how to approach the past in relation to the present and future in history education.
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| 15. |
- Edling, Silvia, Universitetslektor, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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The good citizen : Revisiting moral motivations for introducing historical consciousness in history education drawing on the writings of Gadamer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Citizenship, Social and Economics Education. - : Sage Publications. - 1478-8047 .- 2047-1734. ; 19:2, s. 133-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historical consciousness is regarded as an important means to stimulate moral citizens through history education. This article conceptually examines the moral dimension associated with historical consciousness by revisiting the paradigm wars between natural science based on positivism and human and social sciences during the 1960s–1990s as expressed through the voice of Gadamer. More specifically, the article explores:(1) the moral arguments that Gadamer put forward for introducing historical consciousness and (2) the epistemological and ontological building blocks for approaching morality in history education that his arguments brought to the fore. In general, moral consciousness in relation to historical consciousness draws attention to: (a) people’s life conditions, (b) that moral reasoning and practice are influenced by feelings and reason, (c) that reflections on past events can help to interpret our ways of being towards others in the present and future, (d) that a plurality of people, thoughts and history are important to acknowledge and (e) that every person is part of creating history and responsible for weaving the past/present/future web in ways that acknowledge others.
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| 16. |
- Edling, Silvia, Universitetslektor, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Why is ethics important in history education? A dialogue between the various ways of understanding the relationship between ethics and historical consciousness
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ethics and Education. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1744-9642 .- 1744-9650. ; 15:3, s. 336-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In light of current tendencies, where appreciating plurality and uphold everyone's equal value is being questioned from different directions, there is arguably a need to revive the ethical dimension of history education as a way of learning about difficult histories, including traumatic pasts. Since the 1970s historical consciousness has played an important role in articulating an approach to history with an ethical mindset. Although many theories suggest that there is a connection between ethics and historical consciousness, a deeper understanding of this link is generally absent. This article discusses selected key texts by major researchers in the field, namely Rusen, Seixas and Morton, Chinnery, and Simon. Their texts reflect four different perspectives, which, in this article are kept in dialogue with one another as a way of stimulating and sharpening ethical understanding and judgement in history education through the theoretical toolbox offered.
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| 18. |
- Kakoulidou, Kristina, 1973-
(författare)
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Från A till F : Bedömning och betygssättning i historia på gymnasiet
- 2021
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This licentiate thesis examines how history teachers in Swedish upper secondary school translate the syllabus for History 1b into practice when they construct, assess and grade student assignments and exams, and how this, in turn, affects students’ final grades and the equivalence of grades.The empirical material was collected from six teachers at five different upper secondary schools, and consisted of, on the one hand, authentic students’ assignments and exams, along with partial grades and resulting final grades, and, on the other hand, the teachers’ reflections on the processes involved in assessing and grading said assignments and exams, and subsequently awarding final grades. The teachers’ reflections were obtained through interviews, in which the informants were asked to go through their students’ work and “think aloud” about the reasons for their assessments.The empirical material was analysed based on a modified version of Bloom’s revised taxonomy, in terms of how well it aligned with the syllabus, as well as in terms of whether assignments and exams differed between student groups as a result of the teachers’ different interpretations of the syllabus. The results of the analysis were subsequently used to discuss the equivalence of grades.In conclusion, the study shows that there are clear differences in how the teachers participating in the study translate and implement the intentions of the syllabus in their assignments and exams – as regards content as well as cognitive levels. Whereas some teachers base their assignments and exams on the full range of content categories and cognitive levels covered by the syllabus, others focus on fewer content categories at less advanced cognitive levels. It seems reasonable to assume that this, in turn, affects grading in that it will be harder for students belonging to the former group to achieve a high final grade, than it will for students belonging to the latter group. Consequently, the equivalence of grades is negatively affected. KeywordsHistory education, assessment, grading, alignment, upper secondary school, curriculum, syllabus.
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| 19. |
- Löfström, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Advances in ethics education in the history classroom : after intersections of moral and historical consciousness
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Ethics Education. - : Springer. - 2363-9997 .- 2364-0006. ; 6, s. 239-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the history classroom as a context for ethics and moral education is a long, but also contested, tradition. Recently, more emphasis has been put on how to incorporate ethics education, with this paper exploring the spaces of ethics and moral education in the history classroom. It is argued here that insights from moral philosophy and theories of historical consciousness, but – importantly – also moral psychology and the study of moral emotions, are needed to realise the potential of history teaching and learning to support ethics education. Following this line, three spaces of ethics education in the history classroom are identified in this paper, including: reasoning about the moral quality of historical actors’ conduct; the use of historical empathy (perspective-taking); and reflection of the past’s moral meaning to the present and the future. As an example of how to implement this, a set of stimulus activities is presented that is designed for the classroom and a qualitative analysis of students’ responses that explicate expressions of students’ moral reasoning, perspective-taking, and historical consciousness.
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| 20. |
- Löfström, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Avanços na educação ética na aula de história : o prosseguimento das interseções da consciência moral e histórica
- 2023
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Ingår i: Currículo sem Fronteiras. - Brasil : Curriculo sem Fronteiras. - 1645-1384. ; 22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Usar a aula de história como um espaço para a moral e ética na educação é uma tradição de longa duração, mesmo que com contestações. Recentemente, tem havido uma maior ênfase em como incorporar a ética na educação, como é o caso deste artigo, que busca explorar os espaços da moral e ética na educação na sala de aula de história. Argumenta-se aqui que a compreensão da filosofia moral e das teorias da consciência histórica, assim como a relevante psicologia moral e do estudo das emoções morais, são necessários para perceber o potencial do ensino e aprendizagem da história dar suporte à ética na educação. Seguindo essa linha, são identificados neste artigo três espaços de ética aplicados à educação nas aulas de história, entre eles: o raciocínio sobre a qualidade moral da conduta dos atores históricos; o uso da empatia histórica (tomada de perspectiva); e reflexo do significado moral do passado para o presente e o futuro. Como exemplo de como implementar isso, é apresentado um conjunto de atividades de estímulo projetadas para a sala de aula, junto de uma análise qualitativa da resposta dos alunos, a qual explica expressões de raciocínio moral, tomada de perspectiva e consciência histórica dos alunos.
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| 21. |
- Löfström, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Can and should history give ethical guidande? : Finnish and Swedish grade 9 students on moral judgement-making in history
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nordidactica. - Karlstad : Karlstad University. - 2000-9879. ; 4, s. 88-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- History is often invested with moral messages. When asked what history for them is, 15-year-old Europeans have strongly supported the option that history is instructive stories of good and evil, right and wrong. But what do they actually think of the potential of history as a moral guide? Do they think history can communicate what was, or would have been, the morally good choice of action in specific historic circumstances? Do they think moral questions should be discussed in a History classroom? Do young people in different countries answer these questions in the same way, and if there are differences, what are they? This paper aims to give some answers to these questions, using Swedish and Finnish Year 9 students’ responses from a survey and interviews that focused on their reasoning on moral questions in relation to history, and their ability to deal with moral dilemmas situated in a historical context. The focus is on how the students see historical knowledge as different from, or related to, moral judgment and what patterns are discernable in this respect. This is done by analysing what functions the students give to history and what arguments they use in justifying the answer. The data provides an opportunity to locate similarities and differences between Finnish and Swedish students’ responses. Tentative conclusions on the basis of the findings are discussed.
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| 23. |
- Sharp, Heather, et al.
(författare)
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A Review of Doctoral Theses Since 2000 : Historical Consciousness in the Australian Context
- 2020
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Ingår i: Yearbook (of the International Society for History Didactics). - Frankfurt am Main : International Society for History Didactics. - 1608-8751. ; 41, s. 123-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historical consciousness and moral consciousness as a joint, or intertwined, concept is relatively new in the history education context of Australia. While it has been used for a longer period in research internationally, it is only in the past decade that is has gained momentum and popularity in the Australian research context. This paper examines doctoral theses submitted to Australian universities since 2000 to map how historical consciousness and moral consciousness is conceptualised in higher education research. As the largest group of researchers in universities, the selection of this concept to analysis how it is conceptualised and operationalised in theses is of interest when mapping its application. From a total of 14 theses that included the terms, two were selected for an in-depth case study that this paper reports on using a critical discourse studies approach.
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