| 1. |
- Andersson, Carin, et al.
(författare)
-
Bandsawing. Part I: cutting force model including effects of positional errors, tool dynamics and wear
- 2000
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture. - 0890-6955. ; 41:2, s. 227-236
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a mechanical cutting force model for bandsawing. The model describes the variation in cutting force between individual teeth and relates it to initial positional errors, tool dynamics and edge wear. Bandsawing is a multi-tooth cutting process, and the terminology of the cutting action is discussed and compared with other cutting processes. It will also be shown that the setting pattern and the preset feed govern the cutting data.
|
|
| 2. |
- Olin, Anna-Carin, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence of asthma and exhaled nitric oxide are increased in bleachery workers exposed to ozone.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. - 0903-1936. ; 23:1, s. 87-92
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of the present study were to determine whether exposure to high peaks of ozone resulted in an increased prevalence of asthma or respiratory symptoms among bleachery workers and whether nitric oxide (NO) was elevated in the exhaled air of these workers. Bleachery workers (n=228) from three Swedish pulp mills who had been exposed to ozone, together with 63 unexposed control subjects, were investigated by means of spirometry, Phadiatop, exhaled and nasal NO and answers to a questionnaire concerning respiratory symptoms and exposure. Exposure to an ozone peak that gave rise to respiratory symptoms was defined as a "gassing". Bleachery workers reporting four or more gassings involving ozone had an increased prevalence of adult-onset asthma, wheeze, and current asthma symptoms. They also had a higher median concentration of exhaled NO in comparison with those who reported no such gassings (19.2 versus 15.7 parts per billion). No such associations were found in respect of nasal NO. The results from this study show that bleachery workers who have been repeatedly exposed to ozone gassings have an increased prevalence of adult-onset asthma. The results also indicate exhaled nitric oxide may be a marker of airway inflammation in bleachery workers who have been exposed to high peaks of ozone.
|
|
| 3. |
- Andersson, Anna-Carin, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Activation of human neonatal monocyte-derived dendritic cells by lipopolysaccharide down-regulates birch allergen-induced Th2 differentiation
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Eur J Immunol. ; 34:12, s. 3516-24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidemiological studies describe an inverse association between the level of environmental endotoxin exposure during infancy and the prevalence of allergic disease in children. To study the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipopeptide Pam3Cys signaling via Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and TLR2 on dendritic cells (DC), respectively, on birch allergen-induced T cell differentiation, cord blood monocyte-derived DC were exposed to birch allergen extract alone or in combination with LPS or Pam3Cys and thereafter co-cultured with naive autologous T cells. We demonstrate that birch allergen alone induced high levels of IL-13 from neonatal T cells, whereas the production of IL-5 and IFN-gamma was modest. Stimulation of DC with birch allergen together with LPS but not Pam3Cys resulted in a decreased IL-13 production by T cells compared to birch allergen alone. Furthermore, birch allergen together with LPS induced increased up-regulation of activation markers expressed on the surface and production of cytokines from DC relative to stimulation with birch allergen alone. Finally, birch allergen partially suppressed both LPS- and Pam3Cys-induced DC maturation. Our results indicate that concomitant TLR4 stimulation during the initial phase of immune activation to birch allergen in infants may inhibit the development of a T helper 2-type response.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Andersson, Anna-Carin, et al.
(författare)
-
No apparent reduction of gene flow in a hybrid zone between the West and North European karyotypic groups of the common shrew, Sorex araneus.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Mol Ecol. - 0962-1083. ; 13:5, s. 1205-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The common shrew, Sorex araneus, exhibits an unusually high level of karyotypic variation. Populations with identical or similar karyotypes are defined as chromosome races, which are, in turn, grouped into larger evolutionary units, karyotypic groups. Using six microsatellite markers, we investigated the genetic structure of a hybrid zone between the Sidensjo and Abisko chromosome races, representatives of two distinct karyotypic groups believed to have been separated during the last glacial maximum, the West European karyotypic group (western group) and the North European karyotypic group (northern group), respectively. Significant FST values among populations suggest some weak genetic structure. All hierarchical levels show similar levels of genetic differentiation, equivalent to levels of genetic structure in several intraracial studies of common shrew populations from central Europe. Notably, genetic differentiation was of the same order of magnitude between and within karyotypic groups. Although the genetic differentiation was weak, the correlation between genetic and geographical distance was positive and significant, suggesting that the genetic variation observed between populations is a function of geographical distance rather than racial origin. Hence, considerable chromosomal differences do not seem to prevent extensive gene flow.
|
|
| 7. |
- Andersson, Anna-Carin, 1970-
(författare)
-
Postglacial Population History of the Common Shrew (Sorex araneus) in Fennoscandia : Molekylära studier av återkolonisation, könsbundet genflöde och kromosomrasbildning.
- 2004
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The common shrew, Sorex araneus, has one of the most variable karyotypes among mammals, displaying numerous chromosomes races throughout its distribution, which can be categorized into different karyotypic groups. The objective of this thesis was to examine the postglacial population history of Fennoscandian common shrews using autosomal microsatellites, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and a Y chromosome specific microsatellite (L8Y).Autosomal microsatellites and mtDNA revealed weak genetic structure over a hybrid zone between the karyotypically divergent Northern and Western karyotypic groups. However, the genetic structure displayed by the Y chromosome microsatellite was orders of magnitude higher. Hence, considerable chromosomal differences between the groups do not prevent female gene flow, while male gene flow is reduced (cf. Haldane's rule). Further, the results suggest that the Haldane effect may be caused by the chromosomal differences between the karyotypic groups.No mtDNA differentiation was observed either between chromosome races or between the Northern and Western karyotypic groups in Fennoscandia. The combined pattern of karyotypic and mtDNA variation of Fennoscandian common shrews, suggest bi-directional postglacial recolonisation from a single refugium in Europe. The variation of the Y-linked microsatellite supported this conclusion. In contrast, significant mtDNA structure, discordant with the karyotypic variation, revealed that common shrews in southern Finland belong to a different lineage than remaining Fennoscandian regions, implying postglacial recolonisation from a different source.MtDNA variation of the chromosome races in Sweden supports the hypothesis that three races of the Western karyotypic group have been formed through whole arm reciprocal translocations (WARTs), as suggested by their mutual karyotypic variation. The variation of the molecular markers supports the theory of rapid karyotypic evolution in the common shrew.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Andersson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Paired multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PMRT-PCR) analysis as a rapid and accurate diagnostic tool for the detection of MLL fusion genes in hematologic malignancies
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Leukemia. - 1476-5551. ; 15:8, s. 1293-1293
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MLL gene in chromosome band 11q23 is frequently rearranged in acute lymphoblastic and acute myeloid leukemias. To date, more than 50 different chromosomal regions are known to participate in translocations involving 11q23, many of which affect MLL. The pathogenetically important outcome of these rearrangements is most likely the creation of a fusion gene consisting of the 5' part of the MLL gene and the 3' end of the partner gene. Although abnormalities of the MLL gene as such are generally associated with poor survival, recent data suggest that the prognostic impact varies among the different fusion genes generated. Hence, detection of the specific chimeric gene produced is important for proper prognostication and clinical decision making. We have developed a paired multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis to facilitate a rapid and accurate detection of the most frequent MLL fusion genes in adult and childhood acute leukemias. To increase the specificity, two sets of primers were designed for each fusion gene, and these paired primer sets were run in parallel in two separate multiplex one-step PCR reactions. Using the described protocol, we were able to amplify successfully, in one single assay, the six clinically relevant fusion genes generated by the t(4;11)(q21;q23) [MLL/AF4], t(6;11)(q27;q23) [MLL/AF6], t(9;11)(p21-22;q23) [MLL/AF9], t(10;11)(p11-13;q23) [MLL/AF10], t(11;19)(q23;p13.1) [MLL/ELL], and t(11;19)(q23; p13.3) [MLL/ENL] in cell lines, as well as in patient material.
|
|
| 11. |
- Andersson, Carin, et al.
(författare)
-
Bandsawing. Part II: detecting positional errors, tool dynamics and wear by cutting force measurement
- 2000
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture. - 0890-6955. ; 41:2, s. 237-253
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a method for measuring individual cutting forces during bandsawing. Methods for detecting errors in cutting edge positions, tool dynamics during machining and geometry changes due to wear have also been developed. The experimental studies that we have conducted show that the cutting forces vary during the tool engagement. These variations in force were then quantified using a previously developed cutting force model for multi-tooth cutting processes including effects of positional errors, tool dynamics and wear.
|
|
| 12. |
- Andersson, Carin
(författare)
-
Bandsawing. Part III: stress analysis of saw tooth microgeometry
- 2001
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture. - 0890-6955. ; 41:2, s. 255-263
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a stress analysis of a saw tooth. The analysis aims to determine the stress distribution for various egde load and varying microgeometry. The analysis is performed on a three-dimensional finite element model representing the tip of a saw tooth. The 3D model makes it possible to model the load distribution and study stress distributions across the width of the teeth with a sufficient accuracy. The FEM calculations are based on experimental measurements of the individual cutting forces during bandsawing. The previous studies of nonuniform contact relationships on the rake face is used when modelling the load distribution.
|
|
| 13. |
- Andersson, Eva, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Adult-onset asthma and wheeze among irritant-exposed bleachery workers.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: American journal of industrial medicine. - : Wiley. - 0271-3586. ; 43:5, s. 532-538
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Whether new-onset asthma is associated with irritant exposure is unclear. The aim was to investigate if occupational exposure to irritant gases, especially repeated peak exposure (gassings), increased the risk of obstructive airways disease. Methods Data on airway symptoms and exposure among bleachery (n=101) and paper department workers (n=314) were collected by a questionnaire. Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HR) (Cox regression) were calculated. Non-responders were interviewed by telephone. Results The incidence rate for adult-onset physician-diagnosed asthma among bleachery workers reporting gassings giving rise to respiratory symptoms was 7.6/103 person-years and for those without gassings 2.2/103 person-years, compared to 1.0/103 person-years for paper workers. In a Cox regression model for asthma (n=12), stratified for sex, HR for gassings were 5.6 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.6–20), for hay fever 3.0 (95% CI 0.8–11), and for ever smoking 0.7 (95% CI 0.2–2.4). The same model for adult-onset wheeze gave HR of 5.2 (95% CI 2.2–12), 1.7 (95% CI 0.6–5.4), and 1.1 (95% CI 0.5–2.7), respectively. Conclusions Repeated peak exposure to irritant gases, here studied as gassings in the pulp industry, increased the risk for both adult-onset asthma and wheeze.
|
|
| 14. |
- Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Bright waters, dark moods – explaining regional differences in early retirement with psychiatric disorders
- 2002
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. ; 12:Suppl 1
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Social insurance costs have increased dramatically in Sweden and are now higher than the total costs for all health care in the country. Aim The aim of this study was to describe the regional differences in early retirement with psychiatric disorders over the last 20 years and to analyse these differences in relation to the socio demographic distribution of the population in different regions. Method The study was performed as an ecological study comparing the rates of early retirement in Sweden, in the city of Göteborg and the county of Bohuslän, both located on the Swedish west coast. The study population was all sickness insured individuals aged 16–64 years. Data on early retirement was collected from the National Social Insurance register. Population data was collected from Statistics Sweden. Diagnoses were classified according to ICD. Longitudinal data covering the last 20 years was used. Results We found that the regional differences in early retirement with psychiatric disorders were consistent over the studied years. In 1980 the proportion of early retirement with psychiatric disorders was 25% of all early retirements in the city of Göteborg to be compared with 17% in the county of Bohuslän and 15% in Sweden overall. This proportion changed over the years and was in 1998 37% in Göteborg, 25% in Bohuslän and 24% in Sweden. These data also show the large increase of early retirement with psychiatric disorders in relation to other diagnostic groups. Standard mortality ratio 1993 with Sweden as reference was 1.14 in Bohuslän and 2.55 in Göteborg. Corresponding figures for women were 1.30 and 2.29. Conclusion Regional differences remained after controlling for age and sex distribution of the population. From a preliminarily analysis it appears as the high rate in Göteborg cannot be explained as an effect of urbanity. More knowledge is needed to understand why regional differences exist.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Bäckström, Torbjörn, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
-
Pathogenesis in menstrual cycle-linked CNS disorders.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0077-8923 .- 1749-6632. ; 1007, s. 42-53
-
Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Grindebacke, Hanna, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Defective suppression of Th2 cytokines by CD4CD25 regulatory T cells in birch allergics during birch pollen season
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Clin Exp Allergy. ; 34:9, s. 1364-72
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: CD4(+)CD25+ regulatory T cells suppress proliferation and cytokine production by human T cells both to self-antigens and exogenous antigens. Absence of these cells in human newborns leads to multiple autoimmune and inflammatory disorders together with elevated IgE levels. However, their role in human allergic disease is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of CD4(+)CD25+ regulatory T cells to suppress proliferation and cytokine production outside and during birch-pollen season in birch-allergic patients relative to non-allergic controls. METHODS: CD4+ cells were obtained from blood of 13 birch-allergic patients and six non-allergic controls outside pollen season and from 10 birch-allergic patients and 10 non-allergic controls during birch-pollen season. CD25+ and CD25- fractions were purified with magnetic beads and cell fractions, alone or together in various ratios, were cultured with antigen-presenting cells and birch-pollen extract or anti-CD3 antibody. Proliferation and levels of IFN-gamma, IL-13, IL-5 and IL-10 were measured by thymidin incorporation and ELISA, respectively. Numbers of CD25+ cells were analysed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: CD4(+)CD25+ regulatory T cells from both allergics and non-allergics potently suppressed T cell proliferation to birch allergen both outside and during birch-pollen season. However, during season CD4(+)CD25+ regulatory T cells from allergic patients but not from non-allergic controls were defective in down-regulating birch pollen induced IL-13 and IL-5 production, while their capacity to suppress IFN-gamma production was retained. In contrast, outside pollen season the regulatory cells of both allergics and non-allergic controls were able to inhibit T-helper 2 cytokine production. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to show differential suppression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines, with CD4(+)CD25+ regulatory T cells from birch-pollen-allergic patients being unable to down-regulate Th2, but not Th1 responses during birch-pollen season.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
- Meissner, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
-
Bottenfauna i Jönköpings län 2003: en undersökning av bottenfaunan på 46 lokaler i rinnande vatten
- 2004
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På uppdrag av länsstyrelsen i Jönköpings län har Medins Sjö- och Åbiologi AB under hösten 2003 utfört bottenfaunaundersökningar i kalkade vattendrag. Undersökningen har utförts enligt en standardiserad metod så kallad sparkprovtagning (SS-EN 27 828). Den huvudsakliga målsättningen var att utifrån bottenfaunan bedöma graden av försurningspåverkan och därmed ge underlag för den framtida kalkningsverksamheten i länet. Dessutom har påverkansgraden av näringsämnen/organiskt material och eventuell annan påverkan samt bottenfaunans naturvärden bedömts vid de olika lokalerna. Sammanlagt har 46 lokaler undersökts. Av dessa ingår 36 stycken i olika kalkningsprojekt medan de resterande tio är okalkade referenser. Av de kalkade lokalerna bedömdes 27 (75 %) som ej eller obetydligt påverkade av försurning. Nio av de kalkade lokalerna bedömdes som betydligt påverkade av försurning. Vad avser de okalkade referenslokalerna så bedömdes åtta som ej eller obetydligt påverkade, en lokal bedömdes som betydligt påverkad och en som starkt eller mycket starkt påverkad av försurning. Ingen av de undersökta lokalerna bedömdes vara påverkad av näringsämnen/organiskt material eller annan påverkan. Av de undersökta lokalerna bedömdes fyra ha mycket höga naturvärden och sju ha höga naturvärden med avseende på bottenfaunan. Fyra rödlistade arter noterades i undersökningen. Bottenfaunan har tidigare undersökts i 38 utav lokalerna. På sju av lokalerna har försurningssituationen förbättrats och endast en har försämrats, i övrigt är bedömningarna oförändrade. Samtliga okalkade lokaler har en oförändrad försurningsstatus.
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
