| 1. |
- Andersson, David A., et al.
(författare)
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TRPA1 mediates spinal antinociception induced by acetaminophen and the cannabinoid Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabiorcol
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- TRPA1 is a unique sensor of noxious stimuli and, hence, a potential drug target for analgesics. Here we show that the antinociceptive effects of spinal and systemic administration of acetaminophen (paracetamol) are lost in Trpa1(-/-) mice. The electrophilic metabolites N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine and p-benzoquinone, but not acetaminophen itself, activate mouse and human TRPA1. These metabolites also activate native TRPA1 and, as a consequence, reduce voltage-gated calcium and sodium currents in primary sensory neurons. The N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine metabolite l-cysteinyl-S-acetaminophen was detected in the mouse spinal cord after systemic acetaminophen administration. In the hot-plate test, intrathecal administration of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine, p-benzoquinone and the electrophilic TRPA1 activator cinnamaldehyde produced antinociception that was lost in Trpa1(-/-) mice. Intrathecal injection of a non-electrophilic cannabinoid, Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabiorcol, also produced TRPA1-dependent antinociception in this test. Our study provides a molecular mechanism for the antinociceptive effect of acetaminophen and discloses spinal TRPA1 activation as a potential pharmacological strategy to alleviate pain.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Mutations in DMRT3 affect locomotion in horses and spinal circuit function in mice
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 488:7413, s. 642-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Locomotion in mammals relies on a central pattern-generating circuitry of spinal interneurons established during development that coordinates limb movement(1). These networks produce left-right alternation of limbs as well as coordinated activation of flexor and extensor muscles(2). Here we show that a premature stop codon in the DMRT3 gene has a major effect on the pattern of locomotion in horses. The mutation is permissive for the ability to perform alternate gaits and has a favourable effect on harness racing performance. Examination of wild-type and Dmrt3-null mice demonstrates that Dmrt3 is expressed in the dI6 subdivision of spinal cord neurons, takes part in neuronal specification within this subdivision, and is critical for the normal development of a coordinated locomotor network controlling limb movements. Our discovery positions Dmrt3 in a pivotal role for configuring the spinal circuits controlling stride in vertebrates. The DMRT3 mutation has had a major effect on the diversification of the domestic horse, as the altered gait characteristics of a number of breeds apparently require this mutation.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Sara-Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles as Regulating Power Providers - Case Studies of Sweden and Germany
- 2010
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Ingår i: Energy Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4215. ; 38:6, s. 2751-2762
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) as providers of regulating power in the form of primary, secondary and tertiary frequency control. Previous studies have shown that PHEVs could generate substantial profits while providing ancillary services. This study investigates under what conditions PHEVs can generate revenues using actual market data, i.e. prices and activations of regulating power, from Sweden and Germany from four months in 2008. PHEV market participation is modelled for individual vehicles in a fleet subject to a simulated movement pattern. Costs for infrastructure and vehicle-to-grid equipment are not included in the analysis. The simulation results indicate that maximum average profits generated on the German markets are in the range 30–80 h per vehicle and month whereas the Swedish regulating power markets give no profit.In addition, an analysis is performed to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of PHEVs as regulating power providers. Based on the simulation results and the SWOT analysis, characteristics for an ideal regulating power market for PHEVs are presented.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Hedrick, P. W., et al.
(författare)
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Are dogs genetically special?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Heredity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0018-067X .- 1365-2540. ; 106:5, s. 712-713
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 14. |
- Jacobs, Kevin B, et al.
(författare)
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Detectable clonal mosaicism and its relationship to aging and cancer.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - New York : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 44:6, s. 651-658
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an analysis of 31,717 cancer cases and 26,136 cancer-free controls from 13 genome-wide association studies, we observed large chromosomal abnormalities in a subset of clones in DNA obtained from blood or buccal samples. We observed mosaic abnormalities, either aneuploidy or copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity, of >2 Mb in size in autosomes of 517 individuals (0.89%), with abnormal cell proportions of between 7% and 95%. In cancer-free individuals, frequency increased with age, from 0.23% under 50 years to 1.91% between 75 and 79 years (P = 4.8 × 10(-8)). Mosaic abnormalities were more frequent in individuals with solid tumors (0.97% versus 0.74% in cancer-free individuals; odds ratio (OR) = 1.25; P = 0.016), with stronger association with cases who had DNA collected before diagnosis or treatment (OR = 1.45; P = 0.0005). Detectable mosaicism was also more common in individuals for whom DNA was collected at least 1 year before diagnosis with leukemia compared to cancer-free individuals (OR = 35.4; P = 3.8 × 10(-11)). These findings underscore the time-dependent nature of somatic events in the etiology of cancer and potentially other late-onset diseases.
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| 15. |
- Jäderkvist Fegraeus, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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The DMRT3 'Gait keeper' mutation affects performance of Nordic and Standardbred trotters
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0021-8812 .- 1525-3163. ; 92:10, s. 4279-4286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a previous study it was shown that a nonsense mutation in the DMRT3 gene alters the pattern of locomotion in horses and that this mutation has a strong positive impact on trotting performance of Standardbreds. One aim of this study was to test if racing performance and trotting technique in the Nordic (Coldblood) trotters are also influenced by the DMRT3 genotype. Another aim was to further investigate the effect of the mutation on performance in Standardbreds, by using a within-family analysis and genotype-phenotype correlations in a larger horse material than in the previous study. We genotyped 427 Nordic trotters and 621 Standardbreds for the DMRT3 nonsense mutation and a SNP in strong linkage disequilibrium with it. In Nordic trotters, we show that horses homozygous for the DMRT3 mutation (A) had significantly higher EBV for trotting performance traits than heterozygous (CA) or homozygous wild-type (CC) horses (P = 0.001). Furthermore, AA homozygotes had a higher proportion of victories and top 3 placings than horses heterozygous or homozygous wild-type, when analyzing performance data for the period 3 to 6 yr of age (P = 0.06 and P = 0.05, respectively). Another finding in the Nordic trotters was that the DMRT3 mutation influenced trotting technique (P = 2.1 x 10(-8)). Standardbred horses homozygous AA had significantly higher EBV for all traits than horses with at least 1 wild-type allele (CA and CC; P = 1.6 x 10(-16)). In a within-family analysis of Standardbreds, we found significant differences in several traits (e. g., earnings, P = 0.002; number of entered races, P = 0.004; and fraction of offspring that entered races, P = 0.002) among paternal half-sibs with genotype AA or CA sired by a CA stallion. For most traits, we found significant differences at young ages. For Nordic trotters, most of the results were significant at 3 yr of age but not for the older ages, and for the Standardbreds most of the results for the ages 3 to 5 were significant. For Nordic trotters, the proportion of victories and placings were the only traits that were significant for other ages than 3 yr.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Lindgren, Gabriella, et al.
(författare)
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Travtalang ligger i hästens gener
- 2013
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Ingår i: Travtränaren. ; , s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- I denna artikel, som är nummer ett i en serie om två, fokuserar vi på resultaten från varm- och kallblodstravare. Vi resonerar kring när och för vem ett DNA-test är till mest nytta samt beskriver hur man praktiskt går tillväga. I artikel nummer två kommer vi berätta om hur forskningen gick till, vad genen gör i hästens kropp och resultatet från andra raser. Vi kommer även gå djupare in på vad DNA är och vad vi troligen kan förvänta oss av DNA-teknik i framtiden.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Promerová, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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Worldwide frequency distribution of the 'Gait keeper' mutation in the DMRT3 gene
- 2014
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Ingår i: Animal Genetics. - : Wiley. - 0268-9146 .- 1365-2052. ; 45:2, s. 274-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For centuries, domestic horses have represented an important means of transport and served as working and companion animals. Although their role in transportation is less important today, many horse breeds are still subject to intense selection based on their pattern of locomotion. A striking example of such a selected trait is the ability of a horse to perform additional gaits other than the common walk, trot and gallop. Those could be four-beat ambling gaits, which are particularly smooth and comfortable for the rider, or pace, used mainly in racing. Gaited horse breeds occur around the globe, suggesting that gaitedness is an old trait, selected for in many breeds. A recent study discovered that a nonsense mutation in DMRT3 has a major impact on gaitedness in horses and is present at a high frequency in gaited breeds and in horses bred for harness racing. Here, we report a study of the worldwide distribution of this mutation. We genotyped 4396 horses representing 141 horse breeds for the DMRT3 stop mutation. More than half (2749) of these horses also were genotyped for a SNP situated 32kb upstream of the DMRT3 nonsense mutation because these two SNPs are in very strong linkage disequilibrium. We show that the DMRT3 mutation is present in 68 of the 141 genotyped horse breeds at a frequency ranging from 1% to 100%. We also show that the mutation is not limited to a geographical area, but is found worldwide. The breeds with a high frequency of the stop mutation (>50%) are either classified as gaited or bred for harness racing.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Wang, Zhaoming, et al.
(författare)
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Imputation and subset-based association analysis across different cancer types identifies multiple independent risk loci in the TERT-CLPTM1L region on chromosome 5p15.33
- 2014
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 23:24, s. 6616-6633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have mapped risk alleles for at least 10 distinct cancers to a small region of 63 000 bp on chromosome 5p15.33. This region harbors the TERT and CLPTM1L genes; the former encodes the catalytic subunit of telomerase reverse transcriptase and the latter may play a role in apoptosis. To investigate further the genetic architecture of common susceptibility alleles in this region, we conducted an agnostic subset-based meta-analysis (association analysis based on subsets) across six distinct cancers in 34 248 cases and 45 036 controls. Based on sequential conditional analysis, we identified as many as six independent risk loci marked by common single-nucleotide polymorphisms: five in the TERT gene (Region 1: rs7726159, P = 2.10 × 10(-39); Region 3: rs2853677, P = 3.30 × 10(-36) and PConditional = 2.36 × 10(-8); Region 4: rs2736098, P = 3.87 × 10(-12) and PConditional = 5.19 × 10(-6), Region 5: rs13172201, P = 0.041 and PConditional = 2.04 × 10(-6); and Region 6: rs10069690, P = 7.49 × 10(-15) and PConditional = 5.35 × 10(-7)) and one in the neighboring CLPTM1L gene (Region 2: rs451360; P = 1.90 × 10(-18) and PConditional = 7.06 × 10(-16)). Between three and five cancers mapped to each independent locus with both risk-enhancing and protective effects. Allele-specific effects on DNA methylation were seen for a subset of risk loci, indicating that methylation and subsequent effects on gene expression may contribute to the biology of risk variants on 5p15.33. Our results provide strong support for extensive pleiotropy across this region of 5p15.33, to an extent not previously observed in other cancer susceptibility loci.
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| 24. |
- Wilbe, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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DLA Class II Alleles Are Associated with Risk for Canine Symmetrical Lupoid Onychodystropy (SLO)
- 2010
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 5:8, s. e12332-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy (SLO) is an immune-mediated disease in dogs affecting the claws with a suggested autoimmune aethiology. Sequence-based genotyping of the polymorphic exon 2 from DLA-DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 class II loci were performed in a total of 98 SLO Gordon setter cases and 98 healthy controls. A risk haplotype (DRB1*01801/DQA1*00101/DQB1*00802) was present in 53% of cases and 34% of controls and conferred an elevated risk of developing SLO with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.1. When dogs homozygous for the risk haplotype were compared to all dogs not carrying the haplotype the OR was 5.4. However, a stronger protective haplotype (DRB1*02001/DQA1*00401/DQB1*01303, OR = 0.03, 1/OR = 33) was present in 16.8% of controls, but only in a single case (0.5%). The effect of the protective haplotype was clearly stronger than the risk haplotype, since 11.2% of the controls were heterozygous for the risk and protective haplotypes, whereas this combination was absent from cases. When the dogs with the protective haplotype were excluded, an OR of 2.5 was obtained when dogs homozygous for the risk haplotype were compared to those heterozygous for the risk haplotype, suggesting a co-dominant effect of the risk haplotype. In smaller sample sizes of the bearded collie and giant schnauzer breeds we found the same or similar haplotypes, sharing the same DQA1 allele, over-represented among the cases suggesting that the risk is associated primarily with DLA-DQ. We obtained conclusive results that DLA class II is significantly associated with risk of developing SLO in Gordon setters, thus supporting that SLO is an immune-mediated disease. Further studies of SLO in dogs may provide important insight into immune privilege of the nail apparatus and also knowledge about a number of inflammatory disorders of the nail apparatus like lichen planus, psoriasis, alopecia areata and onycholysis.
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| 25. |
- Abrahamsson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Project: Cracks in the workers’ collective – windows for change towards gender equal mining workplaces
- 2014
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Forskningsprojektet ”Cracks in the workers’ collective – windows for change towards gender equal mining workplaces” handlar om könskonstruktioner i arbetarkollektivets förändringar inom gruvindustrin (mansdominerade arbetsplatser). Projektet pågår 2015-2017 med finansiering från FORTE (2.700.000 kr). I projektet medverkar Lena Abrahamsson, Ylva Fältholm (proj.ledare), Eira Andersson och doktorand Lisa Andersson.
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| 26. |
- Abrahamsson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Project: Nordic Mining and the search for Women. Designing new gender equality inter-ventions
- 2014
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Detta projekt handlar om gruvföretags jämställdhetsåtgärder. Projektet leds av Eira Andersson. I projektet medverkar även doktorand Lisa Andersson. Projektet inleddes 2014 som en förstudie ”Jakten på malmen och kvinnorna: en studie om jämställd kompetensförsörjning i gruvnäringen” med finansiering från Bolidens stiftelse (150.000 kr) och LKABs stiftelse (150.000 kr) och fortsatte i forskningsprojektet ”SEARCH, Nordic Mining and the search for Women. Designing new gender equality interventions” 2014-2016 med finansiering från NordMin (2.200.000 kr). I projektet medverkar förutom LKAB och Boliden även Nordland Research Institut och Mineralklynge Nord (Norge) och University of Oulu (Finland).
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Ahlström, Christoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Optimus Pråm - Semi-submersible wind farm installation vessel for Blekinge Offshore
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden the government is investing lots of resources in order to meet the energy need with clean and renewable alternatives. Since wind is an unlimited source of energy the exploitations of wind farms is of great interest. This report describes a conceptual design of an innovative offshore wind turbine installation vessel for inland sea conditions, with highest possible energy efficiency and environmental friendly performance in every detail. The customer, Blekinge Offshore, main requirement is to receive a concept with an as low installation cost as possible.The final concept Optimus Pråm includes one installation vessel, which is a semi-submersible barge, and one support vessel that supply the installation vessel with power and propulsion. The power is distributed from the support vessel to the installation vessel through a power cable. The installation vessel will be self-propelled during the installation phase using electrical motors and thrusters.The installation vessel shall be able to handle gravity foundations and fully assembled wind turbines, transported vertically to the installation site. Foundations and windmills will be fully assembled in Karlshamn port before transit to site. During transit the installation and support vessel are connected to each other in all motions except pitch. This almost total fixed connection makes the two vessels acts like one, which gives the joint vessel excellent manoeuvrability. When installing foundations, the installation vessel and the support vessel disconnect. The installation vessel places the foundation at the planned location by ballasting until the foundation has reached the seabed. After de-ballasting the installation vessel and support vessel connects again and transit back to the harbour. When installing wind turbines the two vessels are kept connected and makes highly accurate positioning for the installation possible
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| 29. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Positional Concerns among the Poor: Does Reference Group Matter? Evidence from Survey Experiments
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of African Economies. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0963-8024 .- 1464-3723. ; 23:5, s. 673-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research studies suggest a lower degree of positional concerns among people from poor countries. Yet the evidence is limited and most often builds on the assumption that people's reference groups are the same across all individuals. We conduct a survey experiment in urban Ethiopia that is modified to include multiplicity of reference groups. We estimate positional concerns considering various reference groups to test whether the low positional concerns found in the literature are due to misspecification of the reference groups. The results show a low degree of positional concern, which is highly stable across different reference groups.
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| 30. |
- Alenmyr, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Mucosal TRPV1 Inhibition in Allergic Rhinitis.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology. - : Wiley. - 1742-7843 .- 1742-7835. ; 110, s. 264-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) has been implicated as a mediator of itch in allergic rhinitis. To address this possibility, we synthesized a TRPV1 blocker (SB-705498) for nasal administration in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. The pharmacological activity of SB-705498 was confirmed on human TRPV1-expressing HEK293 cells, using fluorometric calcium imaging, and in patients with allergic rhinitis subjected to nasal capsaicin challenges. The effect of SB-705498 was studied in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis subjected to daily allergen challenges for seven days, using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized and cross-over design. SB-705498 was delivered by nasal lavage 10 min. before each allergen challenge. Primary end-point was total nasal symptom score on days 5 to 7. Nasal peak inspiratory flow and eosinophil cationic protein content in nasal lavages were also monitored. Daily topical applications of SB-705498 at a concentration that inhibited capsaicin-induced nasal symptoms had no effect on total symptom score, nasal peak inspiratory flow and eosinophil cationic protein levels in allergen-challenged patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. The individual symptom nasal itch or sneezes was also not affected. These findings may indicate that TRPV1 is not a key mediator of the symptoms in allergic rhinitis. However, additional studies, using drug formulations with a prolonged duration of action, should be conducted before TRPV1 is ruled out as a drug target in allergic rhinitis.
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| 31. |
- Andersson, Annika, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of age of acquisition (AoA) and proficiency on processing of syntax in 6- to 8-year old monolingual and bilingual children : an ERP study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Society for the Neurobiology of Language. - Amsterdam : Society for the Neurobiology of Language. ; , s. 216-216, s. 84-84
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Even though language proficiency in children is strongly related to success in almost all domains, neurocognitive studies of L2 processing are typically limited to adults with several years of exposure, who may use general cognitive mechanisms to compensate for any difficulties in L2 processing. For example, whereas previous studies of adult bilinguals have reported differences in the anterior negativity elicited by syntactic violations with delays in exposure to English of less than 3 years (Weber-Fox & Neville, 1996) a precursor to the anterior negativity has been reported in monolingual children as young as 2.5 years of age (Oberecker, et al., 2005). In the current ERP study, processing of English phrase structure was explored in 6- to 8-year old monolingual and bilingual children who acquired English as a second language around 4 years of age. Monolingual children of higher proficiency displayed relatively mature processing of phrase structure violations as indicated by a left anterior negativity over lateral sites and a posterior positivity. High-proficiency bilingual children tended to display a medial anterior negativity and a posterior positivity. The difference in distribution of the anterior effect across groups could only be explained by AoA. However, lower proficiency affected the posterior ERP effect and amplitude of the anterior effects in response to syntactic violations. These results suggest that the more automatic syntactic processing in children is affected by AoA while more controlled, metalinguistic processing may be related to language proficiency.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Andersson, Annica, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring Immesurable Values
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 37th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. - : International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (PME). ; , s. 17-24
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper critically explores research on values in mathematics education from a methodological perspective. In the contexts of conducting large-scale international collaborations and comparisons we problematize the interpretation of learning activities as indicators of a certain value. Interviews with students supported our work, and we argue that a learning activity can be interpreted out of different categories of values, depending on the context.
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| 34. |
- Andersson, Annika, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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The role of age of acquisition and proficiency on nonword rhyming in 6- to 8-year-old bilingual children
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cognitive Neuroscience Society : 20th Annual Meeting, April 13-16, 2013, Hyatt Regency Hotel, San Francisco, California. - Davis, CA : Cognitive Neuroscience Society. ; , s. 75-75
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Speech signals change rapidly and timing differences as small as 50 ms can be critical for distinguishing between minimal pairs (e.g., bat-pat). Thus, fast phonological processing is important for understanding speech. Strong and positive relationships between phonological awareness (PA, e.g., the ability to recognize rhymes) and vocabulary size have been widely reported in both monolingual and bilingual children. Though PA has been explored with behavioral studies in bilingual children, online processing of phonology has not. ERPs were measured in 6- to 8-year-old native Spanish speaking children with English as their second language listening to rhyming and nonrhyming pairs of nonsense words with English phonology. Nonwords were used to help children focus on phonological rather than semantic processing. Though bilingual 6- to 8-year olds were expected to recognize rhymes, neurocognitive measures of rhyme processing failed to establish the anterior effect (an increased negativity for rhyming targets) previously reported in monolingual children. Further, the posterior rhyming effect (a decreased negativity for rhyming targets) was evident only in the group with higher English proficiency, within the normal range for monolingual children. In this group the posterior rhyming effect had a longer latency than what was observed in younger monolingual children. The results suggest that even though bilingual children do well on behavioral tests of PA, processing of sub-syllabic phonology is slowed and more variable in their second language. Proficiency and age of acquisition are more important for mature phonological processing than previous behavioral studies have suggested.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Andersson, Elin, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Recension av In medias res
- 2014
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Ingår i: Classica. Meddelanden från Svenska klassikerförbundet. - 1652-2192. ; :1, s. 6-9
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Recension (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 37. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-based psychodynamic versus cognitive behavioral guided self-help for generalized anxiety disorder : A randomized controlled trial
- 2012
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Ingår i: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. - Basel, Switzerland : Karger. - 0033-3190 .- 1423-0348. ; 81:6, s. 344-355
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Guided Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) has been tested in many trials and found to be effective in the treatment of anxiety and mood disorders. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has also been treated with ICBT, but there are no controlled trials on guided Internet-based psychodynamic treatment (IPDT). Since there is preliminary support for psychodynamic treatment for GAD, we decided to test if a psychodynamically informed self-help treatment could be delivered via the Internet. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of IPDT for GAD and to compare against ICBT and a waiting list control group.Method: A randomized controlled superiority trial with individuals diagnosed with GAD comparing guided ICBT (n = 27) and IPDT (n = 27) against a no treatment waiting list control group (n = 27). The primary outcome measure was the Penn State Worry Questionnaire.Results: While there were no significant between-group differences immediately after treatment on the main outcome measure, both IPDT and ICBT resulted in improvements with moderate to large within-group effect sizes at 3 and 18 months follow-up on the primary measure in the completer analyses. The differences against the control group, although smaller, were still significant for both PDT and CBT when conforming to the criteria of clinically significant improvement. The active treatments did not differ significantly. There was a significant group by time interaction regarding GAD symptoms, but not immediately after treatment.Conclusions: IPDT and ICBT both led to modest symptom reduction in GAD, and more research is needed.Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel
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| 38. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(författare)
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Therapeutic alliance in guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioural treatment of depression, generalized anxiety disorder and social anxiety disorder
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Behaviour Research and Therapy. - : Elsevier. - 0005-7967 .- 1873-622X. ; 50:9, s. 544-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Guided internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) has been found to be effective in several controlled trials, but the mechanisms of change are largely unknown. Therapeutic alliance is a factor that has been studied in many psychotherapy trials, but the role of therapeutic alliance in ICBT is less well known. The present study investigated early alliance ratings in three separate samples. Participants from one sample of depressed individuals (N = 49), one sample of individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (N = 35), and one sample with social anxiety disorder (N = 90) completed the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) modified for ICBT early in the treatment (weeks 3-4) when they took part in guided ICBT for their conditions. Results showed that alliance ratings were high in all three samples and that the WAI including the subscales of Task, Goal and Bond had high internal consistencies. Overall, correlations between the WAI and residualized change scores on the primary outcome measures were small and not statistically significant. We conclude that even if alliance ratings are in line with face-to-face studies, therapeutic alliance as measured by the WAI is probably less important in ICBT than in regular face-to-face psychotherapy.
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| 39. |
- Andersson Granberg, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Tåla : Trygghetsskapande åtgärder för landsbygden
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I april 2010 gav regeringen i uppdrag till Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap (MSB) att i ett projekt öka säkerheten på landsbygden genom nya former för räddning och respons. Inom ramen för ovanstående uppdrag, vilket benämns ”Samhällsviktig samverkan i landsbygd” har CARER – Centrum för respons- och räddningssystem – vid Linköpings universitet fått i uppdrag av MSB att inventera vilka behov och resurser för säkerhet och trygghet som existerar på lands- och glesbygd, samt undersöka vilka andra projekt och initiativ som föregått detta, nationellt och internationellt. CARERs projekt, som görs inom ramen för regeringsuppdraget, benämns Trygghetshöjande åtgärder för landsbygden (TÅLA).TÅLA har genomförts som fyra sammanhängande delstudier där de två första delstudierna använder kvalitativ metodik, främst intervjuer, och syftar till att skapa en förståelse för den upplevda tryggheten på lands- och glesbygden, samt utröna vad den består i och hur den kan stärkas. Delstudie 3 syftar till att kvantitativt uttrycka behov och resurser för säkerhet och trygghet på landsoch glesbygd genom ett urval av indikatorer. Delstudie 4 syftar till att ge en överblick över tidigare forskning och utveckling på området.Några generella slutsatser som kan dras från TÅLA-projektets olika delstudier är att det finns en god medvetenhet hos boende i land- och glesbygd för att det kan ta tid innan hjälp kan fås ifrån de traditionella räddningssystemen (som till exempel polis eller räddningstjänst), ett faktum som också kan bekräftas numerärt. Vissa indikatorer tyder dessutom på att boende på lands- och glesbygden är mer drabbade av olyckor än boende i tätort, vilket ger ett ökat behov av de aktuella resurserna. Detta har lett till att nya typer av lösningar har utvecklats, oftast av de boende, för att bistå vid olyckor, många baserade på självhjälp och frivillighet.Tydligt är också att trygghet omfattar mer än bara blåljusverksamheter och stöd från det allmänna. Här inkluderas också behov som el, vatten och möjligheten att handla mat. En stor del av den upplevda tryggheten hos befolkningen kommer från det sociala nätverk som finns i respektive by. Möjligheter till kommunikation är centralt och det är när individen är ensam utan möjlighet till kontakt med omvärlden som den största otryggheten infinner sig.Det framkom under projektet flera exempel på samverkan och de som medverkar framhåller vikten av att känna varandra innan insatsen, för att bästa möjliga resultat ska uppnås. Såväl de båda kvalitativa studierna som kunskapsöversikten pekar på att en trolig väg till framgång för en ökad säkerhet och trygghet på landsbygden bygger på att de lokala resurserna och strukturerna nyttjas i samverkan med de traditionella räddningsresurserna. Detta innebär att det bör vara möjligt att stärka dels de boendes möjligheter att hjälpa sig själva och att hjälpa varandra, men också att nyttja organisationer som idag inte tillhör blåljusmyndigheterna för att i samverkan med räddningstjänsten, sjukvården och polisen kunna bistå vid olyckor, akuta sjukdomsförlopp och andra relevanta händelser. Viktigt att beakta i detta sammanhang är då att använda de befintliga strukturer som existerar bland såväl boende som olika organisationer, för att på bästa sätt kunna dra nytta av den lokala kunskap, de resurser och det engagemang som existerar.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Andersson, Jonas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Analysing work in complex industrial systems - A practical cognitive systems engineering approach
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings at the NES (Nordic Ergonomic Society) Conference, Stockholm, Aug 20-23, 2011..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores how operator work can be categorized by using a model based on cognitive systems engineering. Operator tasks and needs during work in complex and highly automated systems were mapped using a workshop technique with 12 experts from different industrial domains. The results from mapping the tasks and needs onto the model showed that it could account for most of the items produced during the workshops. The practical use of the model as a catalyst for design teams in engineering of human-automation interaction is discussed.
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| 42. |
- Andersson, Jonas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Automation strategies in five domains - A comparison of levels of automation, function allocation and visualisation of automatic functions
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study was conducted as a field study were control room operatorsand engineers from the refinery, heat & power, aviation, shipping andnuclear domain were interviewed regarding use of automation and thevisualisation of automatic functions. The purpose of the study was tocollect experiences and best practices from the five studied domains onlevels of automation, function allocation and visualisation of automaticfunctions. In total, nine different control room settings were visited. Thestudied settings were compared using a systemic approach based on ahuman-machine systems model.The results show that the “left over principle” is still the most commonapplied approach for function allocation but in high risk settings thedecision whether to automate or not is more carefully considered.Regarding the visualisation of automatic functions, it was found that aslong as each display type (process based, functional oriented, situationoriented and task based) are applied so that they correspond to the samelevel of abstraction as the technical system the operator’s mental modelwill be supported. No single display type can however readily match alllevels of abstraction at the same time – all display types are still neededand serve different purposes.
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| 43. |
- Andersson, Jonas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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To Develop Viable Human Factors Engineering Methods for Improved Industrial Use
- 2011
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. ; 6769 LNCS:PART 1, s. 355-362
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human factors engineering methodology is important for design ofcomplex systems, such as control rooms and distributed control systems.Available methodologies are however seldom adapted to industrial needs,which limits the use of the existing human factors engineering research base. Inthis paper we argue that human factors engineering methods have to bedeveloped and adapted to the engineer working under industrial projectconstraints. Otherwise human factors engineering is unlikely to achieve a broadindustrial impact. The paper suggests how the industrial viability of methodscan be improved by applying a use centered approach to method development.
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| 44. |
- Andersson, Jonas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Visualisation of automatic sequences - integration with process mimic display
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on Control Room Design. - 9780955422553 ; , s. 290-297
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents a generic conceptual interface to visualise automatic sequences in process industry applications exemplified by a feed water sub-system. The design is based on operators’ information need during use of automatic sequences. The information need was elicited using interviews with nuclear power, thermal power and pulp and paper plant operators. By integrating process mimics, time line and logical conditions, the observability of automatic sequences was improved. The interface has the potential to enhance operators’ ability to observe automatic system activity, avoid black box automation and thus reduce the possibility of out-of-the-loop effects.
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| 45. |
- Andersson, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Augendefekte bei windfarbenen Pferden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Eiðfaxi, Islandpferdemagazin. - 1023-3350. ; , s. 70-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 46. |
- Andersson, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Augngallar í vindóttum hrossum
- 2012
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Ingår i: Eiðfaxi, Icelandic horse Magazine. - 1023-3342. ; , s. 42-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 47. |
- Andersson, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Discrimination in the Norwegian Housing Market : Class, Sex and Ethnicity
- 2012
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Ingår i: Land Economics. - Madison : University of Wisconsin Press. - 0023-7639 .- 1543-8325. ; 88:2, s. 233-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We test for gender, class, and ethnic discrimination in the Norwegian rental housing market by using fake application letters. Females, individuals with high job status, and ethnic Norwegians are more likely to receive positive responses. For example, being an Arabic man and working in a warehouse is associated with a 25 percentage point lower probability of receiving a positive response when showing interest in an apartment, as compared to an ethnically Norwegian female economist. We conclude that gender, class, and ethnic discrimination do exist in the Norwegian housing market, and ethnic discrimination seems to be the most prevalent form of discrimination.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Andersson, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Equine multiple congenital ocular anomalies and silver coat colour result from the pleiotropic effects of mutant PMEL
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Equine Multiple Congenital Ocular Anomalies (MCOA) syndrome is a heritable eye disorder mainly affecting silver colored horses. Clinically, the disease manifests in two distinct classes depending on the horse genotype. Horses homozygous for the mutant allele present with a wide range of ocular defects, such as iris stromal hypoplasia, abnormal pectinate ligaments, megaloglobus, iridociliary cysts and cataracts. The phenotype of heterozygous horses is less severe and predominantly includes iridociliary cysts, which occasionally extend into the temporal retina. In order to determine the genetic cause of MCOA syndrome we sequenced the entire previously characterized 208 kilobase region on chromosome 6 in ten individuals; five MCOA affected horses from three different breeds, one horse with the intermediate Cyst phenotype and four unaffected controls from two different breeds. This was performed using Illumina TruSeq technology with paired-end reads. Through the systematic exclusion of all polymorphisms barring two SNPs in PMEL, a missense mutation previously reported to be associated with the silver coat colour and a non-conserved intronic SNP, we establish that this gene is responsible for MCOA syndrome. Our finding, together with recent advances that show aberrant protein function due to the coding mutation, suggests that the missense mutation is causative and has pleiotrophic effect, causing both the horse silver coat color and MCOA syndrome.
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| 50. |
- Andersson, Lisa
(författare)
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Equine trait mapping : from disease loci to the discovery of a major gene controlling vertebrate locomotion
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Assigning function to genes is essential for a better understanding of biological systems. To date, approximately half of the genes in the vertebrate genome have known function. Domestic animals are a rich source for trait mapping and in this thesis we have mapped three distinct equine phenotypes. The result provides increased knowledge regarding gene function and importantly, practical implications for horse welfare. In paper I and IV, we confirm that Equine Multiple Congenital Ocular Anomalies (MCOA) syndrome is inherited as an incompletely dominant trait (p= 2.2x10-16). By first identifying a 208 kb identity-by decent (IBD) region and subsequently excluding polymorphic sites identified through Illumina sequencing, we conclude that the gene PMEL causes these defects in horse. Our findings, together with functional analyses recently published, support that the cause of MCOA syndrome is a missense mutation (Arg625Cys) near the transmembrane region of PMEL that results in altered biochemical properties. In paper II we show that variants in the MHC-II region influence the susceptibility to equine Insect Bite Hypersensitivity with the same marker risk allele identified in two distinct populations, OR 4.19 (p= 2.3x10-5) and 1.48 (p= 0.04) for Icelandic horses and Exmoor ponies respectively. In addition, homozygosity across the MHC-II region confers a higher risk of developing disease, OR= 2.67 (p= 1.3x10-3). Finally, in paper III we utilize the EquineSNP50 BeadChip to identify the first Gait locus in horse. A highly significant SNP (EMP2= 2.0x10-4) was identified to be consistent with a recessive mode of inheritance for the lateral gait pace in Icelandic horses, and confirmed in an independent sample set (p= 2.4x10-14). Illumina sequencing of an established IBD region identified a nonsense mutation in the gene DMRT3. A clearly dichotomous distribution in a panel of gaited and non-gaited breeds revealed that the DMRT3 mutation is permissive for a variety of alternate gaits. The mutation also has a favorable effect in harness racing horses. Functional characterization of the truncated protein demonstrated correct localization and an intact DNA binding profile. mRNA expression in a small population of commissural neurons from the spinal cord was confirmed in mutant and wild type horses. Further, a DMRT3 null mouse displayed a change in spinal cord circuit signaling and locomotion. These findings reveal a new molecule involved in the regulation of limb movement.
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