| 1. |
- Marsell, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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GSK-3 inhibition by an orally active small molecule increases bone mass in rats
- 2012
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Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier BV. - 8756-3282 .- 1873-2763. ; 50:3, s. 619-627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) actions are central in the canonical Wnt pathway, important in many biological processes and a potential drug target for treating several diseases. It is appreciated that a balanced Wnt canonical signaling is crucial for the maintenance of normal bone mass. In this study we investigated the effects of a potent orally active GSK-3 inhibitor, AZD2858, on bone mass in rats. Treatment (1μM) of human osteoblast cells with AZD2858 in vitro increased β-catenin levels after a short period of time. In rats, oral AZD2858 treatment caused a dose-dependent increase in trabecular bone mass compared to control after a two-week treatment with a maximum effect at a dose of 20mg/kg once daily (total BMC: 172% of control; p<0.001). A small but significant effect was also seen at cortical sites (total BMC: 111% of control; p<0.001). Biomechanical testing demonstrated an increase in both vertebral compression strength at a dose of 20mg/kg once daily (Load at failure: 370% of control, p<0.001) and diaphyseal strength of femora subjected to a three point bending test (Load at failure: 115% of control; p<0.01). Furthermore, histomorphometry showed a dramatic increase in bone formation indices, and serum markers of both bone formation (Osteocalcin, 146% of control; p<0.001) and resorption (CTX, 189% of control; p<0.001) were elevated. Our conclusion is that a GSK-3 inhibitor drug may prove effective as an anabolic strategy in the treatment of diseases characterized by low bone mass, since AZD2858 has extensive bone building effects at predominantly trabecular sites.
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| 2. |
- Thorsson, Sofia, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Adapting cities to climate induced risks - a coordinated approach
- 2011
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Ingår i: Climate and Construction. ; , s. 173-180
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an era of changing climate there is a growing interest to create resilient cities, which can absorb and manage climate induce risks, such as heat waves and natural hazards (flooding, landslides etc). The increased frequencies and magnitudes of these climate hazards are expected to have a major impact on society. In order to maintain risks to society at acceptable levels, measures to reduce the vulnerability need to be taken. Such measures may, however, have significant non-expected and non-wanted impacts elsewhere on society. The need of holistic planning strategies becomes apparent. The overall aim of this new transdisciplinary research project is to develop knowledge and methods that enable an integrated assessment of the impact of climate induced risks on society. The free-port area in Gothenburg, Sweden, will has been selected for a case study that will sharpen both the individual scientific methods and the interdisciplinary and intersectoral cooperation and integration. The project brings together experts in urban climate, atmospheric science, natural risk assessment, stratified vulnerability and multi-criteria analyses with local city planners in an integrated research effort. Strategic plans for climate adaptation will be developed and proposed. The stakeholder involvement will promote transfer of knowledge and applicability of results.
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| 3. |
- Adesam, Yvonne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Computer-aided Morphology Expansion for Old Swedish
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'14) May 26-31, 2014 Reykjavik, Iceland. - 9782951740884 ; , s. 1102-1105
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we describe and evaluate a tool for paradigm induction and lexicon extraction that has been applied to Old Swedish. The tool is semi-supervised and uses a small seed lexicon and unannotated corpora to derive full inflection tables for input lemmata. In the work presented here, the tool has been modified to deal with the rich spelling variation found in Old Swedish texts. We also present some initial experiments, which are the first steps towards creating a large-scale morphology for Old Swedish.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Design fixations among information design students : What has been seen cannot be unseen
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education: Design Education for Future Wellbeing, EPDE 2012. - 9781904670360 ; , s. 159-166
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research explores the phenomenon of design fixation by studying undergraduate design students undertaking an information product design problem. The research is based on a case study, with 64 students. The students were given a design problem, and their design processes were documented in a weblog, which was analyzed jointly with handouts and slide presentations. The research suggests that the formulation of ideas in and recording of an early group brainstorming sessions may contribute to fixation of the finale design solution.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Carina, 1970-
(författare)
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Informationsdesign i tillståndsövervakning : En studie av ett bildskärmsbaserat användargränssnitt för tillståndsövervakning och tillståndsbaserat underhåll
- 2010
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This research concerns the information design and visual design of graphical user interfaces (GUI) in the condition monitoring and condition-based maintenance (CBM) of production equipment. It also concerns various communicative aspects of a GUI, which is used to monitor the condition of assets. It applies to one Swedish vendor and its intentions to design information. In addition, it applies to the interaction between the GUI and its individual visual elements, as well as the communication between the GUI and the users (in four Swedish paper mills).The research is performed as a single case study. Interviews and observations have been the main methods for data collection. Empirical data is analyzed with methods inferred to semiotics, rhetoric and narratology. Theories in information science and regarding remediation are used to interpret the user interface design.The key conclusion is that there are no less than five different forms of information, all important when determining the conditions of assets. These information forms include the words, images and shapes in the GUI, the machine components and peripherals equipment, the information that takes form when personnel communicate machine conditions, the personnel’s subjective associations, and the information forms that relate to the personnel's actions and interactions.Preventive technicians interpret the GUI-information individually and collectively in relation to these information forms, which influence their interpretation and understanding of the GUI information. Social media in the GUI makes it possible to represent essential information that takes form when employees communicate a machine’s condition. Photographs may represent information forms as a machine’s components, peripherals, and local environment change over time. Moreover, preventative technicians may use diagrams and photographs in the GUI to change attitudes among the personnel at the mills and convince them, for example, of a machine’s condition or the effectiveness of CBM as maintenance policy.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Gunvor, et al.
(författare)
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Om yngre barn i socialt arbete
- 2012
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Ingår i: När samhället träder in : barn, föräldrar och social barnavård. - 9789144067445 ; , s. 91-117
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Gunvor, et al.
(författare)
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Social barnavård och barns utsatthet
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: När samhället träder in. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144067445 ; , s. 13-28
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Marlene, et al.
(författare)
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Carbonic Anhydrase Generates CO2 and H+ That Drive Spider Silk Formation Via Opposite Effects on the Terminal Domains
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLoS biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1544-9173 .- 1545-7885. ; 12:8, s. e1001921-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spider silk fibers are produced from soluble proteins (spidroins) under ambient conditions in a complex but poorly understood process. Spidroins are highly repetitive in sequence but capped by nonrepetitive N- and C-terminal domains (NT and CT) that are suggested to regulate fiber conversion in similar manners. By using ion selective microelectrodes we found that the pH gradient in the silk gland is much broader than previously known. Surprisingly, the terminal domains respond in opposite ways when pH is decreased from 7 to 5: Urea denaturation and temperature stability assays show that NT dimers get significantly stabilized and then lock the spidroins into multimers, whereas CT on the other hand is destabilized and unfolds into ThT-positive beta-sheet amyloid fibrils, which can trigger fiber formation. There is a high carbon dioxide pressure (pCO(2)) in distal parts of the gland, and a CO2 analogue interacts with buried regions in CT as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Activity staining of histological sections and inhibition experiments reveal that the pH gradient is created by carbonic anhydrase. Carbonic anhydrase activity emerges in the same region of the gland as the opposite effects on NT and CT stability occur. These synchronous events suggest a novel CO2 and proton-dependent lock and trigger mechanism of spider silk formation.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Marlene, et al.
(författare)
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Morphology and Composition of the Spider Major Ampullate Gland and Dragline Silk
- 2013
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Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 14, s. 2945-2952
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spider silk is made of unique proteins-spidroins-secreted and stored as a protein solution (dope) in specialized glands. The major ampullate gland, source of the dragline silk, is composed of a tail, a sac and an elongated duct. For this gland, several different types of epithelial cells and granules have been described, but it is largely unknown how they correlate with spidroin production. It is also not settled what parts of the large spidroins end up in the final silk, and it has been suggested that the N-terminal domain (NT) is lacking. Here we show that NT is present in the dope and throughout drag,line silk fibers, including the skin layer, and that the major ampullate tail and sac consist of three different and sharply demarcated zones (A-C), each with a distinct epithelial cell type. Finally, we show that spidroins are produced in the A and B zone epithelia, while the C zone granules lack spidroins.
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| 11. |
- Andersson Schaeffer, Jennie, 1974-
(författare)
-
Communication space : Spatial design in manufacturing industry
- 2011
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main concern of this licentiate thesis is to discuss how built space is used for communication in the manufacturing industry, from a visual communication perspective. The thesis presents and develops the notion of 'communication space' and presents a model to describe the relation between different factors in the communication space. In a multiple case study, six different cases from the manufacturing industry are described and analyzed to highlight how built space is used for communication in a lean production context. Research results on how built spaces such as improvement places, meeting places and a development workshop affect improvement processes and communication are presented. What the studied improvement areas, meeting places and workshop can be said to communicate about the improvement processes is analyzed. The research results show that the built spaces in manufacturing industry are used for communication on two levels, both as places for interaction between employees and as a part of a communication process. The study also shows a relation between architecture from a specific time and the relation to the improvement work in the industrial context. How the results can be used to facilitate communication in the built spaces used for improvement processes in manufacturing industry is suggested in the thesis.
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| 12. |
- Andersson Schaeffer, Jennie, 1974-
(författare)
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Spaces for innovation
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Workspace design, as an enabling factor in innovation, is an emerging topic for innovation and design research. However, little research has been done on users’ experience on workspaces for innovation in a manufacturing industrial context. The aim of the dissertation is to develop knowledge and understanding of workspaces for innovation from a user perspective.The dissertation is based on studies done in four manufacturing industries and in one design and innovation consultancy, with a focus on the employees' experience of the physical space in relation to innovation. The research method used was the photo elicitation interview. The 31 participants made photographs that served as a basis for verbal interviews to communicate the relationship they experienced between their workspace and innovation. The analysis and the interpretation of the material, supported by information, cultural and phenomenological theoretical perspectives, intend to contribute to the current scientific discourse in innovation and design.A pattern was found in the results. In the manufacturing industrial companies, the majority of workspaces that users described as supporting or hindering innovation were motifs showing aculture promoting innovation in small steps. Their examples were found to be in close similarity to what previous research describe as characteristics of exploitative innovation. In the design company, the most photographed motifs were workspaces and objects that supported different variations of what previousresearch defines as characteristics for a culture supporting radical, explorative innovation.The dissertation presents results contributing to the research on ambidexterity, with focus on a possible coexistence between different innovation cultures. The results indicate that spatial differentiation creates possibilities for coexistence between the two innovation cultures. Six spatial characteristics were found in the descriptions of the workspaces related to the marginalised explorative culture in the manufacturing companies.The dissertation discusses the possibilities of creating spaces for explorative innovation (SEIs) and space as a tool for innovation. An initial version of a support for design is presented.
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| 13. |
- Andersson Schaeffer, Jennie, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Spaces for Innovation : A Photo-elicitated Study in Three Companies from Manufacturing Industry and the Design Firm IDEO
- 2014
-
Ingår i: The International Journal of Design Education. - 2325-128X. ; 7:3, s. 49-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The possibility that physical space can support or disturb processes for innovation in production systems is overlooked in the manufacturing industry and in research. This article rests on three studies in manufacturing industries and one in a design firm, with a focus on the employees' subjective experience of the physical space in relation to innovation. The employees made photographs and used keywords (followed up with verbal interviews) to communicate the relationship they perceived between physical space and innovation. The study shows that there is a relationship between company culture and the individual’s choices of physical spaces understood to support or hinder innovation. From the results, it can be concluded, that manufacturing companies which were studied form cultures that produce few spaces that support divergent thinking, while such spaces are prioritized in the design firm. This article show clean and orderly spaces for innovation in the manufacturing industry; for the design company, informal, collaborative, and visually simulative environments.
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| 14. |
- Andersson Schaeffer, Jennie, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Tool complexes of innovation: : Spaces for explorative innovation in four manufacturing industrial companies
- 2014
-
Ingår i: DRS 2014, Design´s big debates. - Umeå. ; , s. 663-676
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Providing an environment in which both radical innovation and continuous improvement can exist, i.e. an ambidextrous environment, is one of the biggest challenges management faces. While having an ambidextrous organisation is of central importance to the competitive advantage of a firm, there is limited understanding of how to manage it.In this article, we are reporting on our research on the design of workspaces and the relations between design and ambidexterity in innovation. We studied the workspaces as artefacts in innovation cultures. We analysed relations between users and spaces that could enable an explorative innovation culture to emerge, and found spaces related to explorative innovation that coexisted with an exploitative innovation culture in production in the manufacturing industry.The results indicate that to develop ambidexterity on an individual level in a culture dominated by exploitative innovation, one strategy is spatial differentiation. The result shows that artefacts relating to a culture for explorative innovation in the studied manufacturing companies are artefacts in a marginalised culture. We present six spatial characteristics for artefacts in the marginalised culture: undercover spaces, grey zone spaces, satellite spaces, chameleon spaces, temporal spaces and accession spaces.
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| 15. |
- Andersson-Sköld, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Bioenergy grown on contaminated land - A sustainable bioenergy contributor?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biofuels. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1759-7269 .- 1759-7277. ; 5:5, s. 487-498
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A consequence of the rapidly increasing demand for bioenergy is an increasing demand for land for growing energy crops. Therefore, the utilization of arable land for this production is believed to increase. Meanwhile, larger areas of arable land are also needed to ensure the supply of food to the growing world population. Growing energy crops in areas that are not suitable for food production such as brownfields, this controversy can partly be solved and several other environmental benefits can be achieved at the same time. The total environmental impact of bioenergy cultivation on contaminated land depends on the full cultivation chain including the handling of bioenergy residues and the full chain is important in the risk- and environmental assessments. © 2015 Taylor & Francis.
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| 16. |
- Andersson-Sköld, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Developing and validating a practical decision support tool (DST) for biomass selection on marginal land
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4797. ; 145, s. 113-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Marginal, often contaminated, sites exist in large areas across the world as a result of historic activities such as industry, transportation and mineral extraction. Remediation, or other improvements, of these sites is typically only considered for sites with high exploitation pressure and those posing the highest risks to human health or the environment. At the same time there is increasing competition for land resources for different needs such as biofuel production. Potentially some of this land requirement could be met by production of biomass on brownfield or other marginal land, thereby improving the land while applying the crop cultivation as part of an integrated management strategy. The design and decision making for such a strategy will be site specific. A decision support framework, the Rejuvenate DST (decision support tool) has been developed with the aim of supporting such site specific decision making. This tool is presented here, and has been tested by applying it to a number of case study sites. The consequent SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunities and threats) analysis is discussed and evaluated. The DST was found to be systematic, transparent, and applicable for diverse sites in France, Romania and Sweden, in addition to the sites to which it was applied through its development. The DST is regarded as especially useful if applied as a checklist in an iterative way throughout the decision process, from identifying potential crops to identifying knowledge gaps, working/non-working management strategies and potential risks. The DST also provides a structure promoting effective stakeholder engagement. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 17. |
- Andersson-Sköld, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Development of methodology for quantitative landslide risk assessment—Example Göta river valley
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Natural Science. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2150-4091 .- 2150-4105. ; 6:3, s. 130-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effective landslide risk management requires knowledge of the landslide risks. This paper presents a risk assessment methodology for semiregional scale. The landslide probability is assessed taking into account expected climatechange in the case study area (the G?ta river valley). Climate change is expected to result in increased erosion and water fluctuations. There are large areas with marine clays, often quick clay, in the area and the landslide process can be rapid with extensive damages and casualties. The consequence methodology includes a wide range of consequences assessed by monetary valuation. The consequences and the landslide probability are combined as pairs of values in a risk matrix and the risk is also presented on a map. The map has been used as discussion and decision bases in the municipalities in the G?ta river valley, in the county administration and on governmental level to estimate the needs of risk mitigation and to make priorities.
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| 18. |
- Andersson-Sköld, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Effekter av samhällets säkerhetsåtgärder (ESS) : en kartering av arbetet idag med fokus på översvämningar, ras och skred
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna rapport redovisas det arbete som pågått inom ESS-programmets första fas inom temaområde naturolyckor. Detta temaområde innefattar skred, ras, erosion och översvämningar. Målet med det arbete som presenteras i denna rapport har varit att skapa en överblick över hurman idag arbetar med dessa frågor i Sverige med fokus på kommunal nivå. Arbetet utgörs aven sammanställning av tidigare studier, beskrivning av metoder samt intervjuer med svenska och norska kommuner och myndigheter. I de svenska kommunerna har politiker och tjänstemän intervjuats.Förebyggande åtgärder för att minska sannolikheten för, eller konsekvensen av, olyckor vidtas ofta. Åtgärderna är baserade på en analys eller akut reaktion på en specifik händelse. Vissa åtgärder är platsspecifika och kan vara både fysiska och icke fysiska. Andra åtgärder är mer generella såsom lagstiftning och utbildningsinsatser, regional, nationell och internationell policy, direktiv och ramverk.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Andersson-Sköld, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Landslide risk and climate change : economic assessment of consequenses in the Göta river valley
- 2011
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- According to climate change scenarios, Swedish summers will be drier, but in large parts of Sweden there will also be increased annual precipitation, more intensive precipitation and periods with increased water flows. In many areas the risk for landslides is expected to increase. In response to this the SGI, on commission of the Environmental ministry, has started a risk analysis for the Göta river valley. The results of the analysis will be used in the surveillance of the safety along the Göta river valley. The valley is one of the most frequent landslide valleys in Sweden.The area has a long history of anthropogenic activities such as settlements, shipping, industry, contaminated soil and infrastructure including large roads and railroads. A number of landslides occur every year. The landslide risk analysis of Göta river valley is performed by traditional technical risk analysis, i.e. a function of hazard probability and consequences of the hazard. Elements at risk in the valley include for example, human life, transport and other infrastructure, properties and industrial activities, contaminated land, agriculture and forestry, and intangibles such as biodiversity. Exposure, vulnerability and the monetary value related to the landslide are used to describe the consequence of the landslide.This paper shows the process and structure of this consequence analysis for natural hazards. The consequence analysis methodology can be applied generic both nationally and internationally and for several types of natural hazards such as landslides and flooding.
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| 21. |
- Andersson-Sköld, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Landslide risk management : A brief overview and example from Sweden of current situation and climate change
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. - : Elsevier. - 2212-4209. ; 3:March, s. 44-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Landslide risk is a function of the probability of the event and its consequences. Previous research has shown that preventive measures to reduce the risk are preferred over reactive measures but, especially in developing countries, rarely undertaken. A contributing factor is the lack of evidence that preventive measures pay. This study includes a brief overview of landslide risk management in general and an investigation of the present risk management situation in Sweden based on interviews in 11 municipalities complemented with interviews in Norway. The result shows that climate change has become part of the general awareness and started to be taken into account in the municipal spatial planning. Landslide susceptibility maps and databases are useful tools in the complex spatial planning. The results indicate that the application of landslide susceptibility and risk maps as previously applied for preventive measures and spatial planning in the landslide prone area Gota alv river valley have been cost effective. Improved documentation and more active communication among different stakeholders would, however, contribute to more effective landslide management.
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| 22. |
- Andersson, Yvonne, 1972-
(författare)
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Bloggarna och döden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Döden i medierna. - Stockholm : Carlsson Bokförlag. - 9789173314817 ; , s. 188-212
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under de senaste decennierna har det diskuterats huruvida döden blivit en allt mer offentlig angelägenhet eller om döden, tvärtom privatiserats i det västerländska samhället. Å ena sidan har de existentiella erfarenheterna, exempelvis av döendet, konfiskerats av samhälleliga institutioner, å andra sidan har dessa erfarenheter avkonfiskerats genom en ökad medialisering av dem. I såväl nyheter som fiktion möter vi döden i stora mått, gärna i dess mer dramatiska tappning. Under de senaste åren har dock det vanligare och vardagligare döendet börjat ta plats i det offentliga rum Internet utgör. Bland bloggar om mat, mode, skönhet och allt annat som hör till livets positivare sidor har erfarenheter av svåra sjukdomar och döendet tagit plats. I denna studie analyseras och diskuteras ett urval sådana bloggar, nämligen bloggar av cancerpatienter. I studien undersöks hur det vardagliga livet med en dödlig sjukdom – dödligheten när den inte är ond, bråd eller på annat sätt uppseendeväckande – beskrivs och kommuniceras. Hur förhåller man sig till den egna döden? Och vilken behållning av bloggandet ger patienterna och deras publiker uttryck för? Resultaten visar, bland annat, att bloggarna ger uttryck för en mycket stark livsvilja på så sätt att livet med cancer beskrivs som en kamp man inte får ge upp. Positivt tänkande tycks ha blivit norm, och en konvention, i denna typ av bloggar och i texten diskuteras huruvida trycket att visa upp en positiv attityd i den offentlighet bloggarna utgör ibland kan bli en ytterligare börda. Samtidigt ger bloggarna uttryck för minst fem goda skäl för att blogga i den situation personerna befinner sig i. Bland dessa behållningar finns bloggandets terapeutiska funktion samt gemenskapande funktion, då man menar att bloggandet kan lindra ensamhet och ge tröst. I skarp kontrast till mycket annat nätinnehåll idag fylls cancerbloggarna av medkänsla.
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| 23. |
- Andersson, Yvonne, 1972-
(författare)
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Med Hitler som slagträ : Hitler och nazismen i nutida dagspress
- 2012
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Ingår i: Hitler für alle. - Stockholm : Carlsson Bokförlag. - 9789173315302 ; , s. 29-49
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trots att Adolf Hitler varit död i ett drygt halvt sekel är det inte helt ovanligt att den svenska dagspressen än idag gör rubriker på hans namn. En sökning i mediearkiv visar att hans namn förekommer i pressen i betydligt högre grad än andra med honom samtida ledare, och faktiskt i högre grad än dagens tyska ledare Angela Merkel. De frågor som reser sig här, och som föreliggande artikel ämnar besvara, är när, var, hur och varför Hitler nämns. Syftet är att genom kvantitativ innehållsanalys beskriva och karaktärisera hur Hitler (och nazismen) förekommer i ett urval svenska dagstidningar år 2009 och början av år 2010. Fokus ligger på fem större dagstidningar: Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Aftonbladet, Expressen och Metro.Resultaten visar att Hitlers förekomst i nutida dagspress inte främst förklaras av ett stort historieintresse i dagspressen. Det är inte många tillbakablickande artiklar. Däremot förekommer allehanda kuriosaartiklar om Hitler, av närmast anekdotisk karaktär, samt recensioner av olika verk (fakta och fiktion i olika medier) där Hitler förekommer.Ytterligare en anledning till att Hitler (och nazismen) nämns i så stor utsträckning är att dessa har kommit att bli argument eller retoriska strategier i texter som handlar om helt andra saker än Hitler och nazism. Särskilt i opinionsbildande sammanhang riktas Hitler som argument mot främst enskilda politiker eller politiska partier i Sverige, eller i något annat land, och oftast på ett tämligen oprecist och osakligt sätt. Hitler är främst ett pathos-argument, avsett att väcka känslor, som blivit så töjbart att det används åt såväl höger som vänster på den politiska skalan och riktas mot politisk-religiösa grupperingars protektionister lika väl som mot dess antagonister.Att Hitler och nazismen är i högsta grad levande i dagspressen innebär således inte att kunskaperna och resonerandet kring dessa lever i samma utsträckning. Hitler (och nazismen) har snarare blivit ett underförstått ont vilket används som slagträ och mediestrategi: för att få uppmärksamhet och medialt genomslag.
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| 24. |
- Arnberg, Klara, 1979-
(författare)
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Motsättningarnas marknad : Den pornografiska pressens kommersiella genombrott och regleringen av pornografi i Sverige 1950-1980
- 2010
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis analyses the development towards a mass market pornographic press. Sweden (in addition to Denmark) is often described as a forerunner in this development when the so-called “porn wave” hit most of the Western world in the late 1960s. The “porn wave” was the starting point of the contemporary pornographic press, which put sexually explicit pictures on the international market. Denmark was the first country in the world to decriminalize pornographic pictures in 1969 and Sweden followed in 1971. While previous research in Sweden often blames decriminalisation for the growth of the pornographic market, this thesis shows that the “porn wave” preceded the alteration of the Freedom of the press act and thus calls for a more multifaceted analysis of the development. Very few studies have been made about the development from an underground exclusive market of explicit pornography to a legal mass market. This thesis, however, makes a survey of all the Swedish publishers of pornographic magazines, their length on the market, and the market conditions. By analysing the regulation of pornography prior to 1971 and the legal cases leading to prosecutions of the publishers, the strategies used to challenge the regulation are traced. Special attention is also paid to how the monopoly on distribution held by Pressbyrån, a company owned by the Swedish press, affected the pornographic press. By cooperating and starting their own distribution channels, the pornography publishers managed to challenge Pressbyrån’s regulations. Great emphasis is laid on the discursive construction of pornography in mass media and in the parliamentary debates. This thesis argues that the antagonisms between the pornographic press and its critics are central in understanding how pornography was perceived and that these debates have decisively impacted the market conditions. Sensation-seeking articles in the evening papers, and the politicians’ liberal attitudes towards the pornographic press, made the market seem more open and lucrative. The resistance towards the establishment of a mass market and explicit pornographic press was strong during the whole period – but these critics used quite varying arguments. By analysing these arguments, this thesis shows how the pornographic press touched on sensitive cultural norms regarding marriage, young people’s sexuality, homosexuality, gender and love. The second half of the 1960s was a turning point in the development of the pornographic press, the discursive construction of pornography and in the political strategies used to combat pornography. In just a few years, the pornographic press grew substantially and started to publish explicit pictures of intercourse. In that same period, the construction of pornography went from a conservatively Christian understanding to a sexually liberal – and later to a feminist understanding of its problems. The government introduced a “porn raid” against the magazines, prosecuted many of them, and then paradoxically decriminalized pornography in 1971. Theoretically, the conclusion is made that pornography has to be seen in its historical context and in relation to its special market conditions. Since pornography continually has been a contested commodity, its controversial status has resulted in special regulations, marketing difficulties and lack of income from advertisements.
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| 25. |
- Bergman, Ramona, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of Security actions
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 12, EGU2010-7880.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a project funded by the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, the effort and work to reduce different kinds of accidents are being evaluated. The project wants to illuminate the links between actions and outcome, so we can learn from today’s performance and in the future select more effective measures and overall deal with accidents more efficiently. The project ESS covers the field of frequent accidents such as sliding accidents at home, in house fires and less common accidents such as chemical and land fill accidents up to even more rare accidents such as natural accidents and hazards. In the ESS project SGI (Swedish geotechnical institute) will evaluate the work and effort concerning various natural hazards limited to landslides, erosion and flooding. The aim is to investigate how municipalities handle, especially prevention, of such natural disasters today.The project includes several aspects such as:which are the driving forces for risk analysis in a municipalitydo one use risk mapping (and what type) in municipal risk analysiswhich aspects are most important when selecting preventive measuresin which way do one learn from past accidentsand from previous accidents elsewhere, by for example use existing databasesetcThere are many aspects that play a role in a well-functioning safety promotion work. The overall goal is to examine present work and activities, highlight what is well functioning and identify weak points. The aim is to find out where more resources are needed and give suggestions for a more efficient security work. This includes identification of the most efficient “tools” in use or needed. Such tools can be education, directives, funding, more easily available maps and information regarding previous accidents and preventive measures etc. The project will result in recommendations for more effective ways to deal with landslides, erosion and flooding. Since different kinds of problems can occur depending on level of authority the investigation of the security work will be done with authorities on both regional and local scale. At the moment the investigation process are in progress and preliminary results will be presented.
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| 26. |
- Bergman, Ramona, et al.
(författare)
-
Efficiency of preventive actions for landslides and flooding : evaluation of Scandinavian practices
- 2011
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results presented here covers natural hazards with focus on land slides and flooding. The results are based on Swedish/Scandinavian contexts. Natural events such as erosion, flooding and land slides are common, but the number of accidents (events causing severe negative impact) is rare. Therefore, in such analysis there is limited data and other information available which can be used for example in statistical analysis of actions and their effects. Instead, the analysis must be based on other information. The analysis may have to include aspects that only can be assessed by scenario and "what-if" analyses.In this project the main method has been interviews with officials in Swedish municipalities and national agencies in Sweden and Norway. In all municipalities, one politician and officials working with planning and rescue service have been interviewed. The study covers hazard and risk mapping, follow up of such maps, physical planning and lessons learned from previous events and activities.The final outcome of the research will be a review of what is found to be well functioning, identification of weak points and recommendations for the management of landslides, erosion and flooding. The present results indicate that hazard/risk maps are of great importance, but the knowledge about the maps and how to use them varies depending on who you ask and between municipalities. Most officials in municipalities are aware of climate change (CC) but, due to high uncertainties and since climate induced events such as natural hazards are rare, the issues are often not prioritized. Further, the results indicate that the documentation, communication and the responsibilities among different units is not always clear, having impacts on for example the knowledge transfer to new personnel.
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| 27. |
- Bergman, Ramona, et al.
(författare)
-
Efficiency of preventive actions for landslides and flooding – evaluation of Scandinavian practices
- 2011
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preventive actions can be, and are frequently, taken to reduce accidents and their consequences in different ways. The MSB funded research programme "Effects of Society's Security actions" (ESS, 2009-2013) aims to study the relationship between such actions and their effects. The program is divided into three subgroups: Frequent accidents Natural hazards (such as flooding, erosion and landslide) Chemical and landfill accidents The results presented here covers natural hazards with focus on land slides and flooding. The results are based on Swedish/Scandinavian contexts. Natural events such as erosion,flooding and land slides are common, but the number of accidents (events causing severe negative impact) is rare. Therefore, in such analysis there is limited data and other information available which can be used for example in statistical analysis of actions and their effects. Instead, the analysis must be based on other information. Therefore, the analysis may have to include aspects that only can be assessed by scenario and "what-if" analyses. In this project the main method has been interviews with officials in Swedish municipalities and national agencies in Sweden and Norway. The two levels are chosen since policies are taken on national (or international) level, while the key actionsand actors are on the municipal level. The interviews cover experiences and potential scenarios. In all municipalities, one politician and officials working with planning and rescue service have been interviewed. The study covers hazard and risk mapping, follow up of such maps, physical planning and lessons learned from previous events and activities. The final outcome of the research will be a review of what is found to be well functioning, identification of weak points and recommendations for the management of landslides, erosion and flooding. The present results indicate that hazard/risk maps are of great importance, but the knowledge about the maps and how to use them varies depending on who you ask and between municipalities. Most officials in municipalities are aware of climate change (CC) but, due to high uncertainties and since climate induced events such as natural hazards are rare, the issues are often not prioritized. Further, the results indicate that the documentation, communication and the responsibilities among different units is not always clear, having impacts on for example the knowledge transfer to new personnel. Also databases can be useful tools. The project has found that the use of such tools varies between Norway and Sweden. The aim is to identify the reasons for such deviation. The mostly mentioned suggestions of improvement in the prevention process are increased knowledge, user friendly guidance, clear organisational structure and responsibilities and nationally provided ear marked funding for preventive measures.
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| 28. |
- Boman, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Corrosion of copper in water free from molecular oxygen
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology. - 1478-422X .- 1743-2782. ; 49:6, s. 431-434
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The possibility of copper reacting with O-2-free water has been investigated by analysis of primary corrosion products, as well as by monitoring gas pressure change by time, in long term experiments for up to 6 months in a glove box environment. We establish hydrogen production, but being of the same magnitude irrespective whether copper is present or not. Although low, the hydrogen production rate is considerably larger than what would directly correspond to the amount of analysed copper oxidation products. Our analyses encompass the changes to the surface cleaned copper (99.9999%), the water phase and the Duran glass in contact with the water (ppt quality). We have used very sensitive methods (XPS, AES, ICP-MS, XRF) while keeping contamination risks to a minimum. We conclude that the oxidation rate of copper is very low, yielding only parts of a monolayer of Cu2O after 6 months of exposure at 50 degrees C together with an accompanying very low concentration of copper species (4-5 mu g L-1) in the water phase.
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| 29. |
- Caron, L., et al.
(författare)
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Magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the magnetocaloric effect in Fe2P
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 88:9, s. 094440-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of high-purity, giant magnetocaloric polycrystalline and single-crystalline Fe2P are investigated. Fe2P displays a moderate magnetic entropy change, which spans over 70 K and the presence of strong magnetization anisotropy proves this system is not fully itinerant but displays a mix of itinerant and localized magnetism. The properties of pure Fe2P are compared to those of giant magnetocaloric (Fe,Mn)2(P,A) (where A = As, Ge, Si) compounds helping understand the exceptional characteristics shown by the latter, which are so promising for heat pump and energy conversion applications.
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| 30. |
- Cederfeldt, Marie, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Concurrent validity of the Executive Function Performance Test in people with mild stroke
- 2011
-
Ingår i: The British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 74:9, s. 443-449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Studies have shown that executive dysfunction is common in adults after stroke. Occupational therapists working in acute care assess the performance of activities of daily living; most instruments focus on personal care. However, the assessment of instrumental activities of daily living has been shown to discriminate executive dysfunction more effectively. An instrument for assessing executive dysfunction in more complex activities that is easy to handle in acute care is consequently required for clinical use. The Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT) was recently introduced into Sweden. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concurrent validity of the EFPT in acute care for patients with mild stroke. Method: Twenty-three patients from an acute stroke unit were assessed with both the EFPT and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Results: The correlation between the EFPT and the AMPS assessments was highly significant (p = 0.003) and the concurrent validity was rho = 0.61. Conclusion: Since there is a risk that adult patients with mild stroke are discharged without rehabilitation, and there is a lack of a relevant instrument for occupational therapists that discriminates executive dysfunction in acute stroke care, the EFPT may be a suitable instrument to use with these patients.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Felton, Adam, et al.
(författare)
-
Projecting impacts of anthropogenic climatic change on the bird communities of southern Swedish spruce monocultures : will the species poor get poorer?
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Ornis Fennica. - : University of Helsinki. - 0030-5685. ; 91:1, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential impact of climatic change on bird species' distributions in Europe was recently modeled for several scenarios of projected late 21st century climate. The results indicate mean range shifts of hundreds of kilometres north for many of European bird species. Here we consider the implications from such distributional shifts for the bird communities of Norway spruce (Picea abies) monocultures in southern Sweden, a forest type likely to remain prevalent due to forestry, despite climate change. Our assessment led us to three key findings. First, the monocultures offer suitable habitat to only two bird species projected to extend their breeding distribution northwards into southern Sweden this century. Second, species richness was projected to decline overall, which would accentuate the depauperate nature of these stands. Third, all conifer-associated arboreal granivores and three of four conifer-associated arboreal insectivores were projected not to occur, reducing both the functional richness and functional redundancy. We discuss caveats related to our approach, including the potential for bioclimatic projections - used in this study - to be hampered by the artificial retention of dominant vegetation. We also discuss the implications of our results for avian biodiversity in what is today the most prevalent forest type in southern Sweden and in many other regions of Europe.
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| 33. |
- Forsberg, Anton, et al.
(författare)
-
Low background and high contrast PET imaging of amyloid-β with [11C]AZD2995 and [11C]AZD2184 in Alzheimer's disease patients
- 2013
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1619-7070 .- 1619-7089. ; 40:4, s. 580-593
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate AZD2995 side by side with AZD2184 as novel PET radioligands for imaging of amyloid-β in Alzheimer's disease (AD).METHODS: In vitro binding of tritium-labelled AZD2995 and AZD2184 was studied and compared with that of the established amyloid-β PET radioligand PIB. Subsequently, a first-in-human in vivo PET study was performed using [(11)C]AZD2995 and [(11)C]AZD2184 in three healthy control subjects and seven AD patients.RESULTS: AZD2995, AZD2184 and PIB were found to share the same binding site to amyloid-β. [(3)H]AZD2995 had the highest signal-to-background ratio in brain tissue from patients with AD as well as in transgenic mice. However, [(11)C]AZD2184 had superior imaging properties in PET, as shown by larger effect sizes comparing binding potential values in cortical regions of AD patients and healthy controls. Nevertheless, probably due to a lower amount of nonspecific binding, the group separation of the distribution volume ratio values of [(11)C]AZD2995 was greater in areas with lower amyloid-β load, e.g. the hippocampus.CONCLUSION: Both AZD2995 and AZD2184 detect amyloid-β with high affinity and specificity and also display a lower degree of nonspecific binding than that reported for PIB. Overall [(11)C]AZD2184 seems to be an amyloid-β radioligand with higher uptake and better group separation when compared to [(11)C]AZD2995. However, the very low nonspecific binding of [(11)C]AZD2995 makes this radioligand potentially interesting as a tool to study minute levels of amyloid-β. This sensitivity may be important in investigating, for example, early prodromal stages of AD or in the longitudinal study of a disease modifying therapy.
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| 34. |
- Fransson, Susanne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
p37δ is a new isoform of PI3K p110δ that increases cell proliferation and is overexpressed in tumors
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 31:27, s. 3277-3286
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) regulate cell growth, proliferation and survival, and are frequently affected in human cancer. PI3K is composed of a catalytic subunit, p110, and a regulatory subunit, p85. The PI3K catalytic subunit p110δ is encoded by PIK3CD and contains p85- and RAS-binding domains, and a kinase domain. Here we present an alternatively spliced PIK3CD transcript encoding a previously unknown protein, p37δ, and demonstrate that this protein is expressed in human ovarian and colorectal tumors. p37δ retains the p85-binding domain and a fraction of the RAS-binding domain, lacks the catalytic domain, and has a unique carboxyl-terminal region. In contrast to p110δ, which stabilizes p85, p37δ promoted p85 sequestering. Despite the truncated RAS-binding domain, p37δ bound to RAS and we found a strong positive correlation between the protein levels of p37δ and RAS. Overexpressing p37δ, but not p110δ, increased the proliferation and invasive properties of HEK-293 cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cells overexpressing p37δ showed a quicker phosphorylation response of AKT and ERK1/2 following serum stimulation. Ubiquitous expression of human p37δ in the fruit fly increased body size, DNA content and phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels. Thus, p37δ appears to be a new tumor-specific isoform of p110δ with growth-promoting properties.
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| 35. |
- Glaas, Erik, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Managing climate change vulnerabilities: formal institutions and knowledge use as determinants of adaptive capacity at the local level in Sweden
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Local Environment. - London : Routledge. - 1354-9839 .- 1469-6711. ; 15:6, s. 525-539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Though managing vulnerabilities posed by climate change calls for effective strategies and measures, its challenges have hitherto not been fully understood. In Sweden, municipalities have recently started incorporating vulnerability management into their political and administrative agendas. This study discusses such experiences and explores how institutional determinants may influence adaptive capacity within a local case study area, to illustrate emerging challenges and opportunities for Swedish municipalities in managing climate vulnerabilities. Specifically, formal institutional structure and the use of knowledge are analysed, concluding that vulnerability management often is focused on technical and reactive fixes, due to limited cooperation between local sector organisations, lack of local co-ordination, and an absence of methods and traditions to build institutional knowledge. Even so, opportunities, such as a high capacity to examine risks to technical systems and important establishments which in turn facilitates protection of technical infrastructure exposed to climate variability and change, also exist.
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| 36. |
- Hed, Yvonne
(författare)
-
Multifunctional Dendritic Scaffolds: Synthesis, Characterization and Potential applications
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The development of materials for advanced applications requires innovative macromolecules with well-defined structures and the inherent ability to be tailored in a straightforward manner. Dendrimers, being a subgroup of the dendritic polymer family, possess properties which fulfill such demands. They have a highly branched architecture with a high number of functional groups and are one of the most well-defined types of macromolecules ever synthesized. However, despite their well-defined nature and high functional density, traditional dendrimers commonly lack diverse chemical functionalities. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the synthesis of more complex dendritic materials to extend their tailoring capacity by introduction of dualfunctionalities for multipurpose actions. It covers the synthesis of dualfunctional dendrimers, dendritic modification of linear poly(ethylene glycol) polymers and cellulose surfaces, and the synthesis of linear dendritic hybrids. The building blocks enabling this synthesis, AB2C monomers, were also developed during this work. The orthogonal nature between click groups (azide, alkyne and alkene) and hydroxyl groups have efficiently been utilized for postfunctionalization by robust click chemistry and traditional esterification reactions. Furthermore, linear dendritic hybrids were synthesized, merging the properties of linear and dendritic macromolecules. The dendritic frameworks were tailored towards the production of bone fracture adhesives, novel biofunctional dendritic hydrogels, biosensors and micellar drug delivery vehicles.
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| 37. |
- Heiwe, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
-
Evidence-based practice : attitudes, knowledge and behaviour among allied health care professionals
- 2011
-
Ingår i: International Journal for Quality in Health Care. - : Oxford University Press. - 1353-4505 .- 1464-3677. ; 23:2, s. 198-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To explore dieticians', occupational therapists' and physical therapists' attitudes, beliefs, knowledge and behaviour concerning evidence-based practice within a university hospital setting. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting. University hospital. Participants: All dieticians, occupational therapists and physical therapists employed at a Swedish university hospital (n = 306) of whom 227 (74%) responded. Main Outcome Measures: Attitudes towards, perceived benefits and limitations of evidence-based practice, use and understanding of clinical practice guidelines, availability of resources to access information and skills in using these resources. Results: Findings showed positive attitudes towards evidence-based practice and the use of evidence to support clinical decision-making. It was seen as necessary. Literature and research findings were perceived as useful in clinical practice. The majority indicated having the necessary skills to be able to interpret and understand the evidence, and that clinical practice guidelines were available and used. Evidence-based practice was not perceived as taking into account the patient preferences. Lack of time was perceived as the major barrier to evidence-based practice. Conclusions: The prerequisites for evidence-based practice were assessed as good, but ways to make evidence-based practice time efficient, easy to access and relevant to clinical practice need to be continuously supported at the management level, so that research evidence becomes linked to work-flow in a way that does not adversely affect productivity and the flow of patients. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press in association with the International Society for Quality in Health Care; all rights reserved.
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| 38. |
- Hudl, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
-
Order–disorder induced magnetic structures of FeMnP0.75Si0.25
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 83:13, s. 134420-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the synthesis and structural characterization of the magnetocaloric FeMnP0.75Si0.25 compound. Two types of samples (as quenched and annealed) were synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically. We have found that minute changes in the degree of crystallographic order causes a large change in the magnetic properties. The annealed sample, with higher degree of order is antiferromagnetic with a zero net moment. The as-quenched sample has a net moment of 1.26 μB /f.u. and ferrimagnetic-like behavior. Theoretical calculations give rather large values for the Fe and Mn magnetic moments, both when occupied on the tetrahedral and pyramidal lattice site. The largest being the Mn moment for the pyramidal site reaches values as high as 2.8 μB /atom.
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| 39. |
- Hudl, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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Strongly enhanced magnetic moments in ferromagnetic FeMnP0.5Si0.5
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 99:15, s. 152502-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The compound FeMnP(0.5)Si(0.5) has been studied by magnetic measurements, Mossbauer spectroscopy, and electronic structure and total energy calculations. An unexpectedly high magnetic hyperfine field for Fe atoms located at the tetrahedral Me(1) site in the Fe(2)P structure is found, The saturation moment derived from magnetic measurements corresponds to 4.4 mu(B)/f.u. at low temperatures, a value substantially higher than previously reported, but in accordance with the results from our electron structure calculations, This high saturation moment and the tunable first order ferromagnetic transition make the Fe(2-x)Mn(x)P(1-y)Si(y), system promising for magnetocaloric applications.
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| 40. |
- Höglin, Viktor
(författare)
-
Structure-Magnetic Relationships in the Fe-Mn-P-Si System for Energy Applications
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Demands for new, energy-efficient appliances have greatly increased in response to our growing need for a more environmentally friendly society. Magnetic refrigeration is a technique that utilizes the magnetocaloric effect, with possible energy savings of up to 30% compared to commercial gas compression refrigerators. A material appropriate for commercial magnetocaloric devices should be both cheap and non-toxic; it should also exhibit a first-order magnetic transitions close to room temperature. The magnetic properties of Fe2P-related materials can be relevant in this context, since their magnetic properties can be finely tuned through the substitution of Fe by Mn and P by Si, As, Ge or B to meet the general requirements for a magnetocaloric device.An in-depth study has therefore here been made of the structural and magnetic properties of the (Fe,Mn)2(P,Si)-system. The phase diagram of the FeMnP1-xSix-system has been carefully re-examined. It is found to contain two single-phase regions: an orthorhombic Co2P-type structure (x < 0.15) and a hexagonal Fe2P-type structure (0.24 ≤ x < 0.50). Selected compounds within the Fe2P-type region of the phase diagram have been shown to exhibit potential for use in magnetic refrigeration applications.Neutron powder diffraction has here been used to determine the magnetic structures of selected crystalline compositions within the FeMnP1-xSix-system to gain a better understanding of its magnetic properties. The Fe2P-type region is mainly ferromagnetic, but an incommensurate antiferromagnetic structure has also been identified close to the Co2P/Fe2P-type phase border for x ≈ 0.25.The so-called ''virgin effect'' in the Fe2P-type region of the FeMn(P,Si) phase diagram is found to be accompanied by an irreversible structural phase transition induced by magnetostriction. This new phase is found to be preserved during successive cooling-heating cycles. Furthermore, the magnetic properties of the substituted Fe2P-type structure changes significantly for metal:non-metal ratios away from 2:1. Such deviations could well explain the apparently conflicting structure-property relationships described in earlier literature for the FeMnP1-xSix-system.
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| 41. |
- Höglin, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
-
The crystal and magnetic structure of the magnetocaloric compound FeMnP0.5Si0.5
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Solid State Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-4596 .- 1095-726X. ; 184:9, s. 2434-2438
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The crystal and magnetic structure of the magnetocaloric compound FeMnP0.5Si0.5 has been studied by means of neutron and X-ray powder diffraction. Single phase samples of nominal composition FeMnP0.5Si0.5 have been prepared by the drop synthesis method. The compound crystallizes in the Fe2P-type structure (P-62m) with the magnetic moments aligned along the a-axis. It is found that the Fe atoms are mainly situated in the tetrahedral 3g site while the Mn atoms prefer the pyramidal 3f position. The material is ferromagnetic (TC=382 K) and at 296 K the total magnetic moment is 4.4 µB/f.u. It is shown that the magnetic moment in the 3f site is larger (2.5 µB) than in the 3g site (1.9 µB).
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| 42. |
- Johansson, Magnus, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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How to measure efficiency in risk prevention?
- 2012
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Risk assessment methods form corner stones in the striving to reduce risks and threats to human life and society. Proposed actions can be physical or non-physical and adopted or declined after political evaluation, with consideration taken to available resources and estimated effect on risk. To optimize and avoid regrettable actions, decision-makers are in need of well-founded analyses of how efficient different options might be. Analytically, there are several possible steps that can contribute.Firstly, the correlation between a measure and its effect should be based on causality, which often is difficult to establish quantitatively. High frequent accidents (e.g. traffic) can normally be treated statistically , while low frequent accidents with severe consequences (e.g. natural hazards) are more restricted to qualitative descriptions of correlation. Systematic monitoring of injury and damage data and gathering into databases, are a crucial activity for causality valuation. Secondly, economic valuation of effect is an important contribution in a cost-benefit perspective. Thirdly, a measure often brings several different effects and some may fall outside the actual purpose. An additional problem is how to handle effects that exert varied influence on different stakeholders or social groups in society. Fourthly, certain criteria are required for final prioritization. For instance, in analysis of goal fulfillment, effects are compared with politically decided quantified goals.In cases where basic data from steps 1-3 are incomplete, alternative criteria like “acceptable risk” might be necessary to agree about politically. To use similar approaches on how to describe and quantify effect correlations, promote gathered efforts at local level where risk reducing measures are decided upon by different actors and with regard to diverse local conditions. Tests of suitable methods and approaches to measure efficiency of planned or accomplished actions in gain for risk prevention, are described and discussed.
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| 43. |
- Jonsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Cities’ capacity to manage climate vulnerability : experiences from participatory vulnerability assessments in the lower Göta Älv Catchment, Sweden
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Local Environment. - : Routledge. - 1354-9839 .- 1469-6711. ; 17:6-7, s. 735-750
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the scope of this project, tools for conducting systematic and integrated climate vulnerability and sustainability assessments have been developed. Two municipalities in the lower Göta Älv catchment were selected as study cases. Together with representatives from key municipal departments and national government agencies, the interdisciplinary research team designed and conducted a co-production process. Results obtained using the developed tools demonstrate that conducting such a systematic assessment of the current situation and potential impacts of climate change adaptation measures would contribute to synergies between adaptation strategies and other policy arenas. Our recommendation for enhancing the capacity of local vulnerability management in Sweden is to shift foci in four fields: from static analysis of climate vulnerability to a dynamic approach to social vulnerability, from a sectorwise fragmented approach to integrated management, from a focus on technical fixes and physical measures to institutional adaptation measures, and, finally, from sustainability-blind adaptation investments to long-term sustainable climate adaptation measures. The processes and mechanisms for succeeding in this requires that knowledge be produced, shared, and managed in partly new ways, allowing stakeholders both inside and outside local government administration to voice and synergise their concerns and solutions.
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| 44. |
- Kadas, Krisztina, et al.
(författare)
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On the icosahedral metal-phosphorus coordination in melliniite : a gift from the sky for materials chemistry
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0959-9428 .- 1364-5501. ; 22:29, s. 14741-14745
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently a new mineral, melliniite, was reported from a meteorite sample. This mineral has an ideal chemical composition of (Ni,Fe)(4)P and a crystal structure where the phosphorus atoms are coordinated by twelve nearest neighboring metal atoms. No other phosphide has been reported to have such high metal coordination. Therefore melliniite provides new and important information about the chemical interaction in transition metal chalcogenides and possibly pnictides. We demonstrate here, using first principles theory, that the stability and icosahedral metal-phosphorous coordination of melliniite are due to a balance between covalent Fe-P binding, configurational entropy and a weaker nickel-phosphorus binding, that has only a weak directional dependence.
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| 45. |
- Lindberg, Erika, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired activation of IFN-gamma+CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cellular Immunology. - San Diego, USA : Elsevier. - 0008-8749 .- 1090-2163. ; 263:2, s. 224-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Viral persistence and autoantibodies are pathogenic components in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The aim was to evaluate T-cell function in DCM using different flow cytometry based detection techniques. Following stimulation, the frequency of IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ T cells was significantly lower in patients compared with controls. In contrast, the frequency of IL-4 producing CD4+ T cells was no different. In supernatants of cultured PBMC, IFN-gamma and IL-10 were significantly lower in patients. In addition, lymphocyte proliferation was significantly lower in patients compared with controls, whereas major lymphocyte subsets were not different. IFN-gamma and IL-10 are key cytokines in the ability to mount protective immune responses and to maintain self-tolerance. A reduced activation of T-helper 1 (IFN-gamma producing) cells and a decreased capacity to produce IL-10, found in the present study, could explain parts of the autoimmune features seen in patients with DCM.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Nyberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainability Aspects of Flood Risk Management : Interrelations and Challenges
- 2010
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Ingår i: SELECTED PAPERS FROM IDRC ON RISK REDUCTION AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT. - : HARBIN INST TECHNOLOGY, P R CHINA. ; , s. 101-107
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aspects of sustainable development are crucial for Flood Risk Management (FRM). These aspects are relevant for the flood risk analysis, risk evaluation and risk-reduction. Two case studies are used to identify potential conflicts between different values: Lake Vanern and Gota alv River in Sweden and Elbe River in Germany. In both cases there are diverging interests of how to manage the systems, e.g. how to regulate water levels and use floodplains. The conclusion is that the relevant sustainability aspects must be identified, addressed and valued in the risk management process, especially for different risk-reducing measure options.
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| 48. |
- Peters, Bjorn, et al.
(författare)
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A study of clinical complications and risk factors in 1001 native and transplant kidney biopsies in Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 55:7, s. 890-896
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In Sweden, native and transplant kidney biopsies are usually performed in major renal medical centers. Purpose: To clarify risk factors in native and transplant kidney biopsies to improve patient safety. Material and Methods: A total of 1001 biopsies (in 352 women and 565 men) were included. The median age was 54 years (range, 16-90 years). Data were derived from 826 native kidney biopsies (640 prospective and 186 retrospective) and 175 transplant kidney biopsies (170 prospective and 5 retrospective). Various factors and complications were registered while performing native and transplant kidney biopsies, focusing on major (e. g. blood transfusions, invasive procedures) and minor complications. The prospective protocol was used at six centers and at one center data were obtained retrospectively. Results: Women were at greater risk of overall complications than men (12.2% vs. 6.5%; P = 0.003; odds ratio [OR], 2.0; confidence interval [CI], 1.3-3.1) as well as of major complications (9.6% vs. 4.5%; P = 0.002; OR, 2.2, CI 1.3-3.7). Major complications occurred more commonly after biopsies from the right kidney, in women than in men (10.8% vs. 3.1%; P = 0.005; OR, 3.7; CI, 1.5-9.5), and in patients with lower BMI (25.5 vs. 27.3, P = 0.016) and of younger age (45 years vs. 52.5 years; P = 0.001). Lower mean arterial pressure in transplant kidney biopsies indicated a risk of major complications (90 mmHg vs. 98 mmHg; P = 0.039). Factors such as needle size, number of passes, serum creatinine, and eGFR did not influence complication rates. Conclusion: The present findings motivate greater attention being paid to the risk of major side-effects after right-side biopsies from women's kidneys, as well as after biopsies from younger patients and patients with lower BMI.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Sahlberg, Martin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Fully reversible hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions with Sc(Al1-xMgx), x=0.0, 0.15, 0.20
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Solid State Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-4596 .- 1095-726X. ; 184:1, s. 104-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hydrogen storage properties of Sc(Al1−xMgx), x=0.0, 0.15, 0.20, have been studied by X-ray powder diffraction, thermal desorption spectroscopy, pressure-composition-isotherms and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Hydrogen is absorbed from the gas phase at 70 kPa and 400 °C under the formation of ScH2 and aluminium with magnesium in solid solution. The reaction is fully reversible in vacuum at 500 °C and shows the hydrogenation–disproportionation–desorption-recombination (HDDR) behaviour. The activation energy of desorption was determined by the Kissinger method to 185 kJ/mol. The material is stable up to at least six absorption–desorption cycles and there is no change in particle size during cycling.
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