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| 2. |
- Berglund, Sigrid, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogen production by a fully de novo enzyme
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Molecular catalysts based on abundant elements that function in neutral water represent an essential component of sustainable hydrogen production. Artificial hydrogenases based on protein-inorganic hybrids have emerged as an intriguing class of catalysts for this purpose. We have prepared a novel artificial hydrogenase based on cobaloxime bound to a de novo three alpha-helical protein, α3C, via a pyridyl-based unnatural amino acid. The functionalized de novo protein was characterised by UV-visible, CD, and EPR spectroscopy, as well as MALDI spectrometry, which confirmed the presence and ligation of cobaloxime to the protein. The new de novo protein produced hydrogen under electrochemical, photochemical and reductive chemical conditions in neutral water solution. A change in hydrogen evolution capability of the de novo enzyme compared with native cobaloxime was observed, with turnover numbers around 80% of that of cobaloxime, and hydrogen evolution rates of 40% of that of cobaloxime. We discuss these findings in the context of existing literature, how our study contributes important information about the functionality of cobaloxime as hydrogen evolving catalysts in protein environments, and the feasibility of using de novo proteins for developent into artificial metalloenzymes. Small de novo proteins as enzyme scaffolds have the potential to function as upscalable bioinspired catalysts thanks to their efficient atom economy, and the findings presented here show that these types of novel enzymes are a possible product.
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| 3. |
- Eklund, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Believed effect - A prerequisite but not a guarantee for acceptance of carnivore management interventions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biological Conservation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3207 .- 1873-2917. ; 241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conflicts over wildlife and their potential impacts on human practices and livelihoods are widespread. Large carnivore predation on livestock often becomes a contested topic which has led to global declines in carnivore numbers over centuries. To minimise impacts of carnivores on human livelihoods and allow conservation, various interventions are used to prevent attacks. However, these interventions can only be effective if they are used and implemented. According to the Technology Acceptance Model, end user acceptance depends on perceived usefulness and ease of use. This study investigates the former as believed effect through a modified version of the Potential for Conflict Index. Using a web-based questionnaire we assess acceptance levels and believed effect of interventions intended to prevent carnivore predation on livestock, dogs, and reindeer among animal owners/keepers and members of the public in Sweden. The analysis shows that believed effect is a prerequisite for acceptance of an intervention, but not a guarantee. Interventions promoted by authorities are in some cases highly acceptable to users and the public, but in other cases believed contra-productive and are opposed by the end users. Active promotion of the latter may undermine mitigation efforts. Carnivore removal is generally more acceptable to animal owners than to members of the public. The results are useful to minimise conflicts within carnivore management and increase transparency and success of conservation. The results are discussed in relation to how similar questions may be approached in other systems using combined measures of believed effect, accept-intention, and the Potential for Conflict Index.
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| 4. |
- Eklund, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Drivers of intervention use to protect domestic animals from large carnivore attacks
- 2020
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Ingår i: Human Dimensions of Wildlife. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1087-1209 .- 1533-158X. ; 25:4, s. 339-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large carnivores are prioritized in conservation, but their co-occurrence with humans and domestic animals can generate conflict. Interventions preventing carnivore attacks are central to carnivore conservation, but are only effective if implemented. This study investigates drivers of the intention to use interventions among animal owners in Sweden based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, extended with the emotion construct Worry. Additionally, the study includes an explorative analysis investigating the processes behind this worry based on the Appraisal Theory of Emotion. In a survey comprising 1,163 animal owners, the subjective norm is identified as an important driver in the regression model of intended intervention use. Adding Worry to the model increased the amount of explained variance. Worry, in turn was mainly explained by experienced vulnerability among animal owners. This study illustrates how emotion theory can extend TPB to enhance understanding of human behavior, important for future coexistence between humans and wildlife.
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| 5. |
- Erlandsson, Ann, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Infiltrating immune cells in prostate cancer tissue after androgen deprivation and radiotherapy
- 2023
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Ingår i: International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology. - : Sage Publications. - 0394-6320 .- 2058-7384. ; 37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has long been a cornerstone in treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa), and is known to improve the results of radiotherapy (RT) for high-risk disease. The purpose of our study was to use a multiplexed immunohistochemical (mIHC) approach to investigate the infiltration of immune cells in PCa tissue after eight weeks of ADT and/or RT with 10 Gy.Methods: From a cohort of 48 patients divided into two treatment arms, we obtained biopsies before and after treatment and used a mIHC method with multispectral imaging to analyze the infiltration of immune cells in tumor stroma and tumor epithelium, focusing on areas with high infiltration.Results: Tumor stroma showed a significantly higher infiltration of immune cells compared to tumor epithelium. The most prominent immune cells were CD20(+) B-lymphocytes, followed by CD68(+) macrophages, CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cells, FOXP3(+) regulatory T-cells (Tregs), and T-bet(+) Th1-cells. Neoadjuvant ADT followed by RT significantly increased the infiltration of all five immune cells. Numbers of Th1-cells and Tregs significantly increased after single treatment with ADT or RT. In addition, ADT alone increased the number of cytotoxic T-cells and RT increased the number of B-cells.Conclusions: Neoadjuvant ADT in combination with RT results in a higher inflammatory response compared to RT or ADT alone. The mIHC method may be a useful tool for investigating infiltrating immune cells in PCa biopsies to understand how immunotherapeutic approaches can be combined with current PCa therapies.
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