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- Handlin, Linda, et al.
(author)
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Effects of Sucking and Skin-to-Skin Contact on Maternal ACTH and Cortisol Levels During the Second Day Postpartum - Influence of Epidural Analgesia and Oxytocin in the Perinatal Period
- 2009
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In: Breastfeeding Medicine. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 1556-8253 .- 1556-8342. ; 4:4, s. 207-220
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and Aims: In this study we made a detailed analysis of the mothers' release pattern of adreno-corticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol during a breastfeeding session during the second day postpartum and related these patterns to maternal oxytocin levels as well to the duration of sucking and the duration of skin-to-skin contact before sucking the breast. Furthermore, we investigated if epidural analgesia and oxytocin administration during and after labor influenced the release pattern of ACTH and cortisol.Methods: Sixty-three primiparae were included in the study. Fourteen received oxytocin intramuscularly postpartum, nine received oxytocin infusion, 14 received epidural analgesia combined with oxytocin infusion, and six received epidural analgesia alone. Twenty mothers did not receive any of these medical interventions. Blood samples were analyzed for ACTH and cortisol by enzyme-linked immunoassay.Results: Both ACTH and cortisol levels fell significantly during the breastfeeding session. A significant negative relationship was found between oxytocin and ACTH levels, but not between oxytocin and cortisol levels. A contact before onset of sucking was significantly and negatively associated with lower cortisol levels, but not with ACTH levels. Cortisol levels differed significantly between mothers having received epidural analgesia with and without oxytocin.Conclusions: Breastfeeding is associated with a decrease of ACTH and cortisol levels. Skin-to-skin contact contributes to this effect. ACTH correlated negatively with the duration of sucking and median oxytocin levels, whereas cortisol levels correlated inversely with the duration of skin-to-skin contact preceding sucking, suggesting a partial dissociation between the mechanisms regulating ACTH and cortisol release. In addition, medical interventions in connection with birth influence the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis 2 days after birth.
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| 2. |
- Hellsten, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Electroconvulsive seizures induce angiogenesis in adult rat hippocampus
- 2005
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In: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3223. ; 58:11, s. 871-878
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Electroconvulsive seizure (ECS)-treatment, a model for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been shown to induce proliferation of endothelial cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) of adult rats. Here we quantified the net angiogenic response after hypoxia a known inducer of aniogenesis. Therefore we also examined the effect of oxygenation on ECS-induced proliferation of endothelial cells. Methods: Total endothelial cell numbers and vessel length were estimated utilizing design based stereological analysis methods. Endothelial cell proliferation in the DG after ECS with or withouy oxygenation was assessed using bromodeoxyuridine. Results: The total number of endothelial cell numbers and vessels lenght was increased. Oxygenation did not abolish the ECS-induced proliferation of endothelial cells in the DG. Conclusions: ECS-treatment induces a dramatic increase in endothelial cell proliferation leading to a 30% increase in the total numberof endothelial cells. The increase in cell number resulted i na 16% increase in vessel length. These findings raise the possibility that similar vascular growth is induced by clinically administered ECT.
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| 4. |
- Mårtensson, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Erfarenhet, kunskap och inställning till prioriteringar : En intervjustudie med personal i primärvården
- 2006
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Den svenska primärvården med vårdcentraler har utvecklats under en 40-årsperiod. Utvecklingen har delvis varit en anpassning till den alltjämt dominerande specialistvården med anknytning till sjukhusen. I takt med den medicinteknologiska utvecklingen har det också skett en överföring av flera patientgrupper i öppna vårdformer och många av de stora folksjukdomarna utreds och behandlas numera i primärvården. Resurstillskottet till svensk primärvård har i relativa tal varit mindre än det till sjukhusvård under den 40-åriga perioden och det har skapat prioriteringsproblem.Frågor om hur prioriteringar går till och bör gå till blir alltmer aktuella i primärvården i takt med att man upplever att resurserna inte räcker till. Studier och diskussioner om prioriteringar saknas till stor del och det har inte funnits någon vana att hantera prioriteringssituationer inom primärvården. Inte heller har det funnits stöd eller verktyg för att underlätta prioriteringsarbetet för de som arbetar i primärvården.Detta projekt om prioriteringar i primärvård vill belysa hur primärvårdspersonal tänker och agerar i prioriteringsfrågor och hur prioriteringsarbetet sker i praktiken vid ett slumpmässigt urval av landets vårdcentraler. Vi anser därför att resultaten är representativa för svensk primärvård.Projektet utgår från Institutionen för hälsa och samhälle vid Linköpings universitet (Per Carlsson, Eva Arvidsson och Lars Borgquist) i samarbete med Primärvårdens FoU-enhet i Jönköpings läns landsting (Kjell Lindström, Jan Mårtensson och Linda Frank). Arbetet har genomförts med ekonomiskt stöd från forskningsprogrammet Sjukvårdens förändringar, ett samarbete mellan Region Skåne, Västra Götalands Regionen, Landstinget Västmanland, Landstinget i Östergötland, Stockholms läns landsting, Socialstyrelsen och Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting.Tack till alla de personer som medverkat vid intervjuerna, övriga personer i projektet samt anslagsgivaren.
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