| 1. |
- Alsanius, Beatrix, et al.
(författare)
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Förundersökning rörande minskat näringsläckage från odlingar med frilandsgrönsaker i Skåne
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kväve (N) och fosfor (P) är två väsentliga faktorer bakom övergödningsproblematiken. Merparten av de svenska områdena med högt utsläpp av dessa ämnen ligger i södra Östersjön. Områdena kring den skånska kusten har klassats som särskilt känsliga områden. Samtidigt finns det mycket goda förutsättningar i Skåne för odling av kulturer med intensiva produktionsinsatser såsom frilandsgrönsaker. Odling av dessa kulturer förutsätter god tillgänglighet av näringsämnen, särskilt N, samt av vatten. Situationen i dessa kulturer är särskilt känslig i och med att många frilandsgrönsaker skördas i utvecklingsstadier med full tillväxt och då näringsupptaget är som störst. Det finns ett antal redskap för minskning av näringsläckage. Beräkning av växtnäringsbehovet och anpassning av gödslingen är två av dem. För att ytterligare komma tillrätta med problemet finns odlingsåtgärder såsom kvävemur, kalkfilter, reglerad dränering, uppsamling av vatten i dammar samt anläggning av våtmarker. Föreliggande rapport bygger på fallstudier i fem IP-odlingar i Skåne. Vi har utgått ifrån fält i fem pilotföretag med intensiva grönsaksväxtföljder i Skåne. De valda pilotföretagen ligger i vattendistrikten Södra Östersjön och Västerhavet. Pilotytorna varierade i storlek mellan 1 och 25 ha. Vi har analyserat förutsättningar för begränsning av näringsläckaget på pilotytorna ur ett biologiskt-teknologiskt och ekonomiskt perspektiv. I odlarintervjuer sållades möjliga åtgärder fram för begränsning av näringsläckaget på de givna platserna. De av odlarna prioriterade åtgärderna bedömdes sedan också ur ekonomiskt perspektiv. Åtgärder på fältnivå som befanns relevanta att utreda vidare var kalkfilter, kvävemur, våtmark, reglerad dränering, biologisk alvluckring/mullhaltsförbättring samt restaurering av vattendrag med hästskovåtmark samt dammar med fosforavskiljning, rötning av stallgödsel, full Controlled Traffic Farming (CTF) samt bygga en bevattningsdamm. Åtgärder på kulturnivå var bättre behovsanpassning av N och P dels genom förändrade proportioner i NPK-mikro-gödselmedel och dels genom en lärandeprocess med experiment och uppföljning. För de tre företag som inte redan tillämpade radmyllning vid sådd/plantering, till de kulturer där det var möjligt, var detta en relevant åtgärd. Andra åtgärder var bortförsel av skörderester för rötning och In season-CTF, djupluckring efter sättning/plantering, djupluckring vid bäddläggning samt bevattningsramp med slang. Ett försök att skatta effekten av åtgärderna samt beräkna kostnaden per sparat kg näringsämne gjordes på respektive företag. För kvävereduktion fanns viss möjlighet tack vare ungefärliga utlakningsberäkningar gjorda med STANK. Växtnäringsläckaget varierar mycket från fält till fält, från årstid till årstid och från kultur till kultur. Åtgärder i enskilda företag borde bygga på mätningar och kunskap och förutsätter en individuell prövning. De vinster man gör är dels inbesparade gödselmedel, dels miljövinster i form av minskade utsläpp. Dessa besparingar ska sättas i relation till de ökade kostnader som uppkommer
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Asp, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Development and Acclimatisation of Horticultural Plants Subjected to Narrow-Band Lighting
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Horticultural Science. - 1611-4426 .- 1611-4434. ; 79, s. 45-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Light-emitting diodes (LED) allow narrow-band light to be easily obtained and can be used for narrow-band lighting in plant cultivation, with possible effects on plant growth and development. This study examined use of narrow-band lighting of different wavelengths in the cultivation of ornamental pot plant (Pelargonium and Petunia), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) transplants and sunflower (Helianthus annuus), either as sole light source in growth chambers, or as end-of-day (EOD) treatment in a greenhouse environment. Biometric measurements on plant growth and measurements of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance showed that when Helianthus was grown exclusively in blue light, stem elongation was greater than when it was grown exclusively in yellow, red, green or white light. Similar results were obtained when blue light was supplied in EOD treatments for Petunia and Pelargonium and for tomato. However, stem elongation was also high when red light was given as EOD treatment to tomato, whereas green light gave the least elongated plants in these conditions. Biomass production was generally not affected by the different EOD treatments. For Helianthus plants grown solely in monochromatic light, plant biomass production was highest in red light. For Pelargonium, photosynthetic rate was highest in blue light. It was conduded that plant response to different wavelengths is species-dependent and that EOD treatment with narrow-band lighting might be useful for plant growth regulation.
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| 4. |
- Asp, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Potential of urban horticulture to secure food provisions in urban and peri-urban environments
- 2014
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Ingår i: Urban and peri-urban agriculture for food security in low-income countries. - 9789157692290 ; :2014:4, s. 33-35
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The production of vegetables and fruits within urban and peri-urban boundaries provides food for million of Africans in urban areas as well as livelihoods for thousands of urban growers. Thus, the socio-economic impact of urban horticulture is substantial. There is also a positivie effect on the environment through conservation of natural resources in city areas. However, there exists a need for technical development and official recognition of this type production to enhance sustainability. Furthermore, microbiological, chemical and physical food hazards need to be acknowledged.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bergstrand, Karl-Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Högtrycksnatriumlampan duger än
- 2013
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Ingår i: Trädgårdsnytt. - 0049-4356. ; 67, s. 26-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Caspersen, Siri, et al.
(författare)
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Organic production systems in Northern highbush blueberries
- 2013
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Ingår i: NJF Report. - 1653-2015. ; 9, s. 141-142
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The production of highbush blueberries is increasing worldwide. Organic production of blueberries in Sweden is presently very limited but is expected to have a great potential to expand as the berries are popular and have a good shelf life. The fact that blueberries require acid soils raises several questions concerning suitable substrates in combination with mycorrhizal inoculation and fertilization in organic production systems. Field and pot experiments have been established during 2011 and 2012 with the aim of developing a sustainable production system for high quality organic blueberries. After the second experimental year, total fruit yields were similar for plants grown in a plastic tunnel and in the open field. Yields were not affected by the addition of 10% forest soil to the peat-based substrate. Inoculation with ericoid mycorrhizal fungi had little effect on shoot length in a greenhouse pot experiment. Blueberries may be particularly suitable for organic production as the need for fertilizers is low combined with a relatively low disease pressure on the blueberry crop in the Nordic countries. The Swedish blueberry production might be expected to expand in the near future. The development of a successful and resource-efficient growing system for organic blueberries may encourage new blueberry growers to chose organic production.
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| 12. |
- Ekelöf, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Potato yield response to foliar application of phosphorus as affected by soil moisture and available soil phosphorus
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil and Plant Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0906-4710 .- 1651-1913. ; 62, s. 637-643
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Foliar application of phosphorus (P) may be a supplementary treatment to sustain adequate P-status of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). However, the prediction of the potential benefits of foliar P supply is difficult, since several factors, such as weather conditions and plant P-status influence the effects. We determined the impact of soil moisture and soil P-supply on the responsiveness to foliar P-application under controlled environmental conditions. Plant dry matter yields, P-accumulation and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) with or without foliar application were determined at five soil P-levels in combination with two soil moisture levels. The results suggest that water status is of importance for the responsiveness to foliar P-application and may be related to diffusion of P through the leaf cells, which require a good water status. The PUE was significantly improved with irrigation while adding P to the soil decreased the PUE.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Hultberg, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Biofilm Formation by Chlorella vulgaris is Affected by Light Quality
- 2014
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Ingår i: Current Microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0343-8651 .- 1432-0991. ; 69, s. 699-702
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formation of biofilm on surfaces is a common feature in aquatic environments. Major groups of inhabitants in conditions where light is present are photoautotrophic microorganisms, such as cyanobacteria and microalgae. This study examined the effect of light quality on growth and biofilm formation of the microalgal species Chlorella vulgaris. Dense biofilm formation and aggregated growth of cells were observed in treatments exposed to blue, purple and white light. Less dense biofilm formation and solitary growth of cells were observed in treatments exposed to red, yellow or green light. Microalgal biofilms are of high importance in many respects, not least from an economic perspective. One example is the intense efforts undertaken to control biofilm formation on technical surfaces such as ship hulls. The present study suggests that light quality plays a role in biofilm formation and that blue-light receptors may be involved.
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| 15. |
- Jonsson, Marianne, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Novel 3D culture system with similarities to the human heart for studies of the cardiac stem cell niche.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Regenerative medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1746-076X .- 1746-0751. ; 5:5, s. 725-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: The aim of this study was to develop a 3D culture system with similarities to the human heart, which was suitable for studies of adult cardiac stem or progenitor cells. MATERIALS & METHODS: Dissociated cells from human cardiac biopsies were placed in high-density pellet cultures and cultured for up to 6 weeks. Gene and protein expressions, analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, and morphology were studied in early and late pellets. RESULTS: Cells cultured in the 3D model showed similarities to human cardiac tissue. Moreover, markers for cardiac stem and progenitor cells were also detected after 6 weeks of culture, in addition to markers for signaling pathways active in stem cell niche regulation. CONCLUSIONS: The described 3D culture model could be a valuable tool when studying the influence of different compounds on proliferation and differentiation processes in cardiac stem or progenitor cells in cardiac regenerative research.
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| 16. |
- Kosiba Held, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Fertilisation on the Development of Freezing Tolerance in Silver Birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and Blue Holly (Ilex x meserveae S.Y. Hu 'Blue Princess')
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Horticultural Science. - 1611-4426 .- 1611-4434. ; 75, s. 165-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish ornamental nurseries are supplying fertiliser to field crops only during the first half of the growing season, due to the concern of growers that late fertilisation will delay development of freezing tolerance. Effects of fertilisation on freezing tolerance were investigated in two climate chamber experiments. Three different fertilising strategies were used on plants of silver birch and blue holly; one treatment according to ordinary practice with all fertiliser applied within the first half of the growing season, secondly a treatment with all fertiliser almost evenly spread out over the growing season, and the third treatment as the second one but with additional potassium and phosphorus added at the end of the growing season. The total applied amount of nitrogen was the same for all treatments. The plants had a growing season of 12 weeks, followed by 6 weeks of autumn climate, simulated in the climate chamber. During the autumn period plants were tested for freezing tolerance in freezing tests. The study showed that a fertiliser strategy with an almost even distribution of a balanced fertiliser during the growing season had no negative effect on the development of frost tolerance in silver birch and blue holly. Growth and freezing tolerance showed small differences between treatments, although the rate of development of freezing tolerance seemed to be slightly faster in the third treatment. However, the results showed differences in growth and development of freezing tolerance between the experiments, indicating that other growth factors than nutrient distribution had an impact on developing freezing tolerance. Nevertheless, the results indicate that growers can even out the application of fertilisers over the entire growing season without jeopardising the development of freezing tolerance and, thus, decrease the risk for nutrient leakage to underlying soil and water table.
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| 17. |
- Larsson Jönsson, Helene, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of pH and nitrogen on cadmium uptake in potato
- 2013
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Ingår i: Biologia Plantarum. - : Institute of Experimental Botany. - 0006-3134 .- 1573-8264. ; 57, s. 788-792
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the effects of pH and nitrogen form and concentration on cadmium (Cd) uptake by potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown in hydroponic culture. Potato plants grown in a pH-buffered nutrient solution for 10 d were exposed for 24 h to 25 nM CdCl2 labelled with Cd-109. Plants showed a significantly higher Cd uptake and accumulation at pH 6.5 than at pH 4.5 and 5.5. Nitrogen supplied as nitrate (NO3 (-)) generally resulted in a higher Cd uptake and accumulation than N supplied as ammonium (NH4 (+)). This effect was most pronounced at pH 6.5. The N concentration increasing from 6.5 to 26 mM resulted in a decreased Cd influx when either NO3 (-) or NH4 (+) was used. Cd translocation to the shoot was increased when NO3 (-) was used as the sole N source. In conclusion, pH had a strong influence on Cd uptake by roots and N form is especially important for Cd translocation within the potato plant.
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| 18. |
- Larsson Jönsson, Helene, et al.
(författare)
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INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN SUPPLY ON CADMIUM ACCUMULATION IN POTATO TUBERS
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Plant Nutrition. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0190-4167 .- 1532-4087. ; 34, s. 345-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of different levels and forms of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on cadmium (Cd) concentrations in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers, a large component of the northern European diet, was investigated with the aim of decreasing the Cd content. A high and a low Cd-accumulating cultivar were used in two field trials and a pot experiment. The N fertilizers tested were balanced N-phosphorus (P)-potassium (K) 11-5-18 + micronutrients, alkaline calcium nitrate and acidic ammonium sulfate at levels of 60, 160, and 240 kg N ha(-1) at planting or (for the higher N doses) split between two or three occasions. The Cd concentration in tubers of both cultivars decreased when increasing the N fertilizer from 60 to 160 or 240 kg N ha(-1), indicating that Cd uptake and translocation are not positively correlated to the growth rate of the potato plant. A strong positive linear correlation was found between the Cd concentration in leaves at 77 days after planting and the Cd concentration in tubers at harvest, irrespective of N treatment, although the Cd concentration was three-fold higher in the leaves. The genetic variation in leaf and tuber Cd accumulation was consistent, regardless of the form of N fertilizer used. Ammonium sulfate decreased soil pH and increased tuber Cd concentration in both cultivars compared with NPK fertilizer, possibly due to increased amounts of plant-available Cd arising from the pH decrease after ammonium sulfate application. The tuber Cd concentration in the low Cd-accumulating cultivar increased when fertilized with calcium nitrate, an effect attributed to Cd availability being influenced by the increased Ca2+ concentration.
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| 19. |
- Larsson Jönsson, Helene, et al.
(författare)
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Kadmiuminnehåll i matpotatis : betydelse av odlingsåtgärder, markfaktorer och sorter
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I fältförsök, krukförsök samt i radioaktiva upptagsförsök i näringslösning har betydelsen av pH, kvävekoncentration och kväveform undersökts med avseende på kadmiuminnehållet i potatis. Försöken gjordes på två matpotatissorter som tar upp lite respektive mycket kadmium. Försöken visade att ammoniumkväve gav lågt mark-pH och hög kadmiumkoncentration i potatis jämfört med NPK. Detta beror på en ökad tillgänglighet av kadmium då upptagsförsöken visade att själva upptaget av kadmium faktiskt var högre vid pH 6,5 än vid 4,5 då tillgängligheten var densamma. Kalksalpeter gav också en ökad kadmiumkoncentration jämfört med NPK, vilket kan bero på en ökad tillgång på kalciumjoner, som tränger ut kadmiumjoner till markvätskan. Både fältförsök och upptagsförsök visade attkadmiumkoncentration/upptag minskade med ökad kvävekoncentration. Intressant var också den linjära korrelationen som fanns mellan kadmiumkoncentrationen i tredje bladet och kadmiumkoncentrationen i knölen vid skörd för de två ingående sorterna. Enligt denna studie är det bäst att gödsla med ett pH-neutralt kvävegödselmedel balanserat med avseende på ammonium- och nitratkväve- för att begränsa kadmiuminnehållet i potatis.
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| 20. |
- Mogren, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Improved Nitrogen Starter Fertilizer Strategy (Method and Level) for Field Grown Iceberg Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; 852, s. 305-310
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents three preliminary trials of a study with the aim to find a way to reduce total amounts of nitrogen applied in iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa) production without reducing the yield and quality by the use of a starter fertilizer strategy. The trials consisted of a fertilizer experiment, a demonstration plot and a trial in climate chamber conditions. Levels, total amounts and methods of nitrogen fertilizer application were compared. Low to medium levels of nitrogen added as placed starter fertilizer resulted in equal yield and lettuce quality compared to high levels and broadcast application. This means that the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer can probably be lowered and thereby the risk of nitrogen leaching from the field. No statistically significant reduction in yield or quality between broadcast and placed fertilizer treatments were found, so the placed starter fertilizer method seems promising, but need to be further tuned for Swedish climate conditions
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| 21. |
- Mogren, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Placed Nitrogen Starter Fertilizer Strategy for Field Grown Iceberg Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; 936, s. 299-304
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production of iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa) has been shown to be a potential source of nitrogen (N) leaching to ground water. Growers are concerned that reduced levels of N will lead to reduced yield and lowered quality. Experiments with a wide range of N levels the previous season showed that placed N fertilizer at planting had potential to reduce total N levels needed. This project was designed to verify these findings with use of commercially used, and lower, levels on N. The N content in the lettuce dry material at harvest and the N content in the soil profile (N-min) at several stages during the season were studied. By using placed starter N fertilizer, the total amount of N applied could be reduced by more than 25% without loss in yield or lowered quality. By using this strategy the risk of N leaching from the field could be significantly reduced at planting, during growth and after harvest.
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| 22. |
- Rydlo, Cecilia
(författare)
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Fighting for the otherness : student nurses' lived experiences of growing in caring
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Swedish nursing education, student nurses should gain a bachelor degreein the main field of study. However, five designations of the main field ofstudy exist among the higher education institutions and the present thesisfocuses on the main field of study caring science. Former studies show thatthe acquisition of knowledge in caring by student nurses is characterized bytroubles, uncertainty and confusion. The aim was to describe how growingin caring is experienced by student nurses during education.The theoretical perspective was caring science with focus on caringscience didactics, while the epistemological frame constituted of a phenomenological lifeworld approach. Data was gathered with interviews andwritten narratives at different occasions during the education in order tograsp the general structure of growing in caring.The findings illuminated that growing in caring means a struggle forone’s own caring beliefs to exist and survive in a world filled with diverseexpectations of caring. Through recognizing expectations of caring, studentnurses discover the complexity of caring. In this complexity, they understand themselves as being different and the otherness appears. The otherness consists of unique beliefs about caring based on former experiences. Inorder to give evidence for the otherness, concepts from caring theories thatagree with one’s own caring beliefs are found, which transform the concepts from being meaningless to being essential in caring. The conceptsstrengthen the student nurses’ growth in caring and constitute a support intheir discussions about caring. In this struggle for gaining access with theirotherness, they become convinced that they can make changes for the patient and strength arises to fight for their otherness.The study showed that the otherness appears as the hub in the studentnurse’s world, which gains nourishment to discover paths to think, feel andact in a caring manner. This gives an incentive that innovative learningstrategies that both grasp the student nurses’ lifeworld as well as bringknowledge in caring into awareness for them are needed to be developed.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Welander, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a new vessel system based on temporary immersion system for micropropagation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scientia Horticulturae. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-4238 .- 1879-1018. ; 179, s. 227-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate a new culture vessel Plantform bioreactor, based on the temporary immersion system principle for micropropagation of Digitalis lutea x purpurea, Echinacea purpurea and Rubus idaeus. The multiplication ratio and shoot quality in bioreactor were either similar to or better than these on agar medium. The shoot number was similar in both systems for Digitalis and Rubus, while Echinacea had a significantly higher shoot number of good quality in bioreactor. Digitalis and Echinacea gained more fresh weights in bioreactor, while more for Rubus on agar medium. However, the dry weight was similar between the two systems for all three species. Changes in carbohydrate were evident for all species. Autoclaving media could breakdown sucrose, which is both pH- and nutrient-dependent. This study has demonstrated that the Plantform bioreactor is suitable for plant micropropagation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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