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| 2. |
- Asplund, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Caregivers' Reactions to the Physical Appearance of a Person in the Final Stage of Dementia as Measured by Semantic Differentials
- 1993
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Aging & Human Development. - 0091-4150 .- 1541-3535. ; 37:3, s. 205-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The semantic differential (SeD) technique was applied to 158 caregivers from a nursing home in the northern part of Sweden. The questionnaire contained fifty-eight bipolar scales of adjective pairs and the interviewees indicated then-reactions to a described picture of a severely demented person: A factor analysis revealed three dimensions; an ethical one, an esthetical one, and one about the person's own feelings. The fifty-eight scales were mostly rated toward the negative poles. The severely demented person was rated as painful, apathetic, suffering, weak, afraid, sad, cold, dark, rough, and ugly.Four years later a comparable group of caregivers (n = 93) answered a revised questionnaire containing the 26 SeD scales with factor loadings > .50 for the picture of the severely demented person. The result was nearly identical and alternative interpretations are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Asplund, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Caregivers' Reactions to the Physical Appearance of a Person in the Final Stage of Dementia as Measured by Semantic Differentials
- 1993
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Ingår i: International Journal of Aging and Human Development. - 0091-4150. ; 37:3, s. 205-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Caregivers (n=158) from Swedish nursing home rated severely demented person as painful, apathetic, suffering, weak, afraid, sad, cold, dark, rough, and ugly. Four years later, comparable group of 93 caregivers answered revised questionnaire. Results were nearly identical to first administration.
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| 4. |
- Asplund, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Facial expressions in severely demented patients : a stimulus-response study of four patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type
- 1991
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 6:8, s. 599-606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability to exhibit facial expressions was studied in four patients with severe dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT), by means of the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) and physiological responses (heart rate, respiration, skin temperature) under pleasant and unpleasant stimulus conditions. Complex facial expressions that could be interpreted as expressions of emotions were not seen. An increase in the number of facial movements and changes in the physiological responses were seen most markedly under the unpleasant stimulus condition. The patients' reactions during the assumed pleasant stimulus conditions indicated comfort. Different reactions were obtained among the patients. The importance of developing further methods to identify and interpret facial movements in nurse-patient relationships is emphasized.
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| 8. |
- Asplund, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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The Sucking Behaviour of Two Patients in the Final Stage of Dementia of the Alzheimer Type
- 1991
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 5:3, s. 141-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two patients in the final stage of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), who could no longer be given nutrition by assisted feeding, were given fluids by means of the sucking ability they still retained. They sucked more slowly under nutritive than under non-nutritive sucking conditions. The sucking efficiency of one of them improved during training. The status of the patients in the final stage of their dementia differed from one another, which might explain the difference in outcome. It is therefore suggested, that the use of the patients' sucking ability could serve as a complement and/or an alternative feeding technique when assisted spoon-feeding becomes extremely difficult or impossible. It is considered to be more gentle and natural than the present feeding techniques.
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| 9. |
- Athlin, Elsy, et al.
(författare)
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Caregivers' perceptions and interpretations of severely demented patients during feeding in a task assignment system.
- 1990
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 4:4, s. 147-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ninety-one focused interviews concerning the feeding of 23 severely demented patients were performed with 62 caregivers who fed the patients in a task assignment system. The aim was to increase the understanding about how caregivers perceive and interpret severely demented patients' behaviour and experiences during feeding. Content analysis showed that the caregivers' commitment or lack of commitment constituted a superior level that determined whether the patient was seen as a subject or as an object. Subcategories that were found were knowledge of the patient's disease and personal history, intuition, identification, empathy, generalisation and routinisation.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Jansson, Lilian, et al.
(författare)
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Interpreting Facial Expressions in Patients in the Terminal Stage of the Alzheimer Disease
- 1993
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Ingår i: Omega. - 0030-2228 .- 1541-3764. ; 26:4, s. 319-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Videotaped interactions between each of two experienced caregivers and each of four patients in the terminal stage of the Alzheimer disease were interpreted. A hermeneutic approach was used to analyze the videotapes. It was possible to see the patients as capable of having experiences and of communicating them to their caregivers. The analysis made it possible to put together the observed communicative cues into a narrative for each patient. The study may contribute to the improvement of the care of severely demented patients by affecting caregivers' preunderstanding of these patients' experiences and communicative abilities.
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| 13. |
- Wimo, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Group living, an alternative for dementia patients : A cost analysis
- 1991
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 6:1, s. 21-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing number of patients with dementia requires new forms of care management. Group living (GL) is an alternative, and two units were established in Sundsvall, Sweden, in 1984. The patients in GL used institutional care to a significantly lower extent (nursing homes, emergency hospital care, psychiatric care) after admission to GL (p < 0.001). The costs for the Municipality and the County Council changed from £49 to £42/day (p=0.21) and patient during the first six-month period in GL compared to the six-month period prior to GL. If the costs for GL are compared to the costs for nursing home care (£68/day), GL is significantly cheaper (p < 0.05).
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| 14. |
- Wimo, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Day Care on Dementia Patients–Costs, Well-being and Relatives' Views
- 1990
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Ingår i: Family Practice. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0263-2136 .- 1460-2229. ; 7:4, s. 279-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forty-seven patients in psychogeriatric day centre were analysed regarding use of resources, costs and well-being. The level of well-being was based on interviews with staff and relatives and related to the economic outcome--a cost utility analysis. A 6 month period prior to day care was compared with the first 6 months in such care. The use of resources at home increased by 20% while the use of institutional care was reduced by 22%. Fifty-three percent of the patients improved in their well-being after participation in day care. When the cost of utility analysis was applied, the cost for a well-year was 4293 pounds.
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