| 1. |
- Bäckström, Josefin, 1977-
(författare)
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Family Members of Patients with Burns : Experiences of a Distressful Episode
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A severe burn is a trauma associated with long lasting consequences, not only for the survivor but also for the family. Although it is recognized that family members are central in providing social support for the patients, previous research has not focused extensively on this group. The aims of this thesis were to increase knowledge about psychological symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in family members of patients with burns, as well as to explore their experiences of burn care and rehabilitation. The research questions were approached using quantitative and qualitative methods.The results showed that most family members demonstrate normal to mild levels of psychological symptoms, while one third demonstrate moderate to severe symptoms during care. The symptoms decreased over time and could be predicted to a certain degree by early symptoms.Further, family members’ report of HRQoL is similar to that of the general population. An improvement is seen over time and HRQoL could be predicted in part by earlier life events and psychological symptoms.Family members’ experiences were explored in an interview study. Qualitative content analysis revealed that the time in hospital is stressful, although there were experiences of a positive character. Family members might benefit from being cared for in a more individualized way. The communication between health care providers and the family members could be improved.Finally, a qualitative content analysis revealed that family members’ experiences and views concerning support is highly individual. There were experiences of sufficient support as well as lack of professional support. Treatment of family members should be modified according to personal circumstances, and it is important to actively include family members in the care process, both before and after discharge.In summary, being a family member of a burn survivor is a distressful experience, not only during care but in many cases also after discharge. The treatment of family members within burn care should be individualized. Some persons are more vulnerable than others and it might be possible to identify those in need of support while care is still ongoing.
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| 2. |
- Bäckström, Josefin, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life in family members of patients with burns
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Burn Care & Research. - 1559-047X .- 1559-0488. ; 35:3, s. 243-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A severe burn not only affects the patients, but may also have a great impact on the lives of family members. It is known that family members of patients with burns experience psychological distress, but health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has not been studied in this group. The aim was to study predictors of HRQoL in family members of patients with burns. Forty-four family members of adult patients treated in a burn center, between 2000 and 2007, completed questionnaires during care, and at 3, 6, and 12 months after injury. HRQoL was assessed with the EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D), which consists of the dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain, and anxiety/depression. The questionnaire generates an EQ-5D index and a visual analog scale (VAS) score. Overall, the EQ-5D index was similar to that of the general population. A slight improvement in HRQoL was found in the VAS scores and in the anxiety/depression dimension over time. In regression models, HRQoL was primarily predicted by earlier life events, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, and HRQoL, assessed during the patients’ hospitalization. In summary, HRQoL assessed with VAS scores increased slightly during the first year postburn, and early screening for life events and psychological symptoms, and HRQoL might be useful in identifying family members in need of support.
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| 3. |
- Bäckström, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of psychological symptoms in family members of patients with burns 1 year after injury
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 69:2, s. 384-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimTo report a study of predictors of psychological symptoms in family members of patients with burns.BackgroundFamily members are important as a source of social support for patients undergoing prolonged rehabilitation. Little is known about psychological symptoms of family members of patients with burns, especially in the long term.DesignThe design of the study was prospective and longitudinal.MethodsForty-four family members of adult patients treated in a burn centre between 2000-2007 completed questionnaires during care and at 3, 6, and 12 months after injury. Psychological symptoms were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Predictors for anxiety and depression were explored in regression analyses.ResultsThe mean scores indicated normal to mild symptoms in general. Moderate and severe symptom levels during care and at 12 months were demonstrated on the anxiety subscale by 15/44 and 5/39, respectively, and on the depression subscale by 5/44 and 0/39 of the family members, respectively. In the final regression models, the primary predictor was psychological symptoms at the previous assessment. Other predictors were previous life events, age, and the coping strategy avoidance.ConclusionFamily members of patients with burns demonstrate normal to mild levels of psychological symptoms that decrease over time. One-third show moderate to severe anxiety symptoms during care and may benefit from counselling. Previous symptoms predict later symptoms, indicating that screening with a validated instrument is useful. The results provide guidance for nurses in assessing and planning adequate interventions for family members.
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| 4. |
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Codex and Code : Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media, NORLIT 2009, Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The conference Codex and Code: Aesthetics, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media (NorLit 2009)was held at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, August 6–9, 2009. The conference was organized by the Nordic Association for Comparative Literature (NorLit); the Department of Culture and Communication, Linköping University; the School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH); the Department of Comparative Literature, Stockholm University; the Department of Culture and Communication, Södertörn University College; and the Department of Comparative Literature, Uppsala University. The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced during earlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation. The conference Codex and Code wanted to stimulate interdisciplinary scholarly research of the literary in a broad sense. The conference was open to scholars in Comparative Literature and in Classical and Modern Languages, Aesthetics, Media and Communication studies, Film and Theatre studies, Philosophy and adjacent disciplines. The conference was organized around a number of thematic sessions in which researchers and scholars presented and discussed papers. The conference has received generous financial support from the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation, Magnus Bergwall foundation, Granholms foundation, Linköping University, School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology, Svenska litteratursällskapet; the Swedish Academy, Swedish Science Council, and Vitterhetsakademien.
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| 5. |
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Codex and Code: Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media : NORLIT 2009, Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced duringearlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation.
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| 6. |
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NORLIT 2009, Codex and Code: Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media : Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced duringearlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation.
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| 7. |
- Ragulis, Paulius, et al.
(författare)
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Shielding Effectiveness of Modern Energy-Saving Glasses and Windows
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-926X .- 1558-2221. ; 65:8, s. 4250-4258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thin metal coatings on glass are widely used in modern windows to improve their thermal properties. However, while there are some available papers on the properties of microwave propagation through commercial metallized windows glass below 6 GHz there seems to be a lack of papers regarding metallized multi-glazed windows at higher frequencies. Such data are of the great importance when designing modern microwave communication systems working in urban environments. In this paper, the shielding effectiveness of modern energy-saving glasses and windows were investigated at microwave frequencies from 1 GHz to 20 GHz. Wide measurement range together with proposed fast calculation procedure based on the matrix multiplication method, allowed us to elucidate the reasons responsible for the extremes in dependencies of shielding effectiveness on frequency. It was also shown that by comparing measured and calculated results, the conductivity of the thin metallic layer used in modern energy-saving windows can be determined. During the study, we found that attenuation of microwave radiation passing through modern windows can be as high as 60 dB.
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| 8. |
- Ängskog, Per, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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High Power Microwave Effects on Coated Window Panes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Asia Electromagnetics Conference (ASIAEM) 2015.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today window panes are usually coated with at least one metal or metal oxide layer to prevent heat energy of the light spectrum from propagating to the other side. This has given problems regarding radio propagation through windows, which might be utilized as a part of a buildings IEMI protection. This paper reports the results from measurements of the shielding effectiveness of a selection of modern window panes before and after irradiation with high power electromagnetic waves. The shielding effectiveness measurements are made in a nested reverberation chamber covering the range 1 – 18 GHz; both before and after high power irradiation at 1.3 GHz. The results show that the shielding effectiveness of window panes may be severely impaired due to thermal stress effects on the coatings during the irradiation, depending of the type of coating.
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| 9. |
- Ängskog, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of Radio Signal Propagation through Window Panes and Energy Saving Windows
- 2015
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Ingår i: 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781479966158 ; , s. 74-79
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glass windows have undergone an energy saving evolution over the past three, four decades, from single panes till today’s ultralow-emission windows. While the earliest energy saving windows were constructed as a sandwich of clear glass panes using the vacuum-flask principle, modern low-emission windows includes panes with coatings of metal and/or metal oxides. This coating has caused radio propagation problems for communication systems; something that may be utilized to protect a building from intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI) attacks and to help protecting against information leakage. In this paper measurements of the shielding performance of different generations of windows and qualities of window panes are presented. The intention is to include the results in a guide-line for IEMI protection of critical infrastructures. Measurements are made using two complementary methods; in a nested reverberation chamber and in a semi-anechoic chamber, both over the range 1 – 18 GHz. The results show a clear generation dependency where the energy saving windows largely do not attenuate RF signals at all and low-emission windows offer shielding effectiveness values between 10 and 45 dB with potentially as much as around 60 dB in the upper half of the spectrum.
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| 10. |
- Ängskog, Per, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Shielding Effectiveness and HPM Vulnerability of Energy-Saving Windows and Window Panes
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on electromagnetic compatibility (Print). - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 0018-9375 .- 1558-187X. ; 61:3, s. 870-877
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we report results from shielding effectiveness measurements on energy-saving windows and individual, coated window panes of different generations, as well as results from high-power microwave irradiation on single panes. Shielding effectiveness was measured with two complementary methods: first, with near isotropic irradiation in nested reverberation chambers, and the other with irradiation at normal incidence in a semianechoic chamber. The measurements show that the construction of the energy conserving windows has a clear impact on how well they attenuate radio frequency signals. The more modern the window or pane, the higher is the shielding effectiveness. The high-power irradiation on coated panes showed that depending on the type of coating, hotspots can build up causing the coating to crack and, hence, deteriorate the shielding effectiveness. These results may serve as guidance when reviewing high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (EMP), high-power microwave, or intentional electromagnetic interference protection of critical infrastructures, and provide assistance in the work with reduction of compromising emanations.
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| 11. |
- Ängskog, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Shielding Effectiveness of Energy Saving Windows and HPM Effects on Coated Window Panes Measurements Conducted 2014-2016-Results and Lessons Learned
- 2016
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2016 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY - EMC EUROPE. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781509014163 ; , s. 461-466, s. 461-466
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The past few decades have shown a veritable explosion of new versions of energy-saving windows and coated window panes. In the wake of this, problems with radio communications into and from within buildings has arisen. However, this unexpected attenuation of radio signals may also be used to shield a facility from incoming intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI). With the intention to investigate the shielding effectiveness (SE) of modern windows and window panes a two-year measurement campaign was launched mid-2014. Another, little investigated area is what happens to coated glass when irradiated by a high-power microwave (HPM) source. Shielding effectiveness has been measured for different types of energy saving windows and coated window panes both in a semi-anechoic chamber and in a reverberation chamber over the frequency range 1-18 GHz. The effects of HPM irradiation were studied by comparing SE measured before and after the pulsed 28 kV/m L-band irradiation. The main conclusion is that with the right choice of window the shielding effectiveness of a building can reach up 40-50 dB. In this paper we summarize these measurements and lessons learned from the measurement campaign.
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| 12. |
- Ängskog, Per, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Shielding Effectiveness Studies of Energy Saving Windows and Coated Window Panes - a Summary
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the European Electromagnetics Symposium (EUROEM) 2016. - London : Institution of Engineering and Technology.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent decades, window panes and windows have undergone a virtual revolution with respect to energy saving. Along with this revolution a strong reduction of radio transmission capability through windows has followed. It has been observed that radio communication (e.g. mobile telephony) in newly built or renovated buildings has become increasingly difficult to accomplish due to the higher attenuation in these energy-saving windows. On the upside though, the increased attenuation can help in the protection against intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI) and compromising emanations from activities inside the building.In this paper we summarize shielding effectiveness (SE) measurements conducted on window panes and window modules during 2014 and 2015 and give some conclusions drawn regarding do’s and don’ts when installing windows.
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| 13. |
- Ängskog, Per, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Shielding Effectiveness Study of Two Fabrics with Microwave Properties Before and After High Power Irradiation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA)ICEAA '15 - 17th Edition. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781479978069 ; , s. 930-933
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past decade several applications forfabrics with electromagnetic properties have emerged, most ofthem relating to garments, including jackets with built-inantennas and workwear with increased radar visibility. Besidethese have surfaced two protective applications, namely toprotect transports of confidential equipment from discoveryand identification; and to protect sensitive apparatus fromdamage by high power electromagnetic irradiation e.g. in fieldoperations. In this paper results are presented frommeasurement of shielding effectiveness before and after highpower radiation for two types of fabrics under considerationfor the latter applications. Shielding effectivenessmeasurements have been conducted between 1 and 18 GHzwhile the high power irradiation
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| 14. |
- Ängskog, Per, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Skärmverkan och mikrovågseffekter på fönster och fönsterglas
- 2016
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Ingår i: Electronic Environment. - Göteborg : Just Rivista AB. ; -:3, s. 26-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Ett allt vanligare fenomen är att mobil telekommunikation inte fungerar i moderna/nybyggda hus. Detta kan härledas till de moderna energisparfönster som monteras in. Denna skärmverkan är inte bara ett problem utan kan också vändas till en fördel i de fall man vill skydda verksamhet från yttre elektromagnetiska störningar, till exempel avsiktlig elektromagnetisk störning (IEMI), samt i de fall då man vill undvika att röjande strålning (RÖS) från elektronisk utrustning läcker ut och kan avlyssnas.Här kommer vi presentera resultaten från mätningar av skärmverkan hos dels fönster av olika generation och dels enskilda fönsterglas med olika funktion som används för att bygga upp dessa fönster. Dessutom presenteras resultat från mätningar av hur skärmverkan påverkas vid bestrålning med högeffekts mikrovågsstrålning (HPM).
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