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- Börjesson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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beta-cell specific overexpression of suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 does not protect against multiple low dose streptozotocin induced type 1 diabetes in mice
- 2011
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Ingår i: Immunology Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-2478 .- 1879-0542. ; 136:1, s. 74-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the impact of beta-cell specific overexpression of suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 (SOCS-3) on the development of multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLDSTZ) induced Type 1 diabetes and the possible mechanisms involved. MLDSTZ treatment was administered to RIP-SOCS-3 transgenic and wild-type (wt) mice and progression of hyperglycemia monitored. Isolated islets from both strains were exposed to human IL-1 beta (25 U/ml) or a combination of human IL-1 beta (25 U/ml) and murine IFN-gamma (1000 U/ml) for 24h or 48h and we investigated the expression of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) mRNA in islet cells and secretion of IL-1Ra into culture medium. MLDSTZ treatment caused gradual hyperglycemia both in the wt mice and in the transgenic mice with the latter tending to be more sensitive. In vitro experiments on wt and transgenic islets did not reveal any differences in sensitivity to damaging effects of STZ. Exposure of wt islets to 1L-1 beta or IL-1 beta + IFN-gamma seemed to lead to a failing IL-1Ra response from SOCS-3 transgenic islets. It could be that an increased expression of a possible protective molecule against beta-cell destruction may lead to a dampered response of another putative protective molecule. This may have counteracted a protective effect against MLDSTZ in SOCS-3 transgenic mice.
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| 6. |
- Gustavsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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"The Art of Success in Art. Social Origins, Educational Trajectories, and Artistic Careers in Sweden, 1938–2007"
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- What inherited & acquired resources do individuals, who are admitted to the most exclusive areas of the educational system or who establish themselves at the most prominent positions within professional fields, possess? How do these possessions change over time? In the paper, we try to answer these questions by focusing on the fine arts. We examine, on the one hand, the most dominant school of fine arts in Sweden, and, on the other hand, the field of artists. Our empirical data are constructed as collective biographies of the 1,100 students attending the school between 1938 & 1986 (information from the school archives concerning for example admission, prizes, study travels abroad) & of 13,500 artists (data on exhibitions, stipends, prizes, teaching positions, etc.) for the years 1945 to 2007. The main statistical technique employed is specific multiple correspondence analysis, enabling us to study the structures of the students’ & the artists’ properties as well as the relations between the two populations. We show that there is a strong relation between the leading school & dominant positions in the field of artists. One striking preliminary result a in a social democratic ruled country with a strong emphasis on equity in education is that art students & artists increasingly are recruited from the upper middle classes.
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| 7. |
- Gustavsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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The Profane Basis of Sacred Power : Social Backgrounds of Swedish Artists in Dominant Positions 1945–2004
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In elite studies, some elites – such as political and economic elites – tend to be more indisputable than others, while especially cultural elites hold a more ambiguous position. The reluctance to define the cultural elite as an elite among others can be related to different factors, e.g. the self-definition of cultural elites as opponents to temporal powers and the methodological problems of defining the cultural elites. In our contribution, we set the self-definition of cultural elites aside and try to tackle the problem of defining one specific cultural elite, successful artists, by employing Bourdieu’s notion of field. After having carved out a sociological definition of the elite artists, i.e. the artist occupying the most dominant positions within the field, we investigate the social origin of the group, and thereby, reveal the ‘secular’ basis for this ’spiritual’ elite power. By using a large historical source material, presenting a wide number of dominant positions in the Swedish art field in the period 1945–2004, and prosopography as the main method, comprising a compilation of more than 645 artists’ career paths, we can both analyze structures at different times and change over time. Our main results suggest that Swedish leading artist mainly come from more privileged backgrounds and that popular classes are underrepresented. Furthermore, a shift has occurred in the recruitment patterns, where artists from cultural fractions of the middle and dominant classes are increasing their share, while the economic fractions are decreasing.
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| 8. |
- Pemer, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Government agencies’ use of management consulting services in Sweden : An explorative study
- 2014
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The current paper investigates the use of management consultants in the Swedish public sector. Based on an analysis of the use of management consulting services in 55 Government agencies (GAs) in the years 2004-2011 the paper makes a number of contributions. First it confirms an overall growth of the use of consulting services in the public sector. However, it also shows that the use of consulting services and its growth are unevenly distributed across organizations, where GAs with a highly professionalized work force are less heavy users of consulting services than regular GAs. The study also points at temporal variations in GAs use of consulting services. Here changes in top management, especially the CEO, are identified as initiators of temporary reductions of the use of consulting services.
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- Rydgren, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated glucagon-like peptide-1 plasma levels, as a possible adaptive response, in diabetic NOD mice
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 423:3, s. 583-587
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and other GLP-1 receptor agonists have been shown to cause both antiapoptotic as well as regenerative effects on beta-cells in different animal models for diabetes. Our aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that spontaneously diabetic non obese diabetic (NOD) mice show an altered expression of GLP-1 compared to normoglycemic age-matched controls as a consequence of a diabetic state. To do this we used an ELISA prototype for mouse GLP-1 to measure plasma total GLP-1 from recently diabetic NOD mice as well as from age-matched normoglycemic NOD mice (controls). We also stained sections of pancreatic glands for GLP-1 from diabetic NOD mice and controls. We found increased levels of plasma total GLP-1 in diabetic NOD mice, when compared to control mice, both from non-fasted mice and from mice fasted for 2 h. Furthermore, diabetic NOD mice displayed a higher GLP-1 response to an oral glucose tolerance test, compared to control mice. We also found that sections of pancreatic glands from diabetic NOD mice had an increased GLP-1 positive islet area in regard to relative islet area (i.e. total islet area / total pancreas area of the sections) compared to control mice. To our knowledge, this study is the first to show increased levels of GLP-1 in plasma in spontaneously diabetic NOD mice. We suggest that these results might represent a compensatory mechanism of the diabetic NOD mice to counteract beta-cell loss and hyperglycemia.
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- Ryve, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Discourses about school-based mathematics teacher education in Finland and Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0031-3831 .- 1470-1170. ; 57:2, s. 132-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this cross-case study we focus on school-based teacher education in Sweden and Finland. Through the use of focus-group interviews with mathematics teacher educators in Finland and Sweden, the study shows that there are substantial differences in how school-based teacher education is introduced and portrayed in the discourse about teacher education and prospective teachers' learning. The school-based teacher education among the Finnish groups is made relevant in relation to several aspects of prospective teachers' learning. In the Swedish groups, school-based teacher education is portrayed as an organizational problem and few aspects of prospective teachers' learning are brought into the discourse. The results cannot be generalized to the two countries but show interesting conceptualizations of school-based education potentially useful for teacher educators and scholars
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