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| 2. |
- Carlström, Eric, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Medical Emergencies During a Half Marathon Race - The Influence of Weather
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sports Medicine. - Stuttgart : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0172-4622 .- 1439-3964. ; 40:5, s. 312-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to analyze the influence of weather conditions on medical emergencies in a half-marathon, specifically by evaluating its relation to the number of non-finishers, ambulance-required assistances, and collapses in need of ambulance as well as looking at the location of such emergencies on the race course. Seven years of data from the world's largest half marathon were used. Meteorological data were obtained from a nearby weather station, and the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) index was used as a measure of general weather conditions. Of the 315,919 race starters, 104 runners out of the 140 ambulance-required assistances needed ambulance services due to collapses. Maximum air temperature and PET significantly co-variated with ambulance-required assistances, collapses, and non-finishers (R (2) =0.65-0.92; p=0.001-0.03). When air temperatures vary between 15-29 degrees C, an increase of 1 degrees C results in an increase of 2.5 (0.008/1000) ambulance-required assistances, 2.5 (0.008/1000) collapses (needing ambulance services), and 107 (0.34/1000) non-finishers. The results also indicate that when the daily maximum PET varies between 18-35 degrees C, an increase of 1 degrees C PET results in an increase of 1.8 collapses (0.006/1000) needing ambulance services and 66 non-finishers (0.21/1000).
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- Ivarsson, Andreas, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Elite female footballers’ stories of sociocultural factors, emotions, and behaviours prior to anterior cruciate ligament injury
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. - New York, NY : Taylor & Francis. - 1612-197X .- 1557-251X. ; 17:6, s. 630-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to examine how players’ perceptions of sociocultural factors and intra- and interpersonal aspects of sporting experiences may have influenced the emotions, cognitions, and behaviours of elite female soccer players prior to the occurrence of ACL injuries. The research questions guiding the study were: (a) how did female elite soccer players perceive that their psychosocial experiences were related to their cognitive, physiological, and emotional states prior to their ACL injuries, and (b) how did the players feel their perceived states influenced their behaviours prior to injury occurrence. The participants consisted of the total population of female players (N = 18) competing in the Swedish women’s elite league, who incurred a total ACL tear during the 2012 season. Using a semi-structured interview guide, all players were interviewed post-season. We represented the data using a storytelling approach of aggregated creative nonfiction. The aggregated stories showed sociocultural rules and expectations of overtraining and placing pressure on athletes to play even if they were not physically or psychologically fit. Responding to pressures with potentially risk-increasing behaviours might raise the probability of becoming injured through a number of pathways. Team managers, coaches, and members of the medical team are recommended to develop environments that stimulate the players to engage in adaptive stress-recovery and risk-decreasing behaviours. © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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| 4. |
- Johnson, Urban, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Rehabilitation after first-time anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction in female football players: a study of resilience factors
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bmc Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation. - London : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2052-1847. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Most of the research in the area of psychosocial factors in rehabilitation after sports injuries has focused on risk behaviors, while relatively few studies have focused on behaviors that facilitate rehabilitation. The objective of our study was to understand the psychosocial features that characterize elite female football players who express a resilient behaviour during rehabilitation after a first-time anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction. Methods: A qualitative method was used based on individual in-person interviews and video communication of players who incurred a first-time ACL tear during the 2012 season of the Swedish Women's Elite Football League. In total, 13 players had a first-time ACL and were interviewed post-season. The interviews were followed by a thematic content analysis. Based on this, eight players were identified as showing resilient behaviors during their rehabilitation and were included in the final analysis. Results: Three core themes representing psychosocial factors that help players cope successfully with rehabilitation were identified: (I) constructive communication and rich interaction with significant others; (II) strong belief in the importance and efficacy of one's own actions; and (III) the ability to set reasonable goals. Conclusions: The findings suggest three core themes of psychosocial factors that characterize first-time ACL-injured elite female football players showing resilience during rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction. Suggestions for medical teams about ways to support communication, self-efficacy, and goal-setting during the rehabilitation process, are provided.
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| 5. |
- Melldahl, Andreas, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Charting the Social Space : the case of Sweden in 1990
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Routledge Companion to Bourdieu's 'Distinction'. - Oxon; New York : Routledge. - 9781317918974 - 9780415727273 - 9781315852539 ; , s. 135-156
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Melldahl, Andreas, 1982-
(författare)
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Utbildningens värde : Fördelning, avkastning och social reproduktion under 1900-talet
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on changes in the value of educational capital over time. Taking as a point of departure Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of a multidimensional social space, the thesis examines how this value is affected when educational assets—through the democratization of education—are becoming more widespread across this space (i.e. the population).The studies are based on datasets from Statistics Sweden, comprising the complete censuses of 1960 to 1990, LISA-registers, and registers of wealth and income. Different approaches are employed: the use of the Gini-coefficient to catch changes in the distribution of education; comparative models to investigate cohorts at different points in time; and specific multiple correspondence analysis to study the distribution of several assets simultaneously. Three aspects are explored: the distributions, returns, and uses of education. Firstly, while there is a steady increase in the average number of years of schooling, there is a different pattern in the development of the distribution of education. Three phases were distinguished: one of increasing levels of inequality, one of decreasing inequality, and one in which the inequality levelled out. Secondly, the returns of education have diminished as far as economic gains are concerned, causing a fracture between different social generations, at the same time as the returns in a wider social sense have remained relatively stable. However, the relative stability hides crucial discrepancies. Groups with the lowest level of education are further marginalized and distances between ‘economic’ and ‘cultural’ groups are growing. Thirdly, in their modes of using the educational system, there are glaring differences between the economic elite and the cultural elite, although both utilize prestigious educational institutions as sites of social reproduction. The fundamental difference consists in that exclusive educational strategies are not as necessary to the dominant fraction of the economic elite. Their children are able to choose more freely among the offers of higher education. The paradoxical development of the value of education is that while the absolute value of educational capital has decreased in general, the differences in relative value persist.
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| 8. |
- Torell, Matilda F, et al.
(författare)
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Higher survival rates in exercise-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, compared to non-exercise-related - a study from the Swedish Register of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 24:15, s. 1673-1679
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Despite the positive effects of physical activity, the risk of sudden cardiac arrest is transiently increased during and immediately after exercise. The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of exercise-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the general population and to compare characteristics and prognosis of these cardiac arrests with non-exercise-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Methods Data from all cases of treated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outside of home reported to the Swedish Register of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation from 2011-2015 in three counties of Sweden were investigated (population 2.1 m). This registry captures almost 100% of all out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Sweden. Results Of 1825 out-of hospital cardiac arrests, 137 (7.5%) were exercise-related, resulting in an incidence of 1.2 per 100,000 person-years. The 30-day survival rate was significantly higher among exercise-related out-of hospital cardiac arrests compared to non-exercise-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (54.3 % vs 19.4%, p < 0.0001). Patients suffering an exercise-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were on average 10 years younger than those who had a non-exercise-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, 56.4 years compared to 67.2 years. Exercise-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrests were more often witnessed (89.4% vs 78.6%, p = 0.002), had higher rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (80.3% vs 61.0%, p < 0.0001) and were more frequently connected to an automated external defibrillator (20.4% vs 4.6%, p < 0.0001). Conclusions Cardiac arrests that occur in relation to exercise have a significantly better prognosis and outcome than non-exercise-related cardiac arrests. This may be explained by favourable circumstances but may also reflect that these persons experience a sudden cardiac arrest at a lower degree of coronary artery disease, due to their younger age and to exercise being a trigger.
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| 10. |
- Åkerlund, Andreas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Akademiskt utbyte och internationell migration : En studie av stipendiater inom Svenska institutets stipendieprogram 1997-2015
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Akademisk mobilitet är en aspekt av internationell migration, som sällan får samma uppmärksamhet som flykt eller arbetskraftsmigration. Denna mobilitet möjliggörs ofta genom stipendier, och i Sverige är Svenska institutet en av de viktigaste stipendiegivarna. Föreliggande rapport handlar om personer som fått ett mobilitetsstipendium inom Visbyprogrammet. Programmet har funnits sedan 1997 och är inriktat mot länder i östra Europa. Ur ett migrationsperspektiv är dessa stipendiater en intressant grupp vad gäller migrationsmönster och internationella nätverk.Stipendieutdelning är en av många faktorer som är med och formar internationella migrationsflöden. Det innebär att de regler som svenska staten ställer upp för sina stipendier i kombination med Svenska institutets praktiska hantering av samma stipendier påverkar migrationen, då de gör internationell akademisk mobilitet möjlig för vissa specifika grupper. Över tid har Visbyprogrammet gått från att ha en näringslivsfrämjande, biståndspolitisk och tillväxtskapande inriktning till att handla om regionalt samarbete, avspänning och social utveckling. Programmet tillhör alltså tre politikområden, nämligen a) bistånds- och utvecklingsarbete, b) internationaliseringen av den högre utbildningen och c) offentlig diplomati, främjandet av Sverige och svensk ekonomi.Inom existerande forskning är det mycket ovanligt att ovan nämnda politikområden relateras till varandra. Studiens utgångspunkt är dock att relationen dem emellan är grundläggande för att förstå Visbyprogrammet. Utifrån detta antagande undersöks fem olika områden. Först och främst i vilken utsträckning stipendiaterna utgör en viktig resurs för ekonomin, politiken eller forskningen i sina hemländer (1), i vilken mån stipendiaterna fortfarande är förbundna med Sverige och det svenska samhället eller till och med är bosatta i Sverige och verksamma på svensk arbetsmarknad (2), samt om stipendiaterna flyttat vidare till andra länder och en internationell arbetsmarknad (3). Därutöver undersöks även i vilken utsträckning stipendierna skapar ett utbildningskapital, ett språkligt kapital och ett svenskt symboliskt kapital (4), samt hur stipendiaterna själva värderar sin stipendievistelse och de primäramotiven för att söka sig till Sverige (5).Som underlag för den aktuella studien genomfördes en enkätundersökning med tidigarelångtidsstipendiater inom Visbyprogrammet. Enkäten innehöll 34 frågor ochbesvarades av total 482 personer. Huvudresultaten är att stipendiatsgruppen harförändrats mellan 1997 och 2015. Från att initialt ha kommit från Baltikum, Polenoch Ryssland, kommer dagens stipendiater företrädelsevis från Ukraina, Rysslandoch Vitryssland. Dessutom har stipendiaternas ämnesinriktning förskjutits frånteknik och naturvetenskap mot samhällsvetenskap och humaniora. Orsaken tilldetta är att ekonomi och tillväxt tonats ned inom Visbyprogrammet till förmånför säkerhetspolitik och bistånd. Ett politiskt formulerat stipendieprogram som Visbyprogrammet och en mediär som Svenska institutet, har därmed en stor betydelseför hur den internationella student- och forskarmobiliteten ser ut och hur den varierar över tid.Ett annat centralt resultat är att stipendieperioden öppnar upp för tre olika livsbanor. Majoriteten av respondenterna flyttade tillbaka till sina hemländer (50 procent)medan mer än en på fyra (27 procent) bodde kvar i Sverige. En nästan lika stor grupp (23 procent) bosatte sig istället i ett tredje land, vanligtvis ett västeuropeiskt land eller USA. Samma mönster syns även om man ser till de länder där respondenterna bott en kortare period efter stipendieperioden. En vistelse i Sverige genererar alltså utbildningskapital som även har ett värde i andra länder. Visbystipendierna fungerar som en viktig del i en såväl socialt uppåtstigande som geografisk mobilitetsrörelse.Den främsta pullfaktorn för att söka sig till just Sverige var dock existensen av stipendierna och den ekonomiska säkerhet de innebär. En övervägande majoritet av stipendiaterna uppskattar att tiden i Sverige har haft en avgörandebetydelse för deras vidare karriär, men också att de har kunnat etablera stabila kontakter mellan Sverige och ursprungslandet.
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