| 1. |
- Suhr, O B, et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of autonomic neuropathy on circulatory instability during liver transplantation for familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy.
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Transplantation. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0041-1337 .- 1534-6080. ; 63:5, s. 675-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Circulatory instability with severe hypotension frequently complicates liver transplantation in patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. Autonomic dysfunction is found early in the course of the disease by analysis of beat-to-beat heart rate variability (HRV). The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of autonomic neuropathy on intraoperative circulatory instability during liver transplantation for familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy.METHODS: Twenty-two patients were evaluated at the Department of Medicine, Umea University Hospital, by spectral analysis of HRV and later received liver transplants at Huddinge University Hospital. The low-and high-frequency bands obtained by spectral analysis of HRV in the supine and upright positions, respectively, were used as representative of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Circulatory instability during transplantation was defined as a fall in systolic arterial blood pressure below 70 mmHg for more than 5 min during the preanhepatic phase.RESULTS: Both arrhythmia preventing spectral analysis of HRV and a sympathetic variability peak below 2.5 mHz2 were significantly more common among patients with intraoperative circulatory instability (P=0.03 and 0. 004, respectively). A diminished increase in pulse rate when tilting the patients from the supine to the upright position was also more pronounced among patients with circulatory instability (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients who will develop circulatory instability with a pronounced fall in arterial blood pressure can be identified by Poincare plots of R-R intervals and spectral analysis of HRV. A low sympathetic peak or arrhythmia precluding spectral analysis of HRV is significantly related to operative circulatory instability.
|
|
| 2. |
- Kristensen, B, et al.
(författare)
-
Epidemiology and etiology of ischemic stroke in young adults aged 18 to 44 years in northern Sweden.
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Stroke. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 28:9, s. 1702-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to conduct a population-based epidemiological survey among young adults aged 18 to 44 years in Northern Sweden and furthermore to gain further insight into the etiology of ischemic stroke in this age group.METHODS: Two studies were done. In the first part, epidemiological data were collected to calculate incidence and mortality from 1991 through 1994. This was based on the World Health Organization Northern Sweden MONICA register of acute stroke events. Eighty-eight first-ever ischemic stroke patients were identified during that period. In the second part, 107 consecutive patients aged 18 to 44 years with ischemic stroke referred to a university hospital were studied prospectively during a 5-year period and were extensively evaluated according to a standardized protocol. On the basis of modified Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria, the patients were classified into eight subtypes of ischemic stroke.RESULTS: The average population-based annual incidence rate for ischemic stroke (cases per 100,000 per year) was 11.3 (95% confidence interval, 6.7 to 16.1). The case-fatality rate was 5.7%. According to the modified TOAST criteria, a probable cause of ischemic stroke was identified in 36% and remained unexplained in 21% of cases. Spontaneous cervical arterial dissection was the leading probable etiology (13%). Patent foramen ovale or atrial septal aneurysm was a possible cause of stroke in 28% of cases. The percentages of ischemic stroke attributed to IgG anticardiolipin antibodies (4.7%), atherothrombotic vasculopathy (3.7%), oral contraceptive use (7%), and migraine (1%) were lower than reported in recent clinical series.CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate for ischemic stroke was higher than previously reported from most countries in Western Europe. The higher incidence was not explained by a higher prevalence of premature atherosclerotic vasculopathy. Without the additional diagnostic information derived from advanced cardiac imaging, the proportion of indeterminate cases would have constituted 37% of the patients.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Jonhagen, ME, et al.
(författare)
-
Intracerebroventricular infusion of nerve growth factor in three patients with Alzheimer's disease
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 9:5, s. 246-257
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nerve growth factor (NGF) is important for the survival and maintenance of central cholinergic neurons, a signalling system impaired in Alzheimer’s disease. We have treated 3 patients with Alzheimer’s disease with a total of 6.6 mg NGF administered continuously into the lateral cerebral ventricle for 3 months in the first 2 patients and a total of 0.55 mg for 3 shorter periods in the third patient. The patients were extensively evaluated with clinical, neuropsychological, neurophysiological and neuroradiological techniques. Three months after the NGF treatment ended, a significant increase in nicotine binding was found in several brain areas in the first 2 patients and in the hippocampus in the third patient as studied by positron emission tomography. A clear cognitive amelioration could not be demonstrated, although a few neuropsychology tests showed slight improvements. The amount of slow-wave cortical activity as studied by electroencephalography was reduced in the first 2 patients. Two negative side effects occurred with NGF treatment: first, a dull, constant back pain was observed in all 3 patients, which in 1 patient was aggravated by axial loading resulting in sharp, shooting pain of short duration. When stopping the NGF infusion, the pain disappeared within a couple of days. Reducing the dose of NGF lessened the pain. Secondly, a marked weight reduction during the infusion with a clear weight gain after ending the infusion was seen in the first 2 patients. We conclude from this limited trial that, while long-term intracerebroventricular NGF administration may cause certain potentially beneficial effects, the intraventricular route of administration is also associated with negative side effects that appear to outweigh the positive effects of the present protocol. Alternative routes of administration, and/or lower doses of NGF, perhaps combined with low doses of other neurotrophic factors, may shift this balance in favor of positive effects.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Trollfors, B, et al.
(författare)
-
Aetiology of acute epiglottitis in adults
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548. ; 30:1, s. 49-51
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- HILL, RD, et al.
(författare)
-
Visuospatial performance in very old demented persons: an individual difference analysis
- 1995
-
Ingår i: Dementia (Basel, Switzerland). - : S. Karger AG. - 1013-7424. ; 6:1, s. 49-54
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines selected demographic, psychometric, and biological measures as predictors of visuospatial performance in a sample of 98 persons with mild to moderate dementia. Visuospatial performance was measured using standardized neuropsychology instruments, namely: Poppelreuter''s figures, the clock test, and block design. Although multiple measures were initially correlated with performance on the selected visuospatial tests, the Mini-Mental State Examination was the exclusive predictor of Poppelreuter''s figures and the clock test scores. For block design, years of education also contributed to the prediction model, but only among mildly demented persons. These results suggest that disease severity plays a dominant role in the prediction of visuospatial performance in dementia, particularly in more advanced stages of the disease. The differential role of education in predicting block design performance in mild vs. moderate dementia was also highlighted.
|
|
| 25. |
- JOSEPHSSON, S, et al.
(författare)
-
EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE OCCUPATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN DEMENTIA
- 1995
-
Ingår i: OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY JOURNAL OF RESEARCH. - : SAGE Publications. - 0276-1599. ; 15:1, s. 36-49
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Model of Human Occupation was used as a conceptual model for an intervention program to support performance of activities of daily living in four patients with dementia at varying stages of development. The program focused on relatively well preserved functions in dementia (e.g., motor skills, procedural memory). Other important features included (a) the provision of environmental support, and (b) the consideration of subjects' habits and motivation. Intervention-related gains were evaluated using parts of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) instrument and an assessment of the amount of support required for task performance. The results showed some intervention-related gains in three of four patients. The gains were parallelled by a decrease in the amout of support required for task performance. The results support the notion that performance of everyday activities in dementia may be enhanced with proper intervention.
|
|
| 26. |
- Lagerström-Fermér, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Amelogenin signal peptide mutation : correlation between mutations in the amelogenin gene (AMGX) and manifestations of X-linked amelogenesis imperfecta
- 1995
-
Ingår i: Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-7543 .- 1089-8646. ; 26:1, s. 159-162
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formation of tooth enamel is a poorly understood biological process. In this study we describe a 9-bp deletion in exon 2 of the amelogenin gene (AMGX) causing X-linked hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta, a disease characterized by defective enamel. The mutation results in the loss of 3 amino acids and exchange of 1 in the signal peptide of the amelogenin protein. This deletion in the signal peptide probably interferes with translocation of the amelogenin protein during synthesis, resulting in the thin enamel observed in affected members of the family. We compare this mutation to a previously reported mutation in the amelogenin gene that causes a different disease phenotype. The study illustrates that molecular analysis can help explain the various manifestations of a tooth disorder and thereby provide insights into the mechanisms of tooth enamel formation.
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
- Molander, B, et al.
(författare)
-
Cognitive Aging in a Precision Sport Context
- 1996
-
Ingår i: EUROPEAN PSYCHOLOGIST. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 1016-9040 .- 1878-531X. ; 1:3, s. 166-179
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Highly skilled miniature golf players were examined in a series of field and laboratory studies. The principal finding from these studies is that young and young adult players (range = 15-38 years) score equally well or better in competition than in training whereas older adult players (range = 46-73 years) perform worse in competitive events than under training conditions. It was also found that the impairment in motor performance on the part of the older players is associated with age-related deficits in basic cognitive abilities, such as memory and attention. These results support the hypothesis that older players may be able to compensate for age-related deficits under relaxed conditions, but not under conditions of high arousal. The possibility of improving the performance of the older players in stressful situations by means of various intervention programs is discussed.
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
- Skrifvars, B.-J., et al.
(författare)
-
Ash behaviour in a CFB boiler during combustion of coal, peat or wood
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Fuel. - 0016-2361. ; 77:1-2, s. 65-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents selected results from an extensive on-site measurement campaign where the ash behaviour in a 12 MW CFB boiler was studied during firing of coal, peat and wood. Samples were taken from all in-going (bed material, fuel) and out-going solid material streams (secondary cyclone and bag filter) as well as from the bed and the return leg. Deposit samples were further collected from the cyclone inlet and from two different locations in the convective path. In addition, the boiler operation was monitored, including collection of operational data, flue gas temperature profiles and emissions. The paper discusses the differences in the ash chemistry that were detected between the three different combustion cases and draws conclusions on the impact of the chemistry on the bed agglomeration and fouling tendency for each fuel.
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
