| 1. |
- Nilsson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Varför vårdvetenskap?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Vårdvetenskapliga vägskäl. - Växjö : Växjö universitet. ; , s. 49-60
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Berglund, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Human, technological and organizational aspects influencing the production scheduling process
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Production Research.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The complexity of planning and scheduling, that its activities are comprised of and influenced by technical and social aspects, has been highlighted in earlier studies. The objective of this paper is to assess how the outcome of the production scheduling processes in four companies is influenced by human, technological, and organizational aspects. A conclusion is that the outcome of the scheduling process is influenced by the scheduler adding human capabilities that cannot be automated, problem-solving when the technical system fails, and negotiating between groups of employees to handle incompatible goals. Technology influences by limitations in the scheduled production system as well as the scheduling tools available. The organization, finally, influences the outcome through degree of proximity between employees, meeting structures, the schedulers’ position in hierarchy and their work role interconnecting activities of different organizational parts.
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| 3. |
- Berglund, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Human, technological and organizational aspects influencing the production scheduling process
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Production Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-5273 .- 1873-7579. ; 110:1-2, s. 160-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study of scheduling work in practice addresses how the production-scheduling processes in four companies are influenced by human, technological, and organizational aspects. A conclusion is that the outcome of the scheduling process is influenced by the scheduler adding human capabilities that cannot be automated, by technical constraints in the scheduled production system and by the available scheduling software tools. Furthermore, the outcome is influenced not only by how the scheduling process is formally organized, but also by the scheduler's informal authority and the role taken to interconnect activities between different organizational groups. The findings from the study support a number of previous studies done on scheduling in practice whilst giving new insights into their interpretation. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge gained from product introduction and implications for organizational learning
- 2008
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Empirical findings from the automotive industry demonstrate that knowledge gained during a product introduction is mainly related to work procedures, personnel resources, education and training, verification, and responsibilities. However, this is to a large extent individually based. Examples of means to make this knowledge accessible to others include integrated work procedures and networking when knowledge is developed in a person-to-person situation as well codification of some knowledge. This is achieved through allocation of personnel resources and emphasis on organizational learning on the company agenda as well as in design of work procedures, which are management tasks and responsibilities.
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| 6. |
- Berglund, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge transfer during personnel changes in manufacturing
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This case based research addresses knowledge transfer when employees change positions or roles during planned changes within manufacturing. The studies demonstrate that these changes are common. Knowledge needed to transfer includes technical, human and organizational issues. Furthermore, there is a need to transfer knowledge during formal changes of position as well as temporary changes of roles. Organizational structures for knowledge transfer must therefore be developed for transfer of explicit and implicit knowledge in formal and informal settings. This may be achieved through a combination of codified explicit knowledge, organized networks and by creating opportunities for learning from work in practice.
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| 7. |
- Berglund, Martina
(författare)
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Projekt upplärning : att lära sig kamma post kräver sin tid
- 2008. - 1
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Ingår i: Forskarroller i interaktivt utvecklingsarbete. - Linköping : Avdelningen för industriell arbetsvetenskap, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Linköpings universitet. - 9789173938655 ; , s. 91-110
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projekt Upplärning är en ”avknoppning” av ett litet experiment om postsorteringen som gjordes i ett inledande skede av samverkan mellan Posten och forskarlaget vid Linköpings universitet.
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| 8. |
- Berglund, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Schedulers’ work content – a quantified analysis
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEA2006 Congress.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to present a quantified analysis of the actual work activities of four schedulers within Swedish woodworking companies. Data collection was mainly based on observations of work activities. The findings show that about two thirds of the schedulers’ activities belong to what is generally considered to be the scheduling task. The remaining activities are dependent on the schedulers’ individual attributes as well as the context in which they work. Interruptions and disturbances are an important part of the schedulers’ work content, and may cause high workload and stress. A final conclusion is that the scheduling task can be regarded as a service task in an industrial context.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Berglund, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of production planners and schedulers at manufacturing and commercial interfaces
- 2008
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Ingår i: Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing. - : Wiley. - 1090-8471 .- 1520-6564. ; 18:5, s. 548-564
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes empirical research undertaken to identify how production planners and schedulers in manufacturing businesses exert influence on employees in production and commercial departments. Through the analysis of observations and interviews conducted in four case studies, sources of power were identified and categorized. It was found that although production planners and schedulers often did not have formal authority, in practice they had considerable influence. In the main, their sources of influence resided in their access to information. company agendas, and influential arenas, as well as their knowledge and social skills. The discussion draws from the findings examining influencing behaviors and considering their implications. The findings inform associated research on the processes, behaviors. and roles that schedulers and planners perform at functional interfaces, in support of effective and responsive order fulfillment. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 11. |
- Berglund, Martina, 1963-
(författare)
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Using Tentacles in Planning and Scheduling Work : Activities, Roles and Contributions
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Handling production scheduling is increasingly difficult for manyenterprises, and human involvement is necessary. The overall objective ofthis research was to gain further understanding of planners’ and schedulers’work within the manufacturing industry, to elucidate how their worksituation is formed, and to explain their significance to other employees’work and company activities. Scheduling work was studied in fourcompanies in the Swedish woodworking industry; a sawmill, a parquet floormanufacturer, a furniture manufacturer and a house manufacturer. Themethod used was activity analysis which is based on the analysis of workactivities in real work situations. Data collection included 20 days’observations and 65 interviews. Cross-case analysis with British cases onplanning work was also included.The findings revealed that the schedulers’ tasks lead to many activities. Twothirds of these are what can be expected. The remaining third constitutesactivities that depend on the schedulers’ individual attributes and the contextin which they work. The schedulers serve as problem solvers in a number ofdomains and constitute efficient information nodes, making them animportant service function. Furthermore, they have an alignment rolebetween different organizational groups. This role is specifically remarkablein dealing with production enquiries that must be aligned with productioncapability. Here, both planners and schedulers play an essential role inlinking the manufacturing and the commercial sides and their differentfunctional logics.Planners and schedulers in daily work exert strong influence on others. Theydo not hold legitimate power. Instead their influence emanates mainly fromaccess to and control of information and their ability to apply expertise tointerpret this information and examine the impact of decisions made acrossdifferent areas of the business. Personal power related to social skills is alsosignificant.Furthermore, they facilitate others’ work in continuous personalinteractions, serving the technical scheduling software system, and aligningdifferent organizational functions. In combination with expert knowledgeand developed social skills, they significantly contribute to quality operationsperformance. Finally, the schedulers influence the decision latitude of otheremployees and may indirectly promote job satisfaction, thus contributing todeveloping appropriate working conditions for others in the company.
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| 12. |
- Fava, Cristiano, et al.
(författare)
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Association between adducin-1 G460W variant and blood pressure in Swedes is dependent on interaction with body mass index and gender.
- 2007
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Ingår i: American Journal of Hypertension. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1941-7225 .- 0895-7061. ; 20:9, s. 981-989
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The W allele of the G460W polymorphism in the adducin-1 gene has been occasionally associated with increased blood pressure (BP). The aim of this study was to test whether the G460W variant is associated with BP levels and BP progression rate and whether G460W associations with BP are affected by sex, body mass index (BMI), or age. Methods: The G460W polymorphism was genotyped in the population-based Malmo Diet and Cancer-cardiovascular arm (MDC-CVA; n = 6103), of whom 53% had also been examined 11 +/- 4.4 years earlier in the Malmo Preventive Project (MPP). Results: Among subjects without antihypertensive treatment (AHT) in the MDC-CVA (n = 5009), there was no difference between carriers (38%) and noncarriers (62%) of the W allele in systolic BP (139.2 +/- 18.2 v 139.2 +/- 18.5 mm Hg; P = .99) or diastolic BP (85.9 +/- 9.1 v 86.1 +/- 9.2 mm Hg; P = .49). In subjects free from AHT in the MPP and MDC (n = 2637) there was no difference between carriers (38%) and noncarriers (62%) in progression of systolic BP (2.0 +/- 2.5 v 2.0 +/- 2.7 mm Hg/year; P = .45) or diastolic BP (0.59 +/- 1.6 v 0.56 +/- 1.5 mm Hg/year; P = .66) from MPP to MDC. At MDC-CVA BP was influenced by interaction between the G460W and BMI (P = .02 for systolic BP and P = .002 for diastolic BP) and by interaction between G460W and sex (P = .03 for systolic BP and P = .02 for diastolic BP), a result further confirmed by stratified analysis showing that female carriers of the W allele belonging to the upper tertile of BMI had increased systolic BP (146.1 +/- 18.6 v 141.2 +/- 18.6 mm Hg; P < .001), diastolic BP (88.7 +/- 8.7 v 86.1 +/- 8.7 mm Hg; P < .001), and prevalence of hypertension (72.5% v 61.8 %; P = .001). Conclusions: Our data suggest that the G460W polymorphism influences BP when BMI and sex are taken into account.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Fava, Cristiano, et al.
(författare)
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The functional variant of the CLC-Kb channel T481S is not associated with blood pressure or hypertension in Swedes.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 25:1, s. 111-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective A common threonine481serine polymorphism (T481S) has been shown in vitro to strongly activate the chloride channel Kb (CLC-Kb) expressed in the kidney, and the 481S allele has been associated with human hypertension. The study aim was to evaluate the association of the T481 S polymorphism with blood pressure (BP) levels and the BP progression rate in Swedes. Design and methods The cardiovascular cohort of the Malmo Diet and Cancer (MDC) study is a population surveyed in 1991-1996 (n = 6103, DNA available on n = 6055), 53% of whom had also been examined 11 +/- 4.4 years earlier in the Malmo preventive Project (MPP) Hypertension was defined as having BP above 140/90 mmHg or being on antihypertensive therapy (AHT). Carriers of one or two copies of the 481S allele were compared with T481T homozygotes (noncarriers). Results Among individuals without AHT in the MIX study (n = 4988) there was no difference between carriers (n = 1164, 23%) and noricarriers (n = 3824, 77%) in systolic BP (139.3 +/- 8.3 vs 139.2 +/- 8.3 mmHg, P=0.82) or diastolic BP (86.0 +/- 9.1 vs 86.0 +/- 9.2 mmHg, P = 0.95). In subjects free from AHT at the Ill and Ill studies (n = 2627) there was no difference between carriers (n = 607, 23%) and noricarriers (n = 2020, 77%) in progression of systolic BP (2.1 +/- 2.6 vs 2.0 +/- 2.8 mmHg/year, P = 0.72) or diastolic BP (0.57 +/- 1.4 vs 0.58 +/- 1.6 mmHg/year, P = 0.85) from Ill to Ill Multivariate analysis gave no support of interaction between the CLC-Kb 481S polymorphism, gender, age or body mass index regarding their effect on BP. Conclusion Our data do not support a role of the CLC-Kb T481S polymorphism in BP regulation in Swedes.
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| 15. |
- Fava, Cristiano, et al.
(författare)
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The V433M Variant of the CYP4F2 Is Associated With Ischemic Stroke in Male Swedes Beyond Its Effect on Blood Pressure.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Hypertension. - 1524-4563. ; 52, s. 373-380
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cytochrome (CYP) 4A11 and CYP4F2 are responsible for renal production of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, a vasoconstrictor and natriuretic substance. The CYP4A11 F434S and CYP4F2 V433M polymorphisms reduce 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid production in vitro. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of these polymorphisms on blood pressure (BP) levels, hypertension prevalence, and risk of incident cardiovascular events in middle-aged Swedes. The polymorphisms were genotyped in the cardiovascular cohort of the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. The incidence of cardiovascular events (coronary events, n=276; ischemic stroke, n=199) was monitored over 10 years of follow-up. The analysis of BP levels was performed twice: either excluding or including subjects under antihypertensive treatment. In the whole population, CYP4A11 S434S homozygotes had higher systolic BP, both crude and adjusted for the number of antihypertensive drugs, and higher prevalence of hypertension with respect to F434 carriers. Male, but not female, CYP4F2 M433 carriers had significantly higher crude and adjusted systolic and diastolic BPs and a trend toward higher hypertension prevalence (P=0.06) with respect to V433V homozygotes. After adjustment for major cardiovascular risk factors, the hazard ratio for incident ischemic stroke in male CYP4F2 M433 carriers was significantly higher with respect to V433V homozygotes (hazard ratio: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.10 to 2.60) even when baseline BP levels and hypertension prevalence were included in the Cox proportional hazard model. A common CYP4F2 V433M polymorphism might increase the risk of incident ischemic stroke in male subjects only partially through its elevating effect on BP. Additional studies are needed to confirm these data.
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| 16. |
- Montagnana, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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The Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARG gene is not associated with the metabolic syndrome in an urban population of middle-aged Swedish individuals.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine: A journal of the British Diabetic Association. - : Wiley. - 1464-5491. ; 25:8, s. 902-908
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To determine if the common Pro12Ala polymorphism (rs1801282) of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARG) gene is associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) or with its individual components in middle-aged Swedish individuals. METHODS: MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Panel III (NCEP/ATP III), the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR) criteria in a population-based sample of nearly 5000 subjects participating in the Malmö Diet and Cancer-cardiovascular arm. RESULTS: Of the subjects included in the analysis, 21.8, 29.4 and 20.4% had MetS according to the NCEP/ATP III, IDF and EGIR (only in subjects without diabetes) definitions, respectively. The Pro12Ala was not associated with MetS or with its individual components. These results were similar when patients with diabetes were excluded. Hypertensive and obese ala-carriers had lower fasting glucose and hypertensive ala-carriers also had lower level triglycerides (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our data do not support a major role for the Pro12Ala variant of the PPARG gene in MetS and its individual components. The modest difference in triglyceride and glucose levels, restricted to hypertensive and obese subjects in our cohort, suggests that the polymorphism has a minor effect on glucose and lipid metabolism, particularly in individuals at risk for gluco-metabolic disturbances.
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| 17. |
- Ny Harlin, Ulrika, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Towards efficent automation implementation
- 2006
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Ingår i: 9th symposium IFAC on "Automated Systems Based on Human Skills and Knowledge" / edited by Frédérique Mayer.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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