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- Dürrenfeld, Philipp, et al.
(författare)
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Tunable damping, saturation magnetization, and exchange stiffness of half-Heusler NiMnSb thin films
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 92:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The half-metallic half-Heusler alloy NiMnSb is a promising candidate for applications in spintronic devices due to its low magnetic damping and its rich anisotropies. Here we use ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements and calculations from first principles to investigate how the composition of the epitaxially grown NiMnSb influences the magnetodynamic properties of saturation magnetization M-S, Gilbert damping alpha, and exchange stiffness A. M-S and A are shown to have a maximum for stoichiometric composition, while the Gilbert damping is minimum. We find excellent quantitative agreement between theory and experiment for M-S and alpha. The calculated A shows the same trend as the experimental data but has a larger magnitude. In addition to the unique in-plane anisotropy of the material, these tunabilities of the magnetodynamic properties can be taken advantage of when employing NiMnSb films in magnonic devices.
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- Francis, C. W., et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients with dalteparin for up to 12months : the DALTECAN Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 13:6, s. 1028-1035
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundTreatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer has a high rate of recurrence and bleeding complications. Guidelines recommend low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for at least 3-6months and possibly indefinitely for patients with active malignancy. There are, however, few data supporting treatment with LMWH beyond 6months. The primary aim of the DALTECAN study (NCT00942968) was to determine the safety of dalteparin between 6 and 12months in cancer-associated VTE. MethodsPatients with active cancer and newly diagnosed VTE were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter study and received subcutaneous dalteparin for 12months. The rates of bleeding and recurrent VTE were evaluated at months 1, 2-6 and 7-12. FindingsOf 334 patients enrolled, 185 and 109 completed 6 and 12months of therapy; 49.1% had deep vein thrombosis (DVT); 38.9% had pulmonary embolism (PE); and 12.0% had both on presentation. The overall frequency of major bleeding was 10.2% (34/334). Major bleeding occurred in 3.6% (12/334) in the first month, and 1.1% (14/1237) and 0.7% (8/1086) per patient-month during months 2-6 and 7-12, respectively. Recurrent VTE occurred in 11.1% (37/334); the incidence rate was 5.7% (19/334) for month 1, 3.4% (10/296) during months 2-6, and 4.1% (8/194) during months 7-12. One hundred and sixteen patients died, four due to recurrent VTE and two due to bleeding. ConclusionMajor bleeding was less frequent during dalteparin therapy beyond 6months. The risk of developing major bleeding complications or VTE recurrence was greatest in the first month of therapy and lower over the subsequent 11 months.
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- Huang, Shuo, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanism of magnetic transition in FeCrCoNi-based high entropy alloys
- 2016
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Ingår i: Materials & design. - : Elsevier. - 0264-1275 .- 1873-4197. ; 103, s. 71-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- First-principles alloy theory and Monte-Carlo simulations are performed to investigate the magnetic properties of FeCrCoNiAlx high entropy alloys. Results show that face-centered-cubic (fcc) and body-centered-cubic (bcc) structures possess significantly different magnetic behaviors uncovering that the alloy's Curie temperature is controlled by the stability of the Al-induced single phase or fcc-bcc dual-phase. We show that the appearance of the bcc phase with increasing Al content brings about the observed transition from the paramagnetic state for FeCrCoNi to the ferromagnetic state for FeCrCoNiAl at room-temperature. Similar mechanism is predicted to give rise to room-temperature ferromagnetism in FeCrCoNiGa high entropy alloy.
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- Kroon, Renee, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of selenophene and thienothiophene incorporation into pentacyclic lactam-based conjugated polymers for organic solar cells
- 2015
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Ingår i: Polymer Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1759-9954 .- 1759-9962. ; 6:42, s. 7402-7409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, we compare the effect of incorporating selenophene versus thienothiophene spacers into pentacyclic lactam-based conjugated polymers for organic solar cells. The two cyclic lactam-based copolymers were obtained via a new synthetic method for the lactam moiety. Selenophene incorporation results in a broader and red-shifted optical absorption while retaining a deep highest occupied molecular orbital level, whereas thienothienophene incorporation results in a blue-shifted optical absorption. Additionally, grazing-incidence wide angle X-ray scattering data indicates edge- and face-on solid state order for the selenophene-based polymer as compared to the thienothiophene-based polymer, which orders predominantly edge-on with respect to the substrate. In polymer : PC71BM bulk heterojunction solar cells both materials show a similar open-circuit voltage of similar to 0.80-0.84 V, however the selenophene-based polymer displays a higher fill factor of similar to 0.70 vs. similar to 0.65. This is due to the partial face-on backbone orientation of the selenophene-based polymer, leading to a higher hole mobility, as confirmed by single-carrier diode measurements, and a concomitantly higher fill factor. Combined with improved spectral coverage of the selenophene-based polymer, as confirmed by quantum efficiency experiments, it offers a larger short-circuit current density of similar to 12 mA cm(-2). Despite the relatively low molecular weight of both materials, a very robust power conversion efficiency similar to 7% is achieved for the selenophene-based polymer, while the thienothiophene-based polymer demonstrates only a moderate maximum PCE of similar to 5.5%. Hence, the favorable effects of selenophene incorporation on the photovoltaic performance of pentacyclic lactam-based conjugated polymers are clearly demonstrated.
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- Locht, Inka L. M., et al.
(författare)
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Standard model of the rare earths analyzed from the Hubbard I approximation
- 2016
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950. ; 94:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we examine critically the electronic structure of the rare-earth elements by use of the so-called Hubbard I approximation. From the theoretical side all measured features of both occupied and unoccupied states are reproduced, without significant deviations between observations and theory. We also examine cohesive properties like the equilibrium volume and bulk modulus, where we find, in general, a good agreement between theory andmeasurements. In addition, we have reproduced the spin and orbital moments of these elements as they are reflected from measurements of the saturation moment. We have also employed the Hubbard I approximation to extract the interatomic exchange parameters of an effective spin Hamiltonian for the heavy rare earths. We show that the Hubbard I approximation gives results which are consistent with calculations where 4f electrons are treated as core states for Gd. The latter approach was also used to address the series of the heavy/late rare earths. Via Monte Carlo simulations we obtained ordering temperatures which reproduce measurements within about 20%. We have further illustrated the accuracy of these exchange parameters by comparing measured and calculated magnetic configurations for the heavy rare earths and the magnon dispersion for Gd. The Hubbard I approximation is compared to other theories of the electronic structure, and we argue that it is superior. We discuss the relevance of our results in general and how this makes it possible to treat the electronic structure of materials containing rare-earth elements, such as permanent magnets, magnetostrictive compounds, photovoltaics, optical fibers, topological insulators, and molecular magnets.
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