| 1. |
- Baumann, Henrikke, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
The Usefulness of an Actor’s Perspective in LCA
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Management. - Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands. - 9789400718982 ; , s. 73-83
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is an argumentation for adding an actor’s perspective to lifecycleassessment (LCA). The need for this perspective stems from a criticismabout the usefulness of LCA interpretation methods comparing the relativecontribution of life-cycle phases of a product. Our argumentation is based on fourpreviously published studies providing practical examples of how value chainactors’ influence may be considered in an LCA and the benefit of doing so.Manufacturing sector examples show how one company's influence can beillustrated in results and how it may relate all relevant emissions to its ownprocesses. The food sector study shows how to assess several value chain actors’individual improvement potential. The final example, taken from building sector,explore how to consider the fact that actors in one part of the value chain caninfluence other actors to improve.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bergström, Malin, et al.
(författare)
-
Living in two homes-a Swedish national survey of wellbeing in 12 and 15 year olds with joint physical custody
- 2013
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The practice of joint physical custody, where children spend equal time in each parent's home after they separate, is increasing in many countries. It is particularly common in Sweden, where this custody arrangement applies to 30 per cent of children with separated parents. The aim of this study was to examine children's health-related quality of life after parental separation, by comparing children living with both parents in nuclear families to those living in joint physical custody and other forms of domestic arrangements.Methods Data from a national Swedish classroom study of 164,580 children aged 12 and 15-years-old were analysed by two-level linear regression modelling. Z-scores were used to equalise scales for ten dimensions of wellbeing from the KIDSCREEN-52 and the KIDSCREEN-10 Index and analysed for children in joint physical custody in comparison with children living in nuclear families and mostly or only with one parent.Results Living in a nuclear family was positively associated with almost all aspects of wellbeing in comparison to children with separated parents. Children in joint physical custody experienced more positive outcomes, in terms of subjective wellbeing, family life and peer relations, than children living mostly or only with one parent. For the 12-year-olds, beta coefficients for moods and emotions ranged from -0.20 to -0.33 and peer relations from -0.11 to -0.20 for children in joint physical custody and living mostly or only with one parent. The corresponding estimates for the 15-year-olds varied from -0.08 to -0.28 and from -0.03 to -0.13 on these subscales. The 15-year-olds in joint physical custody were more likely than the 12-year-olds to report similar wellbeing levels on most outcomes to the children in nuclear families.Conclusions Children who spent equal time living with both parents after a separation reported better wellbeing than children in predominantly single parent care. This was particularly true for the 15-year-olds, while the reported wellbeing of 12-years-olds was less satisfactory. There is a need for further studies that can account for the pre and post separation context of individual families and the wellbeing of younger age groups in joint physical custody.
|
|
| 3. |
- Berlin, Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
School performance in primary school and psychosocial problems in young adulthood among care leavers from long term foster care
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Children and youth services review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0190-7409 .- 1873-7765. ; 33:12, s. 2489-2494
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We used data from Swedish national registers for ten entire birth year cohorts (1972–1981) to examine psychosocial outcomes in young adulthood for youth that left long term foster care after age 17, comparing them with majority population peers, national adoptees and peers who had received in-home interventions before age 13. The population was followed in the registers from age 16 to 2005. Data were analyzed in Cox regression models.Youth who left long term foster care had six-to eleven fold sex and birth year adjusted excess risks for suicide attempts, substance abuse and serious criminality from age 20, and for public welfare dependency at age 25. Overrisks were considerably lower for the in-home intervention group and the national adoptees. Adjusting results for poor school performance in the final year in primary school (ages 15–16) reduced overrisks by 38–52% for care leavers from long term foster care.Irrespective of issues of causality, poor school performance seems to be a major risk factor for future psychosocial problems among youth who age out of long term foster care. The results suggest that promoting foster children's school performance should be given high priority by agencies.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Hjern, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Migrant density and well-being-A national school survey of 15-year-olds in Sweden
- 2013
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy B - Oxford Open Option D. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 23:5, s. 823-828
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of migrant density in school on the well-being of pupils with a migrant origin in first as well as second generation. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of data from a national classroom survey of 15-year-old Swedish schoolchildren. The study population included 76 229 pupils (86.5% participation) with complete data set from 1352 schools. Six dimensions of well-being from the KIDSCREEN were analysed in two-level linear regression models to assess the influence of migrant origin at individual level and percentage of students with a migrant origin at school level, as well as interaction terms between them. Z-scores were used to equalize scales. Results: A high density (andgt; 50%) of pupils with a migrant origin in first or second generation was associated with positive well-being on all six scales for foreign-born pupils originating in Africa or Asia compared with schools with low (andlt; 10%) migrant density. The effect sizes were 0.56 for boys and 0.29 for girls on the comprehensive KIDSCREEN 10-index (P andlt; 0.001) and 0.61 and 0.34, respectively, for psychological well-being (P andlt; 0.001). Of the boys and girls born in Africa or Asia, 31.6% and 34.6%, respectively, reported being bullied during the past week in schools with low (andlt; 10%) migrant density. Conclusions: Pupils born in Africa or Asia are at high risk for being bullied and having impaired well-being in schools with few other migrant children. School interventions to improve peer relations and prevent bullying are needed to promote well-being in non-European migrant children.
|
|
| 6. |
- Lager, Anton, et al.
(författare)
-
Young people’s health : Health in Sweden: The National Public Health Report 2012. Chapter 3
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 40:9, s. 42-71
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present chapter discusses trends in public health among 16-24-year-olds – young people who are poised precariously between childhood and adult-hood. The group includes upper-secondary school pupils and young people who have gone on to higher education or work.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Schepull, Thorsten, et al.
(författare)
-
Autologous Platelets Have No Effect on the Healing of Human Achilles Tendon Ruptures A Randomized Single-Blind Study
- 2011
-
Ingår i: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE. - : American Journal of Sports Medicine. - 0363-5465 .- 1552-3365. ; 39:1, s. 38-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Animal studies have shown that local application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) stimulates tendon repair. Preliminary results from a retrospective case series have shown faster return to sports. Hypothesis: Autologous PRP stimulates healing of acute Achilles tendon ruptures. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Thirty patients were recruited consecutively. During surgery, tantalum beads were implanted in the Achilles tendon proximal and distal to the rupture. Before skin suture, randomization was performed, and 16 patients were injected with 10 mL PRP (10 times higher platelet concentration than peripheral blood) whereas 14 were not. With 3-dimensional radiographs (roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis; RSA), the distance between the beads was measured at 7, 19, and 52 weeks while the patient resisted different dorsal flexion moments over the ankle joint, thereby estimating tendon strain per load. An estimate of elasticity modulus was calculated using callus dimensions from computed tomography. At 1 year, functional outcome was evaluated, including the heel raise index and Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score. The primary effect variables were elasticity modulus at 7 weeks and heel raise index at 1 year. Results: The mechanical variables showed a large degree of variation between patients that could not be explained by measuring error. No significant group differences in elasticity modulus could be shown. There was no significant difference in heel raise index. The Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score was lower in the PRP group, suggesting a detrimental effect. There was a correlation between the elasticity modulus at 7 and 19 weeks and the heel raise index at 52 weeks. Conclusion: The results suggest that PRP is not useful for treatment of Achilles tendon ruptures. The variation in elasticity modulus provides biologically relevant information, although it is unclear how early biomechanics is connected to late clinical results.
|
|
| 9. |
- Tynngård, Nahreen, et al.
(författare)
-
In vitro properties of platelets stored in a small container for pediatric transfusion
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Transfusion. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 54:6, s. 1562-1568
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:The quality of a platelet (PLT) concentrate (PC) is affected by the number of PLTs in relation to the size and gas permeability of the container. This study evaluates the in vitro function, including hemostatic properties (clot formation and elasticity), of PLTs stored in a container of standard or small size.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:PCs with 30% plasma and 70% PLT additive solution were prepared from buffy coats. Two PCs were pooled and divided into the following containers: 1 unit and ½ a unit into a 1.8-L container (reference container) and ½ a unit into a 0.45-L container (test container). In a second set of experiments ¼ of a unit was stored in the reference and test containers. Swirling, PLT count, blood gases, metabolic variables, PLT activation markers, hypotonic shock response (HSR), and coagulation by free oscillation rheometry were analyzed during 7 days of storage.RESULTS:Swirling was well preserved and pH was acceptable (6.4-7.4) during storage of PLTs in both containers. Glycolysis and PLT activation were higher when storing ½ and ¼ of a unit in the reference container and storage of ¼ of a unit in the reference container resulted in the largest decrease in HSR. The clotting time was similar whereas the clot elasticity was slightly lower for PLTs when stored as ½ and ¼ of a unit in the reference container.CONCLUSION:Storage of a low number of PLTs benefits by storage in a small container in terms of better maintained in vitro properties.
|
|
| 10. |
- Tynngård, Nahreen, et al.
(författare)
-
In vitro properties of platelets stored in three different additive solutions
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Transfusion. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 52:5, s. 1003-1009
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: New platelet (PLT) additive solutions (PASs) contain compounds that might improve the storage conditions for PLTs. This study compares the in vitro function, including hemostatic properties (clot formation and elasticity), of PLTs in T-Sol, Composol, or SSP+ during storage for 5 days. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Fifteen buffy coats were pooled and divided into three parts. PLT concentrates (PCs) with 30% plasma and 70% PAS (T-Sol, Composol, or SSP+) were prepared (n = 10). Swirling, PLT count, blood gases, metabolic variables, PLT activation markers, and coagulation by free oscillation rheometry (FOR) were analyzed on Days 1 and 5. RESULTS: Swirling was well preserved and pH acceptable (6.4-7.4) during storage for all PASs. Storage of PLTs in T-Sol led to a decrease in PLT count whereas the number of PLTs was unchanged in Composol or SSP+ PCs. PLTs in T-Sol showed higher glucose metabolism than PLTs in Composol or in SSP+. At the end of storage PLTs in T-Sol had higher spontaneous activation and lower ability to respond to an agonist than PLTs in Composol or SSP+. PLTs in all the PASs had a similar ability to promote clot formation and clot elasticity. CONCLUSION: Storage of PLTs in Composol or in SSP+ improved the quality of PCs in terms of better maintained PLT count, lower glucose metabolism, lower spontaneous activation, and improved response to a PLT agonist compared to PLTs in T-Sol. PLTs stored in the various PASs had similar hemostatic properties. These findings make Composol and SSP+ interesting alternatives as PASs.
|
|
| 11. |
- Tynngård, Nahreen, et al.
(författare)
-
Platelet quality after washing: the effect of storage time before washing
- 2010
-
Ingår i: TRANSFUSION. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 0041-1132. ; 50:12, s. 2745-2752
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Patients who have experienced anaphylactic transfusion reactions receive washed platelet (PLT) concentrates (PCs) where the plasma has been substituted with a PLT additive solution. This study compares the in vitro quality of PCs washed at the beginning of the storage period (Day 1) to PCs washed at the end of storage (Day 7). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: PLTs were prepared by the buffy coat procedure. Two concentrates were pooled and then split to obtain an identical pair of PCs. One of the PCs was washed with T-Sol on Day 1 and the other on Day 7 of storage. Swirling, blood gases, and metabolic variables were analyzed before washing. Analyses of surface expression of CD62P and coagulation by free oscillation rheometry (FOR) were performed before and after washing. RESULTS: pH was acceptable in all PCs. Washing on Days 1 and 7 increased the CD62P surface expression. The FOR variables clotting time and clot retraction were not influenced by washing on either day. Washing resulted in a decrease in the number of PLTs and the decrease was larger on Day 7 compared to Day 1. CONCLUSIONS: PLTs washed on Days 1 and 7 of storage are effected by washing in a similar manner. However, a larger loss of PLTs occurred during washing on Day 7.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
