| 1. |
- Bramklev, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
-
Concurrent Design of Product and Package - Extending the Concept of IPD
- 2001
-
Ingår i: [Host publication title missing].
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a result of the globalisation of the world economy, many enterprises that previously confined their business activities to national markets are now focusing on broader international markets, thus forming the basis for the establishment of global enterprises. In addition to the extension of markets, these global companies also seek cost reductions through scale economics in logistics, marketing, product development, production and purchasing, and through focused manufacturing and/or assembly operations - Christopher [5], Porter [10]. In order to contribute to the establishment of global enterprises, an interdisciplinary research project has been launched at the Department of Design Sciences, Lund University, Sweden, as a collaborative effort between two of its divisions Machine Design and Packaging Logistics. The overall objective established for the project is to: facilitate the establishment of successful global enterprises by providing methods, techniques and an overall procedure model for integrating packaging logistics into the product development process.” By extending the concept of Integrated Product Development (IPD) to include the concurrent design of product and packaging, increased efficiency and effectiveness in the product development process are conceivable. Apart from the apparent advantage of reducing the time to market, environmental impacts in terms of a reduction in the consumption of raw materials due to the possibility of facilitating a “tailor-made” packaging of the product are also conceivable. As a result of the development of more efficient and effective packaging of the products, a reduction in emissions from the distribution of the products is also expected. For the development of the product-to-be, the packaging might provide alternative, less costly, solutions; this especially applies to those products, which have to withstand major structural loads during the distribution phase of the product life cycle. The overall concept of integrating relevant activities from the packaging logistics area into the IPD process has been introduced in a previous paper - see Bjärnemo et al [1]. In the paper presented here, the main objective is to:” establish the industrial relevance of introducing the concurrent design of product and packaging thus supporting or rejecting the key element in the previously developed integration concept.” The secondary objective is to: “obtain more detailed information on the actual handling of the interaction between product and packaging design in industry.” The latter information is intended to be used either for the further development of extended IPD concept or for providing a more detailed view why the integration concept has to be reacted. In order to obtain the information requested, an explorative survey has been performed in Swedish industry. The findings from this survey and its implications, as outlined above, are reported here
|
|
| 2. |
- Bramklev, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
-
Increasing competitiveness through concurrent development of product and packaging
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the TMCE 2004. ; , s. 855-868
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extending the product development process to also include the concurrent design of product and packaging is expected to increase efficiency and effectiveness in the development process. Apart from the obvious advantage of reducing the lead times of the development project, improving environmental impact by reducing the consumption of raw material due to the possibility of facilitating a "tailor made" packaging of the product is also anticipated. For the development of the product-to-be, the packaging might provide alternative, less costly, solutions. The main objective is to establish the actual interest in or need for introducing concurrent development of product and package in the product development process. In this paper the findings from a literature review and two surveys are reported. The surveys are performed in 40 Swedish companies, half of them in the food industry and the other half in the pharmaceutical industry. From an overall perspective of competitiveness, the findings demonstrate not only the relevance of introducing concurrent development of product and packaging in the product development process, but also that this introduction should be based on the concept of integration.
|
|
| 3. |
- Motte, Damien, et al.
(författare)
-
A descriptive model of the designer’s problem-solving activity during the later phases of the mechanical engineering design process
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1st CDEN Design Conference. - : Queen's University Library.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many specific and precise methods that support the mechanical engineering designer's work during the conceptual design phase exist, while only a few general methods address the embodiment design and detail design phases. Our study presents the pattern of the designer's problem-solving activity during the later phases of the design process. This model is in-tended to serve as a basis for further development of tools and methods directly oriented towards the de-signer at work in these stages of the design process. The descriptive model presented here is developed through observations of six designers at work in con-trolled experiments, and follows a previous study published elsewhere.
|
|
| 4. |
- Motte, Damien, et al.
(författare)
-
A study of the designer's cognitive processes during the later phases of the engineering design process
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th International Design Conference - DESIGN'04. - 9536313596 ; DS 32:1, s. 421-428
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An increasing number of studies have been focusing on the cognitive abilities and limitations of the designer during the design process, yet thus far only for the conceptual design phase. This paper deals with the embodiment design and detail design phases. We focus on the problem-solving process - strategies and basic steps - around the synthesis activity. Six experiments have been carried out, applying the verbal protocol analysis method as adapted to embodiment design and detail design. The results of this study show the specificities of the problem-solving activities of the later phases of the design process.
|
|
| 5. |
- Motte, Damien, et al.
(författare)
-
A study of the mechanical designer's strategies and tactics during the later phases of the engineering design process
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology - DETC/DTM'04. - 0791846962 - 0791837424 ; 3a, s. 315-324
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of an explorative study on the strategies and tactics applied by the mechanical designer during the later phases of the design process. The method chosen for this study is experiment-based, which is appropriate for an in-depth examination of the designer's activities. Six experiments have been run based on three dimensions: 1) the carrying out of basic design tasks consisting of the designer's strategies and tactics; 2) use of rules, principles and guidelines; and 3) consideration of additional factors. The analysis of the experiments is based on the verbal protocol analysis method. Although the designers individually showed different approaches, the strategies adopted by the experts presented a similar pattern. Some powerful tactics but also some weaknesses have been identified: the experts reasoned very early in the process in terms of concrete parts and components and thus rapidly solved interface problems; on the other hand, the evaluation and check activities were often considered as secondary.
|
|
| 6. |
- Motte, Damien, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparative study of the student's design process: Implications for the teaching of the later phases of the mechanical engineering design process
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1st CDEN Design Conference. - : Queen's University Library.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most methods that guide the designer through the later phases of the design process are general in nature, and it is up to the designer to organize the design work using the tools and techniques available. This process also relies greatly on experience, which is quite a challenge for students, who are mostly novices in the area. In a comparative study, the evolution of the experience and skills acquired by the students in performing design tasks during the embodiment design and detail design phases has been analyzed. The results indicate the main directions for improvement in teaching the later phases of the mechanical engineering design process.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Motte, Damien, et al.
(författare)
-
The cognitive aspects of the engineering design activity – A literature survey
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Tools and Methods of Competitive Engineering - TMCE'04. - 90 5966 018 8 ; 2, s. 1095-1096
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This literature survey aims at representing the current research on the cognitive aspects of the design activity, with an emphasis on problem-solving processes. The study is based on the selection of about sixty papers and books on the subject. The principal parameters of the study were defined as follows: general topics of the works, objects of the works, cognitive approaches, research results, study methods. The findings from this survey are: Most of the studies concern design theory, and then design support and education; They focus mainly on the conceptual design phase; The foremost cognitive aspect studied is problem solving, but knowledge, imagery and memory are also considered; The results of the reviewed papers confirm the validity of prescriptive methods for the design process, but there is a felt need for acknowledgement of the design activity constraints induced by cognitive limitations; The methods employed in most experiments are based on verbal protocol analysis and sketch analysis. The most important findings of this survey are that research should be extended to new areas, such as: Research on the cognitive aspects of the designer in the embodiment and detail design phases; Implementation of the research findings in current design practice, to improve the design process; Research of the origins of expert knowledge.
|
|
| 9. |
- Wang, Peijun, et al.
(författare)
-
A Web-based cost-effective training tool with possible application to brain injury rehabilitation
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-2607. ; 74:3, s. 235-243
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Virtual reality (VR) has provoked enormous interest in the medical community. In particular, VIR offers therapists new approaches for improving rehabilitation effects. However, most of these VR assistant toots are not very portable, extensible or economical. Due to the vast amount of 3D data, they are not suitable for Internet transfer. Furthermore, in order to run these VR systems smoothly, special hardware devices are needed. As a result, existing VIR assistant toots tend to be available in hospitals but not in patients' homes. To overcome these disadvantages, as a case study, this paper proposes a Web-based Virtual Ticket Machine, called WBVTM, using VRML [VRML Consortium, The Virtual Reality Modeling Language: International Standard ISO/IEC DIS 14772-1, 1997, available at http://www.vrml.org/Specifications/VRML97], Java and EAI (External Authoring Interface) [Silicon Graphics, Inc., The External Authoring Interface (EAI), available at http://cosmosoftware.com/developer/eai.htmt], to help people with acquired brain injury (ABI) to relearn basic living skills at home at a low cost. As these technologies are open standard and feature usability on the Internet, WBVTM achieves the goals of portability, easy accessibility and cost-effectiveness. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 10. |
- Wang, Peijun, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of a web-based customer-oriented interactive virtual environment for mobile phone design
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 23rd Computers and Information in Engineering Conference - DETC/CIE'03. - 0791836991 - 0791836983 ; 1, s. 1183-1191
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During recent years, mobile phone companies have experienced market-related difficulties that result in increasing competition globally. In an attempt to maintain or increase their market share, enterprises reorganize their resources and employ new technologies to sharpen their competitive edges. Moreover, with the globalization, more and more companies become multi-sited. Efficient and timely collaboration and communication among the Development team members become critical for product success. This paper proposes a web-based interactive virtual environment for mobile phone design, named VMPDS (Virtual Mobile Phone Design Space). The features of the system include the combination of web technology and VR (Virtual Reality) technology, the ability to deal with and extend the product model database, adequate interaction for 3-D product model modification and customization, and usefulness for the examination and evaluation of product concept design. The system is implemented by using standard open technologies such as VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language), Java, SAI (Script Authoring Interface) and EAI (External Authoring Interface) to assure accessibility and platformindependence.
|
|
