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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Björck S.) srt2:(2005-2009)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Björck S.) > (2005-2009)

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  • Sedimbi, S. K., et al. (författare)
  • SUMO4 M55V polymorphism affects susceptibility to type I diabetes in HLA DR3- and DR4-positive Swedish patients
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Genes Immun. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1466-4879 .- 1476-5470. ; 8:6, s. 518-21
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • SUMO4 M55V, located in IDDM5, has been a focus for debate because of its association to type I diabetes (TIDM) in Asians but not in Caucasians. The current study aims to test the significance of M55V association to TIDM in a large cohort of Swedish Caucasians, and to test whether M55V is associated in those carrying human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules. A total of 673 TIDM patients and 535 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included in the study. PCR-RFLP was performed to identify the genotype and allele variations. Our data suggest that SUMO4 M55V is not associated with susceptibility to TIDM by itself. When we stratified our patients and controls based on heterozygosity for HLA-DR3/DR4 and SUMO4 genotypes, we found that presence of SUMO4 GG increased further the relative risk conferred by HLA-DR3/DR4 to TIDM, whereas SUMO4 AA decreased the risk. From the current study, we conclude that SUMO4 M55V is associated with TIDM in association with high-risk HLA-DR3 and DR4, but not by itself.
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  • Shin, J. H., et al. (författare)
  • IA-2 autoantibodies in incident type I diabetes patients are associated with a polyadenylation signal polymorphism in GIMAP5
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Genes Immun. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1466-4879 .- 1476-5470. ; 8:6, s. 503-12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In a large case-control study of Swedish incident type I diabetes patients and controls, 0-34 years of age, we tested the hypothesis that the GIMAP5 gene, a key genetic factor for lymphopenia in spontaneous BioBreeding rat diabetes, is associated with type I diabetes; with islet autoantibodies in incident type I diabetes patients or with age at clinical onset in incident type I diabetes patients. Initial scans of allelic association were followed by more detailed logistic regression modeling that adjusted for known type I diabetes risk factors and potential confounding variables. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6598, located in a polyadenylation signal of GIMAP5, was associated with the presence of significant levels of IA-2 autoantibodies in the type I diabetes patients. Patients with the minor allele A of rs6598 had an increased prevalence of IA-2 autoantibody levels compared to patients without the minor allele (OR=2.2; Bonferroni-corrected P=0.003), after adjusting for age at clinical onset (P=8.0 x 10(-13)) and the numbers of HLA-DQ A1*0501-B1*0201 haplotypes (P=2.4 x 10(-5)) and DQ A1*0301-B1*0302 haplotypes (P=0.002). GIMAP5 polymorphism was not associated with type I diabetes or with GAD65 or insulin autoantibodies, ICA, or age at clinical onset in patients. These data suggest that the GIMAP5 gene is associated with islet autoimmunity in type I diabetes and add to recent findings implicating the same SNP in another autoimmune disease.
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  • Wolever, Thomas M S, et al. (författare)
  • Measuring the glycemic index of foods: interlaboratory study.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: The American journal of clinical nutrition. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 87:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Many laboratories offer glycemic index (GI) services. OBJECTIVE: We assessed the performance of the method used to measure GI. DESIGN: The GI of cheese-puffs and fruit-leather (centrally provided) was measured in 28 laboratories (n=311 subjects) by using the FAO/WHO method. The laboratories reported the results of their calculations and sent the raw data for recalculation centrally. RESULTS: Values for the incremental area under the curve (AUC) reported by 54% of the laboratories differed from central calculations. Because of this and other differences in data analysis, 19% of reported food GI values differed by >5 units from those calculated centrally. GI values in individual subjects were unrelated to age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, or AUC but were negatively related to within-individual variation (P=0.033) expressed as the CV of the AUC for repeated reference food tests (refCV). The between-laboratory GI values (mean+/-SD) for cheese-puffs and fruit-leather were 74.3+/-10.5 and 33.2+/-7.2, respectively. The mean laboratory GI was related to refCV (P=0.003) and the type of restrictions on alcohol consumption before the test (P=0.006, r2=0.509 for model). The within-laboratory SD of GI was related to refCV (P<0.001), the glucose analysis method (P=0.010), whether glucose measures were duplicated (P=0.008), and restrictions on dinner the night before (P=0.013, r2=0.810 for model). CONCLUSIONS: The between-laboratory SD of the GI values is approximately 9. Standardized data analysis and low within-subject variation (refCV<30%) are required for accuracy. The results suggest that common misconceptions exist about which factors do and do not need to be controlled to improve precision. Controlled studies and cost-benefit analyses are needed to optimize GI methodology. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00260858.
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  • Muscheler, R, et al. (författare)
  • The cosmic ray clock during the Younger Dryas cold period clues about climate forcing and the timing of climate change : clues about climate forcing and the timing of climate change
  • 2009
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The last cold spell of the last deglaciation, the Younger Dryas period, serves as the prime example for rapid climate change induced by ocean circulation changes. However, the detailed processes behind this cold event are far from being satisfactorily understood. Although, the oceanic involvement in this climate deterioration is not disputed, there are various speculations about mechanisms that could have triggered and terminated it. Here we present 10Be data from the GRIP ice core around the transition from the Bölling/Alleröd warm period into the Younger Dryas cold period. The data provide a high-resolution cosmic ray signal that can be used to synchronize different radionuclide records and the connected climate reconstructions. This approach can lead to robust results about synchronous and non-synchronous climate changes at different locations, insights into the possible processes behind the changes and also the prospect of an improved 14C calibration beyond the Holocene period.
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9.
  • Nordmyr, J., et al. (författare)
  • Vacuum assisted wound closure in patients with lower extremity arterial disease : The experience from two tertiary referral-centres
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Angiology. - 0392-9590 .- 1827-1839. ; 28:1, s. 26-31
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: The purpose of this investigation was to analyze predictors for wound healing, amputation and mortality after vacuum assisted closure (VAC) therapy of wounds in the lower limb in patients with arterial disease. METHODS: One hundred and twenty one wounds were treated and followed for 12 months at two vascular centres in Uppsala and Malmö, Sweden. VAC therapy was applied in the wound at a topical negative pressure of 125 mmHg. RESULTS: Median age of the patients was 74 years and critical lower limb ischemia was present in 87% of the patients at admission. Intestinal flora was cultivated in 74% of the wounds. VAC associated bleeding occurred in four patients. Complete wound healing was achieved in 66%. Deep groin infections were associated with synthetic graft infection (P<0.001), treatment outside hospital (P<0.001), faster healing (P<0.01) and lower amputation rate (P<0.005). Diabetes mellitus (OR 2.7; [95% CI 1.2-6.2]) and foot wound (OR 3.0; [95% CI 1.2-7.4]) were independent predictors for amputation. The absence of complete wound healing was the strongest factor for both amputation (P<0.001) and death (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: VAC therapy of complex wounds in the lower limbs in patients with vascular disease was associated with high healing rates. Non-healed wounds after VAC therapy were predictors for amputation and death.
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  • Björck, Svante, et al. (författare)
  • A Holocene lacustrine record in the central North Atlantic: proxies for volcanic activity, short-term NAO mode variability, and long-term precipitation changes
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Quaternary Science Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-3791. ; 25:1-2, s. 9-32
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Lake and peat corings on three Azores islands in the central North Atlantic, resulted in the discovery of a 6000 year long lacustrine sequence in a small crater lake, Lake Caveiro, on the island of Pico. This island is dominated by Pico mountain (2351 m), Portugal's highest mountain, and the lake site is situated at 903 in asl. Two sediment profiles, one central and one littoral, were sampled. Due to large facial shifts and disconformities in the littoral cores the analyses were concentrated on the central core; only the earliest 1000 years of the littoral core were studied to complement the central profile. We used sedimentology, geochemistry, diatom analyses, magnetic properties, and multivariate statistics, together with C-14 and Pb-210 dating techniques, to analyse the environmental history of the lake. Volcanic activity seems to have had a dominating impact on sediment changes and partly also on the diatom assemblages; a large number of tephras are found and seem to be connected with large (diatom) inferred pH variations. However, by a combination of methods, including multivariate techniques, we infer that precipitation changes can be detected through the volcanic noise. In the youngest part of the record (AD 1600-2000), with its decadal resolution, these humidity variations seem partly related to shifts in dominating NAO mode. The more long-term precipitation changes further back in time (350-5100 cal yr BP) roughly correspond to the well-known North Atlantic drift-ice variations as well as other North Atlantic records; low precipitation during drift-ice periods. We think these alterations were driven by changes in the thermolialine circulation as large-scale equivalences to the Great Salt Anomaly; low sea surface A temperatures and changes in circulation patterns of the central North Atlantic decreased the regional precipitation. Cooler/drier periods occurred 400-800, 1300-1800, 2600-3000, 3300-3400 and possibly also 4400-4600 cal yr BP,. while 300-400, 900-1000, 2000-2400, 3100-3200, 3800-4000 and 4700-5000 cal yr BP seem to have been more humid phases on the Azores. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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12.
  • Brouns, F, et al. (författare)
  • Glycaemic index methodology
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Nutrition Research Reviews. - 0954-4224. ; 18:1, s. 145-171
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The glycaemic index (GI) concept was originally introduced to classify different sources of carbohydrate (CHO)-rich foods, usually having an energy content of > 80 % from CHO, to their effect on post-meal glycaemia. It was assumed to apply to foods that primarily deliver available CHO, causing hyperglycaemia. Low-GI foods were classified as being digested and absorbed slowly and high-GI foods as being rapidly digested and absorbed, resulting in different glycaemic responses. Low-GI foods were found to induce benefits on certain risk factors for CVD and diabetes. Accordingly it has been proposed that GI classification of foods and drinks could be useful to help consumers make 'healthy food choices' within specific food groups. Classification of foods according to their impact on blood glucose responses requires a standardised way of measuring such responses. The present review discusses the most relevant methodological considerations and highlights specific recommendations regarding number of subjects, sex, subject status, inclusion and exclusion criteria, pre-test conditions, CHO test dose, blood sampling procedures, sampling times, test randomisation and calculation of glycaemic response area under the curve. All together, these technical recommendations will help to implement or reinforce measurement of GI in laboratories and help to ensure quality of results. Since there is current international interest in alternative ways of expressing glycaemic responses to foods, some of these methods are discussed.
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  • Fabel, D., et al. (författare)
  • Cosmogenic nuclide calibration: The Baltic Ice Lake drainage
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Quaternary International.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • During retreat of the Fennoscandian ice sheet, a large ice-dammed lake formed along its south-eastern margin. The ice damming this Baltic Ice Lake (BIL) was breached at the northern tip of Mt Billingen, resulting in a catastrophic drainage of ~8000 km3 of meltwater and an associated lowering of the BIL by ~25 m. This event occurred at ~11,500 calibrated 14C yr, determined using bio-, litho, and chrono-stratigraphic data from numerous lake and bog cores in the immediate vicinity of Mt Billingen and the varve chronology from the Baltic Sea tied to the GRIP 18O record.The dramatic fall in the level of the BIL is recorded by raised shorelines, isolation of lake basins, and changes in the characteristics of marine sediments. We collected material for a pilot study from (1) scoured bedrock directly in the path of the meltwater outflow, (2) large (> 2m x 2m x 2m) sandstone boulders derived from the northern tip of Mt Billingen and transported by the flood, (3) bedrock from a meltwater-scoured area further down-current (called Klyftamon), and (4) cobbles from the surface of thick floodwater deposits downstream of the scoured Klyftamon bedrock surface. The results of 10Be analysis of these samplesare internally consistent between the sampling locations, and we compare these to the available 14C data in order to assess the validity of the site as a potential calibration site for cosmogenic nuclide methods
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  • Kortekaas, Marloes, et al. (författare)
  • OSL chronology for a sediment core from the southern Baltic Sea: A continuous sedimentation record since deglaciation
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Quaternary Geochronology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1871-1014. ; 2:1-4, s. 95-101
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A chronology based on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating is presented for the late- and post-glacial evolution of the southern Baltic Sea (-15ka to present). During this period, large water level and salinity changes occurred in the Baltic Basin due to opening and closing of connections to the North Atlantic. Previous attempts to establish a chronology for these palaeoenvironmental changes have mainly been conducted in coastal settings where organic material for C-14 dating is abundant. Many of these records are, however, discontinuous due to the large water level fluctuations. In contrast, in the relatively deep water of the Arkona Basin, the sediment record is expected to be more or less continuous. The single aliquot regenerative dose (SAR) procedure was used to date 32 samples of fine quartz sand from a 10.86 in long sediment core from the centre of this basin (45 in water depth). Tests of luminescence characteristics confirmed the suitability of the material for OSL dating and the ages agree well with the available AMS C-14 ages on shells. The Baltic Ice Lake drainage to the North Atlantic appears to occur - 11.6 ka, agreeing with other published evidence. However, we suggest that the main marine Littorina transgression appears in the Arkona Basin at about 6.5 ka, rather than at 8.5 ka, as previously thought. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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  • Ryazhkin, A. V., et al. (författare)
  • Local atomic structure of Fe-Ni/V multilayer nanostructures : EXAFS spectroscopy and synchrotron radiation data
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of Structural Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-4766 .- 1573-8779. ; 49:1, s. S129-S137
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Fe, Ni, and V K EXAFS spectroscopic experiments were carried out at the European Synchrotron Radiation Center (ESRF) in the fluorescent mode on the 26 angstrom line with the use of the [(Fe82Ni18)(5)/V-6](25) and [(Fe82Ni18)(10)/V-6](25) samples of multilayer nanoheterostructures prepared by magnetron spraying (at Uppsala University). The partial interatomic distances were determined by the regularization technique. The existing distortions of the bee lattice in (Fe82N18)/V multilayer nanostructures depend strongly on the thickness of the ferromagnetic layers of the permalloy and also affect vanadium layers.
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20.
  • Wastegard, S, et al. (författare)
  • A tephra-based correlation between the Faroe Islands and the Norwegian Sea raises questions about chronological relationships during the last interglacial
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Terra Nova: the European journal of geosciences. - : Wiley. - 0954-4879. ; 17:1, s. 7-12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Marine ash zones from the last interglacial period have been described from cores from the North Atlantic and an ash zone from the middle part of the interglacial has been observed in connection with a major cooling event. Here we present evidence for a coeval ash zone in a terrestrial site on the Faroe Islands. The investigated sediments are correlated with the upper part of oxygen isotope stage 5e and the beginning of stage 5d. The Eemian climatic optimum is represented in the lower part of the sequence close to the first occurrence of the ash zone. A tephra-based correlation suggests that the climatic optimum was synchronous with the marine record from the Norwegian Sea, but several thousand years later than in Eemian sections of west central Europe. However, many questions on the chronological relationship between the Eemian and oxygen isotope stage 5e still remain to be answered.
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