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- Hakamies-Blomqvist, Liisa, et al.
(author)
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Quality of life in patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving either docetaxel or sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil : A multicentre randomised phase III trial by the Scandinavian breast group
- 2000
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In: European Journal of Cancer. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 36:11, s. 1411-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of two alternative chemotherapy regimes on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with advanced breast cancer. In a multicentre trial, 283 patients were randomised to receive either docetaxel (T) or sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (MF). QoL was assessed at baseline and before each treatment using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30). Initial compliance in the QoL study was 96% and the overall compliance 82%. QoL data were available for 245 patients (T 130 and 115 MF). Both treatment groups showed some improvement in emotional functioning during treatment, with a significant difference favouring the MF group at treatment cycles 5 and 6. In the T group, the scores on the other functional scales remained stable throughout the first six cycles. There were significant differences favouring the MF group on the social functioning scale at treatment cycle 6 and on the Global QoL scale at treatment cycles 5 and 6. On most symptom and single-item scales there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. However, at baseline, the T patients reported more appetite loss, at treatment cycles 2-4, the MF patients reported more nausea/vomiting, and at treatment cycle 6, the T patients reported more symptoms of fatigue, dyspnoea and insomnia. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in the mean change scores of the functional and symptom scales. Interindividual variance was, however, larger in the T group. Differences in QoL between the two treatment groups were minor. Hence, given the expectancy of comparable QoL outcomes, the choice of treatment should be made on the basis of the expected clinical effect.
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- Hakamies-Blomqvist, Liisa, et al.
(author)
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Timing of quality of life (QoL) assessments as a source of error in oncological trials
- 2001
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In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 35:5, s. 709-16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM OF THE STUDY: To produce an empirical estimate of the nature and magnitude of the error produced by incorrect timing quality of life (QoL) measurements in patients receiving chemotherapy. DESIGN: In a multicentre trial, 283 patients were randomized to receive either docetaxel (T) or sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (MF). The QoL was assessed at baseline and before each treatment using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). The study design was retrospective. Data were analysed using t-tests. RESULTS: Erroneous timing affected the QoL findings in both treatment arms. At baseline, there were statistically significant differences in the MF group on the nausea/vomiting scale, with ill-timed assessment showing more symptoms, and in the T group on the physical functioning scale with ill-timed assessments indicating better QoL. The mean scores of correct vs. incorrect timings over the first 14 cycles showed statistically significant differences on several scales. In the MF group, ill-timed assessments indicated significantly worse physical functioning and global QoL, and significantly more of the following symptoms: fatigue, nausea/vomiting, insomnia, appetite loss, and constipation. In the T group, ill-timed assessment showed better physical functioning, less dyspnoea and more insomnia than correctly timed assessments. The reasons for erroneous timing were not always detectable retrospectively. However, in some cases the MF group, being in standard treatment, seemed to have followed a clinical routine not involving the active participation of the study nurse responsible, whereas patients in the experimental T group were more consistently taken care of by the study nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Incorrect timing of QoL assessments in oncological trials jeopardises both the reliability of the QoL findings within treatment and the validity of QoL outcome comparisons between treatments. This issue should be emphasized in the planning of both the study design and clinical routines.
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- Lagergren, K, et al.
(author)
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Evidence for excited states in Ag-95
- 2002
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In: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 14:4, s. 393-396
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The first evidence for excited states in Ag-95 is presented. Ag-95 is the heaviest T-z = 1/2 nucleus for which gamma-rays have been identified. The reaction Ca-40(Ni-58, 1p2n)Ag-95 was used in the experiment, which resulted in the assignment of three gamma-rays to Ag-95. A detector system consisting of the detector arrays Euroball, Neutron Wall and Euclides was used to detect gamma-rays, neutrons and charged particles, respectively.
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- Blomqvist, P, et al.
(author)
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Cholecystectomy in Sweden 1989 and 1994: Long admissions assessed by the inpatient registry
- 2000
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In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0895-4356. ; 53:11, s. 1174-1180
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to compare cholecystectomy in Sweden (pop. 8.9 million) 1989 to 1994 when the diffusion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) was completed, focusing on long hospital admissions as a proxy indicator of adverse events. This was
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- Blomqvist, P, et al.
(author)
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Untitled - Introduction
- 2000
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In: ACTA ORTHOPAEDICA SCANDINAVICA. - 0001-6470. ; 71
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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- Elomaa, I, et al.
(author)
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Five-year results in Ewing's sarcoma. The Scandinavian Sarcoma Group experience with the SSG IX protocol
- 2000
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In: European Journal of Cancer. - 1879-0852. ; 36:7, s. 875-880
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The first Scandinavian protocol for Ewing's sarcoma, SSG IV, resulted in a local control rate of 74% and 5-year metastasis-free survival (MFS) of 43%. The second protocol, SSG IX, was started in order to improve upon these results. It featured four chemotherapy cycles, each consisting of two courses of VAI (vincristine, doxorubicin, ifosfamide) alternating with one course of PAI (cisplatin, doxorubicin, ifosfamide) at 3-weekly intervals. Total treatment time was 35 weeks. Local therapy was given at week 9. Inoperable or non-radically operated patients received hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy 1.5 Gy twice daily between chemotherapy courses to a total dose of 42-60 Gy, depending on surgical radicality and tumour localisation. 88 patients were included (58 male, 30 female, mean age 20 years; range 5-65 years). The tumour (73 M0 and 15 M1) was located centrally in 31 patients (35%), in the extremities in 34 (39%) and other sites in 23 (26%) of cases. The median size of tumour was 10 cm (range 2-23), soft tissue was invaded in 87%. Surgery was the local therapy for 60 (68%) patients: amputation in 8 and local excision in 52. The surgical margins were wide in 35 patients, marginal in 14 and intralesional in 3. Radiotherapy was given to 17 non-radically operated patients postoperatively and to 28 patients with inoperable tumours primarily. Histological responses were evaluated in 52 patients. 9 local recurrences were observed (10%). Distant metastases developed in 24 M0 patients (33%). The estimated 5-year MFS was 58% and overall survival (OS) 70% for M0 and 27% and 28% for M1 patients, respectively. Survival was favourable in patients with non-metastatic extremity tumours (90%) and tumours operated with wide margins (90%). Patients with a total necrosis after chemotherapy had a better OS than those with a partial or poor response (P=0.003). The toxicity (World Health Organisation) was acceptable (gastrointestinal G1-2; haematological G3-4). The SSG IX protocol gave better local control and survival rates than the SSG IV. Whether this is due to a higher therapeutic efficacy of the present protocol cannot be ascertained in this comparison with a historical control.
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| 42. |
- Hanson, Maj, 1939, et al.
(author)
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Magnetic domain structures in submicron-size particles of epitaxial Fe (001) films: shape anisotropy and thickness dependence
- 2002
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In: Physical Review B. - 2469-9969 .- 2469-9950. ; 66, s. 144419-1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work the influence of shape anisotropy on the magnetic hysteresis and zero-field magnetic domain state of submicron-size particles of Fe was investigated. Arrays of particles having circular (diameter dc=550 or 200 nm), rectangular (900 nm by 300 nm), or elliptical (450 nm by 150 nm) shape were prepared by electron lithography and ion-beam milling of epitaxial Fe (001) films of thicknesses t=50, 30, 15, and 10 nm. The samples were characterized by magnetization measurements and magnetic-force microscopy (MFM). All films have cubic anisotropy, for t=50, 30, and 15 nm with the same anisotropy constant as bulk Fe: K1=(4.30.1)104 J m-3. For t=10 nm the effective anisotropy is increased, K1=5.7104 J m-3, due to surface effects. The effects of the interplay between the magnotocrystalline and shape anisotropies are observed as the lateral extension of the films is decreased. The circular particles with dc=550 nm have closed magnetic domain structures with a fourfold symmetry, compatible with the magnetocrystalline anisotropy, for all thicknesses. In the rectangular particles a gradual change is observed as the thickness decreases. For t=50 nm a diamond structure comprising three closed-domain substructures is formed in the demagnetized state. The rectangles with t=30 and 15 nm are multidomains with the number of closed substructures decreasing to 2 and 2 or 1, respectively. The thickness dependence of the domain structure and an accompanying change of character in the MFM contrast are explained by an increasing amount of Neel component in the domain walls with a width that increases with decreasing film thickness. The rectangles with t=10 nm are quasisingle domains, forming a flower state. The small circular particles (dc=200 nm) and the elliptical ones, both with t=10 nm, are considered to be stable single domains in zero field. Judging from the hysteresis curves, magnetization reversal does not occur by coherent rotation in any of the particles
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| 44. |
- Jansson, KA, et al.
(author)
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Spinal stenosis surgery in Sweden 1987-1999
- 2003
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In: European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-6719. ; 12:5, s. 535-541
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 46. |
- Jansson, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Allochthonous organic carbon decreases pelagic energy mobilization in lakes
- 2003
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In: Limnology and Oceanography. - 0024-3590 .- 1939-5590. ; 48:4, s. 1711-1716
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Over the past decade, it has been Shown that unproductive lakes worldwide are net heterotrophic because bacterial respiration of allochthonous. organic carbon (AOC) makes community respiration exceed primary production. Net heterotrophy means that aquatic systems are net sources of CO2 to the atmosphere but also that bacterial utilization of AOC increases bacterioplankton production (BP) and bacterial uptake of limiting inorganic nutrients at the expense of phytoplankton production (PP). We studied 15 unproductive lakes in northern Sweden with dissolved organic carbon concentrations between 3 and 22 mg L-1. We found a highly significant negative relationship between the degree of heterotrophy and total pelagic energy mobilization (PP + BP based on AOC) per unit of limiting nutrient. We suggest that this is because the high cell phosphorous (P) requirement of bacteria makes energy mobilization per P unit considerably lower in bacterioplankton than in phytoplankton. We also suggest that the productivity of the entire pelagic ecosystem is determined by the availability of inorganic nutrients and AOC and by whether nutrients are allocated to BP or PP.
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